34 过多服用雌性激素有可能引发卵巢癌
DATE=4-12-01
TITLE=SCIENCE REPORT -Estrogen and Ovarian Cancer
BYLINE=Mario Ritter
(Start at 1'00"）This is the VOA Special English SCIENCE REPORT.
A recent medical study shows that a （1）hormone many women use may increase their chances of getting cancer of the （2）ovaries. （3）Estrogen is a growth chemical produced by organs and tissue in a woman's body. The hormone causes the growth and development of female sexual organs. And it causes a woman to be able to become pregnant.
An estimated twenty- million women in the United States take some kind of estrogen. Doctors give estrogen to older women whose reproductive period has ended. The treatment replaces estrogen that their bodies have stopped producing. The treatment is meant to improve a woman's quality of life and feeling of well being. Estrogen has been linked to several processes in the body.
Some older women take estrogen to keep their (4) bones from weakening. Research also has shown that estrogen may reduce the risk of some heart disease.
Estrogen is also used in birth-control (5) drugs. One researcher has noted that birth-control drugs reduce the risk of cancer of the ovaries. But not all of the effects of estrogen use are good for a woman's health. The most recent studies show that, in later life, estrogen may increase the risk of cancer of the ovaries.
A study published in the Journal of the American Medical Association shows that use of estrogen for many years may be harmful. Researchers studied more than two- hundred- thousand healthy older women for fourteen years. Nine- hundred- forty-four of the women died of ovarian cancer. Sixty-six of the women had taken estrogen for more than ten years starting in the Nineteen-Seventies or early Nineteen-Eighties.
The study found that women who took estrogen for more than ten years were more than two times as likely to die of ovarian cancer as women who never took the hormone. However, the doctor who led the study says some women should continue to consider taking estrogen. Carmen Rodriguez says taking the hormone for a short time is probably not harmful. And ovarian cancer is very rare.
Also, estrogen treatment has changed over time. In the past, doctors treated women with large amounts of estrogen alone. Today, doctors give estrogen in smaller amounts. And estrogen is usually given with another hormone, (6) progesterone, to control harmful effects.
This VOA Special English SCIENCE REPORT was written by Mario Ritter. And this is Bill White.
注释：
(1) hormone[???????n]n.荷尔蒙，激素
(2) ovary[???????]n卵巢，（植物的）子房
(3) estrogen[?????????n]n.雌性激素
(4) bone[????] n.骨骼, 尸体
(5) drug [????]n.药； 药物；药材，
(6) progesterone[ ??????????????? ]n.黄体荷尔蒙
35 切尼副总统的心脏病治疗手术
DATE=3-14-01
TITLE=SCIENCE REPORT- Cheney/Heart
BYLINE=Nancy Steinbach
(Start at 1'00") This is the VOA Special English Science Report.
Last week Vice President Dick Cheney was treated in a hospital in Washington for (1)chest pains linked to heart disease. Mister Cheney is sixty years old. He has (2)suffered four heart attacks in the past twenty-three years. His latest heart attack was last November. At that time, doctors found that one (3)artery was almost completely blocked. They placed a small metal tube (4) device inside the artery to keep it open. The device is called a stent.
Research has shown that about twenty percent of the people who receive stents suffer chest pains about three months later. The pains result from the re-narrowing of part of the artery near the stent. This happens when the body treats the stent as a foreign object and creates scar (5)tissue in the area. It is different from the narrowing caused by (6)cholesterol that builds up in arteries of people suffering heart disease.
Doctors say pain following a stent placement does not mean that the heart has been damaged. It is a sign that scar tissue has blocked an area of the blood (7)vessel.
Mister Cheney went to the hospital March fifth after suffering chest pains. The doctors examined his heart and found a one millimeter area of narrowing at one end of the stent. The stent is about thirteen millimeters long.
The doctors opened the blocked area using a method called balloon angioplasty. They placed a long, thin tube called a (8)catheter inside an artery in Mister Cheney's upper leg. The catheter had a small balloon on the end. Doctors moved the catheter up to the blocked artery near his heart. Doctors then put the small balloon through the stent and filled it with air to re-open the artery. Then they removed the balloon and the catheter.
The doctors say there is about a forty percent chance that the stent area will (9)narrow again and cause (10)similar chest pains for Mister Cheney in the future. If that happens, the doctors might use small amounts of (11)radiation to re-open the artery. The use of radiation is a new (12)treatment. It can reduce the chances that the artery will become blocked again.
Vice President Cheney returned to work two days after he was treated. Doctors believe he will be able to carry out his job as vice president.
This VOA Special English Science Report was written by Nancy Steinbach.
(1) chest[ ????? ]n.胸腔, 胸膛, 箱, 柜
(2) suffer[ ????? ]vt.遭受, 经历, 忍受vi.受痛苦, 受损害
(3) artery[ ??????? ]n.动脉, 要道
(4) device[ ??????? ]n.装置, 设计, 图案, 策略, 发明物, 设备[计]安装设备驱动程序
(5) tissue[ ??????? ]n.薄的纱织品, 薄纸, 棉纸, [生]组织, 连篇
(6) cholesterol[??????????????????? ]n.胆固醇
(7) vessel[ ????? ]n.船, 容器, 器皿, 脉管, 导管
(8) catheter[ ??????? ]n.[医]导尿管, 尿液管, 导管
(9) narrow[ ?????? ]n.狭窄部分, 海峡, 隘路adj.狭窄的, 精密的, 严密的, 有限的, 气量小的, 勉强的, 眼光短浅的vi.变窄vt.使变狭窄, 使缩小
(10) similar[ ??????? ]adj.相似的, 类似的
(11) radiation[ ???????????? ]n.发散, 发光, 发热, 辐射, 放射, 放射线, 放射物
(12) treatment[ ???????????]n.待遇, 对待, 处理, 治疗
36 反口蹄疫的疫苗
VOICE ONE:
(Start at 1'00") American scientists are developing new vaccine medicines against Foot-and-Mouth Disease. They hope to stop serious infections like the one now affecting animals in Europe. Currently, Foot-and-Mouth Disease vaccines are made from a virus that causes the disease. Such vaccines use a killed or weakened virus.
However, experts say the current vaccines are difficult to use. They say such vaccines offer only short-term protection against Foot-and-Mouth disease. The United States Department of Agriculture is working to develop more powerful and longer-lasting vaccines. The Department operates the Plum Island Animal Disease Center. It is near the coast of Long Island, New York. The center is the only American laboratory with enough ￡±) security to safely study the virus.
VOICE TWO:
Peter Mason directs the Foot-and-Mouth Disease research team at Plum Island. He says the team is using genetic engineering to develop several new kinds of vaccines. One new kind of vaccine uses genetic material from the virus. It is injected into the animal. The D-N-A ￡2) molecules cause the animal to make proteins similar to those produced by the virus. This helps the animal to develop resistance to the disease.
Another method involves pieces of genetic material from the Foot-and-Mouth Disease virus. Scientists put this D-N-A material into other harmless viruses. When injected into a healthy animal, the changed viruses can cause resistance to fight Foot-and-Mouth and other diseases.
VOICE ONE:
Mister Mason says both experimental vaccines would be effective for controlling infections among large numbers of animals. He says the vaccines help build up natural resistance quickly and safely among animals near infected areas.
The American scientist says tests with the new vaccines are hopeful. However, the vaccines probably will not be ready to be used for several years.
(THEME)
VOICE TWO:
This SCIENCE IN THE NEWS program was written and produced by George Grow. This is Sarah Long.
VOICE ONE:
And this is Bob Doughty. Join us again next week for more news about science in Special English on the Voice of America.
(1) security [ ????????????] n.安全
(2) molecules [ ??????????????????]n.[化]分子, 些微
