unit 1 Grammar :动词不定式[下学期]
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| 名称 | unit 1 Grammar :动词不定式[下学期] |  | |
| 格式 | rar | ||
| 文件大小 | 1.2MB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（新课程标准） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2006-02-21 22:55:00 | ||
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课件10张PPT。非谓语动词--动词不定式 Margaret一. 几个必需掌握和理解的语法概念动 词谓语动词：I work in Hefeng middle school.非谓语动词动词不定式：I want to work in Hefeng middle school (谓语)(非谓语)Ving :I like working in Hefeng middle school.(谓语)(非谓语) Vpp:He made himself understood by others.
(谓语) (非谓语)1.2.动词不定式的构成： to + V原形
有时可以省略不定式符号 to （1）在使役动词make,have,let后做宾补时 （2）在感官动词see,hear,watch,feel,notice,look at,observe,listen to等后作宾补时 （3）情态动词后 （4）help(to)do (5) do(did,done) but/except/besides(除了) + V原形 ： I could do nothing but stay at homeWe had no choice but to accept the result.二. 动词不定式的句法作用1.作主语：It is difficult to know what the future will be like.(P2)It is possible to live an independent and fulfilling life.(P4)2.作表语：My ambition is to work in the computer industry when I grow up.(P3)His ambition is to become an actor.(P1)Ving 与动词不定式作主语和表语在意义上没有多大的区别，可以互换。但有时Ving 所表示的动作比较抽象，时间概念不强，表示习惯性，泛指经常性，不具体的动作，而动词不定式 所表示的动作则往往是具体的一次行为，尤其是将来的动作。Teaching is my job (经常性的动作)
To be a teacher is her greatest wish (将来的动作)Her job is keeping the office clean.(经常性动作)
Her job this afternoon is to clean the office.(具体的一次性行为)Learning about a language is easier than using it.
It is easier to learn about a language than to use it.可互换3.作宾语They don’t know how to make me well(P2)I have learnt to adapt to my disability (P2)Then I started to get weaker and weaker(P3)My fellow students have begun to accept me for who I am .(P3)A big company has decided to buy it from me.(P3)We thought it better to start early (it作形式宾语)The teacher made no comments except to tell him to work hard.(作介词的宾语)Ving与动词不定式作宾语的区别：（1）在英语中，有一些动词后面只能接不定式作宾语
Eg: agree,aim,ask,decline,demand,fail,hesitate,hope,hurry,manage,offer,
plan,perpare,refuse,want,wish…….
（2）在英语中，有一些动词后面只能接 ing 形式作宾语
Eg: admit,avoid,consider,delay,feel like,finish,imagine,risk,suggest
（3）在英语中，有一些动词后面既可以接不定式，也可以接ing 形式作宾语，并且意义区别不大
Eg: start,begin,prefer,like,intend
（4）在英语中，有一些动词后面既可以接不定式，也可以接ing 形式作宾语，但意义区别很大
Eg: remember,forget,mean,regret,stop,try,go on,
4.作宾补My disability has helped me to grow stronger and more independent (P3)The doctors made him give up smoking.(省略to )
I saw him take your dictionary away.I will get someone to carry your luggage.Ving 与不定式做宾补的区别：前者表示动作正在进行的状态，或表示多次反复的动作。不定式则表示动作的完成状态I saw him waiting at the bus stop (Ving 表示动作正在进行) I saw him enter the building just now.(不定式表示的是一个动作的全过程)5.作状语：Some days I was too tired to get out of bed.(P2)Sometimes I am too weak to go to school.(P3)I have had to work hard to live a normal life.(P3)作目的状语： The whole family went to the beach to spend their weekend.
To achieve his ambition,he works hard every day.(2)作结果状语：At that time ,she was too young to understand this.
The box is too small to hold all these things.
He lifted a rock only to drop it on his own feet.注意： Ving作结果状语时，表示自然而然的，顺理成章的结果，而不定式作结果状语时表示意料外的，意想不到的结果The fire lasted nearly a month,leaving nothing valuable.They hurried to school,only to find that it was Sunday.（3）作原因状语： We shall be very happy to hear from you.
All of us were shocked to hear the news6.作定语：I am the only students to have a pet snake.(P3)I don’t have any time to sit around.(P3)If I had the chance to say one thing to healthy kids. (P3)作定语时，Ving表示正在进行的动作，不定式往往表示将要发生的动作，Vpp则表示动作的被动和完成。The old man sitting at the table wears a white shirt.The students to be interviewed are required to bring all the necessary papers two days later.Lost time can never be found again.动词不定式常和一些表示喜怒哀乐等情感的形容词或动词-ed形式后面，说明产生这种情绪的原因。
注意：不定式作原因状语多用在形容词之后，而Ving作原因状语时多放在句首I am very glad to see you again.
Being a teacher,you should always think of your students动词不定式作定语时，须放在其修饰的名词或代词之后，通常与其所修饰的名词或代词之间有一定的逻辑关系（1）主谓关系 ：There are many people to believe his words.
CaiLun is the first person to invent paper in the world.被修饰的 名词或代词是动词不定式行为的执行者（2）动宾关系：There is no more time to waste.(to waste time)The teacher left us a lot of homework to do .(to do homework)There is a secret to look into.(to look into a secret .)Into 不能省略被修饰的 名词或代词是动词不定式行为的承受者
如果充当不定式的动词是不及物的，它后面应有必要的介词（3）修饰关系P49 1(1)I forgot to ask you to go to the bank.(2)It is very important to turn off the electricity before you check the machine.(3) I know how to make a mouse out of my handkerchief.(疑问词+不定式)(4)Luckily,we don’t have much more work to do(5)She was very pleased to have the opportunity to travel while she was young.(6)She has been very successful in her work,and now her greatest wish is to get married and have a child.
(谓语) (非谓语)1.2.动词不定式的构成： to + V原形
有时可以省略不定式符号 to （1）在使役动词make,have,let后做宾补时 （2）在感官动词see,hear,watch,feel,notice,look at,observe,listen to等后作宾补时 （3）情态动词后 （4）help(to)do (5) do(did,done) but/except/besides(除了) + V原形 ： I could do nothing but stay at homeWe had no choice but to accept the result.二. 动词不定式的句法作用1.作主语：It is difficult to know what the future will be like.(P2)It is possible to live an independent and fulfilling life.(P4)2.作表语：My ambition is to work in the computer industry when I grow up.(P3)His ambition is to become an actor.(P1)Ving 与动词不定式作主语和表语在意义上没有多大的区别，可以互换。但有时Ving 所表示的动作比较抽象，时间概念不强，表示习惯性，泛指经常性，不具体的动作，而动词不定式 所表示的动作则往往是具体的一次行为，尤其是将来的动作。Teaching is my job (经常性的动作)
To be a teacher is her greatest wish (将来的动作)Her job is keeping the office clean.(经常性动作)
Her job this afternoon is to clean the office.(具体的一次性行为)Learning about a language is easier than using it.
It is easier to learn about a language than to use it.可互换3.作宾语They don’t know how to make me well(P2)I have learnt to adapt to my disability (P2)Then I started to get weaker and weaker(P3)My fellow students have begun to accept me for who I am .(P3)A big company has decided to buy it from me.(P3)We thought it better to start early (it作形式宾语)The teacher made no comments except to tell him to work hard.(作介词的宾语)Ving与动词不定式作宾语的区别：（1）在英语中，有一些动词后面只能接不定式作宾语
Eg: agree,aim,ask,decline,demand,fail,hesitate,hope,hurry,manage,offer,
plan,perpare,refuse,want,wish…….
（2）在英语中，有一些动词后面只能接 ing 形式作宾语
Eg: admit,avoid,consider,delay,feel like,finish,imagine,risk,suggest
（3）在英语中，有一些动词后面既可以接不定式，也可以接ing 形式作宾语，并且意义区别不大
Eg: start,begin,prefer,like,intend
（4）在英语中，有一些动词后面既可以接不定式，也可以接ing 形式作宾语，但意义区别很大
Eg: remember,forget,mean,regret,stop,try,go on,
4.作宾补My disability has helped me to grow stronger and more independent (P3)The doctors made him give up smoking.(省略to )
I saw him take your dictionary away.I will get someone to carry your luggage.Ving 与不定式做宾补的区别：前者表示动作正在进行的状态，或表示多次反复的动作。不定式则表示动作的完成状态I saw him waiting at the bus stop (Ving 表示动作正在进行) I saw him enter the building just now.(不定式表示的是一个动作的全过程)5.作状语：Some days I was too tired to get out of bed.(P2)Sometimes I am too weak to go to school.(P3)I have had to work hard to live a normal life.(P3)作目的状语： The whole family went to the beach to spend their weekend.
To achieve his ambition,he works hard every day.(2)作结果状语：At that time ,she was too young to understand this.
The box is too small to hold all these things.
He lifted a rock only to drop it on his own feet.注意： Ving作结果状语时，表示自然而然的，顺理成章的结果，而不定式作结果状语时表示意料外的，意想不到的结果The fire lasted nearly a month,leaving nothing valuable.They hurried to school,only to find that it was Sunday.（3）作原因状语： We shall be very happy to hear from you.
All of us were shocked to hear the news6.作定语：I am the only students to have a pet snake.(P3)I don’t have any time to sit around.(P3)If I had the chance to say one thing to healthy kids. (P3)作定语时，Ving表示正在进行的动作，不定式往往表示将要发生的动作，Vpp则表示动作的被动和完成。The old man sitting at the table wears a white shirt.The students to be interviewed are required to bring all the necessary papers two days later.Lost time can never be found again.动词不定式常和一些表示喜怒哀乐等情感的形容词或动词-ed形式后面，说明产生这种情绪的原因。
注意：不定式作原因状语多用在形容词之后，而Ving作原因状语时多放在句首I am very glad to see you again.
Being a teacher,you should always think of your students动词不定式作定语时，须放在其修饰的名词或代词之后，通常与其所修饰的名词或代词之间有一定的逻辑关系（1）主谓关系 ：There are many people to believe his words.
CaiLun is the first person to invent paper in the world.被修饰的 名词或代词是动词不定式行为的执行者（2）动宾关系：There is no more time to waste.(to waste time)The teacher left us a lot of homework to do .(to do homework)There is a secret to look into.(to look into a secret .)Into 不能省略被修饰的 名词或代词是动词不定式行为的承受者
如果充当不定式的动词是不及物的，它后面应有必要的介词（3）修饰关系P49 1(1)I forgot to ask you to go to the bank.(2)It is very important to turn off the electricity before you check the machine.(3) I know how to make a mouse out of my handkerchief.(疑问词+不定式)(4)Luckily,we don’t have much more work to do(5)She was very pleased to have the opportunity to travel while she was young.(6)She has been very successful in her work,and now her greatest wish is to get married and have a child.