Unit 2 grammar ving[下学期]

课件17张PPT。 Ving的变化形式有？种
一 直接加ing 如 do-doing
二 不发音的字母e结尾的单词，去e 加ing 如come-coming
三 以“辅元辅”结尾的单词 要双写最后一个字母 加ing run-running
study， persuade， begin， play studying persuading，beginning，playingThe usage of –ing form
表示主动的或正在进行的动作或状态Walking is good for everyone.
2. Our job is playing all kinds of music.
3. We shall appreciate hearing from you again.
4. Do you know the boy lying under the tree?
5. People come to theme parks, looking for excitement.
6. On the hill, he saw smoke rising from the chimneys.
(主语）（表语）（宾语）（定语）
（状语)（宾补） Ving形式作主语和宾语的用法
1 形式
V+ing 否定 not +ving
2 作用
起名词，形容词和副词的作用。在句中作主语、宾语、表语、状语和宾语补足语 ， 注意不能单独做谓语
I going to school.(×)
I like going to school.(√)3 构成形式 以do为例
主动 被动
一般时态 doing being done
完成时态 having done having been done

现在以study为例
一般时态
完成时态
否定式的一般时态
否定式的完成时态 not studying not being studied
not having done not having been done studying being studied
having studied having been studied用法
1） 做主语
Seeing is believing.
Playing chess is my hobby.
It’s no use crying over the spilt milk.
It’s good playing chess after supper.形式主语注意：动词-ing与不定式作主语的区别
1）一般情况下可以换用：
It is dangerous playing/ to play with fire.
2）在下列句型中习惯用-ing作主语，不用不定式
It’s no use/no good/ useless doing sth
There +be +no+名词(saying, trouble, telling等)1 ---What do you think made Mary so upset?
----_______ her new bicycle.
A). As she lost B) Lost
C) Losing D) Because of losing
2 They thought there is no trouble ______ their favorite brand from other brands.
A) to tell B) telling
C) tell D) toldCB_________ (teach) is quite interesting.
___________ (teach) so many little kids in such a small room today will really make me confused.TeachingTo teach3).V-ing表抽象的动作；不定式表具体的
动作。4） V-ing的复合结构
形容词性物主代词/ 名词所有格 + V-ing
Would you mind my smoking here?
___________________________made the teacher unhappy.
李平迟到使老师不高兴.
_________________ worried her mother a
lot. ( 她生病令她母亲担心).Li ping’s being/coming late Her being ill____________________made him unhappy.
没通过考试使他不高兴.
_______________________made teachers upset.
学生们没通过考试使老师不开心.Not passing the examStudents’ not passing the exam强调动作的发出者二 Ving 做宾语
1） 在及物动词及介词后面
Would you mind my sitting here?
2） 在worth，busy等形容词后
China Daily is worth reading.1 While shopping, people sometimes can’t help ______ into buying something they don’t really need.
to persuade B) persuading
being persuaded D) be persuaded
How about the two of us _____ a walk down
the garden?
to take B) take C) taking D) to be taking
3 Millions of pounds have been spent ______ the free state education system in Britain.
to improving B)in improving
C) to improve D)to have improvedC固定
搭配CB注意：不定式与Ving做宾语的比较
1） 在下列一些动词后面常跟V-ing作宾语，而不跟不定式
admit(承认), appreciate(欣赏;感激), advise, avoid, allow, delay(耽搁), dislike, enjoy, escape, excuse, face, feel like, finish, fancy(想象), forbid(禁止),forgive, imagine, include, mention, mind, miss, practise, resist(抵抗;忍得住), risk(冒险), suggest…2) 在下列一些动词后面只跟不定式，不跟v-ing做宾语
want(想要), hope, expect, wish,decide, would like, refuse, manage, pretend, demand, offer, afford, plan, wonder, intend…3）在下列一些动词后面跟不定式或v-ing做宾语，意义不同
remember/ forget doing
remember/forget to do
try doing / try to do
stop doing/ stop to do
mean doing/ mean to do
chance doing/ chance to do 4）need， require， want作“需要”讲时，跟ving的主动形式作宾语，主动表被动 ，相当于to be done
e.g. The bike needs/wants/ requires mending/ to be mended.
5）
allow/advise
permit/forbiddoing sth
sb to do sth
辛苦了