Unit 3 Life in the future 单元测试[上学期]

新课标《人教版》(必修5)第三单元测试附重点解析
一、基础过关(每小题1分，满分20分)
A. 单词拼写
1. There is something wrong with your car. It r__________ repairing.
2. In China many people have bought cars and the number of p_________ cars is increasing quickly.
3. My s_________ is good; I don’t need glasses.
4. The project had to be stopped for the l________ of money. The manager has gone to raise money.
5. I have a bad t___________. I will have to get the bad tooth pulled out tomorrow.
6. Only in this way can you ___________ (掌握) spoken English.
7. She lives in a pleasant neighborhood and enjoys her s_____________(环境).
8. There are several __________ (开关) on the wall. Can you tell me which one turns on the hall lights?
9. Do you know the __________ (长度) of this bridge?
10. A train is a kind of ____________ (交通工具), which is fast and safe.
B. 句型转换
11. A: We missed the train as a result of the heavy rain.
B: It rained heavily. ______ _______ ______, we missed the train.
12. A: My first visit was to a space station considered the most modern in this part of space.
B: I first _______ a space station which ________ _________ the most modern in this part of space.
13. A: I felt better immediately.
B: I felt better _______ ________ ________.
14. A: I got lost when we reached what looked like a large market because of the people flying by in all directions.
B: I couldn’t ________ _______ ______ when we reached what looked like a large market _______ people flew by in all directions.
15. A: Why not sit down and rest?
B: Why ______ ______ sit down and rest?
C. 完成句子
16. Playing games on the Internet _________ _________ (占用) most of his time
17. What I saw ________ ________ ________ (使我想起了) my childhood.
18. When he got there, he _________ _______ ______ (看见) the ship on the sea but soon it was ______ _____ _______ (看不见了).
19. Our classroom should be _________ ________ (打扫) after class every day.
20. He ______ ______ (加快速度) the car in order not to be late.
二、单项填空 (每小题1分，满分15分)
21. My cousin doesn't know what to ______ at the university; he can't make up his mind about his future.
A. take on B. take away
C. take up D. take after
22. Thank you for ______ me of the important date.
A. remembering B. thinking C. reminding D. expecting
23. I advise you to take school more seriously, otherwise you’ll have to go out and work, _____.
A. as a result
B. now and then
C. in a word
D. at that moment
24. —Who came out _______ first in the London Marathon??? — Michael. He’s always ________ first to reach the line. A. the; the???? B. 不填；不填
C. the; 不填???? D. 不填; the 25. When you finish reading the book .you will have??________? better understanding of?______life.? A. a; the ? B. the; a
C. 不填; the ?D. a; 不填
26. “How could you lose so much money?” Charlie asked his wife, eyeing her angrily from______ the kitchen table.? A. at? B. across
C. through? D. on 27.— What was it, Ted?
—Just a(n.) ___________ in my shoulder. It’s gone now.
A. injury B. ache
C. wound D. pain
28. John couldn’t finish his words _______ something had struck his throat.
A. though B. as though
C. when D. since
29. For miles around me there was nothing but a desert, without a single plant or tree ______.? A. on earth? B. for distance
C. in sight? D. at place30. He has very sharp eyes; he can ______ sight of things quickly.
A. catch??????????????????? B. lose
C. raise???????????????????? D. lower
31. Do you know who provides these orphans(孤儿) _______ food and clothing?
A. with B. for
C. to D. of
32. Christie stared angrily at her boss and turned away, as though ________ out of the office.
A. went B. to go
C. gone D. would go
33. The murderer has run into the mountain and the policemen are _________ him.
A. searching B. questioning
C. searching for D. finding
34. It rained last night and the flowers don’t require _________, so he _________ water the flowers.
A. being watered; doesn’t need to
B. watering; doesn’t need to
C. being watering; needn’t
D. watering; needn’t to
35. I don’t believe that older people are always wiser. It _______ the person and what kind of experiences he or she has had.
A. requires of B. results from
C. depends on D. belongs to
三、完形填空 (每小题1分，满分20分)
阅读下面短文，掌握大意，然后从36-55各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳答案。
This report presents facts of home computer used by a group of young people. It is a common belief that teenagers today know about 36 and are familiar 37 using them in all their lives. We decided to try to 38 if this was true.
We questioned thirty people between 14 and 18. All the teenagers we 39 said they had computers at home. We asked them how much time they spent on their computers in an average week, 40 we were most interested in 41 they used their computers 42 .
The average time 43 on a computer in a week was about 12 hours, with the highest user average 32 hours and the lowest user 44 5 hours. There was 45 important different between boys and girls.
All of the people questioned said they regularly used the computer to 46 games. Fourteen told us they did some word-progressing at home, but not very much. Only two said that computers 47 them with their studies, 48 eight people told us they kept address and telephone numbers on their computers 49 used them writing diaries. Only three people said they were learning to program computers. But 50 of the people used their computers for 51 purpose.
The results make it known that average computer use is quite high 52 teenagers. They also show quite clearly that computers are seen by most young people 53 little more than game machine. The only important uses are for word-procession and organizing address lists. It 54 to us that, although computers are popular with British youths, they have not 55 become useful tools in their daily life.
36. A. everything B. computers
C. knowledge D. much
37. A to B. with
C. for D. in
38. A. find out B. discover
C. watch D. notice
39. A. elected B. found
C. chose D. saw
40. A. and B. so
C. for D. but
41. A. which B. that
C. what D. how
42. A. for B. in
C. as D. with
43. A. spent B. had
C. enjoyed D. used
44. A. even B. more
C. exactly D. only
45. A. even B. any
C. not D. no
46. A. do B. play
C. make D. invent
47. A. told B. taught
C. helped D. introduced
48. A. however B. still
C. while D. yet
49. A. but B. or
C. even D. then
50. A. most B. none
C. some D. all
51. A. any other B. no other
C. some other D. another
52. A. with B. of
C. between D. among
53. A. as B. like
C. the same D. such
54. A. turns B. listens
C. looks D. seems
55. A. too B. either
C. yet D. still
四、阅读理解 (每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C或D）中，选出最佳选项
A
There are little cars that may some day take the place of today’s automobiles(汽车). If everyone drives such a little car in the future, there will be less pollution in the air, there will be more parking space in cities, and the streets will be less crowded. The space now for one car of the usual size can hold at least three such little cars.
The little cars will cost much less to own and to drive. Driving will be safer, too, as these little cars can go only 65 kilometers an hour.
The cars of the future will be fine for going around the city, but they will not be useful for going far away. If the car is powered by electricity, it will have two batteries—one battery for the motor and the other for the horn (喇叭), signals (信号灯), etc. Little cars which are powered by gas will go 45 kilometers before needing to stop for more gas.
If big cars are still used along with the small ones, two sets of roads will be needed to set up in the future. Some roads will be used for the big, fast cars, and other roads will be needed for the small, slower ones.
56. What’s the advantage (优势) of the small cars?
A. There won’t be so much pollution and the small cars won’t be so expensive as the big ones.
B. It will be safer to drive these small cars.
C. There will be more space for cars to park.
D. All of the above.
57. Two sets of roads are necessary in the future in order to .
A. prevent car accidents
B. make the city more beautiful
C. let small cars run fast
D. limit the speed of the cars
58. Which of the following is true according to the passage?
A. A car of the usual size now is three times as big as the small car.
B. The small car with a speed of 65 kilometers an hour is much more useless than a car of the usual size.
C. the little car will be safer but cost more.
D. The little car will need more gas.
59. The best title for this passage should be .
A. Big Cars and Small Cars
B. How to Drive Small Cars
C. Cars for Tomorrow
D. Cars for Everyone
B
In 1901, H. G. Wells, an English writer, wrote a book describing a trip to the moon. When the explorers (探险者) landed on the moon, they discovered that the moon was full of underground cities. They expressed their surprise to the “moon people” they met. In turn, the “moon people” expressed their surprise. “Why?” they asked, “are you traveling to outer space when you don’t even use your inner space?”
H. G. Wells could only imagine travel to the moon. In 1969, human beings really did land on the moon. People today know that there are no underground cities on the moon. However, the question that the “moon people” asked is still an interesting one. A growing number of scientists are seriously thinking about it.
Underground systems are already in place. Many cities have underground car parks. In some cities, such as Tokyo, Seoul and Montreal, there are large underground shopping areas. The “Chunnel”, a tunnel (隧道) connecting England and France, is now complete.
But what about underground cities? Japan’s Taisei Corporation is designing a network of underground systems, called “Alice Cities.” The designers imagine using surface space for public parks and using underground space for flats, offices, shopping, and so on. A solar dome (太阳能穹顶) would cover the whole city.
Supporters of underground development say that building down rather than building up is a good way to use the earth’s space. The surface, they say, can be used for farms, parks, gardens, and wilderness. H. G. Wells “moon people” would agree. Would you?
60. The explorers in H. G. Wells’ story were surprised to find that the “moon people” .
A. knew so much about the earth
B. understood their language
C. lived in so many underground cities
D. were ahead of them in space technology
61. What does the underlined word “it” (paragraph 2) refer to?
A. Discovering the moon’s inner space.
B. Using the earth’s inner space.
C. Meeting the “moon people” again.
D. Traveling to outer space.
62. What sort of underground systems are already here with us?
A. Offices, shopping areas, power stations.
B. Tunnels, car parks, shopping areas.
C. Gardens, car parks, power stations.
D. Tunnels, gardens, offices.
63. What would be the best title for the text?
A. Alice Cities—cities of the future
B. Space travel with H. G. Wells
C. Enjoy living underground
D. Building down, not up
C
Do you want to live another 100 years or more? Some experts say that scientific advances will one day enable humans to last tens of years beyond what is now seen as the natural limit of the human life span.
"I think we are knocking at the door of immortality (永生),' said Michael Zey, a Montclair State University business professor and author of two books on the future. "I think by 2075 we will see it and that's a conservative estimate (保守的估计)."
At the conference in San Francisco, Donald Louria, a professor at New Jersey Medical School in Newark said advances in using genes as well as nanotechnology (纳米技术) make it likely that humans will live in the future beyond what has been possible in the past. "There is a great push so that people can live from I20 to 180 years," he said. "Some have suggested that there is no limit and that people could live to 200 or 300 or 500 years."
However, many scientists who specialize in ageing are doubtful about it and say the human body is just not designed to last past about 120 years. Even with healthier lifestyles and less disease, they say failure of the brain and organs will finally lead all humans to death.
Scientists also differ on what kind of life the super aged might live. "It remains to be seen if you pass 120, you know; could you be healthy enough to have good quality of life?" said Leonard Poon, director of the University of Georgia Gerontology Centre. "At present people who could get to that point are not in good health at all."
64. By saying "we are knocking at the door of immortality", Michael Zey means _______.?A. they believe that there is no limit of living?B. they are sure to find the truth about long living?C. they have got some ideas about living forever?D. they are able to make people live past the present life span65. Donald Louria’s attitude towards long living is that _______.?A. people can live from 120 to 180?B. it is still doubtful how long humans can live?C. the human body is designed to last past about 120 years?D. it is possible for humans to live longer in the future66. The underlined "it" ( paragraph 4 ) refers to ________.?A. a great push?B. the idea of living beyond the present life span?C. the idea of living from 200 to 300 years?D. the conservative estimate67. What would be the best title for this text??A. Living Longer or Not
B. Science, Technology and Long Living?C. No Limit for Human Life
D. Healthy Lifestyle and Long Living
D
The year is 2094. It has been announced that a comet (彗星) is heading towards the Earth . Most of it will miss our planet, but two pieces will probably hit the southern half of the Earth. On 17 July , a piece four kilometers wide enters the Earth’s atmosphere (大气层) with a massive explosion. About half of the piece is destroyed, but the remaining part hits the South Atlantic at 200 times the speed of sound. The sea boils and a huge hole is made in the sea bed. Huge waves are created and spread outwards from the hole. The wall of water, a kilometer high, rushes towards southern Africa at 800 kilometers an hour. Cities on the African coast are totally destroyed and millions of people re drowned.
Before the waves reach South America, the second piece of the comet lands in Argentina. Earthquakes and volcanoes are set off in the Andes Mountains. The shock waves move north into California and all around the Pacific Ocean. The cities of Los Angeles, San Francisco and Tokyo are completely destroyed by earthquakes. Millions of people in the southern half of the earth are already dead, but the north won’t escape for long. Because of the explosions, the sun is hidden by clouds of dust, temperatures around the world fall to almost zero.Crops are ruined. The sun won’t be seen again for many years. Wars break out as countries fight for food. A year later, no more than 10 million people remain alive.
Could it really happen? In fact, it has already happened more than once in the history of the Earth. The dinosaurs were on the Earth for over 160 million years. Then 65 million years ago they suddenly disappeared. Many scientists believe that the Earth was hit by a piece of object in space. The dinosaurs couldn’t live through the cold climate that followed and they died out. Will we meet the same end?
68. What is mainly described in the passage?? A. A historic discovery.?
B. An event of imagination.? C. A research on space.?
D. A scientific adventure.69. When the first piece hits the South Atlantic, it causes??________.? A. an earthquake
B. damages to cities ? C. an Earth explosion
D. huge waves70. Why can’t the northern half of the earth escape for long??A. Because the land is covered with water.?B. Because the light and heat from the sun can not reach the earth.?C. Because people there can not live at the temperature of zero.?D. Because wars break out among countries.71. By giving the example of dinosaurs, the author tries to prove?________.?A. animals could not live in the cold climate ?B. what happened 65 million years ago was an invented story ?C. the human beings will die out in 2094?D. the Earth could be hit by other objects in space
E
During the 19th century, scientists found that when certain parts of a person’s brain were injured, he would lose the power to do certain things. And so, people thought that each part of the brain does a different job. But modern research has discovered that this is not so, for it is not easy to show exactly what each part of the brain does.
In the past fifty years there has been a great increase in the amount of research done on the brain. Scientists have found out that the way the brain work is not so simple as people in general may think. Chemists tell us that about 100 000 chemical changes take place in the brain every second. Some recent researches also suggest that we can remember everything that happens to us. We may not be able to think of the things we have heard and seen, but it is all kept there in the storehouse of the human mind.
Earlier scientists thought that the power of one’s brain got weaker and weaker as one grew older. But it is now thought that that’s not true. As long as the brain is given plenty of exercise, it keeps its power. It has been proved that an old person who has always been active in the mind has a quicker mind than a young person who has only done physical work without using much of his brain.
72. In the 19th century, scientists found that a person would lose the power to do certain things .
A. when he had drunk too much
B. if certain parts of his brain were hurt
C. after he did a quite different job
D. if he had been greatly frightened
73. It has been found that the brain usually works .
A. in a fairly complicated（复杂）way
B. a little now and a little then
C. without any rest all day long
D, in a very simple way
74. Which of the following is not true?
A. Scientists are working hard to solve（解决）the mysteries of the brain.
B. As many as six million changes take place in the brain every minute.
C. A young man doing physical labour is sure to have a much slower mind.
D. Even an old man may have a quick mind only if his brain is given much exercise.
75. The more work our brains have, .
A. the less result we will gain
B. the more tired they will feel
C. the weaker their power will get
D. the more work they are able to do
五、书面表达 (满分15分)
请根据下图提示，用英语写一篇短文。先简要描写下图，然后再发表你自己的看法和意见。
?
注意：
1．词数：100左右
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯
3．参考词汇：孤独（寂寞）get lonely
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
参考答案及重点解析
一、基础过关(每小题1分，满分20分)
A. 单词拼写
1. requires 2. private 3. sight 4. lack 5. toothache 6. master 7. surroundings 8. switches 9. length 10. vehicle
B. 句型转换
11. As a result 12. visited, was considered 13. in no time 14. find my way, because 15. don’t you
C. 完成句子
16. takes up 17. reminded me of 18. caught sight of; out of sight 19. swept up 20. speeded up
二、单项填空
21—25 CCADD 26—30 BDBCA 31—35 ABCBC
重点解析：
21. take on 开始从事、雇用、具有；take away拿走、拿开、使离开；take up 选学(课程)、开始、占用；take after 长得像。根据句意，选C项。
24. first作名词用时，其前通常加the，作副词用时，其前不加the。从句意和句子结构看，第一空需要副词作状语，第二空需要名词作表语。故选D。
25. understanding可用作不可数名词，意思是“理解力、智力、洞察力”，又可用作可数名词，意思是“对(某事物的)意思、重要性或原因的了解”。本句意思为：当你读完这本书之后，你将会对人生又一种更好的理解。故选D。27. 依据语义，排除injury(伤害)和wound(伤口)。ache指持续不断的疼痛，多和身体部位的词构成复合词;pain多指由于身体或感情的痛苦引起的痛。
29. 句意为：我周围数英里之内，除了沙漠之外，什么都没有，连一棵植物或树都看不到。故选用in sight(在视野内)。
30. catch sight of看见；lose sight of看不见；raise one’s sight提高要求；眼光变高；lower one’s sight降低要求；眼光变低。根据句意，选A。
33. 从前一句看，凶手还没有抓到，因此无法审问，排除B；search用作及物动词时，意思是“搜查某地或搜身”，其后直接跟表示房屋、人身、衣服等的名词作宾语；search for用于表示“寻找或搜索某人或某物”，for后接被寻找的人或物。search for与句意一致，故选C。
34. require作“需要”解时，其后接动名词的主动式或不定式的被动式，首先排除A、C项；need作情态动词用时，其后接动词原形，不可接to do。故选B。
35.全句意思为：我并不相信年龄大的人总是英明的，这取决于人以及他或她的经历。
三、完形填空 (每小题1分，满分20分)
36—40 BBACD 41—45 CAADD 46—50 BCCBB 51—55 ADADC
重点解析：
36. 依据文章第一句确定答案为B。
37. familiar的常见搭配为：1) sb be familiar with …(某人)对…熟悉；(某人)对…精通；(某人)与…亲密；2) be familiar to sb 为…某人所熟悉。
39. 从句意及上下文看，应该使用表示“挑选”意思的chose。
40. 此处应该使用表示转折意思的连词。故选D。
41. 第41题和第42题联起来考虑，就不难选出答案。
43. 从结构上看，此处是过去分词作定语；从搭配上看，它与其修饰的time和其后的on构成固定搭配，故选A。spend time on sth意思是“花时间做某事”。
46. play games玩游戏。
48. 从结构上看，此处需要连词，故选C项。如果选用A项，其后应该使用逗号。
49. 此处需要连词，连接两个谓语，but表示转折，or表示选择。从句意看，应该使用表示选择的连词。故选B。
四、阅读理解 (每小题1.5分，满分30分)
56—60 DAACC 61—65 BBDCD 66—70 BABDB 71—75 DBACD
重点解析：
56. 此题难度不大。第1、2段给出了小汽车的优势：占地少，污染小，驾驶安全，价格低廉。A、B、C项都有，故选D。
57. 这种小型汽车（little cars）有优势，但也有弱点（比如车速），所以将来要有两种汽车道并存，两种汽车道路，其目的在于“各行其道，避免车祸”。A为正确答案。
59. 文章主要是对未来的汽车而做的种种设想。因此 “Cars for Tomorrow”为最佳标题。A项没表达出作者的意旨，因而不好。
60. 探险者在月球上发现了很多“月球人”居住的地下城市，从而感到惊奇。
61. 第二段最后一句是“月球人”提出的问题，现在人们正在考虑这一问题的可行性。
62. 从文中 “Underground systems are already in place.” “Many cities have underground car parks.” “Many cities have underground car parks.” 和 “The Chunnel, a tunnel connecting England and France, is now complete.” 三句话可知答案。
63. 短文提出了一个充分利用地下空间的问题：向地下发展。
64. 综合短文第二段的内容可知答案为C。
65. 从短文第三段Donald Louria所说的话，可知其对改问题的看法。故选D。
66. 联系上下文，很明显可以看出 “it”指的是 “the idea of living beyond the present life span”。
67. 通读全文，可知该短文是对未来长寿的讨论，故最佳题目为 “Living Longer or Not”。68. 从全文可以看出，这是发生在2094年，一颗彗星将要撞击地球的设想事件。故选B。
69. 由第二段的信息句：About half of the piece is destroyed, … in the sea bed . Huge waves are created and spread outwards from the hole.可以看出答案为D。
70. 由第三段的信息句：…but the north won’t escape for long . Because of the explosions , the sun is hidden by clouds of dust, …可以看出答案为B。D选项不正确，因为文中的信息句为：Wars break out as countries fight for food.
71. 由最后一段，特别是信息句：Many scientists believe that the Earth was hit by a piece of object in space.可以看出答案为D。
72. 此题考查细节理解。文章第一句是答案所在。
73. 此题考查第二段段落大意。第二句是主题句(topic sentence)，因此答案为A。
74. 此题属判断是非题。文章第三段中说到“积极思维的老人比只干体力活而不动脑的年轻人反应更快”，而C选项的意思是“从事体力劳动的年轻人一定反应迟钝”，不符合原文。
75. 此题考查深层含义。第三段第三句说“脑子只要得到足够的锻炼，就会保持其能力”。由此可推知答案为D。
五、书面表达 (满分15分)
One possible version:
It is the old man’s birthday today. Now he is sitting on a sofa alone. Maybe his wife has been dead. On the right side is a big birthday cake sent by his son. And there are also some presents given by his daughter on the left. Yet the old man doesn’t feel happy. Instead, he looks very sad because he is lonely.
Our life is getting better and better than before. Some people think that old people will be satisfied as long as they have enough to eat and drink. I think they are quite wrong. Old people easily get lonely because they have no work to do. So we should spend time together with them and take care of them in every possible way.