模块1 Unit 4 Earthquakes [上学期]

(共27张PPT)
before the earthquake of Tangshan
1. Imagine your home begins to shake, what will you do
2. If there is time for you to take only one thing, what will you take Why
Click the picture
Wells
rose and fell, had deep cracks; smelly gas came out of it.
Chickens
and pigs
were too nervous to eat.
Mice
Fish
The sky
ran out of the fields, looking for places to hide.
Jumped out of bowls and ponds.
bright lights and the sound of
planes were seen and heard.
Water pipes
cracked and burst.
People
Thought little of these events.
3. What do you think may happen before an earthquake
1976年7月28日凌晨3时42分56秒,我国河北省唐山市发生了一次7.8级强烈地震。这次震惊世界的"7.28"大劫难,是中国历史上一次罕见的地震灾害,也是迄今400多年来世界地震。据地震专家测定，这次地震所释放的能量为3.2×1017焦耳，相当于1000万吨级核弹的爆炸力，是广岛原子弹能量的400倍。整个华北大地都在剧烈地颤动，地震有感范围波及全国 14个省市自治区。总面积约相当于国土面积的1/3，其中，陆地面积约为217万平方公里，占全国总面积的23%。
唐山大地震，是迄今为止四百多年世界地震史上最悲惨的一页。242,769个震亡，164,851人重伤，截瘫患者3817人，失去父母的孤儿4204人，7200多家庭全家丧生。强烈的地震冲击波，横扫着唐山市的地面建筑，市区原有 1348万平方米的建筑，倒塌破坏面积达1311万平方米，破坏率达95.8%。居民住宅的破坏更为严重，破坏率达到 97.25%。唐山就这样坍成了一片砖头瓦砾、断壁残垣。
地震使铁路和公路交通遭到严重破坏。京山、通坨铁路线路204公里遭到严重破坏，笔直的钢轨，大段大段地出现蛇形扭曲，或由于路基下沉呈波浪状起伏，部分铁轨扭曲折叠在一起。铁路桥梁破坏63座，铁路房屋倒塌73%，沿线信号、给水、电力等运输设备遭到严重破坏。地震对公路的破坏占唐山公路总里程的80%，桥梁破坏占62%。地震造成的公路路面开裂和断陷，裂缝最宽达1米，垂直落差达1 .6米。

地震使大部分农田水利设施被毁，农田喷沙冒水，机井坍塌，井管折断，水库大坝出现裂缝。据统计，由于地震喷沙毁坏农田 150万亩，占耕地总面积的 20%；损坏机井近 4万眼，占总数的73.04%；5座大中型水库开裂滑塌，240座小水库震坏。砸死大牲畜3.6万头,猪44.2万多头。
地震使工业生产遭到严重破坏，震前 1000余万平方米工业建筑 80%倒塌或严重破坏，工业生产设备损坏率达 56%，整个城市几乎见不到一座起立的烟囱，工业企业全部停产。
唐山地区总的直接经济损失达54.48亿元。北京、天津及河北省的一些县也遭到不同程度的损失
面对如此严重的灾害，党和政府迅速采取和实施了国家级的救灾对策，实行以解放军为主体，各专业抢险救灾队伍大力协同；现场救护和以邻近的轻灾区及外省市为强大后方的救援体制，展开了大规模的抗震救灾工作。

destroyed buildings and houses
The cracked ground
-
The hills became rivers
The destroyed bridges
The railway tracks
Destroyed houses
People
2/3 of the people died or injured (400,000) ; Thousands of families were killed;
Many children became orphans.
animals Tens of thousands of cows never give milk;
Half a million pigs and millions of chickens died.
equipments All hospitals, 75% of factories and buildings,
90% of the homes were gone;
Dams and bridges fell or became not safe;
Railway tracks were useless;
Wells were filled with sand;
Water, food and electricity were hard to get.
The loss of Tangshan Earthquake in 1976
foods and clothing for the survivors
Buses couldn’t get there, how could we help them
urgent rescuing of the people
Paragraph1:
Paragraph2:
Paragraph3:
The great earthquake the city of Tangshan and
shocked the people.
The government sent the army to help the survivors,
bringing hope for a new life.
Before the earthquake, strange things happened, but
people thought little of them / take no notice of them.
Divide this passage into three Paragraphs and write down the main idea of each Paragraph:
The army came to help
them.
2. Before the earthquake
the people didn’t
worry because
B. The quake happened
while they were sleeping.
C
E
3. Such a great number
of people died because
1. The chickens didn’t
eat because
B
C. They were nervous.
4. Water was needed
D. Dams and wells were
useless.
D
5. The people didn’t
lose hope because
E. They didn’t know the
quake caused the
strange events.
A
1. Join the correct parts of the sentences.
The walls of the village wells had
cracks in them.
Shelters were put up for those with no homes.
Roads got huge cracks.
Brick buildings were destroyed.
The army helped the survivors.
Arrange the following in the order of the things happened during the Tangshan earthquake:
New Tangshan（1）
New Tangshan（2）
New Tangshan（3）
2. What will you do if an earthquake happens
1. How can we reduce the loss of the earthquake
Don’t build houses along the lines where two of the
earth’s plates join together.
3) A driver should slow down the car or bus then stop driving, a passenger should catch the armrest tightly.
2) Build houses on rock not on sand.
3) Make the houses as strong as possible.
4) Experience, forecasts and technology are very important.
If you stay indoors, you may hide under a desk or other
furniture, in the corner, in a small kitchen or a toilet.
It’s dangerous to jump downstairs.
2) If you stay outdoors, keep away from the electrical
lines and walls, run to the open field(旷野)。
制定家庭防震计划 须根据政府或有关部门的防震要求，
准备食品和饮料。检查并及时消除家里
不利防震的隐患，加固住房。 检查和加固住房 看一看自家住房是怎样的，有没有不利
抗震的地方？摸清周围环境的情况。 住房的建造质量好不好？是否年久失修？
不利抗震的房屋要加固，不宜加固的危房要撤离。
房的结构是否有利抗震？女儿墙、
高门脸等笨重的装饰物应拆掉。
Earthquakes are terrible. But we
must help ourselves! Nothing in
the world is impossible for a
united human society!
1. Finish Ex1-3 P23 discovering useful words and expressions.
2. Surf the internet to learn more about
Homework
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