unit1 grammar[下学期]
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| 名称 | unit1 grammar[下学期] |  | |
| 格式 | rar | ||
| 文件大小 | 1.1MB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（新课程标准） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2007-05-24 10:10:00 | ||
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课件32张PPT。Subject---Verb Agreement
(主谓一致)语法一致就近原则
意义一致
就远原则“主语+ 附属结构” 作主语，谓语与主语一致即主语是单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式，主语是复数形式，谓语也用复数形式。即主语形式上为单数，但意义为复数，
因此谓语动词用复数形式；或主语形式
上为复数，但表示单数意义，这时谓语
动词用单数形式。即谓语动词用单数形式还是用复数形式，
取决于最靠近他的主语。语法一致：1.当主语由and连接时，如果表示同一人或同一物时，谓语动词用单数，此时and后面的名词无冠词。
如 表示不同的人或物时, 谓语动词用复数，此时and后面的名词有冠词。The worker and writer ____(be) from Wuhan.
那个工人兼作家
The worker and the writer _____(be) from Beijing.
那位工人和那位作家 isareThe League secretary and monitor ___ asked to make
a speech at the meeting. A. is B. was C. are D. were答案B. 注： 先从时态上考虑。这是过去发生的事情应用过去时，先排除A.，C。
本题易误选D，因为The League secretary and monitor 好象是两个人，但仔细辨
别， monitor 前没有the，在英语中，当一人兼数职时只在第一个职务前加定冠
词。后面的职务用and 相连。这样本题主语为一个人，所以应选B。The gift is used to have western meals.
What is it?a knife and forkA knife and fork___ used to have meals.isa singer and dancer
The singer and dancer _____ on the stage.isGoing out for a walk after supper is a good habit.
晚饭后出去散步是一个好习惯。
To see is to believe.
眼见为实。
Whether we’ll go depends on the weather.
我们是否去要取决于天气的好坏。
2.动词不定式(短语), 动名词(短语), 或从句作主语时, 谓语
动词常用单数。例如： Something ____ (has / have) gone wrong with my watch.
Anybody who _______ ( break / breaks) the rule
will be punished. 3.不定代词somebody, someone, something, anybody, anything, everybody, everyone, everything, nobody, no one, nothing等作主语，
谓语动词用单数形式;hasbreaksTwo pictures ______ on the wall, which attract many people.
On the wall _____ two pictures, which attract many people.
Their teacher ______ among the students, who is in her thirties.
Among the students _____ their teacher, who is in her thirties.4.倒装句中的语法一致arearestandsstands5、由分数或百分数+名词作主语时，谓语动词的 形式与of 后面的名词的数一致 即分数或百分数+of+不可数名词或单数名词， 谓语动词用单数 分数或百分数+of+复数名词，谓语动词用复数Ten percent of the pupils _____ absent today.
Three-fourths of the surface of the earth ____ sea.areis 1.由集体名词,如group, family, class, government, team, public, enemy, crowd, audience, club, party, crew等作主语时,如果看成一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式,如果看成其中各成员，则用复数形式.
His family is very large. 他家是一个大家庭。
His family are music lovers. 他的家人都是音乐爱好者。
意义一致：The group ____ made up of nine students.The group____ dancing happily.isareThe team ____ some good players. (have)
The team ____ handsome. (be)hasare Choose the correct verb form to complete the following sentences.1.The research group (is, are) made up of five people. 2.What (do, does) the group want for their lunch?3.Our family (is, are) not poor any more.4.He has to worry. His family (is, are) waiting for him.5.The class (is, are) more than forty in number.isdoisareis6.The class (have, has) disagreed among themselves about where they should go and have a picnic. 7.The government (has, have) spent more than two million yuan in planting trees.8.The city government ( has, have) different opinions about next year’s plan. havehashave注意：但集体名词为 people, police, cattle等在任何情况下谓语动词都用复数形式。9.The police________ (is, are) searching for
the thief.areNeither dog _____ big. ( A. is B. are )Neither of them _____ big. ( A. is B. are ) A Neither of the rabbits _____ handsome.. ( A. is B. are )A / BNeither rabbit _____ handsome. ( A. is B. are )AA / B＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿2.代词作主语neither of
none of不可数名词+可数名词neither + 单数名词 谓语动词用单数或复数How to use none and neither谓语动词用单数谓语动词用单数3.Neither of us ________ (was/were) ready when the party began.
4. None of them ________ (has/have) watched the talk show.have/haswas/were 1.None of these people ___ doctors.
A. has B. have C. are D. was
2.Neither of them ___ a good singer.
A. was B. is C. were D. is used to beCB3.表示时间、距离、金钱等复数名词作主语，表达一个整体概念时, 谓语动词则用单数形式;
Two years ______ passed since I left Ningbo;
One million dollars ______ a great sum of money.Every means ______ been tried since then.
has B. have C. are D. is
2. No news ____ good news. (is / are)
3. Maths / physics _____ the subject that I like most. (is / are)4.以-s 结尾的名词本身不表示复数意义，谓语通常用单数形式，如news, maths, physics, the United States ,works等作主语, 谓语动词用单数形式;hasisisishas5.the＋adj.作主语the＋adj.,表示一类人，谓语动词用复数，如the old, the young, the rich, the poor等
the+ adj.,表示某个人或一类抽象的事物，谓语动词用单数，如the beautiful, the good等
The old ____ taken good care of in our society.
The rich ____ for the decision but the poor are against it.
The wounded ____ a young boy.
The beautiful ____not always the same as the good.arearewasis
e.g. Tom is one of the students who_____ good at playing football.
Tom is the only one of the students who____ good at playing football.areis[注意]在“one of+复数名词+关系代词” 的结构中，定语从句中谓语动词用复 数形式；但是若前有the only, 将其限定为只有一个时,谓语动词用单数形式. A or B
Not A but B
Either A or B
Neither A nor B
Not only A but also B
Verb就近原则：1. 我们教室里有一台电视机和56张桌子.
There are 56 desks and one television in our classroom.
There is one television and 56 desks in our classroom.存在句: There be ……. 结构 Here
There+Verb A and B A , B and C
Not only you but also he ____ wrong. (is/are)Neither you nor he ___ right. (is/are)There ___ two shops and a cinema beside the railway station. (is/are)Here __ a map and a handbook for you. (is/are)isisareis＿＿＿＿＿＿______＿1．One or two days ____ enough to see the city．
A．is B．are
C．am D．be 2．Not the teacher，but the students ____ looking forward to seeing the film．
A．is B．are
C．am D．be3. Not only I but also Jane and Mary ____ tired of having one examination after another．
A. is B. are C．am D．be4. Neither my wife nor I myself ____ able to persuade my daughter to change her mind．
A．is B. are C．am D．be5. Either she or you_________ going to visit Beijing.
A. is B. are C．am D．be6. Many a man___ the story. A. believes B. believe
7.More than one man ___died in the accident. A. has B. have
8.More than five men ___died in the accident. A. has B. have AAB当主语后面跟有as well as, as much as, no less than,
along with,with ,like, rather than, together with , but ,
except, besides, ,including等引导的词组时，其谓语动词的
单、复数由主语的单、复数而定。1. The teacher with two students ______ at the meeting . (was / were)
2.E-mail, as well as the telephones, ________ an
important part in daily communication.A. is playing B. have played C. are playing D. play wasA就远原则
A
谓语动词与第一个主语A保持一致
All but one ______(be) here just now.
A library with five thousand books ___(be) offered to the nation as a gift.
A peasant together with some soldiers ____(be) about to help us.with
along with
together with
besides
but
except
including
as well as
rather than
Bwereisis1．Nobody but Betty and Mary ____ late for class yesterday．
A．was B．were
C．has been D．have been
2．A woman with some children ____ soon．
A．is coming B．are coming
C．has come D．have come
3. Everything, including the clothes, ____ stolen that evening.
A. is B. was C. are D. were7．No one except my parents ____ anything about this。
A．know B．knows
C．is known D．are known
8．The teacher as well as the students ____ the book already．
A．has read B．have read
C．are reading D．is reading
9．All but one ____ in the accident．
A．was killed B．were killed
C．will be killed D．are killed The necklace
The story happened in Paris. One day , Peter together with his wife, ___ invited to a ball at the palace. Both of them ____ very glad to accept the invitation . Not only a new dress but also some jewellery ____ needed. But the family ____ not a rich one, they only could offer to buy a dress. So a diamond necklace ____ borrowed from his wife’s friend Jane. But neither of them _________ told that the necklace ____ not a real diamond one. waswerewaswaswaswaswas/wereThey went to the ball. On their way home,
they found all but the necklace ____not lost.
A lot of money ____ borrowed ,and a new
diamond necklace ____ bought. To pay off
the debts , the couple had to work day and
night. Butter and bread ___ their daily food.
Ten years ___ a long time, but at last they
paid off all their debts. When his wife met
Jane in the park , she ____told the fact. The necklace she borrowed from Jane ____ only worth 500 francs.waswerewaswaswaswaswas HomeworkFinish workbook page 43 using structures 1 and
page 44 using structures 2.
(主谓一致)语法一致就近原则
意义一致
就远原则“主语+ 附属结构” 作主语，谓语与主语一致即主语是单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式，主语是复数形式，谓语也用复数形式。即主语形式上为单数，但意义为复数，
因此谓语动词用复数形式；或主语形式
上为复数，但表示单数意义，这时谓语
动词用单数形式。即谓语动词用单数形式还是用复数形式，
取决于最靠近他的主语。语法一致：1.当主语由and连接时，如果表示同一人或同一物时，谓语动词用单数，此时and后面的名词无冠词。
如 表示不同的人或物时, 谓语动词用复数，此时and后面的名词有冠词。The worker and writer ____(be) from Wuhan.
那个工人兼作家
The worker and the writer _____(be) from Beijing.
那位工人和那位作家 isareThe League secretary and monitor ___ asked to make
a speech at the meeting. A. is B. was C. are D. were答案B. 注： 先从时态上考虑。这是过去发生的事情应用过去时，先排除A.，C。
本题易误选D，因为The League secretary and monitor 好象是两个人，但仔细辨
别， monitor 前没有the，在英语中，当一人兼数职时只在第一个职务前加定冠
词。后面的职务用and 相连。这样本题主语为一个人，所以应选B。The gift is used to have western meals.
What is it?a knife and forkA knife and fork___ used to have meals.isa singer and dancer
The singer and dancer _____ on the stage.isGoing out for a walk after supper is a good habit.
晚饭后出去散步是一个好习惯。
To see is to believe.
眼见为实。
Whether we’ll go depends on the weather.
我们是否去要取决于天气的好坏。
2.动词不定式(短语), 动名词(短语), 或从句作主语时, 谓语
动词常用单数。例如： Something ____ (has / have) gone wrong with my watch.
Anybody who _______ ( break / breaks) the rule
will be punished. 3.不定代词somebody, someone, something, anybody, anything, everybody, everyone, everything, nobody, no one, nothing等作主语，
谓语动词用单数形式;hasbreaksTwo pictures ______ on the wall, which attract many people.
On the wall _____ two pictures, which attract many people.
Their teacher ______ among the students, who is in her thirties.
Among the students _____ their teacher, who is in her thirties.4.倒装句中的语法一致arearestandsstands5、由分数或百分数+名词作主语时，谓语动词的 形式与of 后面的名词的数一致 即分数或百分数+of+不可数名词或单数名词， 谓语动词用单数 分数或百分数+of+复数名词，谓语动词用复数Ten percent of the pupils _____ absent today.
Three-fourths of the surface of the earth ____ sea.areis 1.由集体名词,如group, family, class, government, team, public, enemy, crowd, audience, club, party, crew等作主语时,如果看成一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式,如果看成其中各成员，则用复数形式.
His family is very large. 他家是一个大家庭。
His family are music lovers. 他的家人都是音乐爱好者。
意义一致：The group ____ made up of nine students.The group____ dancing happily.isareThe team ____ some good players. (have)
The team ____ handsome. (be)hasare Choose the correct verb form to complete the following sentences.1.The research group (is, are) made up of five people. 2.What (do, does) the group want for their lunch?3.Our family (is, are) not poor any more.4.He has to worry. His family (is, are) waiting for him.5.The class (is, are) more than forty in number.isdoisareis6.The class (have, has) disagreed among themselves about where they should go and have a picnic. 7.The government (has, have) spent more than two million yuan in planting trees.8.The city government ( has, have) different opinions about next year’s plan. havehashave注意：但集体名词为 people, police, cattle等在任何情况下谓语动词都用复数形式。9.The police________ (is, are) searching for
the thief.areNeither dog _____ big. ( A. is B. are )Neither of them _____ big. ( A. is B. are ) A Neither of the rabbits _____ handsome.. ( A. is B. are )A / BNeither rabbit _____ handsome. ( A. is B. are )AA / B＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿2.代词作主语neither of
none of不可数名词+可数名词neither + 单数名词 谓语动词用单数或复数How to use none and neither谓语动词用单数谓语动词用单数3.Neither of us ________ (was/were) ready when the party began.
4. None of them ________ (has/have) watched the talk show.have/haswas/were 1.None of these people ___ doctors.
A. has B. have C. are D. was
2.Neither of them ___ a good singer.
A. was B. is C. were D. is used to beCB3.表示时间、距离、金钱等复数名词作主语，表达一个整体概念时, 谓语动词则用单数形式;
Two years ______ passed since I left Ningbo;
One million dollars ______ a great sum of money.Every means ______ been tried since then.
has B. have C. are D. is
2. No news ____ good news. (is / are)
3. Maths / physics _____ the subject that I like most. (is / are)4.以-s 结尾的名词本身不表示复数意义，谓语通常用单数形式，如news, maths, physics, the United States ,works等作主语, 谓语动词用单数形式;hasisisishas5.the＋adj.作主语the＋adj.,表示一类人，谓语动词用复数，如the old, the young, the rich, the poor等
the+ adj.,表示某个人或一类抽象的事物，谓语动词用单数，如the beautiful, the good等
The old ____ taken good care of in our society.
The rich ____ for the decision but the poor are against it.
The wounded ____ a young boy.
The beautiful ____not always the same as the good.arearewasis
e.g. Tom is one of the students who_____ good at playing football.
Tom is the only one of the students who____ good at playing football.areis[注意]在“one of+复数名词+关系代词” 的结构中，定语从句中谓语动词用复 数形式；但是若前有the only, 将其限定为只有一个时,谓语动词用单数形式. A or B
Not A but B
Either A or B
Neither A nor B
Not only A but also B
Verb就近原则：1. 我们教室里有一台电视机和56张桌子.
There are 56 desks and one television in our classroom.
There is one television and 56 desks in our classroom.存在句: There be ……. 结构 Here
There+Verb A and B A , B and C
Not only you but also he ____ wrong. (is/are)Neither you nor he ___ right. (is/are)There ___ two shops and a cinema beside the railway station. (is/are)Here __ a map and a handbook for you. (is/are)isisareis＿＿＿＿＿＿______＿1．One or two days ____ enough to see the city．
A．is B．are
C．am D．be 2．Not the teacher，but the students ____ looking forward to seeing the film．
A．is B．are
C．am D．be3. Not only I but also Jane and Mary ____ tired of having one examination after another．
A. is B. are C．am D．be4. Neither my wife nor I myself ____ able to persuade my daughter to change her mind．
A．is B. are C．am D．be5. Either she or you_________ going to visit Beijing.
A. is B. are C．am D．be6. Many a man___ the story. A. believes B. believe
7.More than one man ___died in the accident. A. has B. have
8.More than five men ___died in the accident. A. has B. have AAB当主语后面跟有as well as, as much as, no less than,
along with,with ,like, rather than, together with , but ,
except, besides, ,including等引导的词组时，其谓语动词的
单、复数由主语的单、复数而定。1. The teacher with two students ______ at the meeting . (was / were)
2.E-mail, as well as the telephones, ________ an
important part in daily communication.A. is playing B. have played C. are playing D. play wasA就远原则
A
谓语动词与第一个主语A保持一致
All but one ______(be) here just now.
A library with five thousand books ___(be) offered to the nation as a gift.
A peasant together with some soldiers ____(be) about to help us.with
along with
together with
besides
but
except
including
as well as
rather than
Bwereisis1．Nobody but Betty and Mary ____ late for class yesterday．
A．was B．were
C．has been D．have been
2．A woman with some children ____ soon．
A．is coming B．are coming
C．has come D．have come
3. Everything, including the clothes, ____ stolen that evening.
A. is B. was C. are D. were7．No one except my parents ____ anything about this。
A．know B．knows
C．is known D．are known
8．The teacher as well as the students ____ the book already．
A．has read B．have read
C．are reading D．is reading
9．All but one ____ in the accident．
A．was killed B．were killed
C．will be killed D．are killed The necklace
The story happened in Paris. One day , Peter together with his wife, ___ invited to a ball at the palace. Both of them ____ very glad to accept the invitation . Not only a new dress but also some jewellery ____ needed. But the family ____ not a rich one, they only could offer to buy a dress. So a diamond necklace ____ borrowed from his wife’s friend Jane. But neither of them _________ told that the necklace ____ not a real diamond one. waswerewaswaswaswaswas/wereThey went to the ball. On their way home,
they found all but the necklace ____not lost.
A lot of money ____ borrowed ,and a new
diamond necklace ____ bought. To pay off
the debts , the couple had to work day and
night. Butter and bread ___ their daily food.
Ten years ___ a long time, but at last they
paid off all their debts. When his wife met
Jane in the park , she ____told the fact. The necklace she borrowed from Jane ____ only worth 500 francs.waswerewaswaswaswaswas HomeworkFinish workbook page 43 using structures 1 and
page 44 using structures 2.