（教师用）高三英语第1单元知识归纳与相关高考试题[上学期]

1【区别】including, included ,contain
〖练习〗
The basket contains a variety of fruits.
The money I gave you includes Xiao Zhang’s.
Everybody has something to say,me included .
There are ten of us here, including three girls.
2【区别】beard与mustache
beard指（下巴上的）胡须； mustache指嘴唇上的胡子
3【区别】human/person与people
human 指“人/人类”，person指个体的“人”，一般用于具体数目的人，可以 有单数或复数形式，
people“人，人们“着重指人的集体。没有复数形式，但people本身有复数含义。
a people 一个民族；a person一个人
〖练习〗
Are robots as clever as humans ?
A lot of people go to the cinema every evening.
People say that we shall have another war soon.
Six persons saw the robber as he rushed out of the bank.
4．【词组】be set in以…为背景
The TV play is set in the countryside.这部电视剧是以农村为背景的。
5【单词】then
then 不是连词，不能连接2个句子成分
then只用于能够使主句引起结果的时间状语从句后，不能用于其他时间状语从句之后
〖改错〗1)We took a bus to the railway station then caught a train to Shenyang.
（更正：We took a bus to the railway station,and then caught a train to Shenyang.
2)（错句）After the child is born,then I shall help them financially.（经济上帮助他们）
（更正）After the child is born,I shall help them financially.
3)（正确句）When you have seen my family,then you’ll know why I work so hard.
6.【单词】settle解决 ，决定vt.
The internal affairs of each country should be settled by its own people.各国的内部事务应该由各国人民自己去解决。
做“解决“讲，settle的宾语可以是matter/affair/question等，但不能是problem.，一般讲：
solve the problem
7.【单词】conclude 结束
sb. concludes sth. with…某人以…结束…
The speech/meeting concludes with……在…中结束。（表示“演讲/会议”的结束时不用被动）
2)conclude的否定形式：conclude not to : 我们决定不去海滨远足We concluded not to have a trip to the seaside.
8.【单词】such的注意点
许多这样的人： many such people
这样的一本字典： one such dictionary
所有这种可能性 all such possibilities
如此匆忙： in such a hurry
〖改错〗
（错句）It was such a result that I had never imagined.
(改正)It was such a result as I had never imagined.
9【词组】set down记下，登记，记载
2）放下，把…归功于，把…看作
Set down our achievements to the correct leadership of the Party.
Set sb. down as a knave.把某人看作恶棍。
10.【词组】keep track of记录/保持对…的联系
Keep track of every cent one spends.记录花掉的每一分钱。
11【词组】
put into operation使运转/使运动； put into effect使生效
put aside把…放在一边/存储…备用
put down镇压，击败，记下
put away把…收起来，放好；put back推迟，阻碍
put forward提出 ,put through（把电话）接通，完成（一项工作）
put up to纵容，教唆 ；?put up with忍耐
12.【词组】 an amount of大量 ; the amount of 表示“…的数量”
后面都接不可数名词，动词用单数。
13．【词组】stand out显眼/出色
14.【单词】impressive给人印象深刻的，感人的
难忘的场面：an impressive scene
impress on/upon给某人极深的印象
15．【单词】as作“虽然/尽管”讲，引导让步状语从句：
尽管很累，他们还是继续走着。 Tired as they were ,they walked on.
尽管他是个孩子，但他知道的事情很多。 Child as he is， he knows a lot.
16.【区别】row,line与column
row作“一排”讲，通常指横队，横行，可指人也可指物
line作“一行”讲，纵横都可以，可以指人，也可以指别的东西
column作“一队”讲，通常指纵队，也可以是数字/单词的纵行
例如：wait in a line to get on the bus排队等着上公共汽车
a column of threes /fours 三路（四路）纵队
17.【词组】、
give place to 让位于…，被…所代替； know one’s place识相/知趣
out of place 不合适的，不恰当的； place of interest名胜
〖区别〗place,station,situation,position,post与site
place 位置，一般用语
situation位置，指境遇/地位，特指书记/教师/家仆/雇员等的地位或位置
situation指物的位置与其他物的关系；position指物自己的位置，没有比较
The position of a city on a map.
post位置，职位，指负有一定职务的地位
site 位置，指建筑物/都会 等的位置
18【词组】
as a result (of) 作为(…的)结果； 2）result from ?起因于/由来于
result in导致
19【区别】result ,effect 与influence
result 作“结果/影响”讲指某一行为，计划或事件带来的直接的后果等
effect作“结果/影响”讲，指某一行动，计划、事件带来的间接的后果或某物产生的效应。
influence作“影响”讲，指对周围一切或今后历史等产生的影响，或指有影响、有势力的人或有影响的物。
〖练习〗1.One of the effects of bad weather is a poor crop.坏天气的后果之一是庄稼歉收
2. Don’t let me influence your decision.别让我影响你的决定。
3．His limp is the result of a fall.他的跛腿是摔交摔的。
20【词组】
even though= even if 即使/纵然; as though=as if好象/宛如/似乎
21【词组】
burst into laughter突然笑起来 ；burst into tears突然哭起来；burst into the room闯进房间
burst in闯进来 /突然插嘴，打断说话 ； burst forth 突发，爆发，
burst out突然…起来，（战争/疾病）突然发生
22【区别】score 与dozen
dozen 表示“一打/12个”与数词或many/several等连用时，复数不加s
例如：24个鸡蛋 ： two dozen eggs
dozen 前有基数词表示确切数字时，其后一般不跟of连用，但是dozen后的名词有the/his/their等修饰时，要用dozen of；另外，表示“几十/ 数以十计”用dozens of
例如：我的两打书： two dozen of my books 好几十年来 for dozens of years
〖像dozen表示具体数字的词还有：score 二十，fortnight两星期，双周; decade 十年；century世纪，百年〗
其中：socre用法类似 dozen，但是表示具体数字时也常加of，如：80家书店 four score of book shops
23【词组】head for开往，朝向
head for Nanjing 向南京进发
〓相关高考试题〓
1．(NMET1996) ______ we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.
A. If B.Whether C.That D.Where
选B
2. (2004上海)The disc,digitally ________in the studio ,sounded fantastic at the party that night.
A.recorded B.recording C.to be recorded D.having recorded
选A
3. (2004天津) I keep medicines on the top shelf,out of the children’s _________.
A. reach B.hand C.hold D.place
选A
4.(2004福建)She has set a new record ,that is ,the sales of her latest book________50 million.
A.have reached B.has reached C.are reaching D.had reached
选A
5.(2004广东)I feel that one of my main duties_________a teacher is to help the students to become better learners.
A.for B.by C.as D.with
选C
6.Reading is an experience quite different from watching TV. There are pictures __________in your mind instead of before your eyes.
A.to form B.form C.forming D.having formed
选：C
7.(2001上海)As a result of destroying the forests,a large _____of desert _____covered the land.
A.number;has B.,quantity ;has C.number;have D.quantity ;have
选B（（不可数名词desert作主语，谓语动词只能用单数形式）
8.(2003上海)The young dancers looked so charming in their beautiful clothes that we took _____pictures of them.
A.many of B.masses of C.the number of D.a large amount of
选B （D跟不可数名词/A多了of，C意思不对）
9.(1997上海)__________friends Betty had made there were all invited to her birthday party.
A.Few of B.Few C.The few D.A few
选C
10.(2003上海)The speech by the mayor of Shanghai before the final voting for EXPO 2010 is strongly impressed_________my memory.
A. to B.over C.by D.on
选D
11.(2001上海)__________ , I have never seen anyone who’s as capable as John.
A.As long as I have traveled B.Now that I have traveled so much
C.Much as I have traveled D.As I have traveled so much
选C（as作“尽管”讲，要引导让步状语从句，此时要把形容词、副词或名词放在它的前面。）
12.(NMET2001)---Why haven’t you bought any butter?
--- I ________ to but I forgot about it.
A. liked B.wished C.meant d.expected
选C
13.(2002上海)?In some parts of London,missing a bus means ______for another hour.
A.waiting B.to wait C.wait D.to be waiting
选A
14.(2004上海)The other day,my brother drove his car down the street at_______I thought was a dangerous speed.
A.as B.which C.what D.that
选C
15.(2004天津)A modern city has been set up in ______was a wasteland ten years ago.
A.what B.which C.that D.where
选A（缺少的成分既要引导宾语从句，又要在从句中作主语，只有用what）
16.Catherine has been preparing carefully for the English examination, so that she can be sure of passing it at her first ___________.
A.request B.attempt C.promise D.purpose
选B（以便于第一次尝试attempt就能通过）
17.(2004江苏)A man is being questioned in relation to the _________murder last night.
A.advised B.attended C.attempted D.admitted
选C（一个涉嫌参与昨夜谋杀的人正在接受审讯） 、attempt企图
18.Facing the emergence,we were at a loss and none of us could ________a solution to the problem.
A.come about B.come out C.come up against D.come up with
选D
19.(2001上海)Rose was wild with joy________the result of the examination.
A.to B.at C.by D.as
选B （罗斯对考试的结果高兴得发狂）介词at表示原因，作?“因为”讲。Be wild with joy at…因为…而高兴得发狂。
20.(NEMT2004)________I can see ,there is only one possible way to keep away from the danger.
A.As long as b.As far as C.Just as D.Even if
选B
21.(NMET 2003)They had a pleasant chat__________ a cup of coffee.
A.for b.with C.during D.over
选D（over 可作“一面……”讲：他们一面和咖啡，一面闲谈）
22.(2001上海)The bell_________the end of the period rang,_______our heated discussion.
A.indicating ;interrupting B.indicated; interrupting
C.indicating; interrupted D.indicated; interrupted
选A