课件97张PPT。Module 5 Unit 1 Great scientists
一、课程标准内容：
1、语言技能
2、语言知识
3、情感态度
4、学习策略
5、文化意识 二、教学要求
三、教学建议
四、分课时教案
语言技能：
能听懂描述或谈论人的个性、品质及成就的对话；能就事实材料向别人介绍熟悉的科学家；能结合实际，谈谈对自己未来职业的设想；能阅读以人物介绍为内容的阅读材料；能运用适当的句式表示意愿、希望和建议，懂得写劝说性文章的步骤或方法，写好劝说文，培养逻辑思维能力。 语言知识 ：
掌握42个新单词和10条短语；掌握描述个性、品质的词汇；了解科学观点的形成过程；了解过去分词作定语和表语的用法。 情感态度 ：
深刻体会科学给人类和世界带来的影响；引导学生热爱科学，勇于探索；帮助学生培养科学精神和科学方法，尊重并学习科学家，提高自身的品格素养，树立远大的理想；使他们成为科学人文素养相融合的创新型人才。
学习策略 ：
通过周密观察、认真分析等手段，培养认知策略和善于抓住要点的能力；结合研究性学习，提高学生自学、自做、自助、自悟能力，以培养学生调控策略；利用网络等媒体获取相关知识来提高资源策略；通过交流表达观点来提高运用交际策略的能力。 文化意识：
了解许多中外科学家的事迹及他们的贡献，扩大知识面；以知识武装头脑，以文化陶冶情操。
二、教学要求
（一）、基本要求 ：?
掌握本单元出现的课本所附词汇表不带Δ的42个新单词和10条短语。
了解中外许多不同领域的科学家，讨论他们品质上的共性。
能阅读介绍杰出科学家的通俗文章，并能用英语进行简要介绍。
学会运用正确的句式表示意愿、希望和建议。
学写劝说性的书信。
初步掌握过去分词作定语和表语的用法。 二、教学要求
（二）、发展要求
1.了解课后练习中前带前缀的派生词。
2. 列举更多的中外科学家和他们的成就。
3. 简要叙述科学的研究方法和研究过程，培养理性地分析问题、解决问题的能力。
4. 熟练表达自己意愿、希望、建议，能进行口头和笔头交流。
5. 熟练掌握过去分词作定语和表语的用法。 三、本单元教学建议
1、课时分配
本单元建议用5课时完成。
第一课时：Warming up、Pre-reading & Reading的内容。
重点应放在对Reading部分的理解上。
第二课时：Comprehending和Learning about language
第三课时：Using language中的Listening and speaking
第四课时：Using language中的Reading and writing,
Learning tips本课时的重点可以放在writing上。
第五课时：Summing Up & Assessment
三、本单元教学建议
2、单元要点：
了解钱学森、哥白尼等科学家以及他们的故事和成就，学习科学家不懈的钻研精神。
掌握描述人物个性和品质的表达方式。
学习表示意愿、希望、建议的句型。
学习过去分词作定语和表语的结构。
三、本单元教学建议
热身（Warming up）部分在学生课前预习的基础上，教师可利用图片资料引入，也可以让学生讲述某位科学家的故事或成就让其他学生来猜测，但讲述内容不宜过长。
读前（Pre-reading）部分建议呈现有关SARS和AIDS宣传图片或视频资料，引导学生关注疾病与健康，然后再引出cholera。可以分若干个讨论小组讨论如何进行科学研究，让学生了解科学观点的形成过程。
三、本单元教学建议
阅读（Reading）部分要解决以下几个问题：（1）理解课文内容；（2）学习新单词和短语；（3）了解如何进行科学研究。文章介绍英国著名医生John Snow如何通过考察、分析、探究的科学方法，发现“霍乱”这种传染病的传播途径并提出控制的方法。通过阅读全文，使学生了解科学发现的过程，培养学生的科学精神。教师应在语境中引导学生掌握新的词汇，可重点强调Learning about language要用到的词汇和文中的黑体字。也可让学生自己发现理解的不足，发现问题，适当地引导学生进行深层理解。
三、本单元教学建议
理解（Comprehending）部分可以以发现问题，分析问题，解决问题为线索来理清学生的思路，帮助学生概括每部分的主旨大意。教师可以补充一些简单的正误判断来帮助学生完成Exercise 1。Exercise 2是三个拓展思维的问题，可以帮助学生提高分析问题的能力，更好地理解全文。Exercise 3可以作为课外巩固作业。
三、本单元教学建议
语言学习（Learning about language）部分Exercise 1是用所给词的正确形式填空。教师应确定学生了解这些词的意思和用法。Exercise 2是一个拓展练习，要求学生掌握make+名词，在意义上等于这个名词的动词形式，例如：make a speech=speak。Exercise 3进一步训练动词make的用法。教师还可以鼓励学生回忆更多的有关于make的用法。Discovering useful structures是语法知识教学，教师可引导学生在Reading中找到更多过去分词作定语和表语的用法。Exercise 1、2&3帮助学生感知过去分词作定语和表语，并逐步过渡到巩固和运用这种语言现象。
三、本单元教学建议
语言应用（Using language）部分这部分是对多种语言技能的综合运用。Listening & speaking要求学生预习听力内容。听力的部分通过两个学生谈论科学家钱学森的故事，帮助学生了解科学家的生活经历。通过回答5个问题，训练学生分析解决问题能力。建议学生在听的过程中记一些重要的单词即可。从听力中就可引出speaking部分，教师可通过简单的问答来激发学生说的欲望，可以在几个简单问答后，补充课文中有用的表达，让学生讨论将来职业的选择。在培养学生交际能力的同时，教师要不失时机进行德育渗透，教育学生应树立远大理想，并为实现自己的理想而奋斗。
三、本单元教学建议
Reading & writing部分的阅读材料讲述了哥白尼是如何建立太阳中心学说的。在进行整体阅读后，如有必要，教师可以用问题形式启示讲解文中语言知识点和部分难句。通过Exercise 1，让学生比较哥白尼理论和前人理论的不同，培养学生的观察和比较能力。Exercise 2运用发散性思维阐明自己的观点。Writing要求学生根据阅读内容给哥白尼写一封信，建议他尽快公布他的发现。教师应告诉学生写这类文章的注意事项，例如：文章结构应为：表达你的想法——陈述理由——提出建议。可以让学生课后搜集、整理信息后再写。
三、本单元教学建议
小结（Summing up）部分，这部分用以提高学生的认知水平，通过对本单元内容和知识点的回顾，查漏补缺，培养学生概括总结能力。教师应及时发现学生在这几个方面的不足，并给予适当辅导。
学习建议（Learning up）部分，这部分是指导学生写好劝说文，以训练学生逻辑思维能力和写作能力。建议教师在指导Using language中writing部分时，引入这个学习内容。
三、本单元教学建议
评价建议
非测试性评价
建议使用教师用书中第4页的评价表或学生用书47页的 Checking yourself。主要评价一下学习了这个单元以后，学生在语言知识、能力上有哪些提高，在学习策略上有何改进，他们的人生观和职业观是否有深层发展。
测试性评价
建议使用经过审定的测试题进行测试。测试的重点应包括本单元中42个新单词和10条短语、用过去分词作定语和表语的用法、在情景对话中体现表示意愿、希望、建议的句型。在阅读中体现学生分析、综合能力，写作时能让学生有机会运用本单元的关于劝说文的写作技巧。
四、分课时教案和课件
Period 1 Warming up, Pre-reading & Reading
There are some great scientific achievements that have changed the world. Can you name some of them? What kind of role do they play in the field of science ? Do these achievements have anything in common? Match the inventions with their inventors below before you answer all these questions.
Warming Up:
Alexander Bell electricity
Thomas Edison the First telephone
Laite Brothers the electric Lamp
Madame Curie black holes in Universe
Franklin Theory of Gravity
Steven Hawking the First Plane
Elbert Einstein Radium
Isaac Newton the Theory of RelativityQuiz Questions (P1)
阿基米德 (Archimedes)Charles DarwinThomas NewcomenGregor MendelMarie CurieThomas EdisonLeonardo da Vinci
Humphry Davy张
衡
Stephen HawkingPre-reading:
Pair work:
Task 1.What do you know about infectious diseases?
Task 2. What do you know about cholera?
Group work:
Task 1.Do you know how to prove a new idea in scientific research?Task 2.What order would you put the seven in?
draw a conclusion think of a method
collect results make up a question
find a problem analyse the results
find supporting evidence repeat if necessary
While-reading:Task 1 Predicting:
Introduce the title of the passage---- John Snow Defeats King Cholera.
1.What does the title imply?
2.Predict what the text is about after reading the title and the first paragraph.
3.Guess what kind of person John Snow was by analyzing the key words in the first paragraph.
While-reading:Skimming:
1. Read the passage fast and sum up the main idea of the whole passage, paying attention to the first sentence in each paragraph .2. Read the passage again to get the general idea of each paragraph.
While-reading: Scanning:
1. Read the passage and try to put the correct stages into the reading about research into a disease.
draw a conclusion B. think of a method
C. collect results D. make up a question
E. find a problem F. analyse the results
G. find supporting evidence H. repeat if necessary
Keys: E→D→B→C→F→G→A
While-reading:Questions and language points:
1. What do you know about Dr. John Snow’s being well-known in London?
(He attended Queen Victoria to ease the birth of her babies.).
e.g. I may be late – I have got one or two things to attend to.
Mother had to attend to her sick son .
2. From what disease did Londoners suffer in his age?
(They exposed themselves to cholera.).
e.g. The wolf opened its mouth to expose a row of sharp teeth.
Don’t expose your skin to the sun; your skin will be hurt.Questions and language points:3. When did Dr. Snow think the disease would be controlled?
(He knew he would never be controlled until its cause was found.)
e.g. The Ministry of Health has set up a program to control the
spread of AIDS.
The buttons control the temperature in the building
4. What was the second theory explaining how the disease killed people?
(People absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals.)
eg. Chinese history absorbs his attention recently.
be absorbed in = concentrate onQuestions and language points: 5. Did the map which Dr. Snow draw help find the cause of the disease?
(The map gave a valuable clue about the cause of the disease.)
e.g. -- What is the value of this 18k white gold diamond necklace?
-- It cost me $2,000 (=It was worth $2,000.),but I valued the necklace at $1,000.
It was a valuable diamond necklace.
We never know the value of water till the well is dry.
Questions and language points:6. What did Dr. Snow think was responsible for the disease?
(It seemed the water was to blame.)
e.g. They blamed the secretary for the delay of the plan.
The driver was not to blame for the traffic accident.
He is ready to take the blame for what had happened.
7. What did Dr. Snow advised the people in Broad Street do?
8.What else did Dr. Snow find in another part of London that were linked to the Broad Street outbreak? (In addition, he found 2 other deaths.) Questions and language points:9. What conclusion did Dr. Snow tell the public?
(He announced that polluted water carried the disease.)
e.g. The captain announced that the plane was going to land.
The army announced a cease-fire.
10. What did Dr. Snow tell the water companies?
(They were instructed not to expose people to polluted water anymore.)
e.g. She instructed me in the use of this telephone.
I've been instructed to wait here until the lecturer arrives.
Post-reading:Work in groups of four and discuss the following questions:
1).What should you do if you're traveling to a country that has a cholera outbreak according to Snow’s theory?
2.) What spirit can we find in John Snow? As a student, what should we learn from him?
Period 2 Comprehending & learning about language.
1.?Task 1??Fill in the chart after reading the passage.
2.Read the passage again and answer these questions.
1). Cholera was a 19th century disease. What disease do you think is similar to cholera today?
2). John Snow believed Idea 2 was right. How did he finally prove it?
3). Do you think John Snow would have solved this problem without the map? Give a reason. Learning about the language:
Li Heping was a famous football player, but his career came to an end when he became very ill. The doctor _________ him but could not find the cause of this illness. He ___________ the theory that Li Heping had been _______ to a new virus. He knew he would not be able to ____ him___________, but promised he would ________the possibility of finding one in the future. Sadly, Li Heping __________ that he would take up a new career to _______ footballers in planning for the future. At his last match he thanked his fans for their _______ support
by singing the popular song: “Thanks for the memory”.
valuable, instruct, cure, expose, look into, examine, put forward, immediately, announce
Learning about the language:
1. Look at these simple verbs and make another construction using make + a + noun.
2. To study the phrases:
make a face make friends make money make sure
make up one’s way to make a decision make room forLearning about the language:
3. Speak out the phrases with “make” according to the pictures or the Chinese definitions.
交朋友
make friends
确保; 确定
make sure
下定决心
make up one’s mind
为...腾出空位make room forLearning about the language:
make a facemake the bed一路前进;向前
make one’s way toLearning about the language:
Choose the correct verb or conjunction to put into the text. link ... to blame expose ... to test defeat reject absorb examine severe connect…to
In the twenty-first century, educated people find it difficult to believe that living conditions in the nineteenth century ______ people ___ serious illnesses. The reports of many doctors ____
illness ___ drinking polluted water. However, one hundred years ago people did not _____a disease ___ the environment. So they did not _____ the companies that supplied dirty water. The doctors found that the dirtier the water, the more ______ the illness. It was only later when people began to ________ the water and ____ its quality that they _______ the idea that cholera was
_________ from the air. It was only when everybody began to attack the dirty conditions that cholera was ________ and was not a problem any more.
-- Look at the excited boy! Why
is he so happy?
-- He has got the first prize in
the contest.
-- No wonder he is excited!
Discovering useful structuresPast Participle as the PredicativeExample:
But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people.
More examples:
He got interested in two theories explaining how cholera killed people.
Neither its cause, nor its cure was understood.
过去分词作表语一般用来表示感受或状态（系动词+过去分词)
No wonder he is excited! (predictive)
可以用作表语的常见的过去分词有：
delighted, disappointed, upset,
astonished, excited, frightened,
experienced, interested, qualified,
puzzled, exhausted, satisfiedPast Participle as the AttributeExamples:
So many thousands of terrified people died.
Doctor John Snow was a well-known doctor in London.
John Snow told the astonished people in Broad Street.
过去分词作定语：
1. 分词可以用作前置定语，此时，分词和名词之间有两种语意关系：一种是分词表示主动（但时间上已经过去）；一种是分词表被动。
He is a retired worker.
他是一个退休工人。
This is a newly-developed device.
这是一个新开发的工具。2. 过去分词作后置定语时，其功能当于一个定语从句。
1) But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.
2) With this evidence John Snow was able to announce with certainty that polluted water carried the disease
过去分词短语有时亦可用作非限制性定语，前后常有逗号。
Some of them, born and brought up in rural villages, had never seen a train.
他们当中有一些人, 生长在农村，从未见过火车。
Practice 1: Complete the table with phrases that have the same meaning.3. Complete the sentences using the past participle as the predicative.(P5)
1).He got ______ about losing the money.
2).Why do you always look so ____? Do you sleep well these days?
3).I was ___________ with the film I saw last night. I had expected it to be
better.
4).Everybody was ________________ to hear the death of the famous film star.
5).The children are really _______ about going to the zoo.
6).His wound became _______with a new virus.
blamed
tireddisappointedshocked/ depressedexcited
infected4.Rewrite the following sentences with the past participle as attributive.Let’s try the bookstore that was opened last month.
Let’s try the bookstore opened last month.
Nine out of ten women who were interviewed about the product said they liked it.
Nine out of ten women interviewed about the product said they liked it.Yesterday, the President went to visit the workers who had retired.
Yesterday, the President went to visit the retired workers.
5.Choose appropriate verbs to complete the following sentences, using the past participle.1). They were ________ to accept my idea.
2). I'll be _________ to hear what he has to say.
3). The mayor said that he was _______about the _________ rise of the water level in the river bed.
4). Recently ________ soldiers are helping to take the victims to safe areas from the flood.
5). Most of the newspaper seems to be _________ with pop stars.
6). He was _________ of going alone into the empty house.prepared
interestedworriedcontinued
arrivedconcernedfrightenedPeriod 3 Listening and speaking
神舟6号
神舟6号
费俊龙聂海胜被授予英雄航天员荣誉称号
神舟6号
Listening and speakingQian Xuesen, who has made great contributions to the development of China’s space industry, is one of the best-known scientists in China. His work has been very important for the development of China.
Yu Ping is telling her friend Steve Smith about Qian Xueshen’s life. Listen to the tape and then answer the questions.
Before we begin to listen to it, look at the screen and read the new words in the material:
astronomer (天文学家)
astronaut (宇航员)
institute (研究所)Answer the questions
1.What did Qian Xuesen study first?
2.What experience did he get in America
that was very useful for China?
Qian Xuesen first studied to be an
engineer.
In America he began to work on space
rockets so that he was able to develop a
space programme when he came back to
China.
3.What was Qian Xuesen's achievement
when he returned to China from
America?
When Qian Xuesen returned to China he set up a Space Institute to begin training people in how to design and build rockets.
4. How has he been honored in China?
In China he has been honored as “the father of the space programme”.
5. How would Steve honor him?
Steve Smith suggested putting
QianXuesen's picture on Mars when the first Chinese astronaut lands there.
Speaking
In pairs discuss what scientific job each of you would like to choose in the future.
These questions may help you:
What job do you want to do?
What education will you need? What personality will be needed?
How long will the training take?
What work experience would be useful?
How will you prepare for this career?
Theses expressions may help you:
I always wanted to..because…
I might find it difficult to …
My greatest problem will be to …
The experience I will need is…
I need to practise…
I will need to be /become
patient, creative, hard-working, co-operative, confident, brave, positive, pleasant, polite, determined, energetic, strict with…
Sample conversation:
A : What do you want to do when you grow up?
B: I want to build robots. I will have to do a physics and mathematics degree in China.After that I hope to go abroad to Reading University in England where you can study all about robots. There is a special cybernetics(控制论) department there.
A: Why personality will be needed for that job?
B: They have a lot of uses: for example, in making cars on
a production line or doing other repetitive jobs.
A: What personality will be needed for that job?B: I think I need to be patient for my ideas will take a long
time to develop. I also need to be creative enough to have good ideas.
A: What experience will be most useful to you?
B: I think technology and engineering projects. I hope
to work in a factory in my holidays.
A: What kind of person makes a good inventor?
B: I think someone who is happy to persevere at something and learns from his mistakes.
A: Thank you. I think designing robots sounds fun.
Listening (P41)1. Choose the best one. Explain why the
others are wrong.
A. This is about a man who wants to name
a flower.
B. This is about a man who finds a flower
and wants to own it.
C. This is about a man who finds a flower
and wants to know if it is a new species of
flower.
It does not give enough information.B is inaccurate.
Listen and complete the following passage.
To find the name of an unknown flower, first you have to go to see a flower ________. He /She will look in a special _____written by Carl Linnaeus. He lived in ______ from ____ to _____ . He was very important because he solved a serious problem for ______ . He saw all plants and animals produce ______________________ . Some animals produce ______ but others lay ____ while plants ____________ .
specialist
bookSweden17071778
biology
young plants and animals
babies
eggsproduce seeds
He used these different ways of producing young to put plants and animals into ______ . For example, the group called birds lay ____ to produce young and they all have _______ . Linnaeus put the plants and animals into smaller groups or species.
He gave each one two names. One is for the large group, for example ____ and one is for the species, for example ______ . So a parrot would be ___ . He was the first person to successfully classify (分类) all plants and animals.
groupseggsfeathers
bird
parrotbird
Period 4 Reading ,writing and learning tips CopernicusPre-readingWe know the first scientist is Copernicus. He was one of the first scientists to use mathematical observations to collect information. He believed the sun is the center of the universe and the earth and other planets went around it. The chart on P.7 shows his theory.
Copernicus’ Revolutionary TheoryBirth: February 19, 1473
Death: May 24, 1543
Place of Birth: Toruń, Poland
Career:
1491-1494 Studied mathematics at Kraków Academy
1496 Went to Italy to study astronomy and law at the University of Bologna
1497 Began observations of the Sun, Moon, and planets
1514 Wrote Commentariolus, an outline of his astronomical ideas, but did not circulate it widely
1543 Published De Revolutionibus Orbium Coelestium (On the Revolutions of the Celestial)
Read the passage and find the experiences of Copernicus:
Read through the passage, and tell whether the following statements are true or false.
At Copernicus’ time, Christian Church was in charge of many western countries.
2. Copernicus noticed that observed from the earth, some planets appears in front of or behind the earth.
3. Copernicus didn’t show his new theory to his friends until he completed it.
4. His friends were not interested in his ideas.
5. Since he was not afraid of being attacked by the Church, Copernicus published his book as soon as he finished working on it.
6. Newton, Einstein, and Hawking are all scientists who made contribution to the study of the universe.
TFTFF
TRead carefully and try to draw the two theories of the universe.Analyze the following picture carefully and try to explain how a loop is formed.
Discussion:
If you were Nicolaus Copernicus, would you have hidden your theory for so many years? Why?
As a scientist, Copernicus was more cautious than coward. If he had published his ideas at his time, he would have been killed just as Bruno who was burnt to death because his theory was against the Christian Church’s. Every time when a new idea appears, there are always rejections. It’s normal. Scientists should have patience to spread their truth.
Now write a short letter asking Copernicus to publish his idea so everyone can read them.Writing:Learning tips:This article is persuasive writing, which is about changing somebody else’s point of view. When you are doing this kind of writing, you must always have some evidence to support your idea. To make this easier, you can hold discussions with your family and friends. Give your ideas and reasons to them whenever you are making choices. You may argue with them and try to persuade them. Then you will find it easier to do your persuade writing.
However, when you are writing, do not forget to plan your work and put your ideas in a logical order.
Now please discuss in a group of four and decide how to write this letter. You can read the tips given to you in ex.3 on page 7
Dear Nicolaus Copernicus,
I am a student studying astronomy and I would very much like to read your new theory about the solar system. I hope you will publish it for several reasons.
I understand the problems with the present theory. The way the planets move is not what you would expect if the earth was the centre of the universe. It is also odd that the brightness of some stars seems to change. So I agree with you that we need a new theory.
I know your observations have been very carefully carried out over many years. Now you must have the courage to publish them. Science can never advance unless people have the courage of their beliefs. I know you worry about what will happen if you publish your new theory.
No matter how people oppose it, time will show if your ideas are right or wrong.
So I hope you will feel you can publish your new theory.
Yours sincerely,
(your name) Language points:1. revolution & revolutionary
e.g. Mao Zedong is the great leader of the Chinese Revolution.Sun Zhongsan is a great revolutionary leader.2. lead to: to result in 导致
e.g.Your carelessness will lead to the trouble in the future.
3. make sense
e.g.No matter how I tried to read it, the sentence didn't make sense.4. spin---spun---spinning
e.g. We span the coin to see who would have first turn.
I spun around to see who had spoken.
5. reject:
e.g. If you don’t like Tom, you may reject his gift.
If you don’t think the suggestion is suitable for you, you may reject it.
6. enthusiastic
e.g. She’s very enthusiastic about singing
We explain our plan, and he is very enthusiastic.
7. cautious: careful to avoid risk
be cautious about/of sb./sth.
e.g. The bank is very cautious about lending money.
My father is a very cautious driver.Period 5 Summing up & Assessment
Translate the following sentences(p42)1 除了公园以外，这个夏天我就没有出过公寓。(apart from)
Apart from going to the park, I have not been outside my flat this summer.
2 这个科学实验的结果对于我们非常有价值，它们将有助于我们的研究取得成功。(scientific; valuable; contribute to)
The results of the scientific experiments are valuable to us and they will contribute to the success of our research.
3 除了提供好的收入，我还提供一套新的公寓给你住。(in addition to)
In addition to a good income I am offering you a new flat to live in.
4 没有足够的证据很难作出结论。(draw a conclusion)
It is difficult to draw a conclusion without enough evidence.
5 在完成写作之后请仔细检查，看看是否所有的句子都说得通。(complete; make sense)
Please check carefully after you complete the writing and make sure all the sentences make sense.
6 你要去听演讲，对吧？可你看起来对此不是很热心。(attend; enthusiastic)
You are going to attend the lecture, aren’t you? But you don’t seem very enthusiastic about it.
7 工作太多而休息太少往往会导致疾病。(lead to)
Too much work and too little rest often leads to illnesses.
8 政府宣布该疾病已得到控制。(announce; control)
The government announced that the disease was under control.
9 杨教授对助手们要求严格。他们必须按照他的指示做试验。(be strict with)
Professor Yang is strict with his assistants. They must do the experiments according to his instructions.
3.Choose the correct words to complete the following sentences.
1) John Snow devoted himself to ________. (science, scientific) research.
2) He worked hard until he drew a ________ (conclude, conclusion) in 1854.
3) The teacher drew a picture to make herself ______ (ease, easy, easily) understood.
4) The boy needs some more stamp to make his collection ______ (complete, completely).
5) ________ (Apart from, Except) that 10 dollars, I have another ten given by my mother.
4. Complete the sentence with the correct form of the given words.
1).But he became _______ (inspire) when he thought about helping ordinary people _____(expose) to cholera.
2).The disease attacked the body quickly and soon the _______ (affect) person was dead.
3).Immediately he told the ______ (astonish) people to remove the handle from the water pump.
4).In addition, he found two other deaths that were ______ (link) to the broad Street outbreak.
5).The water companies were also ____(instruct) not to expose people to polluted water anymore.
5. Choose a scientist that you are familiar with or admire very much or you have learned about and fill in the chart with the information you know. Then compare your ideas with your partner. The more information you write, the more marks you will get.
6. Retell the story about John Snow to your friend, trying to use as many words and expressions learned in this unit as possible.
Reading task on P45“Seven Bridges of Konigsberg” and the famous “Euler path”.
Skimming:
What’s Euler’s puzzle?
Scanning:
How did Euler prepare for his research?
What are the theories?Look at the following pictures and draw a conclusion:
Conclusion
Euler’s theory (一笔画)
可以一笔画只有两种情况：
1. 没有奇数顶点。
2. 只有两个奇数顶点。
如对此问题有兴趣的同学可登录：
http://www.e-mu.cn/bbs/index.phpDiscussion What qualities make a good scientist? Assessment:
Module 5 Unit 1 Great scientists
分课时教案
Period 1 Warming up, Pre-reading & Reading
Teaching goals:
To talk about some great scientists and their achievements.
To develop some basic reading skills.
To get the general idea of the passage and to relate the passage to stages in a scientific experiment.
Teaching procedures:
Step one Warming up
Introduce some famous scientists and their achievements, and then do the quiz.
There are some great scientific achievements that have changed the world. Can you name some of them? What kind of role do they play in the field of science? Do these achievements have anything in common? Match the inventions with their inventors below before you answer all these questions.
Alexander Bell electricity
Thomas Edison the First telephone
Laite Brothers the electric Lamp
Madame Curie black holes in Universe
Franklin Theory of Gravity
Steven Hawking the First Plane
Elbert Einstein Radium
Isaac Newton the Theory of Relativity
Step two Reading
Pre-reading:
1). Pair work : What do you know about infectious diseases?
2). Group work: Do you know how to prove a new idea in scientific research? Discuss in small groups the stages in examining a new scientific idea. What order would you put them in?
draw a conclusion think of a method collect results make up a question
find a problem analyse the results find supporting evidence repeat if necessary
2. While-reading:
1).Predicting:
Introduce the title of the passage—John Snow Defeats King Cholera.
What does the title imply?
Predict what the text is about after reading the title and the first paragraph.
Guess what kind of person John Snow was by analyzing the key words in the first paragraph.
2). Skimming:
Get the students to read the passage fast . Ask them to pay attention to the first sentence in each paragraph and try to find several key words to sum up the main idea of the whole passage.
Compare what the students have predicted with the content given by the author.
Read the passage again to get the general idea of each paragraph.
Para.1: The causes of cholera.
Para.2: The correct or possible theory.
Para.3: Collect data on those where people were ill and died and where they got their water. Para.4: Plot information on a map to find out where people died or did not die.
Para.5: Analyse the water to see if that is the cause of the illness.
Para.6: Find other evidences to confirm his conclusion.
Para.7: The polluted dirty source of drinking water was to blame for the cause of the London cholera.
3). Scanning:
Read the passage and try to put the correct stages into the reading about research into a disease.
A. draw a conclusion B. think of a method C. collect results D. make up a question
E. find a problem F. analyse the results G. find supporting evidence H. repeat if necessary
Keys: E→D→B→C→F→G→A
Answer some detailed questions about the passage and learn some language points:
1. What do you know about Dr. John Snow’s being well-known in London?
(He attended Queen Victoria to ease the birth of her babies.).
e.g. I may be late – I have got one or two things to attend to.
Mother had to attend to her sick son .
2. From what disease did Londoners suffer in his age?
(They exposed themselves to cholera.).
e.g. The wolf opened its mouth to expose a row of sharp teeth.
Don’t expose your skin to the sun; your skin will be hurt.
People in many provinces of China exposed themselves to the SARS in 2003.
3. Did people know how to cure the disease?
e.g Aspirin is said to be a wonderful cure for the pain.
Although the boy was beyond cure, his parents tried to cure him of bad habits.
When did Dr. Snow think the disease would be controlled?
(He knew he would never be controlled until its cause was found.)
e.g. The Ministry of Health has set up a program to control the spread of AIDS
The buttons control the temperature in the building
5. What was the second theory explaining how the disease killed people?
(People absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals.)
be absorbed in = concentrate on
eg. He is absorbed in the research of Chinese history recently.
absorb one’s attention
eg. Chinese history absorbs his attention recently.
How serious was the disease outbreak in London?
(The cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people had died in 10 days.)
e.g. He has such a severe illness that he has been in hospital.
I was caught in a severe storm last night and couldn’t go back home in time.
7. Did the map which Dr. Snow draw help find the cause of the disease?
(The map gave a valuable clue about the cause of the disease.)
e.g. -- What is the value of this 18k white gold diamond necklace?
-- It cost me $2,000 (=It was worth $2,000.),but I valued the necklace at $1,000.
It was a valuable diamond necklace.
We never know the value of water till the well is dry.
8. Where were many of the deaths in Broad Street?
(Many of the deaths were near the water pump in Broad Street.)
e.g. If you have a flat tyre, you will pump air into the tyre.
We had a debate yesterday. The lively debate really pumped us up.
9. Why did some houses have no deaths?
(These families worked in the pub at 7 Cambridge Street. They were given free beer and so had not drunk the water from the Broad street pump.)
10. What did Dr. Snow think was responsible for the disease?
(It seemed the water was to blame.)
e.g. They blamed the secretary for the delay of the plan.
The driver was not to blame for the traffic accident.
He is ready to take the blame for what had happened.
11. What did Dr. Snow advised the people in Broad Street do?
(He told the people to remove the handle from the water pump so it could not be used.)
12. What else did Dr. Snow find in another part of London that were linked to the Broad Street outbreak? (In addition, he found 2 other deaths.)
e.g. The new bridge will link the island to the mainland.
Compare: in addition, also, as well as, besides
In addition to apples you asked for, I bought you some oranges.
13. What conclusion did Dr. Snow tell the public?
(He announced that polluted water carried the disease.)
e.g. The captain announced that the plane was going to land.
The army announced a cease-fire.
14. What did Dr. Snow tell the water companies?
(They were instructed not to expose people to polluted water anymore.)
e.g. She instructed me in the use of this telephone.
I've been instructed to wait here until the lecturer arrives.
3. Post-reading:
Work in groups of four and discuss the following questions:
1).What should you do if you're traveling to a country that has a cholera outbreak according to Snow’s theory?
(Drink only water that you have boiled or treated with chlorine or iodine. Other safe drinks include tea or coffee made with boiled water and carbonated, bottled beverages with no ice. Eat only food that's been thoroughly cooked and is still hot, or fruit that you've peeled yourself. Avoid undercooked or raw fish and shellfish. Avoid raw salads and vegetables. Avoid food and drinks from street vendors.)
2.) What spirit can we find in John Snow? As a student, what should we learn from him?
Step three Consolidation
Listen to the tape and get a better comprehension of the passage. While listening , pay special attention to the new words and expressions as well as the sentence structures they have learned. Step four Homework
Read the passage aloud after class.
Prepare for comprehending and learning about language.
Writing: What I think of John Snow.
Period 2 Comprehending & learning about language.
Teaching goals:
To find the scientific report by John Snow and to further understand the passage.
To get a better understanding of the passage.
To discover useful words and expressions, structures.
Teaching procedures:
Step one Revision
Ask some students to read the text aloud fluently.
Check the homework exercises.
Step two Comprehending
Fill in the chart after reading the passage.
Scientific report by John Snow
The problem
The cause
Idea 1:
Idea 2:
The method
The results
Idea 1 or 2? Why?
The conclusion
Read the passage again and answer these questions.
1). Cholera was a 19th century disease. What disease do you think is similar to cholera today?
2). John Snow believed Idea 2 was right. How did he finally prove it?
3). Do you think John Snow would have solved this problem without the map? Give a reason.
Step three Learning about the language
Discovering useful words and expressions.
1)Choose the suitable words or expressions to complete this passage: valuable, instruct, cure, expose, look into, examine, put forward, immediately, announce
Li Heping was a famous football player, but his career came to an end when he became very ill. The doctor _________ him but could not find the cause of this illness. He___________ the theory that Li Heping had been _______ to a new virus. He knew he would not be able to ____ him___________, but promised he would ________the possibility of finding one in the future. Sadly, Li Heping __________ that he would take up a new career to _______ footballers in planning for the future. At his last match he thanked his fans for their _______ support by singing the popular song: “Thanks for the memory”.
2). Sometimes in English we put the verb make with a noun instead of using a simple verb; for example, make a mistake instead of to mistake. Look at these simple verbs and make another construction using make + a + noun.
to telephone
to decide
to plan
to contribute
to speak
to be noisy
to change
to describe
3). In English verbs like make are very active and useful. Try to remember them and make sentences with the following words.
make a face make friends make money make up one’s way to make sure
make a decision make up one’s mind make the bed make room for
4). This is a report on living conditions in England in the nineteenth century. Choose the correct verb or conjunction to put into the text. Each word may be used only once.
link ... to blame expose ... to test
defeat reject absorb examine severe connect…to
In the twenty-first century, educated people find it difficult to believe that living conditions in the nineteenth century ______ people ___ serious illnesses. The reports of many doctors ____
illness ___ drinking polluted water. However, one hundred years ago people did not _____a disease ___ the environment. So they did not _____ the companies that supplied dirty water. The doctors found that the dirtier the water, the more ______ the illness. It was only later when people began to ________ the water and ____ its quality that they _______ the idea that cholera was
_________ from the air. It was only when everybody began to attack the dirty conditions that cholera was ________ and was not a problem any more.
Discovering useful structures.
1). Look at the following sentences where the past participle is used, and find two more examples in the reading passage.
Examples: So many thousands of terrified people died. (Attribute)
Doctor John Snow was a well-known doctor in London.
John Snow told the astonished people in Broad Street.
But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people.(Predicative)
He got interested in the two theories.
Neither its cause, nor its cure was understood.
2). Complete the table with phrases that have the same meaning.
Past Participle as the Attribute
Past Participle as the Predicative
1. terrified people
1
2. reserved seats
2
3. polluted water
3
4. a crowded room
4
5. a pleased winner
5
6
6. children who look astonished
7
7. a vase that is broken
8
8. a door that is closed
9
9. the audience who feel tired
10
10. an animal that is trapped
3). Complete the sentences using the past participle as the predicative.
1.He got ______ about losing the money.
2.Why do you always look so ____? Do you sleep well these days?
3.I was ___________ with the film I saw last night. I had expected it to be better.
4.Everybody was ________________ to hear the death of the famous film star.
5.The children are really _______ about going to the zoo.
6.His wound became _______with a new virus.
4). Rewrite the following sentences with the past participle as attributive.
1.Let’s try the bookstore that was opened last month.
(Let’s try the bookstore opened last month.)
2. Nine out of ten women who were interviewed about the product said they liked it.
(Nine out of ten women interviewed about the product said they liked it.)
3. Yesterday, the President went to visit the workers who had retired.
(Yesterday, the President went to visit the retired workers.)
Step four Homework
Go through the grammar items on p89 and finish Using Structures on p44.
Finish the exercises about using words and expressions on p42.
Period 3 Listening and speaking
Teaching goals:
To learn how to get required information by listening.
Be familiar with some expressions about describing a person’s qualities.
Practise communicating with their classmates about their futures realistically.
Teaching procedures:
Step one Listening:
1.Lead in: A brief introduction to Fei Junrong and Nie haisheng, and then lead to the famous scientist Qian Xueshen.
2.Explain some new words which will appear in the listening material--astronomer (天文学家), astronaut (宇航员)institute (研究所)then read the questions and ask the students to guess what this passage may be about.
3.Listen to the passage twice, then let the students answer these questions.
4.Play the tape once again, and check the answers together.
Step two Speaking:
In pairs discuss what scientific job each of you would like to choose in the future.
1.These questions may help you:
What job do you want to do?
What education will you need? What personality will be needed?
How long will the training take?
What work experience would be useful?
How will you prepare for this career?
2.Theses expressions may help you:
I always wanted to.. because…I might find it difficult to …My greatest problem will be to …The experience I will need is…I need to practise…I will need to be /become: patient, creative, hard-working, co-operative, confident, brave, positive, pleasant, polite, determined, energetic, strict with…
3. Let the students practise it in pairs, then ask some of them to give the report.
4. Show the slides of the sample conversation.
Sample conversation:
A : What do you want to do when you grow up?
B: I want to build robots. I will have to do a physics and mathematics degree in China. After that I hope to go abroad to Reading University in England where you can study all about robots. There is a special cybernetics(控制论) department there.
A: Why personality will be needed for that job?
B: They have a lot of uses: for example, in making cars on a production line or doing other repetitive jobs.
A: What personality will be needed for that job?
B: I think I need to be patient for my ideas will take a long time to develop. I also need to be creative enough to have good ideas.
A: What experience will be most useful to you?
B: I think technology and engineering projects. I hope to work in a factory in my holidays.
A: What kind of person makes a good inventor?
B: I think someone who is happy to persevere at something and learns from his mistakes.
A: Thank you. I think designing robots sounds fun.
Step three Listening. (p.41)
1. Some short introduction to this passage and some new words in it. New words in the listening passage:
species (种类)， parrot (鹦鹉) blackbird (乌鸦)
2. Read the questions before listening to the tape.
3. Listen to it twice.
4. Finish the exercises on p41, then check the answers.
5. Show the slides of the reading text and listen again if necessary.
Step 4 Homework:
1. Do the listening task on P44.
2.Writing: What I would like to be in the future.
Period 4 Reading, writing and learning tips
Teaching goals:
To learn about Copernicus’ revolutionary theory.
To learn to write a persuasive essay and improve their integrating skills .
Teaching procedures:
Step one Pre-reading
We know the first scientist is Copernicus. He was one of the first scientists to use mathematical observations to collect information. He believed the sun is the center of the universe and the earth and other planets went around it. The chart on P.7 shows his theory.
Let’s enjoy a video of Copernicus’ Revolutionary Theory.
Step two While-reading
1 Skimming:
Read through the passage fast and try to get the main idea of the passage.
2. Scanning:
Scan the passage and find the experiences of Copernicus
Birth: February 19, 1473
Death: May 24, 1543
Place of Birth: Toruń, Poland
Career:
1491-1494 Studied mathematics at Kraków Academy
1496 Went to Italy to study astronomy and law at the University of Bologna
1497 Began observations of the Sun, Moon, and planets
1514 Wrote Commentariolus, an outline of his astronomical ideas, but did not circulate it widely
1543 Published De Revolutionibus Orbium Coelestium (On the Revolutions of the Celestial)
Read through the passage again, and tell whether the following statements are true or false.
1. At Copernicus’ time, Christian Church was in charge of many western countries.
2. Copernicus noticed that observed from the earth, some planets appears in front of or behind the earth.
3. Copernicus didn’t show his new theory to his friends until he completed it.
4. His friends were not interested in his ideas.
5. Since he was not afraid of being attacked by the Church, Copernicus published his book as soon as he finished working on it.
6. Newton, Einstein, and Hawking are all scientists who made contribution to the study of the universe.
Use the reading and try to draw the two theories of the universe.
Before Copernicus’ theory
Showing Copernicus’ theory
The Earth was stationary at the center of the solar system, and the Sun and planets revolved around it.
The Sun is stationary at the center of the solar system, and the Earth and the other planets orbit around it
Step three Explain some language points
1. Fill in the blankets with proper words.
1) Mao Zedong is the great leader of the Chinese R_________.
2) The Invention of the computer caused a r________ in our way of living.
3) Sun Zhongsan is a great r___________ leader.
4) Yuan Longping created a r___________ new way of growing rice.
2. lead to: to result in 导致
Your carelessness will lead to the trouble in the future.
3. make sense
1) to have a clear meaning
No matter how I tried to read it, the sentence didn't make sense.
2) to be wise course of action
It makes sense to take care of your health.
4. spin--- spun(span)--- spinning
e.g. We span the coin to see who would have first turn.
I spun around to see who had spoken.
5. If you don’t like Tom, you may r_____ his gift.
If you don’t think the suggestion is suitable for you, you may r____ it.
6. enthusiastic: be interested in
She’s very ______________________ singing.
We explain our plan, and he is very___________.
enthusiastic enthusiasm enthusiastically
She shows boundless __________ for the work.
She greeted him _____________ with a kiss.
She is very __________ about Eastern music.
7. cautious-- cautiously :careful to avoid risk
be cautious about/of sb./sth.
e.g. The bank is very cautious about lending money.
My father is a very cautious driver.
The guard warned me to be cautious about strangers.
Step four Discussion
If you were Nicolaus Copernicus, would you have hidden your theory for so many years? Give a reason.
(Suggested answer: As a scientist, Copernicus was more cautious than coward. If he had published his ideas at his time, he would have been killed just as Bruno who was burnt to death because his theory was against the Christian Church’s. Every time when a new idea appears, there are always rejections. It’s normal. Scientists should have patience to spread their truth..)
Step five Writing
1. Now write a short letter asking Copernicus to publish his ideas so everyone can read them.
2. Learning tips.
This article is a persuasive writing, which is about changing somebody else’s point of view. When you are doing this kind of writing, you must always have some evidence to support your idea. To make this easier, you can hold discussions with your family and friends. Give your ideas and reasons to them whenever you are making choices. You may argue with them and try to persuade them. Then you will find it easier to do your persuade writing.
However, when you are writing, do not forget to plan your work and put your ideas in a logical order.
Now please discuss in a group of four and decide how to write this letter. Try to collect your ideas and make a plan. You can read the tips given to you in Ex.3 on page 7.
Here is a plan:
Beginning: Tell Copernicus who you are and why you want him to publish his ideas.
Paragraph 1: Reason 1 and evidence.
Paragraph 2: Reason 2 and evidence.
Summing up: Ask him to think again about publishing his ideas.
3. Sample writing
Dear Nicolaus Copernicus,
I am a student studying astronomy and I would very much like to read your new theory about the solar system. I hope you will publish it for several reasons.
I understand the problems with the present theory. The way the planets move is not what you would expect if the earth was the centre of the universe. It is also odd that the brightness of some stars seems to change. So I agree with you that we need a new theory.
I know your observations have been very carefully carried out over many years. Now you must have the courage to publish them. Science can never advance unless people have the courage of their beliefs. I know you worry about what will happen if you publish your new theory.
No matter how people oppose it, time will show if your ideas are right or wrong.
So I hope you will feel you can publish your new theory.
Yours sincerely,
(your name)
Step six Homework
1. Write down your persuasive essay on your exercise books.
2. Review the whole unit and prepare for the dictation.
Period 5 Summing up & Assessment
Teaching goals:
To know about what they have learned in this unit.
To check their work and give a self-assessment.
Teaching procedures:
Step one Revision
1. Have a dictation of the words and expression learned in this unit.
scientific conclude repeat defeat attend expose control blame immediately announce complete cautious put forward draw a conclusion
in addition link…to apart from lead to make sense point of view
2. Translate the following sentences(p42)
1) 除了公园以外，这个夏天我就没有出过公寓。(apart from)
Apart from going to the park, I have not been outside my flat this summer.
2) 这个科学实验的结果对于我们非常有价值，它们将有助于我们的研究取得成功。(scientific; valuable; contribute to)
The results of the scientific experiments are valuable to us and they will contribute to the success of our research.
3) 除了提供好的收入，我还提供一套新的公寓给你住。(in addition to)
In addition to a good income I am offering you a new flat to live in.
4) 没有足够的证据很难作出结论。(draw a conclusion)
It is difficult to draw a conclusion without enough evidence.
5) 在完成写作之后请仔细检查，看看是否所有的句子都说得通。(complete; make sense)
Please check carefully after you complete the writing and make sure all the sentences make sense.
6) 你要去听演讲，对吧？可你看起来对此不是很热心。(attend; enthusiastic)
You are going to attend the lecture, aren’t you? But you don’t seem very enthusiastic about it.
7) 工作太多而休息太少往往会导致疾病。(lead to)
Too much work and too little rest often leads to illnesses.
8) 政府宣布该疾病已得到控制。(announce; control)
The government announced that the disease was under control.
9) 杨教授对助手们要求严格。他们必须按照他的指示做试验。(be strict with)
Professor Yang is strict with his assistants. They must do the experiments according to his instructions.
3.. Choose the correct words to complete the following sentences.
1) John Snow devoted himself to ________. (science, scientific) research.
2) He worked hard until he drew a ________ (conclude, conclusion) in 1854.
3) The teacher drew a picture to make herself ______ (ease, easy, easily) understood.
4) The boy needs some more stamp to make his collection ______ (complete, completely).
5) ________ (Apart from, Except) that 10 dollars, I have another ten given by my mother.
4. Complete the sentence with the correct form of the given words.
1).But he became _______ (inspire) when he thought about helping ordinary people _____(expose) to cholera.
2).The disease attacked the body quickly and soon the _______ (affect) person was dead.
3).Immediately he told the ______ (astonish) people to remove the handle from the water pump.
4).In addition, he found two other deaths that were ______ (link) to the broad Street outbreak.
5).The water companies were also ____(instruct) not to expose people to polluted water anymore.
5. Choose a scientist that you are familiar with or admire very much or you have learned about and fill in the chart with the information you know. Then compare your ideas with your partner. The more information you write, the more marks you will get.
Items
Personal information
Name
Address
Nationality
Year of birth
Occupation
Education
Dream
Achievement
Hobbies
The reason I like him
6. Retell the story about John Snow to your friend, trying to use as many words and expressions learned in this unit as possible.
Step two Reading task on P45
“Seven Bridges of Konigsberg” and the famous “Euler path”.
1. Skimming: What’s Euler’s puzzle?
Suggested answer:
Koningsberg is an island and there is a river breaking it into two parts. People wondered if they could walk around the city by crossing the seven bridges without going over any of them twice or going back on himself, but Euler found he couldn’t cross all the seven ones. This is Euler’s puzzle.
2. Read the passage again and answer the following questions:
1 )How did Euler prepare for his research?
2) What are the theories?
Suggested answer:
1) The first stage in his research is to find the problem that he could cross six of the bridges without going over any of them twice or going back on himself, but he couldn’t cross all seven.
The second stage is to think of a method: He drew a map and used dots and lines to simplify his analysis. Trying and observing over and over again, he found a general rule.
2) It is topology. Euler’s theory is called “The Euler path”, which is expressed like this: If a figure has more than two odd points, you cannot go over it without lifting your pencil from the page or going over a line twice. So the general rule that Euler found is the even points and the odd points .
3. Study the following pictures:
4. Conclusion
Euler’s theory (一笔画)
可以一笔画只有两种情况：
1. 没有奇数顶点。
2. 只有两个奇数顶点。
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Step three Post-reading
Discussion:
What qualities make a good scientist?
Suggested answers:
With curiosity, devoted, be good at observation, hard-working, perseverant ,…
Step four Assessment
Think it over and give yourself evaluation seriously.
The things I can do
Evaluation
I can talk about some great scientists.
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I can retell the stories about John Snow and Copernicus.
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I can express my opinion on how cholera was defeated.
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I can give brief advice on how to keep from cholera on our daily life.
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I can describe people’s characteristics and qualities.
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I can make sentences using the past participle as the attribute and predicative.
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I need more practice in: ________________________________________________________ .
Step five Homework
1. Project
Use the library or the Internet to find out about important women scientists in medicine, physics, chemistry, biology, astronomy or mathematics. There are very useful websites (including the “Biographies of women mathematics website). Prepare a talk on your chosen scientists. Remember to include some information about their life, their achievements and why they are considered important in science history. Then give your talk to the class.
2. Writing
To write a persuasive essay according to what you have found about the great scientist, persuading him or her to do something as you suggested.
