高三专题复习-单项选择解题技巧[上学期]
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课件42张PPT。 单项填空
答 题 指 导高考英语专题复习 高 考 题 型专 题 复 习
灵 活 性 较 高迷 惑 性 较 大试 题 题 干 新 颖交 际 性 原 则 明 确语 境 地 位 突 出知 识 覆 盖 面 广单项填空的命题要点连词、代词
形容词、副词
介词搭配
惯用短语
短语动词
情态动词
动词语态
句子结构
动词时态
非谓语动词
交际和文化一、记忆、理解和灵活运用英语中习惯用
语的能力
二、基础词汇的辨析能力
三、语法词汇知识在具体语境中 的辨析
和灵活运用能力
四、正确分析句子结构的能力
五、排除思维定势干扰的能力
六、捕捉句中隐含信息的能力1 创设语境
2 设置干扰
3 思维定势
4 汉英差异
5 曲折表达1)打乱句型
2)插入语干扰
3)标点干扰 4)省略句干扰设置干扰１. 调 序 法２. 还 原 法3. 省 略 法4. 结 构 法５. 语 境 法6. 关 键 词7. 排 除 法 应试技巧1 -- 调序法 把不熟悉的疑问句变为陈述句，被动语态变为主动语态，倒装语序变为陈述语序，更准确地分析句子结构，更容易了解其意义，从而使题目变得简单。应试技巧1 -- 调序法 1. Who is it up _____ decide whether to go
or not?
A. to to B. to C. for to D. to for变为陈述句
It is up to who to decide whether to go or not.Who is it up to to decide whether to go or not?应试技巧1 -- 调序法2. Is this research center ____ you visited the modern equipment last year?
A. where B. the one that
C. that D. the one whereThis research center is the one where you visited the modern equipment last year.应试技巧1 -- 调序法3. Whom would you like to have ___ with me?
A. went B. to go C. gone D. goYou would like to have whom ___ with me.goIs ____ likely to be any food at the party on Sundays?
A. he B. it C. there D. that _______ is likely to be any food at the party on Sundays?There应试技巧1 -- 调序法( ) 4. Word has been put forward ___ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.
A. which B. that C. when D. asThey have put forward word______ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.thatword = more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.应试技巧1 -- 调序法5. Our time should be made good use of____.
A. study B. studied
C. studying D. to studyWe should make good use of our time __________.to study不定式作目的状语。应试技巧1 -- 调序法6. Never ____ time come back again. A. will lose B. will lost C. will losing D. will to loseLost time will never come back again.
Never will lost time come back again.应试技巧1 -- 调序法分词作状语变成相应的定语从句或状语从句
考查定语从句时将先行词放在从句中还原成通顺句子
承前省略句根据问句还原成完整句子，这样很容易做出正确的判断。应试技巧2-- 还原法应试技巧2 – 还原法1.____ as the "first lady of speech", Dr, Lillian
Glass is recognized as one of the world’s leading experts on communication skills.
A. Knowing B. Having known
C. Known D. To be known首先确定非谓语动词作状语，排除不定式（不是表示目的），然后还原成状语从句.Because she was known as the "first lady of speech", Dr, Lillian Glass is recognized as one of the world’s leading experts on communication skills.(Because she was)应试技巧2-- 还原法Dr, Lillian Glass2. The manager discussed the plan that they would like to see____ the next year.
A. carried out B. carrying out
C. carry out D. to carry outThey would like to see the plan (=that/ which) carried out the next year.应试技巧2-- 还原法根据前面的句子还原为：
Losing her new bicycle made Mary so upset.3. ----What do you think made Mary so upset? ----____ her new bicycle. A. As she lost B. Lost C. Losing D. Because of losing 应试技巧2-- 还原法 对于含有插入语或从句的复杂句子，如果不考查此部分，首先应分析语境及句子结构，找出并在省略插入语或去掉与选项不相关从句的情况下，重新分析句子结构，复杂的句子结构就简单了；如果考察此部分，也缩小了语境。应试技巧3-- 省略法应试技巧3 – 省略法 Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, ____ of course, made the others unhappy.
A. who B. which C. this D. whatDorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, ____ (of course, ) made the others unhappy.应试技巧3-- 省略法 2. John plays football ____ if not
better than David.
A. so well B. as well as
C. as well D. so well asJohn plays football as well as (David), if not better than David.应试技巧3-- 省略法 3. The person we spoke to ___no answer at first. A. make B. making C. makes D. made The person （we spoke to） _______ no answer at first.made应试技巧3-- 省略法.4. The days we looked forward to ___at last. A. comes B. to come
C. came D. comingThe days (we looked forward to) _______ at last.came应试技巧3-- 省略法(we looked forward to) 对于复杂长句子，先划分从句，理清主句结构，确定试题考察那部分，特别要注意标点符号的作用。应试技巧4 – 结构法应试技巧4 结构法1. The student ____ my last letter is going to work in Tibet. A. referred B. referring in C. referred to in D. referring to The student (who was referred to in my last letter) is going to work in Tibet.应试技巧4 结构法2. The flowers ____ sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature. A. to smell B. smelling C. smelt D. to be smeltThe flowers (____ sweet in the botanic garden) attract the visitors to the beauty of nature.应试技巧4 结构法The flowers smell sweet…The flowers (smelling …)attract应试技巧4 结构法3. ____down the radio ---- the baby’s asleep in the next room. A. Turning B. To turn C. Turned D. Turn----/ ; = , + and /but / so/ for
由此判断出是并列句，前一个分句为祈使句。4. ____ is well known to all, the earth is round. A. That B. With C. It D. As( ____ is well known to all), the earth is
round.AsCf. It is well known to all that the earth is round.
It is well known to all; the earth is round.应试技巧4 结构法应试技巧5 – 语境暗示应试技巧5 语境暗示 有时命题人在题干中不明确将语言时间或空间背景标示出来，而是比较巧妙地隐含在句子中，稍不注意就会错选，语境暗示要把握上下文的时间隐含、语义信息等线索，还要注意文化差异。 1. — What an amazing film! It’s the most
interesting film I’ve ever seen.
— But I’m sure it won’t interest ____.
A. somebody B. anybody
C. nobody D. everybodyBut转变第一个句子的意思，Some are interested , while some are not interested. 部分否定应试技巧5 语境暗示2. — _____ Mr Smith ____ this week?
— No. He is on holiday.
A. Has; worked B. Does; work
C. Did; work D. Is; workingHe is on holiday, 如果相反，则应说He is working.应试技巧5 语境暗示3. — Will you please repeat your idea?
— Certainly. But I think it certain you
____ your attention.
A. don’t pay B. didn’t pay
C. weren’t paying D. aren’t paying语境理解出pay的动作发生在刚才report的那个特定时间。应试技巧5 语境暗示There was a lot of fun at yesterday’s party. You____ come ,but why didn’t you? A. must have B. should C. need have D. ought to have 语义信息为：过去应该做的事情而事实上没有去做。should / ought to have done应试技巧5 语境暗示---- My daughter has passed the exam.
---- Congratulations! She’s really intelligent. ----_____. A. No, no, she is nothing
B. Oh, thank you!
C. Sometimes she is intelligent
D. You are right应试技巧5 语境暗示应试技巧6 – 关键词有些试题要抓住抓住关键词，使知识点和能力点具体化，利于快速确定正确答案。1. — Can you come to attend our party tonight?
— Sorry, but I do wish I ____.
A. had B. can
C. will D. could抓住Wish的用法，后面从句用虚拟语气，和虚拟语气基本用法类似。应试技巧6 抓住关键词I wish it were spring all the year round.
We wish we had arrived there two hours earlier.2. It is necessary that people both young and old in China ______ some English to be prepared for the Olympic Games to be held in Beijing in 2008.
A. learn B. will learn
C. must learn D. have learnedIt is necessary that sb. should do sth.应试技巧6 抓住关键词3. — Which of those electronic
dictionaries do you like most?
— ____. They are both expensive and
of little use.
A. None B. Both
C. Neither D. Allmost 暗示了是三者以上的选择
They are both expensive and of little use.说明了答案是否定.应试技巧6 抓住关键词both 此句中不是指两者之间，是固定搭配。4. Zhang Hua is clever and works hard at his lessons. _________.
A. So is Li Ming
B. So does Li Ming
C. It was the same with Li Ming
D. So it is with Li Mingis和works无法用一个助动词代替，即：A和B各代替一个动词，用固定句型。应试技巧6 抓住关键词应试技巧7 – 排除法 在四个选项中,一般只有一个或两个最具有迷惑性,做题时应首先排除错误较明显的选项,把注意力锁定在难以确定的选项上,仔细推敲,最后选出最佳答案.应试技巧7 – 排除法An awful accident ,however,
occur the other day.
A. does B. did
C. has to D. had to从句中的时间状语the other day可知动词应该用过去时态,故先排除A、C两项，D项填入句中明显不合逻辑，故只能选B.应试技巧7 – 排除法2. ---Has Mary finished writing the article?
---No, and it before class was over.
A. should be finished
B. should finish
C. should have finished
D. should have been finished从逻辑关系看，答语应该使用被动语态，排除B、C两项，before引导的时间状语从句使用的是一般过去时，文章应该在这个时间之前完成，所以选D.应试技巧7 – 排除法
答 题 指 导高考英语专题复习 高 考 题 型专 题 复 习
灵 活 性 较 高迷 惑 性 较 大试 题 题 干 新 颖交 际 性 原 则 明 确语 境 地 位 突 出知 识 覆 盖 面 广单项填空的命题要点连词、代词
形容词、副词
介词搭配
惯用短语
短语动词
情态动词
动词语态
句子结构
动词时态
非谓语动词
交际和文化一、记忆、理解和灵活运用英语中习惯用
语的能力
二、基础词汇的辨析能力
三、语法词汇知识在具体语境中 的辨析
和灵活运用能力
四、正确分析句子结构的能力
五、排除思维定势干扰的能力
六、捕捉句中隐含信息的能力1 创设语境
2 设置干扰
3 思维定势
4 汉英差异
5 曲折表达1)打乱句型
2)插入语干扰
3)标点干扰 4)省略句干扰设置干扰１. 调 序 法２. 还 原 法3. 省 略 法4. 结 构 法５. 语 境 法6. 关 键 词7. 排 除 法 应试技巧1 -- 调序法 把不熟悉的疑问句变为陈述句，被动语态变为主动语态，倒装语序变为陈述语序，更准确地分析句子结构，更容易了解其意义，从而使题目变得简单。应试技巧1 -- 调序法 1. Who is it up _____ decide whether to go
or not?
A. to to B. to C. for to D. to for变为陈述句
It is up to who to decide whether to go or not.Who is it up to to decide whether to go or not?应试技巧1 -- 调序法2. Is this research center ____ you visited the modern equipment last year?
A. where B. the one that
C. that D. the one whereThis research center is the one where you visited the modern equipment last year.应试技巧1 -- 调序法3. Whom would you like to have ___ with me?
A. went B. to go C. gone D. goYou would like to have whom ___ with me.goIs ____ likely to be any food at the party on Sundays?
A. he B. it C. there D. that _______ is likely to be any food at the party on Sundays?There应试技巧1 -- 调序法( ) 4. Word has been put forward ___ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.
A. which B. that C. when D. asThey have put forward word______ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.thatword = more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.应试技巧1 -- 调序法5. Our time should be made good use of____.
A. study B. studied
C. studying D. to studyWe should make good use of our time __________.to study不定式作目的状语。应试技巧1 -- 调序法6. Never ____ time come back again. A. will lose B. will lost C. will losing D. will to loseLost time will never come back again.
Never will lost time come back again.应试技巧1 -- 调序法分词作状语变成相应的定语从句或状语从句
考查定语从句时将先行词放在从句中还原成通顺句子
承前省略句根据问句还原成完整句子，这样很容易做出正确的判断。应试技巧2-- 还原法应试技巧2 – 还原法1.____ as the "first lady of speech", Dr, Lillian
Glass is recognized as one of the world’s leading experts on communication skills.
A. Knowing B. Having known
C. Known D. To be known首先确定非谓语动词作状语，排除不定式（不是表示目的），然后还原成状语从句.Because she was known as the "first lady of speech", Dr, Lillian Glass is recognized as one of the world’s leading experts on communication skills.(Because she was)应试技巧2-- 还原法Dr, Lillian Glass2. The manager discussed the plan that they would like to see____ the next year.
A. carried out B. carrying out
C. carry out D. to carry outThey would like to see the plan (=that/ which) carried out the next year.应试技巧2-- 还原法根据前面的句子还原为：
Losing her new bicycle made Mary so upset.3. ----What do you think made Mary so upset? ----____ her new bicycle. A. As she lost B. Lost C. Losing D. Because of losing 应试技巧2-- 还原法 对于含有插入语或从句的复杂句子，如果不考查此部分，首先应分析语境及句子结构，找出并在省略插入语或去掉与选项不相关从句的情况下，重新分析句子结构，复杂的句子结构就简单了；如果考察此部分，也缩小了语境。应试技巧3-- 省略法应试技巧3 – 省略法 Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, ____ of course, made the others unhappy.
A. who B. which C. this D. whatDorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, ____ (of course, ) made the others unhappy.应试技巧3-- 省略法 2. John plays football ____ if not
better than David.
A. so well B. as well as
C. as well D. so well asJohn plays football as well as (David), if not better than David.应试技巧3-- 省略法 3. The person we spoke to ___no answer at first. A. make B. making C. makes D. made The person （we spoke to） _______ no answer at first.made应试技巧3-- 省略法.4. The days we looked forward to ___at last. A. comes B. to come
C. came D. comingThe days (we looked forward to) _______ at last.came应试技巧3-- 省略法(we looked forward to) 对于复杂长句子，先划分从句，理清主句结构，确定试题考察那部分，特别要注意标点符号的作用。应试技巧4 – 结构法应试技巧4 结构法1. The student ____ my last letter is going to work in Tibet. A. referred B. referring in C. referred to in D. referring to The student (who was referred to in my last letter) is going to work in Tibet.应试技巧4 结构法2. The flowers ____ sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature. A. to smell B. smelling C. smelt D. to be smeltThe flowers (____ sweet in the botanic garden) attract the visitors to the beauty of nature.应试技巧4 结构法The flowers smell sweet…The flowers (smelling …)attract应试技巧4 结构法3. ____down the radio ---- the baby’s asleep in the next room. A. Turning B. To turn C. Turned D. Turn----/ ; = , + and /but / so/ for
由此判断出是并列句，前一个分句为祈使句。4. ____ is well known to all, the earth is round. A. That B. With C. It D. As( ____ is well known to all), the earth is
round.AsCf. It is well known to all that the earth is round.
It is well known to all; the earth is round.应试技巧4 结构法应试技巧5 – 语境暗示应试技巧5 语境暗示 有时命题人在题干中不明确将语言时间或空间背景标示出来，而是比较巧妙地隐含在句子中，稍不注意就会错选，语境暗示要把握上下文的时间隐含、语义信息等线索，还要注意文化差异。 1. — What an amazing film! It’s the most
interesting film I’ve ever seen.
— But I’m sure it won’t interest ____.
A. somebody B. anybody
C. nobody D. everybodyBut转变第一个句子的意思，Some are interested , while some are not interested. 部分否定应试技巧5 语境暗示2. — _____ Mr Smith ____ this week?
— No. He is on holiday.
A. Has; worked B. Does; work
C. Did; work D. Is; workingHe is on holiday, 如果相反，则应说He is working.应试技巧5 语境暗示3. — Will you please repeat your idea?
— Certainly. But I think it certain you
____ your attention.
A. don’t pay B. didn’t pay
C. weren’t paying D. aren’t paying语境理解出pay的动作发生在刚才report的那个特定时间。应试技巧5 语境暗示There was a lot of fun at yesterday’s party. You____ come ,but why didn’t you? A. must have B. should C. need have D. ought to have 语义信息为：过去应该做的事情而事实上没有去做。should / ought to have done应试技巧5 语境暗示---- My daughter has passed the exam.
---- Congratulations! She’s really intelligent. ----_____. A. No, no, she is nothing
B. Oh, thank you!
C. Sometimes she is intelligent
D. You are right应试技巧5 语境暗示应试技巧6 – 关键词有些试题要抓住抓住关键词，使知识点和能力点具体化，利于快速确定正确答案。1. — Can you come to attend our party tonight?
— Sorry, but I do wish I ____.
A. had B. can
C. will D. could抓住Wish的用法，后面从句用虚拟语气，和虚拟语气基本用法类似。应试技巧6 抓住关键词I wish it were spring all the year round.
We wish we had arrived there two hours earlier.2. It is necessary that people both young and old in China ______ some English to be prepared for the Olympic Games to be held in Beijing in 2008.
A. learn B. will learn
C. must learn D. have learnedIt is necessary that sb. should do sth.应试技巧6 抓住关键词3. — Which of those electronic
dictionaries do you like most?
— ____. They are both expensive and
of little use.
A. None B. Both
C. Neither D. Allmost 暗示了是三者以上的选择
They are both expensive and of little use.说明了答案是否定.应试技巧6 抓住关键词both 此句中不是指两者之间，是固定搭配。4. Zhang Hua is clever and works hard at his lessons. _________.
A. So is Li Ming
B. So does Li Ming
C. It was the same with Li Ming
D. So it is with Li Mingis和works无法用一个助动词代替，即：A和B各代替一个动词，用固定句型。应试技巧6 抓住关键词应试技巧7 – 排除法 在四个选项中,一般只有一个或两个最具有迷惑性,做题时应首先排除错误较明显的选项,把注意力锁定在难以确定的选项上,仔细推敲,最后选出最佳答案.应试技巧7 – 排除法An awful accident ,however,
occur the other day.
A. does B. did
C. has to D. had to从句中的时间状语the other day可知动词应该用过去时态,故先排除A、C两项，D项填入句中明显不合逻辑，故只能选B.应试技巧7 – 排除法2. ---Has Mary finished writing the article?
---No, and it before class was over.
A. should be finished
B. should finish
C. should have finished
D. should have been finished从逻辑关系看，答语应该使用被动语态，排除B、C两项，before引导的时间状语从句使用的是一般过去时，文章应该在这个时间之前完成，所以选D.应试技巧7 – 排除法