倒装[上学期]
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倒装：
英语中最基本的词序是主语在谓语动词的前面。如果把谓语动词放在主语前面，就叫做倒装。
a)完全倒装
将句子的主语和谓语完全颠倒过来，称之为完全倒装。
In came the headmaster, followed by a group of teachers.
b) 部分倒装
只将助动词、系动词或情态动词移至主语之前，谓语的其他部分仍保留在主语的后面，称之为部分倒装。
Seldom have we felt as comfortable as here.
I.完全倒装
1.以in, out, up, down, away, off, over, next, such, back等副词作状语置于句首
(1) Out rushed the students the moment the bell rang.
(2) Next came Tom.
The meat drops down into the fox’s mouth.
Down drops the meat into the fox’s mouth..
In he came and the lesson began.
2. 在由there, here, now, then引导的句子及
表示存在的句型there/here ( be, exist)中
Here comes the bus.
Then followed a shot of gun.
There exist different opinions on this question.
There are many students in the classroom.
Here you are.
There you go again.
3. 表示地点的词语（常为介词短语置于句首)
（注意主谓一致）
Between the two buildings stand some trees.
At the foot of the mountain runs a river.
4. 做表语的现在分词/过去分词/形容词，
用倒装时要完全倒装.
(1) Gone are the days when women are
looked down upon.
(2) Sitting at the back of the room was a
shy girl with two big eyes.
5. 在so/such…that 结构中的倒装。
(1) So loudly did he speak that even people
in the next room could hear him.
(2) So fast does light travel that it is difficult for
us to imagine its speed.
(3) So tired was he that he could hardly stand up.
(4) So shallow is the lake that no fish can live
in it.
6. so/neither/nor置于句首，表示前者
情况也适用于后者。
I saw the film last week, so did she.
If you don’t do the work, neither shall I.
注意：若后一句只是单纯重复前一句内容，
表示附和时，采用自然语序，意为“确实”
---- John won the first prize in the contest.
---- So he did.
如果前句的谓语是两类不同的动词或主语
既有人又有物时，用it is (the same) with
表示前句中所说的事情也适用于后者。
---- Davy has made great progress recently.
---- ____
____, and _______ .
A.So he has; so you have
B.So he has; so have you
C.So has he; so have you
D.So has he; so you have
7.直接引语的全部或一部分置于句首时。
“ Help! ” shouted the boy.
“ exactly,” said my father, shaking the old
man’s hand.
若引述动词后还有间接宾语或状语时，不倒装。
“ Why ” the teacher asked him.
“Both, sir.” he answered proudly.
II. 部分倒装
1.表达否定意义或半否定意义的副词、
介词短语、连词等置于句首时。
(1) Little did he know that the police were
around.
(2) Seldom have I seen such a big apple.
(3) At no time does he do something like this.
常见词语：never, little, no sooner…(than),
hardly, seldom, not, by no means, in no case,
in no time, not until, not a bit, scarcely,
barely, no longer, at no time,
hardly…when, not only…but also等
The old couple have been married for 40
years and never once ___ with each other.
A. they had quarreled
B. they have quarreled
C. have they quarreled
D. had they quarreled
2. 由only, not until引导的状语置于句首时。
Only by working hard can we succeed.
Not until the teacher came in did he
finish his homework.
Not until 1949 did the village have its own
School.
Only in this way ____ to make
improvement in the work.
A.you can hope
B.you did hope
C.can you hope
D.did you hope
3. as引导的让步状语从句。常将句中状语、
表语或动词提前；若表语是名词，不加冠词。
Clever as he is, he doesn’t study well.
Child as he is, he has been to many places.
Go as you may, you can’t see him.
____, I have never seen anyone who’s
as capable as John.
A.As long as I have traveled
B.Now that I have traveled so much
C.Much as I have traveled
D.As I have traveled to much
4. 省略if的虚拟条件句，以had/were/should
开头。
(1) If she were my friend, I would ask her
for help.
Were she my friend, I would ask her
for help.
(2) If it should rain tomorrow, we should have
to put off the visit to the museum.
Should it rain tomorrow, we should have to
put off the visit to the museum.
_____ for the free tickets, I would
not havegone to see the film so often.
A.If it is not
B.Were it not
C.Had it not been
D.If they were not
5.Hardly(scarcely)…when (before)…
No sooner …than… “刚一……就……”
当Hardly(scarcely)， No sooner 放在句首时，用部
分倒装。但应注意：这类句型所用的时态，常用过去
完成时。
(1)Hardly had I got home when it began to rain.
(2)No sooner had she gone out than the telephone rang.
(3)No sooner had liu hui arrived than he received an exciting welcome.
6.Not only…but also…句型,当Not only放在句首时,使用部分倒装.
注意倒装位置: Not only分句倒装, but also分句不倒装.
(1)Not only can he speak English but also he can speak Japanese.
(2)Not only do I know her, but (also) I’m
her close friend.
7.频度状语放在句首时，使用部分倒装结构，但sometimes当放在句首时不倒装。
(1) Always does he ask questions like that .
(2) Often does the girl help her mother with some housework.
1 Seldom __ late___ the office.
A he comes, for B he comes, to
C does he come, for D does he come, to
2 _____, she played the best in her team.
A Short as she was B As she was short
C Short although he was
D short as was she
3 Round the corner ____.
A the police car comes B does the police
car come C comes the police car
D do the police car come
4 Not only ___the car he __ been sold by his
son for gambling debts but also his new house
A / , has B has, had C has, has D was , has
5 Alice trusts you ; ___ her to give up the
foolish idea.
A only you can persuade
B only can you attract C only you can suggest
D only can you persuade
6 Little ___ about his own health though he
was badly ill.
A he cared B did he care
C he cares D does he care
英语中最基本的词序是主语在谓语动词的前面。如果把谓语动词放在主语前面，就叫做倒装。
a)完全倒装
将句子的主语和谓语完全颠倒过来，称之为完全倒装。
In came the headmaster, followed by a group of teachers.
b) 部分倒装
只将助动词、系动词或情态动词移至主语之前，谓语的其他部分仍保留在主语的后面，称之为部分倒装。
Seldom have we felt as comfortable as here.
I.完全倒装
1.以in, out, up, down, away, off, over, next, such, back等副词作状语置于句首
(1) Out rushed the students the moment the bell rang.
(2) Next came Tom.
The meat drops down into the fox’s mouth.
Down drops the meat into the fox’s mouth..
In he came and the lesson began.
2. 在由there, here, now, then引导的句子及
表示存在的句型there/here ( be, exist)中
Here comes the bus.
Then followed a shot of gun.
There exist different opinions on this question.
There are many students in the classroom.
Here you are.
There you go again.
3. 表示地点的词语（常为介词短语置于句首)
（注意主谓一致）
Between the two buildings stand some trees.
At the foot of the mountain runs a river.
4. 做表语的现在分词/过去分词/形容词，
用倒装时要完全倒装.
(1) Gone are the days when women are
looked down upon.
(2) Sitting at the back of the room was a
shy girl with two big eyes.
5. 在so/such…that 结构中的倒装。
(1) So loudly did he speak that even people
in the next room could hear him.
(2) So fast does light travel that it is difficult for
us to imagine its speed.
(3) So tired was he that he could hardly stand up.
(4) So shallow is the lake that no fish can live
in it.
6. so/neither/nor置于句首，表示前者
情况也适用于后者。
I saw the film last week, so did she.
If you don’t do the work, neither shall I.
注意：若后一句只是单纯重复前一句内容，
表示附和时，采用自然语序，意为“确实”
---- John won the first prize in the contest.
---- So he did.
如果前句的谓语是两类不同的动词或主语
既有人又有物时，用it is (the same) with
表示前句中所说的事情也适用于后者。
---- Davy has made great progress recently.
---- ____
____, and _______ .
A.So he has; so you have
B.So he has; so have you
C.So has he; so have you
D.So has he; so you have
7.直接引语的全部或一部分置于句首时。
“ Help! ” shouted the boy.
“ exactly,” said my father, shaking the old
man’s hand.
若引述动词后还有间接宾语或状语时，不倒装。
“ Why ” the teacher asked him.
“Both, sir.” he answered proudly.
II. 部分倒装
1.表达否定意义或半否定意义的副词、
介词短语、连词等置于句首时。
(1) Little did he know that the police were
around.
(2) Seldom have I seen such a big apple.
(3) At no time does he do something like this.
常见词语：never, little, no sooner…(than),
hardly, seldom, not, by no means, in no case,
in no time, not until, not a bit, scarcely,
barely, no longer, at no time,
hardly…when, not only…but also等
The old couple have been married for 40
years and never once ___ with each other.
A. they had quarreled
B. they have quarreled
C. have they quarreled
D. had they quarreled
2. 由only, not until引导的状语置于句首时。
Only by working hard can we succeed.
Not until the teacher came in did he
finish his homework.
Not until 1949 did the village have its own
School.
Only in this way ____ to make
improvement in the work.
A.you can hope
B.you did hope
C.can you hope
D.did you hope
3. as引导的让步状语从句。常将句中状语、
表语或动词提前；若表语是名词，不加冠词。
Clever as he is, he doesn’t study well.
Child as he is, he has been to many places.
Go as you may, you can’t see him.
____, I have never seen anyone who’s
as capable as John.
A.As long as I have traveled
B.Now that I have traveled so much
C.Much as I have traveled
D.As I have traveled to much
4. 省略if的虚拟条件句，以had/were/should
开头。
(1) If she were my friend, I would ask her
for help.
Were she my friend, I would ask her
for help.
(2) If it should rain tomorrow, we should have
to put off the visit to the museum.
Should it rain tomorrow, we should have to
put off the visit to the museum.
_____ for the free tickets, I would
not havegone to see the film so often.
A.If it is not
B.Were it not
C.Had it not been
D.If they were not
5.Hardly(scarcely)…when (before)…
No sooner …than… “刚一……就……”
当Hardly(scarcely)， No sooner 放在句首时，用部
分倒装。但应注意：这类句型所用的时态，常用过去
完成时。
(1)Hardly had I got home when it began to rain.
(2)No sooner had she gone out than the telephone rang.
(3)No sooner had liu hui arrived than he received an exciting welcome.
6.Not only…but also…句型,当Not only放在句首时,使用部分倒装.
注意倒装位置: Not only分句倒装, but also分句不倒装.
(1)Not only can he speak English but also he can speak Japanese.
(2)Not only do I know her, but (also) I’m
her close friend.
7.频度状语放在句首时，使用部分倒装结构，但sometimes当放在句首时不倒装。
(1) Always does he ask questions like that .
(2) Often does the girl help her mother with some housework.
1 Seldom __ late___ the office.
A he comes, for B he comes, to
C does he come, for D does he come, to
2 _____, she played the best in her team.
A Short as she was B As she was short
C Short although he was
D short as was she
3 Round the corner ____.
A the police car comes B does the police
car come C comes the police car
D do the police car come
4 Not only ___the car he __ been sold by his
son for gambling debts but also his new house
A / , has B has, had C has, has D was , has
5 Alice trusts you ; ___ her to give up the
foolish idea.
A only you can persuade
B only can you attract C only you can suggest
D only can you persuade
6 Little ___ about his own health though he
was badly ill.
A he cared B did he care
C he cares D does he care