倒装[上下学期通用]

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名称 倒装[上下学期通用]
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科目 英语
更新时间 2008-11-04 20:44:00

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0倒装句
通常英语句子的主语是在谓语动词之前,这种语序称为自然语序;反之,如果谓语动词在主语前,这种语序就成为倒装语序。倒装语序又分为部分倒装(即把谓语动词的一部分移至主语前)和全部倒装(把整个谓语动词置于主语前)。单个的动词只用全部倒装。但是,如果表语,宾语,状语或宾语补足语等提到主语之前,则被称作前置。试对比:
eg. She is a nice girl.
Eg. Is she a nice girl
Eg. What a nice girl she is!
使用倒装主要有两种情况:一是由于一定的语法结构的需要;二是由于强调。
1. 在疑问句中或表示感叹的否定问句中用到装。
Do you like English
Eg. Isn’t she tall
如果主语或主语的定语是特殊疑问词,则要用自然语序:
eg. Who works the hardest
eg. Which team won the match
疑问句用自然语序常表示一种特殊感情:
eg. You have lost your pen。
2. 在There be 句型中(be 还可换成live, lie等表示状态的动词),要用全倒装.
Eg. There are a lot people in the hall.
Eg. Long long ago, there lived a king.
3. 以there, here , now , then 等引起的句子中,谓语动词常为be , come , go 等,要用全倒装。
Eg. There are some picture books.
e your turn.
如果主语是人称代词则不用倒装:
eg. Here they are.
4. 在so(肯定句),neither 和nor (f否定句)引起的句子中,表示前面的情况也适于另一个人或物时,用部分倒装:
eg. I went there yesterday. Do did she.
Eg. Tome doesn’t like bananas. Neither/ Nor do I.
如果只是重复前面一句话的意思,主语指同一人或物时,则不需要倒装。
Eg. ---It was cold yesterday . --- So it was.
5. 省略if的虚拟条件句中的部分倒装。
Eg. If I had listened to the teacher carefully, I would have known the answer.
= Had I listened to the teacher carefully ,…
6. 某些由as, be 等引导的让步壮语从句用倒装或前置:
eg. Everyone must obey the rule, be he a teacher or a student.
无论是老师还是学生,人人必须遵守这个制度。
Eg. Child as he is , he knows a lot.
7. 某些表示祝愿的句子中用倒装。
Eg. Long live China.
Eg. May your country become stronger.
8. “Only +状语”位于句首使用部分倒装
eg. Only in this way can you solve the problem.
★主句倒装从局不倒装:
eg. Only when the war was over could he go on studying.
★ “only +主语”位于句首时,不用倒装:
eg. Only he knows the answer.
9. 具有否定意义的词语(主语除外)位于句首时用倒装。
这类词有:not , never, seldom, rarely, hardly, not until, not only… but also…, neither…(nor), no sooner … than…, hardly / scarcely … when./ before…, by no means, in no times等。
Eg. Never shall I forget the day.
(比较:I shall never forget the day.)
eg. Not only does he like English, but also he learns it well.
Not only…but also…, neither… nor连接主语时,虽位于句首也不用倒装语序。
Eg. Not only I but also she likes English.
10. so/ such …that…结构中,so或such位于句首加强语气时,用倒装:
eg. So angry was he that he couldn’t speak.
11. in, out , away. off, up, down 等副词开头的句子中,为了使情景更生动,用完全倒装。
Eg. Up went the arrow into the air.
★ 主语是代词时不用倒装。
Eg. Away they went.
12. 整个(或部分)直接引语置于名词充当的主语前时,用完全倒装:
eg. “They must be in the fields now.”, thought Mr. LI.
★主语是人称代词时多部不用倒装。
倒装句
通常英语句子的主语是在谓语动词之前,这种语序称为自然语序;反之,如果谓语动词在主语前,这种语序就成为倒装语序。
倒装语序 : 部分倒装(即把谓语动词的一部分移至主语前)
全部倒装(把整个谓语动词置于主语前)。
定义: 为保持句子平衡或强调某一部分,把谓语一部分或全部放在主语前,主谓倒置。
一.全部倒装。
1. There be : eg. There are many students in the classroom.
2. 表方位,时间的副词放句首: here, there , in ,out, up, down, away, off, now, then.主语是代词时不倒装。(谓语动词常是come, go , rush, run ,lie, run . sit 等不及物动词)
eg. A scream of joy came then.
Eg. The price went up and up.
Eg. They rushed out in a hurry.
3. 表方位的介词放句首。
Eg. A professor stood in a lecture hall.
Eg. A house stood at the foot of a mountain.
4. 为了保持句子平衡,把表语提前进行强调。
Eg. The national flag was fastened to the pole.
Eg. The days are gone when the Chinese used the foreign oil.
二. 部分倒装。即把谓语动词的一部分移至主语前,如助动词或情态动词。
1. 具有否定含义的词放句首:(1) not/ never/ seldom/ neither/ nor/ little/ rarely/ scarcely
(2) in no case / at no time / by no means/ not … until / not only
no sooner… than/ scarcely/ hardly … when
eg. He not only likes English, but also he learns it well.
Eg. I have never met such a thing in my lifetime.
Eg. He did not make a single mistake.
Eg. China will be the first to use nuclear weapons at no time.
Eg. He did not finish the work until the teacher came.
Eg. He had no sooner left home than it began to rain .
2. 用 so (肯定句),neither 和nor (否定句)开头的句子中,表示“也是”,“也不是” (表示前面的情况也适于另一个人或物时),用部分倒装:(倒装句中谓语动词应与前一句谓语动词一致)
eg. I can’t swim , neither _______ I.
    eg. I went there yesterday . So _____ he.
Eg. Tom doesn’t like bananas . Neither / Nor ______ I.
3. “Only + 状语”放句首,状语只能是副词,介词短语,状语从句(主句倒装),使用部分倒装。
注: “Only +主语”不倒装。
Eg. I saw him only once.
Eg. You can work out the problem only in this way.
Eg. You can see it only when the summer comes.
Eg. He could go on studying only when the war was over.
4. as 引导让步状语从句句中倒装,如表语是名词单数,提到句首时不加冠词。
n./ adj/ adv./ v. + as + S +V
Eg. As he is a child , he knows a lot.
Eg. As he works hard , he can’t support his family.
Eg. As he would try, he couldn’t open it.
5. so… that…/ such … that…. ,从句中,把so, such短语置句首,主句主谓倒装。
Eg. There was such a noise that I can’t study.
Eg. He left in such a hurry that he forgot to lock the door.
Eg. He was so angry that he couldn’t say a word.
6. 虚拟语气中,省略if的虚拟条件句中的部分倒装(谓语动词有were, had, should 时把它们提到句首)
eg. If I were you , I would help her.
Eg. If I had not missed the train, I would have got home by now.
Eg. If I hadn’t been so busy , I would have helped you.
7. 在以often, always, many a time, now and then , every other day, then 作状语的词置句首用倒装。
Eg. I come to the hospital to see my sister every other day.
倒装句
1. Look!______ .
A. Here your teacher comes B. Comes here your sister
C. Your teacher comes here D. Here comes your teacher
2. On the ground ____ an old sick goat. As Crusoe looked at it, over ____, died.
A. was lying; the goat rolled B. lay; did the goat roll
C. lay; the goat rolled D. was lying; rolled the goat
3.Then ____ the Civil War.
A. did follow B. followed C. does follow D. following
4. North of Paris ____ the little town of Beauvais.
A. lays B. lies C. does lie D. does lay
5. Seeing many people coming, away ________.
A. the thief ran B. run the thief C. ran the thief D. did the thief run
6. Next door to ours ____ who is more less than eighty.
A. that lives an old man B. does an old man live C. lives an old man D. where lives an old man
7. --- Where is Mr Li ---_______
A. There comes he B. There he comes C. There does he come D. There he came
8. The boy let the birds out of the cage and ___
A. away they went B. away went they C. away did they go D. away
9. ____ on the shelf.
A. Two bottles are there B. There are two bottles C. Are there two bottles D. Two bottles there are
10. There happened to ____ a chance to visit the museum last month.
A. is B. live C. have D. be
11. "Is there anything I can do for you " _________.
A. Mrs Brown said B. Did Mrs Brown ask C. Mrs Brown did ask D. asked Mrs Brown
12._______ this way or that way A. Did I go B. Shall I go C. I sha11 go D. I should go
13. what ____ doing when you_____
A. they were; arrived there B. were they; got thereC. they were; reached thereD. were they; came here
14. He is a good student, and works very hard,______.
A. so it is with her B. so does she C. so is she D. neither does she
15. All animals need air. ____.A. So plants do B. So need plants C. So do plants D. Plants so need
16. Seldom ____ him before.
A. had I heard from B. have I heard C. have heard of D. have I heard about
17. Not only was she working hard,____.
A. how beautiful she was B. was she helpful C. but also she was polite D. what a beautiful girl
18. Not only ____,but also ____.
A. they sang; they danced B. did they sing; they danced
C. they sang; did they dance D. did they sing; did they dance
19. ____ I shouted at the top of my voice ____ turn round.
A. Not until; did he B. Not until; he did C. Until; did he not D. Until; he didn't
20. Only when you have finished your homework ____ go home.
A. can you B. would you C. you will D. you can
21. Only after liberation _______ to be treated as human beings.
A. did they begin B. they had begun C. they began D. had they begun
22. So loudly ____ that every one of the class could hear him.
A. did he speak B. he had spoken C. had he spoken D. he spoke
23. Many a time ____ swimming alone.
A. the boy went B. went the boy C. did the boy go D. did go the boy
24. ____, she was already a lawyer.
A. How young was she B. As she was young C. Young as she was D. Young although she was
25. ____, we shall go on a picnic.
A. The weather is fine B. Should the weather be fine C. The weather be fine D. Would the weather be fine
26. Only in this way _____ to make improvement in the operating system.
A. you can hope B. you did hope C. can you hope D. did you hope
27. Little ______ about his own safety , though he was in great danger himself.
A. does he care B. did he care C. he cares D. he cared
28. Not only _____ interested in football but _____ beginning to show an interest in it.
A. the teacher himself ; all his students are B. the teacher himself is; are all his students
C. is the teacher himself ; are all his students D. is the teacher himself ; all his students are
29. Not until all the fish died in the river _____ how serious the pollution was.
A. did the villagers realize B. the villagers realized
C. the villagers did realize D. didn’t the villagers realize
30. --- David has made great progress recently.
--- _________, and __________________.
A. So he has ; so you have B. So he has; so have you
B. So has he ; so have you D. So has he ; so you have
倒装句(2)
1. Rarely ______ such a good thing.
A. have I heard of B. I have heard of C. had I heard of D. have I been heard of
2. The door opened and there _______.
A. enters an old man B. entered an old man C. did an old man enter D. an old man enter
3. ______ received the law degree as today.
A. Never so many women have B. Never have so many women
C. The women aren’t ever D. Women who have ever
4. Only until his father was out of prison , ____ to school.
A. can Charlies go B. Charlies can go C. could Charlies go D. Charlies could go
5. Not only ______ the date fed into it, but it can also analyze them.
A. can the computer memorize B. the computer can memorize
C. do the computer memorize D.can memorize computer
6. So fast ____ that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed.
A. light travels B. travels the light C.do light travels D.does light travel
7. Across the river ____.
A. lies a new built bridge B. lies a newly built bridge
C. a new built bridge lies D. a newly built bridge lies
8.Mary never eats tomatoes and ____.
A. so doesn't Joan B. neither does not Joan C. neither does Joan D. so does Joan
9. Here ____ you want to see.
A. comes the comrade B. came a comrade C. the comrade comes D. is coming a comrade
10. —I want a pair of tennis shoes, please.
—____ . How do you like this pair
A. Here you are B. Here are you C. You are here D. There are you
11. Never ____ so many fairy tales before.
A. had I heard B. have I heard from C. have heard D. have I heard
12. The teacher asked me to sit down and ___
A. so I did B. I did C. so did I D. I do so
13. Little ____ know about verbs. Little Franz ____ his head.
A. did he; dared not lift B. did he; dared not to lift
C. he did; didn't dare lift D. I didn't he; didn't dare to lift
14. Oh, look! ____.
A. Out a girl went B. Went a girl out C. Away went a girl D. Away a girl went
15. Not a single mistake ____ in the exam yesterday.
A. is make by him B. did he make C. he made D. had been make by him
16. ____ there can you see it clearly.
A. Only standing B. When you only stand C. Standing only D. Only stand
17. Only because of his trembling hands ____ stop his teaching.
A. was he had to B. had he to C. he had to D. does he have to
18. At the gate ____ a man ____ rags.
A. lying; in B. lain; wearing C. lay; dressing D. lay; in
19. —Shall I go to the cinema with them —____, I would go.
A. If I am you B. If I was you C. Were I in your position D. If I had been you
20. So quickly ____ the boy ____ his summer vacation homework ____ he was praised.
A. does; finish; and B. did; finish; than C. had; finished; when D. did; finish; that
21. ____ a reading lamp on the table.
A. There has B. It has C. There is D. It is .
22.Now ____ Wang's turn to recite the text.
A. there is B. is going C. has come D. comes
23. Hearing the cat mewing, off ____.
A. fled all the mice B. away fled the mice C. all the mice fled away D. fleeing all the mice
24. ____ reading and speaking English every day, he would speak it well enough now.
A. Had he practised B. Did he practise C. Should he practise D. Were he to practise
25. ____, she is quite experienced in the work.
A. As she is young B As young she is C. Young as she is D Though young
26. Seldom ____ late ____ the office.
A. does he come; for .B he comes; for C. does he come; to ...D he comes; to
27. So tired ____ after a whole day's heavy work that I ____ stand on my feet.
A. was I; could hardlyB. was I felt; could hardly C. was I; couldn't hardlyD. I was; hardly couldn't
8. Only in this way ____ expect to get over so many difficulties.
A we were sure B. can we C. that we can D. hat can we
29. _____ are the days when teachers were looked down upon.
A Gone B. Go C To go D.Going
30. There ____ shouts for help from the river.
A are coming B. came C. did come D. comes
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