Unit 13 The Water Planet
The topic of this unit is “water”, including the properties of water, estuaries, the ocean and the importance of using and protecting our water. In the warming up, there are four experiments related to water for the Ss to tell the results and explain the reasons. The listening part is about the story of an adventurous sea journey—“The rime of the old mariner”, written by the English poet Coleridge. In the speaking part, Ss will see some pictures showing some examples of how we use water in different ways. Ss will talk with their partners about the importance of using and protecting our water. The reading passage is “the properties of water”, introducing the chemical structure, salinity, density, heat capacity and ocean motion. The language study is designed to get the Ss to do some vocabulay exercises and review the modal verbs. In the Integrating Skills, the Ss is given a passage about nature’s nursery: estuaries to read and write a paragraph to answer the questions, using the knowledge learned in this unit.
To get more output from the Ss, we must give them more input. Reading is a kind of input. The main topic of the unit is “water”, so the Ss must know the basic knowledge of water at first so that they can use what they have learned about the matter to explain some phenomena and to have discussions with their partners. So I put the reading as the first lesson of the Unit and have the warming up activity as one of the reading activities to check the Ss’ understanding of the reading passage. The second period is a kind of output, that is to have discussions about the using and protecting of water; while the third period is about the tale or story about water and the fourth period the protection of oceans.
Period 1 Reading
Goals
1. Provide the Ss with the opportunity to know about the water planet and the properties of water.
2. Help the Ss explain some phenomena using the knowledge they learned from the reading material.
3. Help the Ss know the importance of water to human beings and the planet.
4. Improve the Ss’ability of reading comprehension.
Procedures
Step 1. Leading in
Show the Ss the picture of “the water planet” and ask:
What’s this / What color is it / Why is it blue
Then ask:
1.What else have you learned about water and the water planet
2.what would happen if there were no water on our planet
3.Do you know any properties of water
Purpose: 1. get the Ss to know the topic of this unit—water and the water planet.
2. Arouse the Ss interest of learning the properties of water.
Step 2. Scanning
Get the Ss to scan the passage to know what properties of water are mentioned in the reading passage. (Explain some words of the properties if necessary.)
Purpose: To get the Ss to know the properties of water and train their ability to scan a passage.
Step 3. Skimming
Get the Ss to read the passage carefully and complete the chart below.
Property What is it What is it good for
Chemical structure
Density
Heat capacity
Purpose: To get the Ss to know the details of the properties of water and train their ability of skimming.
Step 4. Experiments
Get the Ss to do the following experiments that will illustrate some of the key properties of water. Ask them to examine them carefully and explain what happens and why, using the information from the reading material.
Experiment 1: Pour water and vegetable oil into a glass. What happens why
Experiment 2: Fill one glass with fresh water and another glass with salt water. Put an ice cube in each glass. What happens Why
Experiment 3: put a piece of chalk in water for 24 hours. What happens Why
Then show them two pictures of people who are floating on the surface of Dead Sea. Ask them to explain how they can do this.
Purpose: To help the Ss use what they have learned from the reading passage to explain some phenomena.
Step 5. Concluding
Ask: Why must we learn about the properties of water
Purpose: To draw a conclusion of the reading passage and get the Ss to know the importance of using and protecting water and raise their awareness of water protection.
Period 2 Speaking
Goals: 1. Talk about using and protecting water.
2. Practise making suggestions and expressing opinions.
Step 1. Speaking
Show the Ss some pictures that show some examples of how we use water in different ways—electricity, agriculture, home use, industry, transport and entertainment. Ss will talk with their partners about the importance of using and protecting our water.
Provide them with the following questions and the useful expressions to make suggestions and express opinions.
Questions:
1. How is the water being used in …
2. Why do we use water in this way
3. Is it a good way to use water
4. Who benefits from using water in this way
5. What are the disadvantages if doing so
6. Can you think of a better way to solve the problem
7. What will we do if …
Useful expressions:
The water being used to/for…
We should/could …
What will we do if …
If we …, we can …
It would be better to …
Can you think of a better way to …
Purpose: To talk about using and protecting water and practise asking suggestions and expressing opinions at the same time.
Step 2. Making a poster
Get the Ss to design a poster to show people the importance of using and protecting our water planet!
Purpose: To raise the Ss’ awareness of environmental protection.
Period 4 Listening
Goals: 1. Develop the Ss’ listening abilities.
2. Get them to listen to the poem by Coleridge—The Rime of the Old Mariner
Step 1 Introduction
Introduce Coleridge to the Ss.
Purpose: To give the Ss a chance to know some background knowledge about the poet and the poem they are to listen about.
Step 2 Listening
Play the tape for the Ss to listen and answer the questions on the textbook.
Part 1
1.Who tells the story in the poem
2.What does one of the sailors do
3.What do you think will happen next
4.Why are the sailors frightened
Part 2
1. What happens to the sailors
2. What happens to the mariner Why
3. Why is the person telling the story
Purpose: To improve the Ss’ listening abilities.
Step 3 Story-telling
Get the Ss to tell the story listened from the tape( show them some pictures at the same time)
Purpose: To enable the Ss to retell the story, using their own language, to improve their abilities of thinking in English.
Step 4 Story-making
There are many poems about the ocean and the life of sailors and fishermen. Get the Ss to work in groups and see whether they can find another poem or story like this.
If not, ask them to make up a good, scary story like the one about the mariner
Purpose: To improve the Ss’ abilities of language organizing.
Period 5 Integrating Skills
Step 1. Reading
A. Fast reading
Get the Ss to read the passage quickly to find the topic sentence of each paragraph and tell the structure of the passage.
B. Intensive reading
Get the Ss to read the passage carefully and answer the following questions.
1.Why are estuaries such good places for nature's young ones
2.What does density mean in this passage
3.How do estuaries affect the water that passes through them
4.Why are estuaries more sensitive to pollution than other areas
5.Why are estuaries important to human beings
C. Word study
Get the Ss to match the new words and their meanings.
Purpose: To train the Ss’ abilities of reading comprehension and know the structure of the passage.
Step 2 Project—Caring for the living thins in the oceans
Show the Ss some pictures of ocean pollution and get the Ss to summarize the problems the living things in the oceans are facing. Give them the following questions for reference.
1. What’ the problem with life in the oceans
2. What has caused the problem
3. What’s the relationship between human beings and the oceans
4. What can we do to protect the sea
Organize the Ss to write the passage according to the following writing activities.
Pre-writing
1. Look through the given information carefully and get a general idea about what to write.
2. Write out / draw up an outline. Generally speaking, some key words, key expressions or key sentences.(Remember to cover all the key points. )
3. Decide which verb tense/tenses you are to use.
While-writing
When you are working on your writing, pay attention to your handwriting, meanwhile, polish each sentence by using good expressions and structures, making sure what you’ve written is logical.
How to polish your writing
By using with structure
By using inversion structure
By using doing/done
By using compound sentence
By using set phrases and sentence structures
By using proper conjunctions and adverbs
Post-writing
Check the whole passage to make sure that there are no mistakes. (Look out for silly mistakes, which can spoil your writing.)
Purpose: To raise the Ss’ awareness of environmental protection and develop the Ss’ writing abilities..高中英语新教材Unit11教案
一、教学分析
1、教材内容分析
本单元围绕“Scientific achievements”这一中心话题，从科学家、科学假说、科学理论、科学探索等方面设计听、说、读、写等一系列教学活动。“Warming up”部分设置了三个问题，要求学生就重要的科学成就进行讨论，从而帮助学生认识重要的科学成就，了解科学成就对社会发展、人类进步的重大贡献，同时激发学生热爱科学、投身于科学研究的热情，探索科学研究的方法。“Listening”部分设计了两道材料问题和一道开放性的情景话题。主要培养学生捕捉和筛选信息的能力，然后要求学生在一定语言输入后进行语言输出，旨在培养学生的想象能力和应用能力，通过自己的语言体会重大科学成就的意义。“Speaking”部分重点训练表达意图和愿望的日常交际用语，以五人小组的活动形式组织学生扮演科学家的角色，陈述各人的研究方向并阐明其重要性来申请科研经费。“Reading”部分为一篇介绍中关村的形成、发展及其重要意义的记叙文。通过对文章的理解，学习中关村人的创业精神。“Language study”部分由词汇和语法两部分组成，该部分不仅教授了四种构词法知识，更鼓励学生通过四项练习，运用构词法知识提高阅读能力。“Integrating skills”部分设计了一个阅读和写作的练习，在学生了解四大科技成就及其重要性后，要求学生略加扩充写一篇最伟大的科学成就的文章。“Tips”部分提出了说服性写作必须论点明确、论据充分，为写作提供了写作方法。
2、教学重点、难点:
本单元的重点在于借助“高科技成就”这一话题，学习、复习涉及这一话题的有关语言知识和语言技能（见教学目标），激发学生热爱科学、奋发图强、献身于科学的热情。
本单元的难点在于培养学生充分利用已有的英语知识表达自己，谈论科学家、科学成就、理想抱负。
二、教学目标
1、语言知识目标
1） 要求学生掌握必要的单词、词组和句型：solar, constitution, private, grasp…It’ likely that…, make it possible for sb to do sth…,etc.
2） 掌握一定量的表达“wishes and intentions”的交际功能用语。
3） 同时要求学生掌握本单元出现的构词法及一些常见的前缀后缀及词根的意义。
2、语言技能目标
通过本单元的内容培养学生良好的“听、说、读、写”的技能，使学生能运用所学的知识解决相关情景中的一些类似问题，并能结合所给任务，综合运用新旧知识解决问题，完成任务，在此基础上鼓励学生大胆地根据各自的语言基础与能力，有个性地解决问题，就科学成就提出独特的见解。
3、情感目标
1）激发学生并提高学习英语的兴趣， 乐于接受新鲜事物，勇于尝试：体现课堂教学“主体者”的身份，积极主动地参与教学各环节，成为学习的主人：具有个性，培养创造能力。
2）培养同学之间日常融洽相处的感情，乐于合作，善于合作的团体合作精神。
3）通过课文中出现的科学家及科学成就激励学生热爱科学、投身科学研究、探索科学研究的方法
三、教学策略
1）开放式教学策略。以有限的课堂为载体，带学生进入广阔的知识天地。
2）引趣激趣策略。创设多种情景（境）激发学生的兴趣，只有让学生真正有了参与的欲望，才能点燃他们的思维火花。
3)合作学习策略。合作学习强调通过师生、生生的多边互动进行人际交往、信息交流，能满足学生个体内部需要。
4)体验成功策略。使学生在特定的完成任务过程主动积极地获得和积累相应的学习经验，享受成功的喜悦，从而提高学习兴趣和成就动机。
四、学习策略
引导学生利用图书馆和网络资源进行一系列的自主学习、合作探究的学习策略。对于本单元鼓励学生课前收集科技成就、中关村和美国的硅谷的资料，上课时勤思考、主动参与课堂上的各种活动。
五、单元教学设计
依据《新课程标准》及对于学生教学目标的要求，课堂设计本着教学应“以人为本”的总的教学理念，课堂中充分利用网络资源、设计相应难度的任务，以增加教学的直观性和趣味性，提高教学效率。根据学生学习英语的特点和规律，学习阶段的侧重点，我把本单元划分六课时完成：听力、口语、阅读（2课时）、语言、写作、评价。
Period 1 Warming-up & listening
Goals: 1. Get the Ss to talk about what science and scientific achievements have affected the world to stimulate them to further efforts.
2. Cultivate the students’ ability of listening for information.
一、Warming up
Task 1.Greeting: Have a free chat with the Ss about their holidays to present the topic scientific achievements
Task 2. Match the scientists and their scientific achievements （group work）
Alexander Bell electricity
Thomas Edison the First telephone
the Wright Brothers‘ the electric Lamp
Madame Curie black holes in Universe
Franklin Theory of Gravity
Steven Hawking the First Plane
Elbert Einstein Radium
Isaac Newton the Theory of Relativity
Task 3. Talk about scientific achievements
1) How have the scientific achievements changed the world
2) Which one do you think is the most important Why
3) What are some other scientific achievements that you think are important
4) Do these achievements have anything in common If so, what
Task 4. Discussion (pair work)
Is this an easy job to achieve success in science research What makes a scientist
二、Pre-listening
Task Get to know Neil Armstrong, Alexander Gramham Bell, Ray Tomlinson and Armchimedes.
三、Listening
Task 1. Listen to part 1 and complete the chart below.
Words Speaker Achievement
“That’s one small step for a man , one giant leap for mankind Neil Armstrong
“Mr Watson, ______________; I want you.” Alexander Graham Bell
“QWERTYUIOP” Ray Tomlinson
Can you explain Tomlinson’s message
Task 2 .Listen to part 2 and complete the sentence below.
1.The word “ “ are famous because they are the
of The Constitution of the United States of America.
2.Eureka is a word from the language and means
3.If you ask a father, he might say : “ “
If you ask a mother, she might say : “ “
四、Post-listening (group work)
Language input: As what you have heard just now, some words become famous not because they are beautiful or wise but because they are spoken when a great new scientific achievement is being announced or made. If you are lucky enough to be the first person…., what would you say
Task: Choose one situation and then share with your partners.
A the first person on Mars
B the first cloned human being
C the first person to travel in time
五、Homework
1 Listen to the tape, finish the listening part on WB (p81).
2 Preview the reading passage.
Period Two Speaking
Goals:1.Learn and master the useful expressions
2.Train the students’ listening and speaking abilities.
3.Talk about scientists and scientific achievement, urging the students to further understand the significant of science and scientific achievement and encouraging them to work hard at their lessons.
一、Pre-task
Another new year began. Have you got any wishes/ plans What are they With your plan made, what intentions have you got In this way the following expressions are aroused.
Useful expressions
If I got the money, I would…My plan is to…..I hope that…I would rather….How I wish… I want / wish/ hope / intend/ plan to…I’d like to…I’m thinking of…I’m going to….I have decided to…
二、Speaking (group work)
Situation: Four scientists ,each of whom is working on an important project, want to get money to complete their project. Each scientist will introduce his or her project and explain why it is the most important. The organizer will listen to all the scientists and ask questions. At the end of the discussion, he or she must decide who will get the money and why.
Dr WilsonYou and your team are working on a cure for AIDS. Your research is extremely important because . Dr JonesYour research project is about cloning and how to use the new technology to cure diseases. Your project is important because .
Dr SmithYou want to development new technology that will make it possible to grow food in areas where there is very little water. This is important because . Dr WinfreyYou are working on sending a manned spaceship to Mars. This is a very important project because .
三、Post task
1.Just now you did a very good job in acting as a scientist. Do you want to be a scientist If so, which field are you interested in If not, what do you want to be Use the expressions of wishes and intentions to talk about your dream.
2. Imagine you are a reporter who is going to report the space hero about his wishes and intentions. Take turns acting as interviewer and interviewee.
四、Homework
1. Interview your parents about their wishes and intentions using the expressions we learent.
2. Preview the reading passage.
Period 3&4 Reading
Goals: 1.Learn and master the following words and phrases. likely, private, master, perfect, arrange, set foot (in), rely on, failure, locate, valley.
2.Train the Ss’ reading ability.(Read for general information and detailed information.)
3.Get the Ss to learn about Zhongguancun——China’s Silicon Valley.
一、Pre-reading
1.Are scientific achievements important How do they improve our daily life How do they improve society
2.Why do scientists spend so much time trying to achieve something
3.As is known to us, scientific achievements can not only make our life better, but also promote the development of mankind and society. So I want to run a hi-tech company, what should I arrange for What kind of support and environment would I need
4.What if I set up my company in Zhongguancun How much do you know about Zhongguancun
5.Do you know the sign “Lenovo” Where is it located
二、While-reading
1. Fast reading
Task: Read the text quickly and try to find information about Zhongguancun to finish the chart below.
Item Zhongguancun
Locating
Brief history
Spirit/culture
Educational institutions
Hi-tech companies
2、Careful reading
Task 1 : Get to know the outline of the text
1.Does this article have a topic sentence What is it
2.What are the supporting ideas
be home to
Zhongguancun: Center be home to
be home to
Task 2: Get to know detailed information
1.Why did Xiang Yufang study abroad and work abroad for a few years？
2.What made it possible for Xiang Yufang to return to China
3.How does Zhongguancun affect business
4..What are the two mottos mentioned in the text for the park
三、Listening & Questions
Task: Listen to the tape and finish the True or Fasle.
1. Zhongguancun is the new center for Chinese science and education
2. Within the next ten years, more than a hundred scientific and hi-tech companies moved into Zhongguancun.
3. Xiang Yufang studied abroad because he felt comfortable abroad.
4. More than 8,000 hi-tech companies in Zhongguancun. More than half of them are IT companies.
5. Zhongguancun park is home to Lenovo and Founder and more than 20 famous national companies.
6. The researchers and scientists know that the spirit and creativity they represent are no more than money.
四、Post-reading
Choose the correct answers. There may be more than one correct answer.
1.According to the author, Zhongguancun is home to .
A. some famous research institutes and universities B. many IT companies
C. more and more returned overseas Chinese D. a number of science parks.
2.What is NOT true about Zhongguancun
A. It is located in Haidian District, in northwestern Beijing.
B.It was set up as a special economic zone in the 1990s.
C. Most of its companies are doing IT business.
D. It is not a good place for new companies.
3.According to the reading, Xiang Yufang returned to China and opened a company in Zhongguancun because .
A. he wanted to see more of the world
B. he enjoyed working with the best scientists in his field
C. he could enjoy his work and contribute to his country at the same time
D. he missed his friends and family
4.According to the graph in the passage, how many of the people who work in Zhongguancun have a master’s degree or above
A. 25,000 B. 30,000 C. 35,000 D. 180,000
5.How is ‘failure” understood in Zhonguancun
A. There are fewer failure in Zhongguancun
B. Many of its researchers and scientists will try hard not to fail.
C. Failure is a necessary part of being successful.
D. The best thing about failure is that you learn every time you fail.
五、Discussion (group work)
Language input: In this class, we’ve learned more about Zhongguancun by reading the passage. As a new center of science and technology, it is known to the world. It is sometimes called “China’s Silicon Valley”. Do you know “Silicon Valley” Where is it When was it set up Why was it set up
Task: Work in groups of four to compare these two science parks and find out in which ways they are similar and different. You can refer to the following chart.
Hi-tech Park Silicon Valley Zhongguancun
When was it established
Why was it established
Where is it
What kinds of companies are located there
What are some famous companies
Why do people want to work there
六、Homework
1. Pick out some sentences you enjoy most, & try to recite them as possible as you can .
2. Consult the following websites.
http://www.zgc./ ( http: / / www.zgc. / )
http://www.siliconvalley.com/mld/siliconvalley/ ( http: / / www.siliconvalley.com / mld / siliconvalley / )
Period 5 Language Study
Goals: 1.Learn some words which are the closest in meaning.
2.Study the ways of forming a word.
3.Study the meaning of some affixes and stems.
一、Revision.
Task . Introduce Zhongguancun
二、Word study
Task 1. Use the clues below to guess the words
1.the opposite of “public” 2.a synonym of “depend”
3.the lowest or bottom part 4.of the sun
5.an organization for educational or research purpose.
6.unusually large person, animal, plant.
7.area or region with a particular feature or use.
8.without any fault or bad points.
Task 2. Choose the answer that is closest in meaning to the underlined part of each sentence.(P5)
三、Presentation
Task: Study the words on the screen and find out the ways of forming a word. (class work)
International=inter + national telephone= tele + phone Mankind=man + kind broadband=broad + band Extremely=extreme + ly manned=man + edHi-tech=high + technology e-mail=electronic mailIT=information + technology CSA=Chinese Space Agency
affixation: international, telephone, extremely, manned
Compounding: mankind, broadband
clipping: hi-tech, e-mail
abbreviation: IT, CSA
四、Practice
Task 1. Finish the Exx2-4 to understand how the words are formed.(P6)
Task 2. Get to know the meaning of stems and affixes. (pair work)
. Look at the stems and affixes on the screen. Match each of them with the right meaning on the right.
Trans- carry-graph seetele- belowsuper- lifeco- together/withvis- more than usualbio- farsub- across-port writing
Task 3. Word formation makes it easy for the Ss to guess the meaning of words using
context clues.
Use context clues and what you know about word parts to guess the meaning of the underlined words.
a.Many countries import most of the oil they use.
b.He studied biophysics at college.
c.It is very important to learn how to cooperate with others.
d.All you luggage will be transported to the destination by train.
e.My cousin has an excellent voice. Her dream is to become a superstar.
五、Consolidation
Read the news article and tell how the words in bold are formed (pair work)
Homework:
1. Finish off the exercises on the workbook.(p83-84.
2. Preview integrating skills
Period 6 Integrating Skills
Goals: 1.Learn and master the new words and phrases
2.Train the Ss’ integrating skills, especially reading and writing skills.
一、Revision
1. Ask the Ss to find some examples for each way of forming a word
2. Guess some new words with the help of word formation.
a. The average output of the factory is 20 cars a day.
b. She has written good essays before, but this one is substandard.
c. He is a kind of intellectual superman.
d. The lack of a common language made it very difficult to intercommunicate .
e. Transplant the seedlings into peaty soil.
3.Lead in: Human beings are creative, and many scientific achievements have been made in our history. What great inventions do you know in China’s history What red hot achievements do you know
二、Fast reading
1. What plan has helped Chinese scientists make many breakthroughs
2. Which scientific fields are mentioned in the text
三、Careful reading (group work)
Work in groups of four . Use what you have learnt from the text to complete the chart below.
Field Achievements Importance
Exploring space
Genetic research
Computer engineering
Medical science
四、Writing
1. Which words in the text can we use to describe scientific achievement
2. Situation: Do you know Modern Science They are thinking of writing an essay about the greatest scientific achievement but they find it difficult to decide . Write a short essay in about 150 words, telling them which achievement you have chosen and explaining why you think so. The following outline may be helpful to you.
Introduction: state your view
Outline body : give your reasons (at least 2)
Conclusion: summary
五、Self-Assessment
Using the assessing part on P.87, Ss are helped to review what they have learned or done in this unit learning. In this way they can learn to reflect and pay attention to their weak points in the later learning (the evaluation items can be adapted if appropriate).
教学反思
本单元的教学设计从学生实际出发，以科技成就为主线设计了若干情景与活动，旨在让学生积极参与学习活动，开口说英语，并使学生在轻松愉快的氛围中掌握语言知识，锻炼阅读理解能力。在教学实践中笔者体会到，教学应注意以下几点：：
1． 学生在合作中学习更有助于提高学生学习的积极性，以及课堂参与的积极性。所以应当发挥小组功能，在合作中操练。小组活动是课堂活动的主要形式，如何落实小组中各个学生的角色是组织好小组活动的关键。这需要教师长期的训练。
2．设计活动时要充分考虑学生的情感态度，要设法让学生在快乐中学习。但教师不能片面地追求所谓的“快乐”，一味强调课堂气氛的活跃，而忽视学生对知识的掌握和对学生能力的培养。
3．信息技术的运用要为教学服务，不可喧宾夺主。在教学过程与信息技术的整合过程中，教师应注意信息技术只是一种辅助手段，不能由它控制全部流程。同时也应有效地利用这种手段，加快课堂节奏，增加课堂容量，提高课堂教学效率，使课堂气氛更加活跃，让学生在轻松愉快的环境中得到感情上的升华。
4．要处理好实践与反思的关系。反思是实践的一面镜子，能折射出实践中的成功和不足之处，以期在以后的教学中借鉴成功，改进不足。
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10SEFCB2 Unit 16 The United States of America
一. 教材分析
1. 教学内容
本单元的中心话题是 “美国” ,课文围绕 “美国南部” 及 “美洲平原上的野牛” 展开, 让人感受美国的变迁过程. 本单元有助于培养学生跨文化交际意识,进一步拓宽视野,为终身学习奠定良好的基础.
“热身”(Warming up)部分, 给我们提供了三幅画面,有利于我们从宏观上和微观上把握美国地理特征.练习题引导学生从美国的历史渊源,经济等方面认识美国,有利于学生的探究学习.
“听力”(Listening) 部分设置了三个练习,由浅到深,层层深入. 练习1不仅有利于我们了解纽约市,而且有利于培养学生在听力中快速捕捉信息的能力. 练习2 和3有助于学生了解美国的背景知识,丰富学生的文化内涵.
“口语”(Speaking)部分要求学生根据提示描述一个场所.题目设置贴近学生生活. 教师除了课本所提示的说明处,还可以引导学生描述自己的学校.
“读前”(Pre-reading) 部分设计了两个练习.练习1要求学生列一份自己家乡的年表,并列出重要的事件以及变化过程,讨论其前因后果. 练习2 要求学生在年表上填写美国历史上发生的五件大事, 这有利于训练学生的逻辑思维能力,为阅读有关美国历史的课文做准备.
“阅读”(Reading)部分 “美国南部” (The American South), 介绍了南部------一部充满灾难的历史, 同时也是一部充满成功与希望的历史.文章重点介绍了美国南部佐治亚亚特兰大市自内战以来的发展和变化. 着重阐述了反对种族隔离制度斗争的美国民权运动, 及其杰出的领袖马丁.路德.金的斗争精神. 通过阅读这篇文章可以了解,美国是个多民族的多元文化国家. 由于文章涉及美国历史的变化, 城市的发展, 需要对比的手法描写, 本篇文章可称得上是一篇对比性写作的范文.
“读后”(Post-reading)部分练习1有利于学生通过实例来阐明观点. 练习2 要求学生进行两人小组讨论或者多人小组讨论, 题目强调了语篇意识,设置层次性强,有利于培养学生的思辨能力.
“语言学习”(Language Study)部分包含词汇和语法两部份. 词汇学习涉及构词法知识,设计新颖,看似简单,其实灵活, 有助于学生留意某些词加后缀时意义的变化, 有利于避免负迁移. 语法练习2考察学生在语篇中使用非限定动词的能力, 注重学生综合素质的提高.
“综合技能”(Integrating Skills)部分包含阅读和写作. 通过阅读 “美洲平原上的野牛” , 人们了解了美国历史上大规模屠宰野牛,破坏美洲草原生物链的教训. 写作部分要求学生写一封电子邮件, 帮助美国学生了解中国.这就需要学生在理解教材的基础上,从面积,人口,语言,民族,重要城市等方面比较美国于中国的区别.这项任务有利于提高学生的语言运用能力.特别是语言概括能力.
“学习建议”(Tips)部分指导要求学生开展写对比分析文章,以及学生写作时要注意的相关事项.
“复习要点”(Check points) 通过练习引导学生对非限定动词作一次小结,并对要求学生对描述处所的词汇进行一次小结,有利于培养学生的自学能力.
㈡. 教学目标
1． 语言知识
词汇：entry mental physical suffering greedy trader unemployment unrest sacrifice reconstruction former funeral dawn overcome insist plain resist chief afterwards widespread rot wildlife supply chain willing in vain take a chance leave alone insist on put on on sale in turn
语法：复习非限定动词
I don’t mind his being invited.
He hate being laughing at
She enjoys being interviewed.
It is important for lost time to be made up.
功能：描绘场所
What does your hometown look like
What does the landscape look like
Are there There is in the north.
How long/wide/high/tall is the….
It’s .. metres / feet long /wide/high/tall.
It looks like …….
2． 语言技能
听：听两段有关NY的短文，捕捉信息，改正错
说：用恰当的语言描述一个地方
读：掌握skimming scanning generalization taking notes 等微阅读技能。能欣赏对比性写作的文章
写：采用对比性手法写一段文章。
㈢. 教学重点和难点
重点：课文中出现的重要单词和词组的用法如：
insist on / leave alone / supply / be determined to do / be forced to do/resist
非谓语形式的用法
难点：采用对比性手法写作
非谓语形式用作定语的区别
二．课时安排和教学思路
本单元的中心话题是美国。我们将本单元的学习设计成从美国的东部经南部到西部的一次文化旅行。从美国的概况，东部城市（纽约和 Ellis Island），南部城市（Atlanta），和西部大草原（bison）来了解美国， 感受美国的变迁过程。。
Period 1 Warming up &speaking
本节课从一个“猜猜她是哪个国家”的游戏导入。接着通过美国地图和一张表格来了解她的概况。然后是一组图片（包括著名的城市和人物），目的是为听力和阅读做铺垫，降低难度。再做一个对错小测试，增加学生对美国的了解。根据游戏的做法进入口语部分。要求学生写一小段文字描述一个场所，用上useful expression, 让其他学生猜猜是哪里。在写之前先造句，掌握常用句型Are there… There is …..in the north ..。It is ….metres/ feet long/wide/ high/tall…. It looks like …..
Period 2 Listening &Reading
本节课的中心话题是东部城市纽约和 Ellis Island，通过听力和阅读两个环节完成。先从图片引出纽约城，进入听力。她是美国甚至世界重要的城市，有必要增加一些信息量所以要求学生再阅读一段短文（从高三阅读文章中摘出3小段），增加信息量。通过几个对错判断来检查学生的理解程度。
Period 3&4 Reading
首先播放两小段视频。一是描述美国南部过去灾难和战争的《飘》，另一个是展现Atlanta的现代与富裕。两者形成鲜明对比，自然导入本节课的学习内容。Skimming通过回答问题了解文章的篇章结构和中心内容。Scanning细节理解，主要是通过完成表格，来对比Atlanta的今天和昨天，突出文章重点(明白Atlanta为什么是典型的南部城市及她又克服了哪些困难才成为一个现代的大都市)及对比性写作的特点。听完课文录音后，要求学生完成一个任务设计，编一段对话。。假设你是一个历史系的学生来到Atlanta旅行，你的笔友带你参观Atlanta，你们一起讨论Atlanta的过去和现在。通过对话编写来检查学生对课文的理解掌握，复习所学的内容。最后拓展思维，不同文化背景的人生活在一个城市里，有何好处和不利之处。
Period 5 Language study
由听写导入复习部分词汇。然后复习构词法。接着是复习非谓语的被动形式。最后通过选择题全面检查学生对这语法项目的掌握情况。
Period 6 Integrating Skill
由bison的图片导入阅读文章。通过回答问题。细节理解，对错判断。完成图表，来了解美国西部历史上大规模屠宰野牛,破坏美洲草原生物链的教训.。最后是写作任务。采用对比手法，帮助美国学生了解你的家乡。
三．教学反思
本单元的话题是美国，着重引导学生注意美国历史的变迁。其实美国的文化，建筑，地理特征，名胜古迹，民间传说，民俗特色，政权形式，科学成就都很值得老师引导学生去了解，这对学好英语是有很大的帮助的。 尤其是能够体会领悟美国的社会特征和人文特点，在学生阅读文章时就能够减少好多障碍。但是内容涉及很广，我们不可能在一个单元的时间内让学生都了解，但是应当鼓励学生上网或去图书馆查阅资料，自主学习。同时也应该提醒学生思考中国和美国这两个国家的相似的地方和不同的地方，做一些比较。
四．教学程序
Teaching plan for Unit 16
Period 1 Warming up & Speaking
Goals:1. Learn about the USA
2.Practise describing places to train the speaking ability
Step 1 Lead-in
T：Now, let’s begin our class. First, I’ll give you some information about the history of a country. Please guess which country it is. Listen carefully. It is a very young country in the world, which has only a history of 200~300 years. There is a Statue of Liberty in the east coast. It is about 46 metres high. The head office of the UN was set up there. Two World Wars didn’t take place there. Now it is the strongest country of the world. Can you guess it
Ss: Yes. The USA.
Step 2 Warming up
1. Show the map of the U.S.A and help the Ss to get a general idea of her.
Full name
Location
Capital city
The largest city
When was founded
population
2. The U.S.A is a beautiful country. There are many beautiful cities and also great people. Let’s see some pictures. Do you know sth about them
(George Washington . The first president
Martin Luther King the leader of non-demonstration was killed in 1968
New York the largest city nick name
Atlanta in the south the host of the Olympic Game in 1996
Ellis Island Island of Tears)
3. What else have you known about her A quiz (Ex1.)
4. What do you want to know
Step 3 Speaking
1. Learn the useful expression. Make a sentence with each pattern.
How long /wide/high/tall is ….
It’s …metres/feet long/wide/high/tall.
There is …in the north/south/east/west.
It looks like….
2. Write a short passage to describe a place.
3. Play the Guess game.
One student read his short article , the others guess where it is.
Home work: Search the internet to find information about New York.
Period 2 Listening &Reading( about New York and Ellis Island )
Goal: 1.Do some listening to improve the listening ability.
2. Learn more about New York
Step 1 Lead-in
Show a picture of NY.
T: Can you guess when the picture was taken (it was taken before the date September 11,2001.)How do you know (Because in the picture, we can see many skyscrapers. Among them, the World Trade Centre and the Empire State Building are most famous, but now the World Trade Centre has already gone. It was exploded by terrorists.)
Step 2. Listening
1. T: Now let’s listen to a radio programme about New York to help Wang Xiao correct the errors in her notes. Turn to the next page. Let’s look at Ex.1 in the listening part. Here are the notes taken by Wang Xiao after he listens to a radio programme about New York. First read it by yourself. Then I’ll play the tape for you to listen. After that, please correct his errors.
Do EX1
2.T:OK.Now let’s listen to the tape again and then answer some concerned questions. Before listening, you need to go through with the questions.(Teacher gives the students one minute to read the questions. Then play the tape for the second time. After that, give the students enough time to discuss the answers and check them.)
3.T:Well done. Please listen to Part 2 of the listening material and then choose the best answers to the question in Ex.3.
(Teacher deals with Ex.3 in the same way. If necessary, play the tape again.)
Step.3 Reading
Now let’s know more about NY by read the following material. (adapted from SB3 Lesson 49)
New York
New York is built on a group of islands on the east coast of the USA at a point where several rivers flow into the ocean. The first westerner to discover these islands was Italian explorer in 1524. In 1626 the island of Manhattan was bought from local Indians, Native Americans, for a handful of goods worth about $24. Today Native Americans express their anger over this business deal. After the War of Independence ended, New York became the capital of the USA for a short time (1789--90) before Washington, D.C.
The building of skyscrapers in New York began around the year 1900. Because Manhattan Island is made of solid rock, it is safe to build very tall buildings. A 55-stored building went up in 1913 , and in 1931 the Empire State Building was completed., then the tallest building in the world. It has 102 storeys and 73 lifts. From the top of it, you could see up to a distance of 130 kilometres on a clear day. Today it is no longer the tallest building in the USA, or even in New York. The World trade Centre , an office building for over 1200 firms employing about 50,000 people, is even higher at 411 metres. The twins towers are 110 storeys high, but high-speed lifts controlled by computer take only a minute to reach the top. The towers are further apart at the top than at the base, but this is no mistake. This is because the surface of the earth is not flat but round. But unfortunately the twin towers were destroyed by terrorist attack on Sep11,2001. …….
New York never sleeps. The underground railway runs 24 hours a day, and there are all –night cinemas, bars and restaurants. Some people think that the weather is unpleasant, the city ugly and dirty, the competition fierce and the streets unsafe. It is a city in a hurry, but a very exciting place to be.
True or False
1.New York is built on an island on the east coast of the USA.
2.These islands were first discovered by an Italian explorer in 1524.
3. New York became the capital of the USA for a short time after Washington, D.C.
4.About a century ago the building of skyscrapers began in New York.
5.Skyscrapers were mainly built on Manhattan Island.
6. Because of a careless mistake, the twin towers of the World Trade Center are further apart at the top than at the base.
Home work: Search the internet to find information about the south of the USA
Period 3&4 Reading.
Goal: 1.learn about the American south.
2. Improve the reading ability
3. Learn and master the following:
suffering unemployment depression reconstruction burn down
aim at in honor of in vain take a chance overcome
be determined to do
step 1 lead-in
1.Play the video of the film “gone with the wind, let the Ss know the hard past of the south
2.Play another video about the city of Atlanta, show the modern and rich of the south
3.Let the Ss know how difference they are. Then tell them they will learn about the history of the south
step 2 Pre-reading
Put the events below in the correct place on the timeline.
30,000 years ago 1600 1861 1930s 1960s
1. the American Civil War 2.The great Depression
3.The Civil Rights Movement 4.The arrival of Native American
5.The arrival of European settlers
Step 3 Skimming(get a general idea of the passage)
Ask the Ss to answer the following questions.
1. What kind of story is the story of the south
2. Which city is the typical southern city.
Step 4. Scanning (Get specific ideas )
Ask Ss to read the passage carefully again and make it clear why Atlanta is a typical southern city.
Try to finish the chart below
Why Atlanta is a typical southern city
The past In the war
The difficulties the people of Atlanta had to overcome after the war economical _________________political __________
today The success in 1996
Modern Atlanta
Step5 Listening and consolidation
Ask Ss to listen to the tape to get more information
After that, work in pairs to make up a dialogue.
.Task:
A Chinese college student who studies history came to Atlanta for a trip. His pen friend showed him around the city They talked about the history and development of the city.
Step 6 Further understanding(discuss in groups)
People of many different background live and work together in Atlanta .What are the advantages of living together with people who are different from you Are there any disadvantages
Homework : Read the passage again and try to
Period 5 Language study.
Goal: 1.Review the new words appearing in the last period.
2.Do some exercises using the rules of word formation
3. Review Non-finite Verbs
Step 1 Word study
1. have a dictation.
( former, greedy, mental, physical, wide spread, chief )
Then do Ex3on page 45
2. About the word formation
Do Ex 2& EX1
Step 2 Grammar---Review Nonfinite Verbs(2)
1..: look at the sentences on the screen.
(Teacher shows the following on the screen.)
It is impossible that lost time can be made up.
2.Rules are made so that they can not be broken.
3.I don’t mind their inviting him.
4.She enjoys their interviewing her.
Try to Rewrite the sentences on the screen using the correct non-finite passive form.
2. Before doing them, review non-finite verbs together.
(:The verb that cannot be used as the predicate is called the non-finite verb. The “v.-ing, v.-ed or to do cannot act as the predicate, so we call them the non-finite verb.”The passive form of them is separately “being done” “or“to be done”.(Teacher writes them on the blackboard.)
动词--ing形式 不定式
形式 主动 被动 主动 被动
一般式 writing Being written To write To be written
进行式 To be writing
完成式 Having written Having been written To have wtitten
3. Do the exercise and check the answers..
Suggested answers:
1.It is impossible for lost time to be made up.
2.Rules are made to be broken.
3.I don’t mind his being invited.
4.She enjoys being interviewed
Step3 Do Ex1&2
Step4. Choose the best answers
(B) 1. I learned a lot _________ in the countryside.
A. working B. while working C. when worked D. to work
(A) 2. It is well known that a tiger looks very ____________.
A. frightening B. frightened C. being frightened D. to frighten
(B) 3. The little boy got too _________ to move.
A. frightening S. frightened C. frighten D. to be frightened
(C) 4. It was getting dark. I found a car ______in a pool by the side of road.
A. stick B. sticking C. stuck D. to be stuck
(C) 5. I have collected the money __________.
A. deeding B. need C. needed D. to need
(B) 6. The glass of water is too hot. I prefer some cold ________ water.
A. boiling B. boiled C. having boiled D. to boil
(A) 7. It’s a good idea _______ to the front of the line.
A. to push B. of pushing C. pushed D. to be pushed
(B) 8. I won’t have you ________up and down all day.
A. ran B. running C. run d. to run
Home work: Search the internet to get some information about the south
Period 6 Integrating Skill
Goal: . 1. Learn about the American plain and the bison
2. Write a short passage about your home town
3. Lear and master the following:
live by doing in huge numbers make a agreements with die out
wide spread be forced to do cut off as a result
Step 1 Lead-in
Show the picture on the screen. And ask Do you know what the animal is called
(Its name is bison. It is a type of cattle which used to exist in huge numbers on the plains of America)
.Would you like to know more about the bison
Step 2 Fast-reading
Answer the two questions
1.In what ways did the settlers treat the Native Americans unfairly
2.What caused a big change in the wildlife on the plains
Step 3 Careful reading
Tick the sentences that are true and correct the false ones.
1.( )The first settlers on the plains were farmers.
2.( )Native Americans willingly gave up land to the settlers.
3.( )The settlers did not deal honestly with the native Americans.
4.( )Settlers ended up with better land than the native Americans.
5.( )Later settlers made use of the bison in the same way as the native Americans.
Step 4 Post reading
Use what your have learned from the text to complete the diagram below
Step 5 Writing
Imagine that your American pen friend has sent you an e-mail asking for help.
He want to know the history and the development of your home town. Write a letter to him or her comparing the past and today of your home town. The following table may help you.
The past today
Area and population
City building
Transportation
Education and school
The people’s living conditions
Homework: Finish the writing work.
