初三名词复习[上学期]

课件32张PPT。REVISION LESSONNOUNS（名词） NO. 2 MIDDLE SCHOOL
HAOCHENG DENG 知识结构图WAKE UP YOUR MEMORY 知识梳理Nouns can usually be divided into two parts:
名词按其所表示事物的性质大致可分为 Countable Nouns
可数名词Uncountable Nouns
不可数名词Signal Forms 单数形式Plural Forms 复数形式 可数名词　一、可数名词的单、复数形式
表示一个人或事物用单数形式
表示两个或两个以上的人或事物用复数形式
a boy, a girl , an apple
two boys ,some girls, many apples
two bags of pears1.可数名词变复数的规则Difficult points and Key points2.可数名词变复数的
不规则变化3.不可数名词的计量方法4.名词的所有格 1、可数名词复数形式的规则变化 s s s s 一般情况下，在词尾加-s es es es es以s,x,sh,ch结尾的名词，加-esfamilies cities stories以辅音字母+y结尾的名词，将y改i再加-es1、desk( ),bag( ),coat( ),map( )

2、bus( ),watch( ),box( ),brush( )

3、family( ),city( ),story( )
重点再现（1）重点再现（2）5、tomato( ) potato ( ) hero ( )

piano ( ) photo ( ) radio ( )
es es es s s s以o结尾的,有生命的加es以o结尾的,无生命的加s巧记：动物园的收音机，既可拍照片，又可弹钢琴4、leaf( ),knife( ),shelf( ) leaves knives shelves以f或fe结尾的名词，将f或fe改v再加-es巧记：小偷的妻子一生中注意架子上的小刀、
树叶和自己抓的那半只狼重点再现（3）2、可数名词变复数的不规则变化（1）不规则变化
man?men policeman?policemen foot?feet
tooth?teeth mouse?mice child ?children（2）单、复数形式相同
sheep ? sheep yuan（元） jin（斤）
Chinese ? Chinese Japanese ? Japanese注意：German 的复数是Germans注意：fish 作鱼肉讲时不可数，
指鱼的不同种类时可数?fishes（3）形似单数，实为复数意义
people ? these people,不可说 a people
可说 a person, two persons
police ? ten police,不可说 a police
可说 a policeman two policemen（4）. 复合名词的复数形式a. 将主体名词变为复数 e.g looker-on ? lookers-on
father-in-law ? fathers-in-law
a boy student?boy students
a flower shop?flower shops 重点再现（4） e.g a woman teacher ? two women teachers
a man nurse ? two men nurses重点再现（6）b.由man和woman构成的合成词，变复数
时将名词及man或woman都变成复数注意：以boy和girl 开头的复合名词变成
复数时，一般只把后一名词变成复数。e.g boy student ?boy students
girl friend ? girl friends
7. 即可做不可数名词，又可做可数名词的： 不可数名词 可数名词 paper 纸 a paper
glass 玻璃 a glass
iron 铁 an iron
room 空间 a room
chicken 鸡肉 a chicken
beauty 美 a beauty一张试卷
一个玻璃杯
一个熨斗
一个房间
一只小鸡
一个美人一、根据句意填入名词的适当形式。
1、There are some ________ (potato) in the basket.
2、There are a lot of _______ (leaf) on the ground.
3、Two _________ (policeman) are standing there.
4、She has three _______ . (boy)
5、There are a few ________ (people) in the room.
6、I want three _________ (glass) of ______. (milk)
7、The cat has four _____(foot).
8、There are two ________ (baby) in the picture.
9、These ______ _ (watch) are made by ________. (German)
10、The baby’s first _____ (tooth) is coming through. 名词小测potatoesleavespolicemenboyspeopleglassesmilkfeetbabieswatchesGermansteeth重点再现（5）2.不可数名词的计量方法a bottle of juice
a glass of milk
a bag of rice a loaf of bread
a piece of meat
a kilo of oil…bottles of juice
…glasses of milk
…bags of rice…bunches of bread
…pieces of meat
…kilos of oil1.有些不可数名词以容器来计量 如:2.有些不可数名词以表示数量的单位来计算 如:复数形式复数形式只把容器变复数只把计量单位变复数注意问题不可数名词可用作复数的几种情况。
用来表示类别时，可用复数。
Eg： drinks各种饮料　 vegetables各种蔬菜
　　　foods各种食物　 fruits各种水果
有些抽象名词是可数名词。
Eg： jobs工作　　things事情，物品
　　　hopes希望　wishes愿望
相关链接名词所有格1.________hat looks like a cat. (Lucy)
2.They are the _______ desks. (twin)
3.This shop sells ___________(child) toys.
4.He is __________________father. (Kate and Jim)
5.___________________mothers are in the same factory. (Kate and Jim)#单数名词一般直接加 ’s
#以 s / es 结尾的复数名词加 ’
#不以 s 结尾的复数名词加 ’s
#表示两个或两个以上的人共同所有的事物时,只在最后一个名词上加所有格
#表示两个或两个以上的人各自所有的事物时,每个名词都用所有格式,
后面的名词用复数Lucy’stwins’children’sKate and Jim’sKate’s and Jim’s名词所有格多数用于有生命的物体后,表示所属关系The Possessive Case of nouns6. 无生命的东西一般用“ of +名词”的形式表示其所有格e.g the door of the room
the wall of the park7. 有些表示时间、距离、国家、城市、团体的等无生
命的东西，也可以加 -‘s 构成所有格e.g 2小时路程
北京最好的公园
今日报纸
车站休息室 two hours’ walkBeijing’s best park today’s newspaper the station’s waiting-room名词所有格The Possessive Case of nounse.g at my uncle’s == at my uncle’s home
at a tailor’s == at a tailor’s shop8. 表示某人的家、店铺、诊所时，常省略所有格
后面的名词9. 表示类别的名词作定语，不用所有格 e.g a silk hat cotton cloth

一个咖啡杯 a coffee cup名词所有格The Possessive Case of nouns my teacher’s office
students’ exercise books
Children’s Palace
today’s newspaper
15 minutes’ walk = a 15-minute walk
at the butcher’s = at the butcher’s shop
to Tom’s = to Tom’s house 1 我老师的办公室
2 学生们 的练习本
3 少年宫
4 今天的报纸
5 十五分钟的路程
6 在肉店
7 到汤姆家去名词的所有格 Practice 8 广东的省会
9 教室的门
10 我父亲的一个朋友
11 他的两个兄弟
12 爱迪生的一些发明
13 他弟弟的一张照片(照片属于他弟弟)
14 他弟弟的一张照片(照片里的人是他弟弟)the capital of Guangdongthe doors of the classrooma friend of my father (’s)two brothers of hissome inventions of Edison’s a picture of his brothers’ a picture of his brother名词的所有格 Practice 难点剖析1.My family ____a big one.
2.All his family ____good at singing.
3.People there____very friendly.
4.The police____coming soon.
5.Twenty years____a long time.
6.Ten ￡ ____not very expensive.
7.The Japanese____his pen-friend.
8.Sheep____different from goats.
9.Women’s clothes____sold in this shop.
10.The doctor’s ____over there.isareareareisisisareareisFamily,group,team等集体名词作主语时,强调整体时,谓语用单数;强调整体中的成员时,谓语用复数People,police等集体名词作主语时,
只作复数看待,谓语动词用复数表示时间、距离、金额等概念的名词或名词词组作主语时,作整体看待,谓语用单数单复同形的名词,表示单数时,谓语用单数,表示复数概念时,谓语用复数Clothes,shoes等名词习惯上只用复数,谓语动词也用复数表示商店、住宅等含义的名词所有格作主语时,所有格后面的名词可以省略,谓语用单数名词作主语时的主谓一致
1、Boy friends, girl friends,
2、Boys & girls are all friends.
3、Chinese speak Chinese.
4、Japanese speak Japanese.
5、 They makes us friends. (Attributive 定语)(Subject 主语)(Predicative 表语)(Object 宾语)(Complement
宾语补足语) Nouns are widely used in English ,they can be used as :
名词是英语中最基础的也是应用最为广泛的一类词汇,在句子中可用作：中考考点：
数字加名词做定语注意：
两周的假
一个10岁的男孩 a two---week vacation (√ ) a ten-year-old boy (√ )比较：
2个小时的路程
坐十分钟车的路 two hours’ walk
a two—hour walkten minutes’ drive
a ten– minute drivea two—weeks vacation(× )a ten-years-old boy (× )一、中考点分析
辨别可数名词与不可数名词，考点多以感叹句的方式出现。
既可做可数又可作不可数，但意义不同的名词。
名词所有格中的多重所有格。
单位词 e.g a drop of water
以数字加名词作定语的表达法。中考链接历年中考试题(1)1.----Does he work hard? (2000)
----Yes, he has read___since he got to the office this morning.
A. several papers B. several paper
C. a piece of paper D. a paper
2.---Is this your room? ---No. It's _____room.
A. the children B. the children's
C. of the children D. the childrens'
3. _____wonderful world it is! I hope I can live longer.
A. What a B. How a C. What D. How
4. Ask the naughty boys not to make any_____.
I can't fall asleep. (2001)
A. voice B. sound C. noise D. singingABAC5.---Help yourself to_____.
---Thanks, Mum; it tastes good.
A. some chickens B. a chicken
C. some chicken D. any chicken
6. Twelve_____were hurt, but no ______ were lost
in that accident.
A. person; life B. people; lives
C. peoples; lives D. persons; life
7._____ way it is from Guangzhou to Paris! (2002)
A. How long B. What a long
C. How a long D. What long
历年中考试题(2)CBB历年中考试题(3)8. ___ wonderful music it is! I like Bethoven’s best. (2003)
A. What B. How a C. What a D. How
9. --- Thanks for giving me ___ I wanted. (2004)
--- You are welcome.
A. the information B. an information
C. the informations D. information
10. Many new_________ (potato) will grow from
one potato planted in the ground. (2002)
11. We should brush our _______ (tooth) twice a week.
(2003)
AApotatoesteeth选择填空( )1. I want three ____ white paper.
A. pieces B. piece of C. pieces of
( )2. Do you want to drink much ____ ?
A. a milk B. milk C. milks
( )3. In autumn, you can see a lot of ____ on the ground.
A. leaf B. leafs C. leaves
( )4. My sister has two ____. One is old, the other is new.
A. a watch B. watchs C. watches
C B C C选择填空( )5. They come from Japan. They’re ____.
A. Japanese B. Japaneses C. a Japanese
( )6. Some ____ are coming to help us.
A. peoples B. people C. the people
( )7. The horse has four ____.
A. feet B. feets C. foots
( )8. I saw quite a few ____ walking in the street
last night.
A. Germen B. German C. Germans
ACBA选择填空
( )9. We have a lot of ____ to do.
A. works B. work C. worker
( )10. Can you see many ____ are eating the grass
at the foot of the hill?
A. sheeps B. sheep C. a sheep
( )11. There are six ____ in kitchen.
A. bag of rice B. bags of rices C. bags of rice
( )12. Do you like American ____ ?
A.foods B. food C. a food
BBC
B选择填空( )13. He has three ____ under the bed.
A. pair of shoe B. pairs of shoe C. pairs of shoes
( )14. ____ come from England. They speak English.
A. Englishman B. Englishmans C. Englishmen
( )15. I’m hungry. Give me ____ to eat.
A. two pieces of bread
B. two piece of breads
C. two piece of bread
CCAThank you!