agreement[下学期]
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课件52张PPT。GrammarAgreement The boy _____ diving.They _____ diving.Both Jack and Tim _____ diving.All of them _____ diving.Neither Jack nor Tim _____ walking.isareareisareFinish the following exercises:Bob Bob _____ a worker.isMike Mike and Bob _____ workers.areBoth Mike and Bob _______
workers.areNeither Mike nor Bob _______
a teacher.isBill Neither of them _______
(know) how to teach English. knows/knowAll of them ______ workers.None of them ___________
(know) how to teach English.are knows/knowSubject---Verb Agreement主谓一致的三个原则:
语法一致、就近一致、意义一致 Summarize the rules of subject-verb agreement:主谓一致主要有以下几种情况：
1. and连接两个或两个以上单数名词或者代词作主语的时候,谓语动词有以下两种情况：
(1) 如果指两个或两个以上不同的人或 事物的时候,谓语动词用复数。如：语法一致原则He and I are both students of this school. (2) 但如果连接两个以上的名词指的是同一个人或物, 或者指同一概念的时候, 谓语要用单数。 The singer and dancer is going to give
us a performance.那个歌唱家兼舞蹈演员要给我们表演。The knife and fork ____ on the table. 刀叉在桌子上。is2. 如果主语是不定式, 动词ing形式或 主语从句的时候,谓语动词用单数。
What he is doing seems very important. 他正在做的事情看起来很重要。
Collecting stamps ____ his hobby. 收集邮票是他的爱好。is3. 定语从句的关系代词who, which, that在从句中作主语时，要与先行词的人称和数保持一致。
Those who enjoy singing may join us.
Tom, who is your friend, should help you.
4. with, along with, together with, as well as, besides, like, without, except, but, including 如果句子中有这些连接词和主语连用,谓语动词的数随主语的变化而变化。例如：
The teacher, together with his students, is planting trees in the street. Mary, like many girls, _____ dancing.
No one except (but) them ____ about it.
All the students, including Tom, ____ leaving. lovesknowsareeither ... or; neither ... nor; not only ... but also, whether...or在句子中连接主语的时候或者在there be句型中,谓语动词要和就近的主语保持一致。就近原则Neither you nor I am wrong.
There ___ a cup of tea and some apples on the table.is Not only the students but also the teacher wishes for a holiday.
概念一致原则 所谓概念一致原则是指谓语动词和主语一致不是取决于主语的语法形式, 而是其实际意义。有的主语名词在形式上是单数, 但在意义上却是复数；有的主语名词在形式上是复数, 但在意义上却是单数。1. 不定代词all, more, some, any, none作主语,谓语动词视情况而定。
All of the apples are rotten.
所有的苹果都烂了。
All of the apple is rotten.
整个苹果都烂了。
None of the money is left. 没有剩下一点钱。
None of the students were there. 没有学生在那里。
2. the rest of; half of; part of; majority of; percent of; one third of在句子中加名词作主语的时候,谓语动词与of后面的名词保持一致。Half of the students have finished their composition. 一半的学生已经完成了他们的作文。
Half of the apple is bad. 一半的苹果坏了。
About 60 percent of the students in our school are boys. 百分之六十的工作已经做完了。3. 集合名词作主语, 动词可用单数, 也可以用复数。主要由句子的意思决定。强调整体谓语动词用单数；指全体人员时, 动词则用复数。这一类常见的集合名词有public, family, class, crowd, population, team, group。
His family is going out. 他们全家要外出。His family are all music lovers.
他们全家人都是音乐爱好者。4. 某些名词如people, police, cattle等,形式上是单数, 但意义上是复数, 谓语动词应用复数。people指“民族”时是例外。
The police are searching for a thief.
The cattle are eating grass on the hill.5. 复合不定代词作主语, 谓语动词要用单数，如someone ,somebody, something, anybody, anyone, anything, everybody, everyone, everything, nobody, no one, nothing。
Someone is asking for you.
有人找你。
Nothing is found in the room.
在屋子里什么也没找到。6. 某些名词如clothes, trousers, shoes, glasses等, 通常只用其复数形式, 但当它们被a pair of 修饰时, 谓语动词用单数。如:
The pair of shoes is worn out.
这双鞋破了。
The shoes are worn out.
鞋子破了。某些名词以s结尾如maths, politics, physics, news, plastics 等，谓语动词应用单数。
Physics is a very interesting subject. 物理是一门很有趣的学科。
8. every... and every ...; each ... and each ...; no ... and no ... 在以上短 语中and连接的单数名词, 整个短语 在句中作主语时, 谓语动词常使用单数。
Each man and each woman is asked to attend. Every boy and every girl in the class __ diligent. 班级中的每个男孩女孩都很用功。
No sound and no voice is heard. 听不到任何声音。is9. 以a number of 作主语时, 谓语动词用复数; 以the number of 作主语事, 谓语动词用单数。
A number of new books are on the desk.
The number of students in you class is 50.10. 有些名词的单数和复数形式一样, 作主语的时候, 其谓语动词由上下文决定, 这一类名词有: means, works, deer, fish, sheep, Chinese, Japanese等。
Not every means is useful.
不是每种方法都好使。
Not all means are useful.
不是所有的方法都好使。 11. many a, more than one 与单数名词组成的短语, 谓语用单数。
Many a boy has seen it.
12. 书刊名、时间、距离、价格、度量衡等的复数名词作主语时, 谓语动词常用单数。
Thirty years is not a long time.
Roots is a famous American novel.1. 在主谓倒装的句子中,谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致。例如:
Between the two windows hangs a picture.
注意: A (large) quantity of 修饰可数或不可数名词, 其短语作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
A large quantity of people/sugar is needed here.
Quantities of books were on the desk.
短语in quantity, in large quantities 意为 “大量”; in small quantities 意为“少量”。 2. a great deal of, a large amount of, 修饰不可数名词, 其短语作主语时, 谓语动词通常用单数; large amounts of 修饰不可数名词, 其短语作主语时, 谓语动词通常用复数。例如: A large amount of (A great deal of) damage was done in a very short time.
Large amounts of money were spent on the bridge.
3. 表示数量的one and a half 后, 名词要用复数形式, 但是其短语作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。例如：
One and a half bananas is left on the table.6. 如果主语由“the + 形容词(或过去分词)”结构担任时,谓语通常用复数;这类词有: the brave, the poor, the rich, the blind, the young, the old, the sick, the dead, the deaf, the injured, the wounded, the unemployed 等; 但也有少数的过去分词与定冠词连用时指个别,则用单数。例如： The blind study in special school.
The departed(死者)was a well-known engineer.
1. As a result of destroying the forests, a large ____ of desert ____ covered the land.（上海2001） A. number; has B. quantity; has C. number; have D. quantity; have2. All the preparations for the task _____ , and we are ready to start. (2000年全国春季卷) A. completed B. complete C. had been completed D. have been completed 3. Every possible means ___ to prevent the air pollution, but the sky is still not clear. (2000年春季上海卷) A. is used B. are used C. has been used D. have been used
4. His “Selected Poems” ____ first published in 1965. A. were B. was C. has been 5. Mathematics ___ the language of science. A. is B. are going to be C. are
6. The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone _____ get out．（NMET97）
A．had to B．would
C．could D．was able to7. A good deal of money __ spent on books. A. have B. has C. have been D. has been
8. A library with five thousand books _______ to the nation as a gift.
A. is offered B. have offered
C. are offered D. has offered 9._____ of the land in that district _____ covered with trees and grass.
A. Two fifth, is B. Two fifth, are
C. Two fifths, is D. Two fifths, are 10. Nobody but Jane ___ the secret. A. know B. knows C. have known D. is known11. Not only I but also Jane and Mary __ tired of having one examination after another. A. is B. are C. am D. be
12. The wounded ____ by the hospital.
A. have been taken in
C. has been taken in
C. have taken in
D. has taken in13. When and where to build the new factory ____ yet.
A. is not decided B. are not decided C. has not decided D. have not decided14. If law and order ___ not preserved, people will not be able to live a secure life. A. are B. were C. is D. was15. As I have a meeting at four, ten minutes ___ all that I can spare to talk with you. A. are B. was C. is D. were16. A number of my friends ____ I should take a holiday. But I am just too busy to spare any time. A. think B. thinks C. had thought D. has thought
17. The police __ searching for a tall dark man with a beard. Till now more than one person __ suspected. A. is…is B. is…are C. are…is D. are…are18. Every boy and girl must have ___ uniform neatly kept. A. his B. her C. their D. them19. The committee _____ to have its second meeting in Tianjin next month. A. are going B. is going C. goes to D. go to20. In addition to John and Mary, their father ____ visit you tomorrow. A. is going to B. are going to C. shall D. are to
21. （山东卷）The country life he was used to ______ greatly since 1992. A. change????????B. has changed?? C. changing????D. have changed 22. Jim is the only one of the staff
members who ____to be promoted.
A. are B. have been
C. is D. has been
23. Many a child ____to walk before
he can speak.
A. learn B. learns
C. learned D. have learned
workers.areNeither Mike nor Bob _______
a teacher.isBill Neither of them _______
(know) how to teach English. knows/knowAll of them ______ workers.None of them ___________
(know) how to teach English.are knows/knowSubject---Verb Agreement主谓一致的三个原则:
语法一致、就近一致、意义一致 Summarize the rules of subject-verb agreement:主谓一致主要有以下几种情况：
1. and连接两个或两个以上单数名词或者代词作主语的时候,谓语动词有以下两种情况：
(1) 如果指两个或两个以上不同的人或 事物的时候,谓语动词用复数。如：语法一致原则He and I are both students of this school. (2) 但如果连接两个以上的名词指的是同一个人或物, 或者指同一概念的时候, 谓语要用单数。 The singer and dancer is going to give
us a performance.那个歌唱家兼舞蹈演员要给我们表演。The knife and fork ____ on the table. 刀叉在桌子上。is2. 如果主语是不定式, 动词ing形式或 主语从句的时候,谓语动词用单数。
What he is doing seems very important. 他正在做的事情看起来很重要。
Collecting stamps ____ his hobby. 收集邮票是他的爱好。is3. 定语从句的关系代词who, which, that在从句中作主语时，要与先行词的人称和数保持一致。
Those who enjoy singing may join us.
Tom, who is your friend, should help you.
4. with, along with, together with, as well as, besides, like, without, except, but, including 如果句子中有这些连接词和主语连用,谓语动词的数随主语的变化而变化。例如：
The teacher, together with his students, is planting trees in the street. Mary, like many girls, _____ dancing.
No one except (but) them ____ about it.
All the students, including Tom, ____ leaving. lovesknowsareeither ... or; neither ... nor; not only ... but also, whether...or在句子中连接主语的时候或者在there be句型中,谓语动词要和就近的主语保持一致。就近原则Neither you nor I am wrong.
There ___ a cup of tea and some apples on the table.is Not only the students but also the teacher wishes for a holiday.
概念一致原则 所谓概念一致原则是指谓语动词和主语一致不是取决于主语的语法形式, 而是其实际意义。有的主语名词在形式上是单数, 但在意义上却是复数；有的主语名词在形式上是复数, 但在意义上却是单数。1. 不定代词all, more, some, any, none作主语,谓语动词视情况而定。
All of the apples are rotten.
所有的苹果都烂了。
All of the apple is rotten.
整个苹果都烂了。
None of the money is left. 没有剩下一点钱。
None of the students were there. 没有学生在那里。
2. the rest of; half of; part of; majority of; percent of; one third of在句子中加名词作主语的时候,谓语动词与of后面的名词保持一致。Half of the students have finished their composition. 一半的学生已经完成了他们的作文。
Half of the apple is bad. 一半的苹果坏了。
About 60 percent of the students in our school are boys. 百分之六十的工作已经做完了。3. 集合名词作主语, 动词可用单数, 也可以用复数。主要由句子的意思决定。强调整体谓语动词用单数；指全体人员时, 动词则用复数。这一类常见的集合名词有public, family, class, crowd, population, team, group。
His family is going out. 他们全家要外出。His family are all music lovers.
他们全家人都是音乐爱好者。4. 某些名词如people, police, cattle等,形式上是单数, 但意义上是复数, 谓语动词应用复数。people指“民族”时是例外。
The police are searching for a thief.
The cattle are eating grass on the hill.5. 复合不定代词作主语, 谓语动词要用单数，如someone ,somebody, something, anybody, anyone, anything, everybody, everyone, everything, nobody, no one, nothing。
Someone is asking for you.
有人找你。
Nothing is found in the room.
在屋子里什么也没找到。6. 某些名词如clothes, trousers, shoes, glasses等, 通常只用其复数形式, 但当它们被a pair of 修饰时, 谓语动词用单数。如:
The pair of shoes is worn out.
这双鞋破了。
The shoes are worn out.
鞋子破了。某些名词以s结尾如maths, politics, physics, news, plastics 等，谓语动词应用单数。
Physics is a very interesting subject. 物理是一门很有趣的学科。
8. every... and every ...; each ... and each ...; no ... and no ... 在以上短 语中and连接的单数名词, 整个短语 在句中作主语时, 谓语动词常使用单数。
Each man and each woman is asked to attend. Every boy and every girl in the class __ diligent. 班级中的每个男孩女孩都很用功。
No sound and no voice is heard. 听不到任何声音。is9. 以a number of 作主语时, 谓语动词用复数; 以the number of 作主语事, 谓语动词用单数。
A number of new books are on the desk.
The number of students in you class is 50.10. 有些名词的单数和复数形式一样, 作主语的时候, 其谓语动词由上下文决定, 这一类名词有: means, works, deer, fish, sheep, Chinese, Japanese等。
Not every means is useful.
不是每种方法都好使。
Not all means are useful.
不是所有的方法都好使。 11. many a, more than one 与单数名词组成的短语, 谓语用单数。
Many a boy has seen it.
12. 书刊名、时间、距离、价格、度量衡等的复数名词作主语时, 谓语动词常用单数。
Thirty years is not a long time.
Roots is a famous American novel.1. 在主谓倒装的句子中,谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致。例如:
Between the two windows hangs a picture.
注意: A (large) quantity of 修饰可数或不可数名词, 其短语作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
A large quantity of people/sugar is needed here.
Quantities of books were on the desk.
短语in quantity, in large quantities 意为 “大量”; in small quantities 意为“少量”。 2. a great deal of, a large amount of, 修饰不可数名词, 其短语作主语时, 谓语动词通常用单数; large amounts of 修饰不可数名词, 其短语作主语时, 谓语动词通常用复数。例如: A large amount of (A great deal of) damage was done in a very short time.
Large amounts of money were spent on the bridge.
3. 表示数量的one and a half 后, 名词要用复数形式, 但是其短语作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。例如：
One and a half bananas is left on the table.6. 如果主语由“the + 形容词(或过去分词)”结构担任时,谓语通常用复数;这类词有: the brave, the poor, the rich, the blind, the young, the old, the sick, the dead, the deaf, the injured, the wounded, the unemployed 等; 但也有少数的过去分词与定冠词连用时指个别,则用单数。例如： The blind study in special school.
The departed(死者)was a well-known engineer.
1. As a result of destroying the forests, a large ____ of desert ____ covered the land.（上海2001） A. number; has B. quantity; has C. number; have D. quantity; have2. All the preparations for the task _____ , and we are ready to start. (2000年全国春季卷) A. completed B. complete C. had been completed D. have been completed 3. Every possible means ___ to prevent the air pollution, but the sky is still not clear. (2000年春季上海卷) A. is used B. are used C. has been used D. have been used
4. His “Selected Poems” ____ first published in 1965. A. were B. was C. has been 5. Mathematics ___ the language of science. A. is B. are going to be C. are
6. The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone _____ get out．（NMET97）
A．had to B．would
C．could D．was able to7. A good deal of money __ spent on books. A. have B. has C. have been D. has been
8. A library with five thousand books _______ to the nation as a gift.
A. is offered B. have offered
C. are offered D. has offered 9._____ of the land in that district _____ covered with trees and grass.
A. Two fifth, is B. Two fifth, are
C. Two fifths, is D. Two fifths, are 10. Nobody but Jane ___ the secret. A. know B. knows C. have known D. is known11. Not only I but also Jane and Mary __ tired of having one examination after another. A. is B. are C. am D. be
12. The wounded ____ by the hospital.
A. have been taken in
C. has been taken in
C. have taken in
D. has taken in13. When and where to build the new factory ____ yet.
A. is not decided B. are not decided C. has not decided D. have not decided14. If law and order ___ not preserved, people will not be able to live a secure life. A. are B. were C. is D. was15. As I have a meeting at four, ten minutes ___ all that I can spare to talk with you. A. are B. was C. is D. were16. A number of my friends ____ I should take a holiday. But I am just too busy to spare any time. A. think B. thinks C. had thought D. has thought
17. The police __ searching for a tall dark man with a beard. Till now more than one person __ suspected. A. is…is B. is…are C. are…is D. are…are18. Every boy and girl must have ___ uniform neatly kept. A. his B. her C. their D. them19. The committee _____ to have its second meeting in Tianjin next month. A. are going B. is going C. goes to D. go to20. In addition to John and Mary, their father ____ visit you tomorrow. A. is going to B. are going to C. shall D. are to
21. （山东卷）The country life he was used to ______ greatly since 1992. A. change????????B. has changed?? C. changing????D. have changed 22. Jim is the only one of the staff
members who ____to be promoted.
A. are B. have been
C. is D. has been
23. Many a child ____to walk before
he can speak.
A. learn B. learns
C. learned D. have learned