写作的参考资料
汉语的书写体系
汉语的书写系统目前有繁体和简体两种。前者用于台湾、港澳和北美的华人圈中，后者用于中国大陆和新加坡以及东南亚的华人社区。作为文化的载体，未来汉字的发展，可能是任何人也难以预料的。
通常说来，两种汉字书写系统虽然有差异，但并不影响沟通。汉字有5万多，但大多数人只认识其中大概2万多。我们目前多使用普通话，普通话被认为是一种更加正式的语言，使用于庄重的场合，是政府工作用语和学校教学用语。
汉语的种类
主要有八大语系。这些是有地域性的，称为方言，彼此在发音方面的差异非常大。还有一种划分方法是分为两大类：文言文和白话文。五四运动之前所使用的书面语叫做“文言”，是一种以孔子时代所使用的以“雅言”为基础的书面语。五四运动之后所推动的书面汉语通常被称为“白话”，即以北方话为基础的现代书面语。在现代汉语的书面语中，文言已经很少使用了。
汉语的今天
1958年入学儿童学习汉语拼音，目的在于帮助每个人学会使用普通话，学会汉字。50年代时期，中华人民共和国政府为普及教育，提出了简化字。作为文化的载体，未来汉字的发展，可能是任何人也难以预料的。
Examples
1 The Writing System
There are about 50,000 characters in written Chinese, however most people only know about 20,000 of these. Most of these characters have elements of meaning and information about pronunciation. The most widely used system of writing is Putonghua (common language), which became the medium of instruction in all schools in 1956, and almost all publications made are using it.
2 Varieties of Chinese
There are 8 main varieties of Chinese. These are regional, and are often called dialects, although they are very different from each other in pronunciation. There is also another classification, however, which gives two varieties: Wenyan, an ancient literary language and Baihua, a kind of colloquial language. Putonghua, closely similar to the language spoken in Beijing, has been developed since the late of 1950s. Its development has had the aim of simplifying Chinese.
3 The Language Today
Pinyin is a 58-symbol writing system which has been used since 1958. It has the aims of helping everyone to use Putonghua, and to learn the Chinese characters. In the 1970s a new map of China was printed which standardized the place names of every town, city and village.
课件4张PPT。Module One British and American English ExerciseDictation1. have sth in common 2. make a difference
3. compare with 4 differ in
5 be similar to
6 have difficulty in doing sth.
7. lead to
8. At the flick of switch
9. after all 10. get around11. Americans drive automobiles down freeways and fill up with gas, while British drive cars along motorways and fill up with petrol.
12. You need to use underground in London and the subway in NY.
13. The British queue up, while Americans stand in line.
Do Unit 1重点短语用法透视---学英语报第一期第4版adopt 2. combination 3. dimension
4. distinctive 4. graduate 6. international
7. variety 8. omit 9. simplify 10. standard
11. How are you getting on?
12. I don’t get it.
13. get used to sth 14. so far
15. That ‘s a good point 16. make a fuss of sb.
17. pick up a cute accent 18. a couple of
19. refer to … as 20. wear off
课件20张PPT。1制作：韶关市一中 王锦霞课时分配2制作：韶关市一中 王锦霞Period 1Module 5
British and American English
Introduction
Reading and Speaking3制作：韶关市一中 王锦霞Introduction- 1. Reading (3m) Read the quotations and tell whether you agree or disagree.A We have really everything in common with America nowadays, except of course, language.
---Oscar Wilde, 19th century writerB With a century British and American English speakers will not be able to understand each other.
---Henry Sweet, 19th century linguist4制作：韶关市一中 王锦霞C America and England are two countries divided by a common language.
--George Bernard Shaw, 20th century writerD It doesn’t make much of a difference whether a teacher speaks British or American English.
--Dave Sperling, founder of Dave’s ESL Cafe5制作：韶关市一中 王锦霞Introduction- 2. Discussion (5m) Read the quotations and answer the questions1. What is the topic of the quotations?
2. Which is the most optimistic?
3. Which is the most pessimistic?
4. Which (if any) do you think are funny?
5 Which is good news for students of English?
6. Can you guess which quotations are from British people?Keys
The difference between British and American English
D
B
(open)
D
Henry Sweet6制作：韶关市一中 王锦霞Introduction- 3. Imagination (2m) Write down your expectationsWhat do you expect British and American English to be like?
Are you optimistic or pessimistic about the British and American English?
7制作：韶关市一中 王锦霞Introduction- 4. Reading (5m) Read the e-mails and decide which writer is AmericanWhich is American and which is British?
(point out the reason)8制作：韶关市一中 王锦霞Key to the answersThe second writer is American.
some of the reasons we know are:
9制作：韶关市一中 王锦霞Reading and Speaking- 1. Warming-up (5m) Check the following statements.People from Hong Kong can understand people from Beijing.
People from Shanghai sound the same as people from Xi’an.
Chinese characters can be understood by all speakers of Chinese.
American English is very different from British English.
People from Britain can’t understand people from America.Discuss and the answers are open.10制作：韶关市一中 王锦霞Reading and Speaking- 2. Skimming (5m) Read the passage and find the differences between British English and American English. Read the titles and the first sentences of each paragraph and find four ways in which British and American English are different.Vocabulary
Grammar
Spelling
pronunciation11制作：韶关市一中 王锦霞Reading and Speaking- 3. Scanning (10m) Read again paragraph by paragraph and make notes of the differences.The first two paragraphs: the differences in vocabularyautomobilesmotorwaypetrolsubwaycabflashlightqueue upFrench fries12制作：韶关市一中 王锦霞13制作：韶关市一中 王锦霞Read the third paragraphThe third paragraph: the differences in grammarDo you have…?My friend has just arrivedon the team/ weekendWrite to me soon!14制作：韶关市一中 王锦霞Read the 4th paragraphThe 4th paragraph: the differences in spelling and pronunciation
centre,colour programmecenter,color program15制作：韶关市一中 王锦霞Reading and Speaking- 4. Practice (5m) Read the passage and complete the sentences with the correct words or phrases.There are ______ differences between American and British varieties of English.
A. no B. a few C. lots of
Americans ____ understand what the British are saying.
A. Sometimes B. usually C. never
There are ______ differences between British and American grammar.
A. no B. many C. not manyBBC16制作：韶关市一中 王锦霞4. American spelling is _______ British spelling.
A. the same as B. simpler than C. harder than
For a Londoner, an American accent may be easier to understand than _______.
A. a Chinese accent B. some British accents
C. a CNN newsreader
Television and the Internet have made it _____ for the British and Americans to understand each other.
A. harder B. easier C. impossibleBBB17制作：韶关市一中 王锦霞Notes:There are hundreds of different words which are not used on the other side of the Atlantic, or which are used with a different meaning.
The other two areas in which the two varieties differ are spelling and pronunciation.
The accent, which is most similar to British English, can be heard on the East Coast of the US.
A Londoner has more difficulty understanding a Scotsman from Glasgow than understanding a New Yorker.18制作：韶关市一中 王锦霞at the flick of a switch
But it has also led to lots of American words and structures passing into British English,…
This international dimension suggests that in the future, there are going to be many “Englishes”, not just two main varieties.19制作：韶关市一中 王锦霞Reading and Speaking- 5. Discussion (5m) Discuss the following questions.How many main varieties of Chinese are there?
In what ways are they different?
Do Chinese people from different regions have problems understanding each other?
What will happen to Chinese in the future?20制作：韶关市一中 王锦霞Homework – Task of the lessonTry to collect more words or expressions which are different in British English and American English in the 4 ways. (vocabulary, grammar, spelling and pronunciation)
Find some information about the Chinese that people in different regions of China speak .课件11张PPT。制作：韶关市一中 王锦霞1课时分配制作：韶关市一中 王锦霞2Period 4Module 5
British and American English
Speaking and Writing
Cultural Corner制作：韶关市一中 王锦霞3Speaking and Writing –1.Reading (2m) Read the notes and add more informationThe Great Debate----Which English ?British EnglishAmerican EnglishWorld English制作：韶关市一中 王锦霞4Speaking and Writing –2.Debate (8m) Divide the class into 3 groups and debate. Group A: British English is the best variety to learn.
Group B: American English is the best variety to learn.
Group C: World English is the best variety to learn.
Who will win the game?制作：韶关市一中 王锦霞5Speaking and Writing –3. Reading (4m) Read and choose the best title.The origin of Chinese
What is Chinese?
Varieties of Chinese Which is the best title ? And Why?制作：韶关市一中 王锦霞6Speaking and Writing –4. Writing (10m) Collect information about the 3 topics and write more paragraphs.The Writing System
Varieties of Chinese
The language Today
About 5000 characters/ most people know about 2000/ elements of meaning and information about pronunciation/8 main varieties/ called dialects/ Wenyan and Baihua/ Putonghua-simplified ChinesePinyin, a writing system since 1958/ help to use Putonghua制作：韶关市一中 王锦霞7Cultural Corner –1. Warming-up (3m) Ask the following questions.Do you know this man?
Do you know American Dictionary of the English Language?制作：韶关市一中 王锦霞8Cultural Corner –2. Read and discuss (8m) Answer the following questions.What does the first paragraph talk about?
What does it say about the spelling of English?
What ‘s the relation between the spelling and the sound in English?
Does English spelling always represent its sound?制作：韶关市一中 王锦霞9Cultural Corner –3. Notes (5m) Deal with the difficulties .1…. thanks to the work of Noah Webster…
2. …should have a distinctive “American ”look.
3. … suggested simplifying the spelling of English words.
4.The British criticised the dictionary, but it quickly became a standard reference book in the States制作：韶关市一中 王锦霞10Cultural Corner –4. Discussion (5m) Discuss and share your idea with your partner.What reasons did Webster have for writing an American dictionary?
Can you see any similarities between Webster’s work and attempts to simplify Chinese?He wanted to simplify the spelling of English and make it look different from British English.The work of simplifying Chinese has made it convenient for people to read, understand and use the Chinese language. So has Webster’s work for American people.制作：韶关市一中 王锦霞11Homework Find more related material about Noah Webster and his dictionary.
Read some articles about the differences between British and American English as well as the world English.课件12张PPT。制作：韶关市一中 王锦霞1课时分配制作：韶关市一中 王锦霞2Period 3Module 5
British and American English
Vocabulary and Listening
Everyday English制作：韶关市一中 王锦霞3Vocabulary and Listening –1.Warming up(5m) Talk about the problems exchange students have.A. understanding the language
getting on with people
food
different school subjects and timetable
local customs
climatePLease number them in order of importance制作：韶关市一中 王锦霞4Vocabulary and Listening –2.Listening to the 1st part(5m) Listen and complete the passage. Hello, and welcome to today’s edition of In the air. As you know, every week on this programme we discuss an aspect of the way we __1____ now, and today’s topic is the language we ___2____-English. So that’s something which affects us all. The question is,what’s going to ___3___ to the way we speak English in the future? Are we all going to speak like Americans? Or will British English continue to __4____? Later on we’re going to _5___ you to phone in and __6___ your views on the subject, but first we’re going to __7___ to two young people, one American, and one British, who have spent time on an educational exchange in the other’s country. We __8___ they will have some interestig ideas on the subject.制作：韶关市一中 王锦霞5Keys:live
speak
happen
exist
ask
give
talk
think制作：韶关市一中 王锦霞6Vocabulary and Listening –3.Listening to the interview(5m) Listen to the interview and fill the form below.SamanthaCallumSamanthaCallumSamanthaCallumCallumSamantha制作：韶关市一中 王锦霞7Vocabulary and Listening –4.Listening and Notes-taking(10m) Listen again and discuss the following questionsWhich part of the country is Samantha staying in?
How long did it take her to understand what people were saying?
What did she notice about the pronunciation of words like dance and bath?
What is the last question the interviewer asked Samantha?
How long did Callum spend in the US?
What didn’t he like about the place he stayed in?
What did he say about the way people spoke?
What did girls like about Callum?制作：韶关市一中 王锦霞8Keys:The north of England.
Two month
They’re the same as in American English.
Do you think you’ll go home speaking with a north of England accent?
10 months.
The climate
It was easy to understand;they spoke rather slowly.
His English accent .制作：韶关市一中 王锦霞9Everyday English (5m) Paraphrase the following expressionsHow are you getting on?
I didn’t get what people were saying.
get used to
So far
That ‘s a good point.
made a fuss of him
cute
a couple of
picked up
worn offB
A
A
B
A
B
B
A
A
A制作：韶关市一中 王锦霞10Everyday English (5m) Make up some sentences ,using the phrases you have learned.How are you getting on?
I didn’t get what people were saying.
get used to So far That ‘s a good point.
made a fuss of him cute a couple of
picked up worn off Use at least 5 of them to make an oral composition, talking about or making up an interesting story.制作：韶关市一中 王锦霞11Vocabulary and Listening –5.Discussion(10m) Discuss the following questions.1. Do you think that in the future everyone will speak American English?
2. Which accent do you prefer, American accent or British accent? And why?
3. Do you want to be an exchange student? Why? What problems do you think you will meet?
制作：韶关市一中 王锦霞12Homework Get more information about the life of the international exchange students , especially the problems they may meet in their life and prepare for a report.课件15张PPT。1制作：韶关市一中 王锦霞课时分配2制作：韶关市一中 王锦霞Period 2Module 1
British and American English
Vocabulary
Grammar
Function3制作：韶关市一中 王锦霞Vocabulary – 1. Learning(8m) Read the words and match them in the boxes. apartment autumn elevator fall first floor flashlight flat garbage gas ground floor holiday lift stand in line lorry pavement petrol queue rubbish sidewalk torch truck vacation British English American English4制作：韶关市一中 王锦霞Keys:5制作：韶关市一中 王锦霞Vocabulary – 2. Practice(8m) Rewrite the sentences using British words.1. We really like going on vacation in the fall.
2. You don’t need to take the elevator. Our apartment is on the first floor.
3.Did you see that truck come out of the gas station?
4.Pass me a flashlight, Eddie. I’ve lost my wallet.liftautumngroundlorrypetroltorchholidayflat6制作：韶关市一中 王锦霞Vocabulary – 3. Practice(5m) write some sentences to practiseStudent A:
write some sentences in British English and ask your partner to rewrite them in American English.
Student B:
write some sentences in American English and ask your partner to rewrite them in British English.
7制作：韶关市一中 王锦霞Grammar – 1. Matching(8m) Do exercise 1 on page 4 and match the sentences with the correct meanings.The British say Have you got…? while Americans prefer Do you have…?
Many factors have influenced American pronunciation.
Some experts believe that the two varieties are moving closer together.
Some people now believe that British English will disappear.
In the future, there are going to be many “Englishes”.
Look! The man is filling his automobile with gas.FEACDB8制作：韶关市一中 王锦霞Can you explain the following use of tenses.present simple tense
present continuous tense
present perfect tense
future tensea changing situation
an event which is happening now or around now
a possible future
a certain future
past events which has an effect on the present
an everyday eventPlease match9制作：韶关市一中 王锦霞Grammar – 2. Practice(5m) Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs.All languages _______ over a period of time.
English _______________ very rapidly.
How many people __________ Chinese?
I ___________American English is very different from British English.
Millions of people ____ satellite TV every day.
The percentage of non-English web pages ________.
What languages _____ people ____ in China?
What ____ you _________this year?change develop speak think watch grow studychangeis developingis developingspeakdon’t thinkwatchis growingdostudyarestudying10制作：韶关市一中 王锦霞Grammar – 3. Practice(5m) Complete the sentences with since and for.English grammar has not changed much ____ the time of Shakespeare.
The American spelling system has existed ____ about 200 years.
I have been studying English ____ I was in primary school.
We have an American teacher . He has been here _____ January.
CNN has been on the air _____ more than 20 year.
Monita Raipal has worked for CNN ______ the year 2000.What is the difference between SINCE and FOR?sincesincesincesinceforfor11制作：韶关市一中 王锦霞Conclusion
for 是介词，而since可作介词或连接词；
for 后面跟表示时间段的结构
since后面跟表示时间点的结构12制作：韶关市一中 王锦霞Function – 1. Presentation(5m) Underline the words which introduce reasons.I like Leeds because there’s more going on here than back home in the States.
Since English is spoken all over the world, there are lots of varieties.
As I was the only British person in the school, they made a fuss of me.
I’m getting on just fine, now that I understand the local accent.13制作：韶关市一中 王锦霞Answer the following questionsWhich word do we use more often to introduce a reason?
Which expression shows that a situation has changed?
Which two words often come at the beginning of a sentence?Because
Now that
3. Since and as14制作：韶关市一中 王锦霞Function – 2. Practice(5m) Make your own sentences creatively,using because, since, as or now that.It is useful to learn English ________________.
_____________________, the British are used to American accents.
Americans like the British accent ______________.
Now that we have Internet, _____________.Can you make more sentences?15制作：韶关市一中 王锦霞Homework Have a good revision of today’s lesson and get more related exercise to practise.学英语报第一期第四版---从Since说起英语知识 > 英式英语和美式英语
http://my.6to23.com/ezhou/English-Knowledge1.htm
从目前世界上使用英语的国家来看，使用英式英语的国家有：英国、爱尔兰、澳大利亚、纽西兰、印度、巴基斯坦、香港等国家。使用美式英语的国家有：美国、菲律宾等国家，学习美国式的国家则有：台湾、中国、日本、韩国、南美洲等国家。
? 在语言背后的是思想文化上的差异。把“产生、发展和消亡的过程”翻译成“the process of birth，growth and death”，美国人觉得言简意赅，形式优美；英国人却主张用哲学经典著作中“the process of comingsintosbeing，developing and passing away”的说法。
有时候英语和美语闹到了“水火不相容”的地步：同样的短语或单词在英语和美语中意思相反。如put on the table在英语中意思为“研究，认真对待”，在美语中为“束之高阁”。可以想象，英国人严谨认真，家里和办公室都收拾得很整洁，因此把什么东西摆到了桌上，多半会“研究，认真对待”；美国人一般“不拘小节”，居所和办公室都很随便，一旦被放在桌上，恐怕是没指望了。又如homely可以用来形容女性，在英语中意思是“朴实无华的”，其评价态度是肯定的；在美语中意思是“不漂亮的”，其评价态度是否定的。联想英美不同的生活态度容易理解这一差别。
? 本文就下列几方面，简单说明英式英语与美式英语的差异
发音方面： ? 全世界各地的英语腔调都不尽相同，不过这不是严重的问题，一般只要花点时间，大概也就能轻易地习惯各地的腔调。想想看，即使是在同一个国家，同一种语言都还是可能会有不同的发音与腔调，像是美国东部与南部的人所讲的英语听起来就有很大的不同，所以更何况是来自不同国家的人呢？ 英式英语和美式英语有其显注不同之处，以发音方面来看，以卷舌音[r]为例，无论是英式英语还是美式英语，当[r]出现在元音之前时，讲话者都会发出 [r]sound ，但是如果[r]出现在一个元音后面时，英国人一般就不发[r] sound了，但是讲美式英语的人就会发很清楚的卷舌音
拼写方面：
? 英式英语的拼法和美式英语的拼法略有些差异，例如：
英式英语
美式英语
中文
centre
center
中心
colour
color
颜色
labour
labor
劳工
organise
organize
组织
realise
realize
发现
theatre
theater
剧院
英式英语
美式英语
The Brits are more traditional - they like their old fashioned spellings that make things as difficult as possible.
· "RE" - e.g. centre, theatre, metre. But not entre - that's French - it's enter · "LL" - e.g. jewellery, travelling, marvellous, councillor, · "S not Z" - e.g. symbolise, modernise, urbanisation, organiser · "OU not O" - e.g neighbour, honour, favourite, colour, harbour ·"MME not M" "NNE not N" - e.g. programme, (but telegram is not telegramme), tonne.
1. tyre 2. pickaxe 3. defence, (defensive) 4. aeroplane, (aircraft, airport) 5. towards ·For dates and days "on" is used. e.g. He said on Thursday They spoke at a news conference in Hong Kong on August 5, 2001. It is sometimes OK to omit the "on" and use a comma instead - usually in picture captions or with long sentences. e.g. Hong Kong's Andy Lau and India's Sajit Ray pose for photographers at a news conference in Hong Kong, August 2, 2001. Also, it's "last Sunday," not "on last Sunday."
·When talking about how long something will last or has lasted, "through" is not used. Instead we say "until," "from…until," "from…to." e.g. The symposium is to last until Friday. The play ran from January 1 until/to February 18.
?Basically the Americans like to make it as simple as possible - it doesn't take much imagination to figure out why.
· "ER" - e.g. center, theater, meter
·"L" - e.g. jewelry, traveling, marvelous, councilor · "Z not S" - e.g. symbolize, modernize, urbanization, organizer ·"O not OU" - e.g. neighbor, honor, favorite, color, harbor ·"M not MME" "N not NNE" - e.g. program, ton 1. tire 2. pickax 3. defense, (defensive) 4. airplane, (aircraft, airport) 5. toward
·For dates and days "on" is not used. e.g. He said Thursday. They spoke at a news conference in Hong Kong August 5, 2001.
·When talking about how long something will last or has lasted, "through" is used. "Through" implies a continuous run until the end of the day/date mentioned. e.g. The symposium is to last through Friday. (It will last until the end of Friday) The play ran from January 1 through February 18.
词汇方面：根据一些英美人士所作的调查，在日常应用的词汇中，"英式英语"和"美式英语"各有表达用语的大约有六千个。在"英式英语"和"美式英语"中，假若是用不同的词汇表达同一个意思的，那么，使用"美式英语"的人远较使用"英式英语"者多.
英式英语
美式英语
中文
autumn
fall
秋天
bangers and mash
sausage and potato
香肠和马铃薯
biscuit
cookie
饼干
brollie
umbrella
雨伞
car
automobile
汽车
care-taker
janitor
管理员
car park
parking lot
停车场
chips
french fries
薯条
crisps
potato chips
洋芋片
flat
apartment
公寓
Full stop
period
句点
jumper
sweater
运动衫
lift
elevator
电梯
lorry
truck
卡车；大货车
motorway
freeway
高速公路
on your Todd
on you own?
你自己的方式
pavement
sidewalk
行人道
petrol
gasoline(gas)
汽油
rubber
eraser
橡皮擦
shop
store
商店
sweets
candy
糖果
tap
faucet
水龙头
trainers
sneakers
运动鞋
trousers
pants
长裤
underground/tube?
subway?
地铁
wellingtons
rubber boots
长统靴
zebra crossing
pedestrian crossing
行人穿越道
child(ren)
kid(s)
小孩
mobile phone
cell phone
手机
football
soccer
英式足球
American football
football/rugby
美式橄榄球
boot (of a car)
?trunk (of a car)
汽车尾部行李箱
holiday
vacation
假日
whiskey
scotch
苏格兰威士忌酒
英式英语
美式英语
School terminology 学校词汇
a. Term - there are three in the year - the autumn term from Sept to Dec, the spring term from Jan/Feb to April and the summer term from April to June/July. The April break is for Easter.
b. Fresher: a first year student at university, especially used during the first term. Then we say - first year, second year, third year. e.g. she's a third year.
c. Finalist - a student in their last year of university about to take their final exams and graduate.
d. Secondary School - not high school
e. State school - state run, tuition is free.
f. Public School - private, tuition needs to be paid by each student.
a. Semester - there are two in a year, allowing for a break over Christmas and the new year.
b. Freshman - a student in the first year of high school or university.
c. Sophomore - a student in the second year.
d. Junior - a third year student, or a student in the year before the final year of university or high school.
e. Senior - a student in their last year.
f. High School - secondary education
g. Public school - state run
h. Private School - private
英式英语
美式英语
?? SAME WORD - DIFFERENT MEANING?? 同词异义
1. Fag - a colloquial word for a cigarette
1. Fag - a derogatory word for a homosexual man
2. Period - menstruation, not a full stop.
2. Period - a full stop, (also a length of time or the hour-long lessons into which the school day is divided - these meanings apply in British English too).
3. To table (something) - e.g. to table a motion. To bring an idea or issue up, to suggest it to one's fellows, to put it on the table so that everyone can see it and start to deal with it.
3. To table (something) - to put an issue or problem aside for later, usually because it's too difficult to deal with.
4. Tea - often said to mean the evening meal, but also a drink (with jam and bread).
4. Tea - the drink, not a meal
某些语法上的不同之处：(American English比较简单化)
英式英语
美式英语
He just gone home.
He just went home .
Do you have got a problem?
Do you have a problem?
I never really got to know her.
I've never really gotten to know her.
Her feet were sore because her shoes fitted badly.
Her feet were sore because her shoes fit badly.
The committee meet/meets tomorrow.
The committee meets tomorrow.
It looks as if/like? it 's going to rain.
It looks like it's going to rain.
He looked at me really strangely.
He looked at me real strange.
One should get to know one's neighbors
One should get to know his neighbors.
参考文献:
李阳工作室 “英式英语与美式英语”? ?? 2003-9-15
?“英式英语VS美式英语” edu-fair.com ? 2001.07.19
“Differences between American English and British English ”? Language Tips
