十三,it的用法
一)高考试题题选与分析
1,[1990]I don’t think___possible to master a foreign language without much meury work.
A.This B.That. C.Its. D.It
2,[1991] Does ___matter if he can’t finish the job on time
A. This B.That C.He D.It
3,[1992] It was not ___she took off her dark glasses___Irealiced she was a famous film star.
A.When ,that B.Until,that C.Until.when D.When,then
4, [1992] It worried her a bit ___her hair was turning grey.
A. Whit B.That C.If D.For
5,[1993]---What was the party line
---Wonderful. It’s years___Ienjoyed myself to much.
A. After B.Before C.when D.Since
6,[1993] Tom,s mother kept telling him that he should work harder,but___didn,t help.
A. He B. Which C. She D. It
7, [1994]___is a fact that English is being accepted as an international langnage.
A. There B.This C. That D. It
8, [1997] It was about 600 years ago ___the firdt clock mith a face and an hour hand was made .
A. That B.Until C.Before D.When
9, [1998] It was only when I reread his poems recently___I began to appreciate their beauty.
A. Until B.That C.Then D.So
注:1). “It”作代词。代替前文提到过的人或事,或是上下文了解到的,可以是一个词,也可以是整个句子,如第2题(答案选D),It 指的是从上下文解到的事,第6题(答案选D), It 指代前面 Tom,s mother kept telling him that he should work hard 一句;“It”所指的东西不一定很具体,有时指做某个动作的人,有时指引起某种情况的事物。
例:---Who is making such a noise
---It must be the children.
It,s the wind shaking the window .(这类句可译为汉语中的无主句)
“It” 可以代替指示代记词This ,that .
例:---Whose dictionary is that
---It is mine .
“it”可指自然现象(如天气,气候,明暗等。)
例:It is fine / rather chilly /extremely hot /drizzling/pouring.
It is snouing hand /getting cold /dark /late /clearing up.
“it”可指季节,时间。
例:It is late autumn / early spring / mid-summer.
It way October / a winter evening / midnight / ten in the moming
“it’可指距离。
例: It is a long dintance from the zoo to the railway 8tawin
It is a nightis journey / only fiue miles / half an hours ualk /
Ten minutes’ ride to the summer Palace.
“it”可指环境情况等。
例:It is very guiet at the moment.
It is guiet close in the room,Let’s ofoan the windows.
2)“it”作形式主语。当不定式,动名词,从句作(主语时,常用it作形式主语,把真正的主语放句未。如第4,7(答案分别为B和D)。比较常见的句型有:
It is clear that 从句、、、、
It is necessary /important /possible/easy…..for sb to do….
It is kind /foolish/polite/brave/careless…of sb to do ….
It seems/appears/hoppens/twns out that 从句。
It takes time to do sth .
It is use/nogood/useless doing sth.
It is said/reparted /announied / thoaght a thar 从句。
It is a pity /a shame / no wonder / better
Necessary/ important/ natural/ strange +that+主+谓(shouldv)
Suggested/reguevted/descied/proposed
It doesn’t matter
Does’t seem to matter much +ving或从句
Doesn’t make too much difference
It is certain that 从句。
It is time that 从句(谓语用过去时)
3)“it”作形式宾语。当不定式,动名词和从句作宾语时,可用it作形式宾语,把真正的宾语和句未。如第1题(答案D),常见的含有宾补的,用it作形式宾语的句型有:
主语+ : believe / make /consider
regard /suppose/atke +it +宾补+to do sth
feel /think /find /imagine
例: Airplanes have made it easy and comfortable for us to travel.
主语take it for gramted that从句。
例:I tookit for granted that you nould stay with us .
4)it 用于强调句句型中:
It is/was+被强调部分(句子的主语,宾语或求语)+(who)that+剩余部分。如第3,8和9题(答案分别为:B。A和B)。
在强调until引导的求语时,如果在句中有not,not要提前与until连用。
例:The teacher didn’t +begin his class until everybody took their places.
It was not until everybody took their places that the teacler began.his cless.
5)区别:it is …that/when/before /since 从句。。
A:It is …that从句。
1. 引导主语从句It is clear that he can do it mell.
That 2。 强调句it was at seven in the evenif that I came back.
3. It is the first /second…time (that)+主语+完成时“这正是第二次做。
B.It is …that 从句
“when”:
引导时间求语句: I think nill be midnight when the nork is finished.
引导定语从句: It was september 10,1999when I went to Beijing.
c. It is …从句。
常用It is /was /will be long /not long /many years/howrs/a few
minutes before…表示 …去….就 /才“或”不多久就…
例: It was not long before the whole country rose up and drove the Austrian soldiers from their homeland.
D. It is …since 从句 意思是;“自从。。。。以来已经多久了”。如果since从句中的谓语动词是短暂性动词,那么就表示该动作的开始,如果从句中的谓语动词是延续性动词或表示求态的动词,则指动作或求态的结束。
就学生而言:It is nearly 12 years since I became a stndent.
就老师而言:It is nearly 12 years since I was a stndent.
6).it 用于某些句语中:
mahe it 规定时间,做到。
Foot it 步行去
As it is/was 事实上。
Fight it ont 决一雌雄
Heep at it 别松劲
Catch it 冒险,碰运气
Leg it 逃走
Brave it 敢干,抵抗
He thinks he is it .他自以为了不起。
Why ,among scientists,he is it.嗨,在科学家中他最出色。
二.练习:
1.Onford,as we know ,is one the best unirersity in the world.
A.that B.it c.this D.I.
2.It was the third time I to that city.
A.have been B .Had been C.came D. Was .
3.When was it you arrived in New York
A.that B.at which C.before D. Since.
4.It was I met Mr.Green in Shanghai.
A. ten years since B.five years C.two months when
D. many years ago that
5.Jack is ill , have you heard abowt
A. that B. this C.it D.which
6. who suggested that he to New York in order to get a direct fight.
A.It was her …went B. It was her …go
C. It was she …went D.It was she …go
7. has already been pointed out , grammar is not a set of dead rules.
A . As. B.It C.That D. This
8. he realized it was too late to return home.
A.No sooner it grew dark than B. Hardly did it grow dark when
C. It was not until dark that D. It was until dark that
9. I was disappointed the film, I had expected to be much better.
A.that B.this C.it D. Them.
10. ---So noisy outside!
---Bill and Jack guarrelling!
A. It is B.There are C. Then are D. May be
11.Nobody believes such a man can do anything yet gomchow he .
A.did it B. finished C.made it D. Comnleted.
12.It Mike and Mary who helped the old man several days ago.
A.were B.was C. are D. had been
13.---Was that the new school master who walked by
--- .
A. It must be that B. It must have been
C. He must be D.This must have been.
14.He felt to work for human rights and prvgress.
A. it his duty B.his duty
C.that is a duty D.that is his duty
15. I was disappointed with the film, I had expected to be much better.
A. that B. this C.one D. it
答案:
1.B. 2。B 3。A 4。D 5。A 6。D 7。A 8。C 9。C
10.A 11。C 12。B 13。B 14。A 15。D