Unit 21 Language Points[下学期]
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| 名称 | Unit 21 Language Points[下学期] |  | |
| 格式 | rar | ||
| 文件大小 | 10.8KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | |||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2006-06-18 20:23:00 | ||
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文档简介
Paragraph 1
1. We use both words and body language to express our thoughts and opinions and to communicate with other people. (我们用言语和身势语表达我们的思想和想法，并与其他人进行交流。)
express our thoughts and opinions: 表达我们的思想和想法
express vt. “(以言语、表情)表达……；叙述……”. 构成: express + n. / express +n. + to sb. (对某人表达…..)
1 She freely expresses her ideas.
2 She expressed her thanks to us.
2. We can learn a lot about what a person is thinking by watching his or her body language.(通过观察一个人的身势语，我们可以了解他或她的许多想法。)
此处是动词的--ing形式做介词的宾语。如：
1 He insisted on doing it in his own way. 他坚持要按自己的办法做。
② I am proud of having a friend like you. 我为有你这样的朋友感到骄傲。
常见的此类词有：insist on, think of, dream of, prevent / keep / stop. . . from, be fond of, depend on, be tired of, be afraid of, succeed in, look forward to . . .
动词的--ing形式做宾语。如：
① The doctor advised taking exercise.
医生让多运动。
② I’m sorry I missed seeing you while in Beijing.
很遗憾，在北京时我没见到你。
类似的动词如：suggest, finish, , mind, enjoy, delay, practice, consider, stop, admit, feel like等后面用动名词作宾语。
Paragraph 2
1. Just like spoken language, body language varies from culture to culture. (就跟口语一样，身势语因文化的不同而不同。)
vary from culture to culture (因文化的不同而不同)
vary vt. 变化，改变
Her mood varies from day to day.
2. Making eye contact—looking directly into someone’s eyes—is in some countries a way to show interest. (眼光接触或直视某人的眼睛，在有些国家是表示感兴趣的一种方式。)
make eye contact（眼光接触） look direct into sb’s eyes (直视对方)
look into (注视…..的内部，往……里面看；调查，检查)
1 The man looked into the girl’s eyes and wanted to say something.
2 The police are looking into the case.
the gesture for OK(表示OK的方式)
3. In Japan, someone who sees another person making the gesture will think it means money. (在日本，看到别人打这个手势的人会认为它的意思是钱。)
此处 “who”引导的是一个定语从句，修饰先行词someone.
see sb. doing 看见某人正在做某事，指see的动作与do的动作同时进行。see sb. do 看见某人做某事
4. In France, a person seeing the same gesture will think it means zero. (在法国，一位看到这一相同手势的人会认为它的意思是零。)
Seeing the same gesture 是现在分词短语作定语，相当于who sees the same gesture. 单个的分词作定语应置于被修饰词之前，分词短语作定语置于被修饰词之后。
Paragraph 3
1. Even the gestures we use for “yes” and “no” are different around the world.(即使我们用来表示“是”和“不”的动作在世界各地也不相同)
around the world = all over the world = throughout the world (全世界,世界各地)
2. In many countries, shaking one’s head means “no”, and nodding means “yes”.
此处是动词的—ing形式做主语，动词的—ing形式做主语相当于一个名词。如：
① Walking is good exercise. 走路是很好的运动。
② Working in these conditions is not easy job. 在这样的条件下工作是不容易的。
③ Meeting you has been a great pleasure. 见到你非常高兴。
3. There are also differences as to how often we touch each other, how close we stand to someone we are talking to, and how we act when we meet or part. (身体接触的频率、谈话双方站立的距离、见面告别的动作也有差别。)
close to (在……附近; 挨着)
1 Our house is close to the bus stop.
2 Go further away! You are too close to me.
4. In some countries, for example France and Russia, a visiting friend is greeted with a kiss on the cheek; in other countries people greet each other with a firm handshake, a loving hug, a bow or simply a nod of the head. (在某些国家，常常用亲吻脸颊来欢迎一位到访的朋友，在另外一些国家，人们彼此欢迎欢迎时只是紧握一下手，温柔地拥抱一下，鞠一下躬或者只是点点头。)
(1) 向（人）打招呼，问候。构成：greet +sb.
① The boy greeted his teacher politely. 男孩很有礼貌地向老师打招呼。
(2) （以····）迎接····，欢迎。构成：greet +n. +with +n.
② A visiting friend is greeted with a kiss on the cheeks in some countries.
在某些国家，常常用亲吻脸颊来欢迎一位到访的朋友。
③His speech was greeted with cheers. 他的演说受到了喝彩。
Paragraph 4
1.While there are many different interpretations of our body language, some gestures seem to be universal. (尽管对身势语有许多不同的解释，有些动作却好像是全球化的。)
“while”此处不是引导时间状语从句，作“当……时候”讲，也不是表对比，作“而，然而”讲，而是引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管；虽然”。
1 Be careful, while crossing the street.
2 Her mother is thin, while her father is fat.
3 While I understand your viewpoint, I don’t agree with you. 虽然我理解你的见解,我却不同意你.
2. Pressing one’s palms together and resting one’s head on the back of one’s hand while closing the eyes as if sleeping means “I am tired”.(把手掌紧压在一起，让头靠在手背上，闭上眼睛要睡觉，意思是“我累了”。)
rest vt. 意为“把…..靠在….. ”；（在…上）倚靠着；搁放….., (…..上)放着…..”构成rest on/upon/against + n. 或rest + n. +on/ upon / against +n.
① The boy was watching TV with his chin resting on his hands.
那男孩托着腮在看电视。
② Her hand rested on the table. 她把一只手放在桌上。
4 She was weeping, resting her head on his shoulder. 她将头靠在他肩上哭泣着。
3.A good way of saying “I am full” is moving the hand in circles over the stomach after a meal. (饭后用手在肚子上按划圈，能很好地表达“我饱了”。)
动词的—ing形式作表语。如：
① Her job is rising pigs. 她的工作是养猪。
② The only thing that interests her is dancing. 她唯一感兴趣的事是跳舞。
Paragraph 5
1. A smile can help us get through difficult situations and find friends in a world of strangers. (微笑能帮助我们度过困境，在陌生人群中找到朋友。)
get through (度过) a world of （许许多多）
2. A smile can open doors and tear down walls. (一个微笑能开启人们心灵的大门，推倒隔阂的墙。)
tear down vt. 扯下，拆毁
如：
① Angry workers tore the notice down from the notice board. 愤怒的工人把布告栏上的通告撕了下来。
② You’d better tear the wall down; it is dangerous here. 你最好把这堵墙拆掉，它在这儿太危险了。
3. We can smile at ourselves in the mirror to make ourselves feel happier and stronger. 我们可以在镜中对着自己笑，这样使自己感觉更高兴、更强壮。
▲smile at 对····笑，at表示动作的目标、对象。如：
① The baby smiled at me so sweetly. 这个婴儿朝我笑得好甜。
▲ to make ourselves feel happier and stronger 是不定式短语在此作目的状语。如：
② They went there to visit their teacher. 他们去那里拜访老师.
③ The bus stopped to pick up passengers. 汽车停下来以便接纳乘客.
④ She sat down to have a rest. 她坐下来休息一会儿。
4. And if we are feeling down or lonely, there is nothing better than to see the smiling face of a good friend. 而且如果我们闷闷不乐，感到孤独，没有什么比看看好朋友的笑脸更好的了。
down 此处为形容词“气馁的，沮丧的，feel down 意为“颓丧，闷闷不乐”。
1. We use both words and body language to express our thoughts and opinions and to communicate with other people. (我们用言语和身势语表达我们的思想和想法，并与其他人进行交流。)
express our thoughts and opinions: 表达我们的思想和想法
express vt. “(以言语、表情)表达……；叙述……”. 构成: express + n. / express +n. + to sb. (对某人表达…..)
1 She freely expresses her ideas.
2 She expressed her thanks to us.
2. We can learn a lot about what a person is thinking by watching his or her body language.(通过观察一个人的身势语，我们可以了解他或她的许多想法。)
此处是动词的--ing形式做介词的宾语。如：
1 He insisted on doing it in his own way. 他坚持要按自己的办法做。
② I am proud of having a friend like you. 我为有你这样的朋友感到骄傲。
常见的此类词有：insist on, think of, dream of, prevent / keep / stop. . . from, be fond of, depend on, be tired of, be afraid of, succeed in, look forward to . . .
动词的--ing形式做宾语。如：
① The doctor advised taking exercise.
医生让多运动。
② I’m sorry I missed seeing you while in Beijing.
很遗憾，在北京时我没见到你。
类似的动词如：suggest, finish, , mind, enjoy, delay, practice, consider, stop, admit, feel like等后面用动名词作宾语。
Paragraph 2
1. Just like spoken language, body language varies from culture to culture. (就跟口语一样，身势语因文化的不同而不同。)
vary from culture to culture (因文化的不同而不同)
vary vt. 变化，改变
Her mood varies from day to day.
2. Making eye contact—looking directly into someone’s eyes—is in some countries a way to show interest. (眼光接触或直视某人的眼睛，在有些国家是表示感兴趣的一种方式。)
make eye contact（眼光接触） look direct into sb’s eyes (直视对方)
look into (注视…..的内部，往……里面看；调查，检查)
1 The man looked into the girl’s eyes and wanted to say something.
2 The police are looking into the case.
the gesture for OK(表示OK的方式)
3. In Japan, someone who sees another person making the gesture will think it means money. (在日本，看到别人打这个手势的人会认为它的意思是钱。)
此处 “who”引导的是一个定语从句，修饰先行词someone.
see sb. doing 看见某人正在做某事，指see的动作与do的动作同时进行。see sb. do 看见某人做某事
4. In France, a person seeing the same gesture will think it means zero. (在法国，一位看到这一相同手势的人会认为它的意思是零。)
Seeing the same gesture 是现在分词短语作定语，相当于who sees the same gesture. 单个的分词作定语应置于被修饰词之前，分词短语作定语置于被修饰词之后。
Paragraph 3
1. Even the gestures we use for “yes” and “no” are different around the world.(即使我们用来表示“是”和“不”的动作在世界各地也不相同)
around the world = all over the world = throughout the world (全世界,世界各地)
2. In many countries, shaking one’s head means “no”, and nodding means “yes”.
此处是动词的—ing形式做主语，动词的—ing形式做主语相当于一个名词。如：
① Walking is good exercise. 走路是很好的运动。
② Working in these conditions is not easy job. 在这样的条件下工作是不容易的。
③ Meeting you has been a great pleasure. 见到你非常高兴。
3. There are also differences as to how often we touch each other, how close we stand to someone we are talking to, and how we act when we meet or part. (身体接触的频率、谈话双方站立的距离、见面告别的动作也有差别。)
close to (在……附近; 挨着)
1 Our house is close to the bus stop.
2 Go further away! You are too close to me.
4. In some countries, for example France and Russia, a visiting friend is greeted with a kiss on the cheek; in other countries people greet each other with a firm handshake, a loving hug, a bow or simply a nod of the head. (在某些国家，常常用亲吻脸颊来欢迎一位到访的朋友，在另外一些国家，人们彼此欢迎欢迎时只是紧握一下手，温柔地拥抱一下，鞠一下躬或者只是点点头。)
(1) 向（人）打招呼，问候。构成：greet +sb.
① The boy greeted his teacher politely. 男孩很有礼貌地向老师打招呼。
(2) （以····）迎接····，欢迎。构成：greet +n. +with +n.
② A visiting friend is greeted with a kiss on the cheeks in some countries.
在某些国家，常常用亲吻脸颊来欢迎一位到访的朋友。
③His speech was greeted with cheers. 他的演说受到了喝彩。
Paragraph 4
1.While there are many different interpretations of our body language, some gestures seem to be universal. (尽管对身势语有许多不同的解释，有些动作却好像是全球化的。)
“while”此处不是引导时间状语从句，作“当……时候”讲，也不是表对比，作“而，然而”讲，而是引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管；虽然”。
1 Be careful, while crossing the street.
2 Her mother is thin, while her father is fat.
3 While I understand your viewpoint, I don’t agree with you. 虽然我理解你的见解,我却不同意你.
2. Pressing one’s palms together and resting one’s head on the back of one’s hand while closing the eyes as if sleeping means “I am tired”.(把手掌紧压在一起，让头靠在手背上，闭上眼睛要睡觉，意思是“我累了”。)
rest vt. 意为“把…..靠在….. ”；（在…上）倚靠着；搁放….., (…..上)放着…..”构成rest on/upon/against + n. 或rest + n. +on/ upon / against +n.
① The boy was watching TV with his chin resting on his hands.
那男孩托着腮在看电视。
② Her hand rested on the table. 她把一只手放在桌上。
4 She was weeping, resting her head on his shoulder. 她将头靠在他肩上哭泣着。
3.A good way of saying “I am full” is moving the hand in circles over the stomach after a meal. (饭后用手在肚子上按划圈，能很好地表达“我饱了”。)
动词的—ing形式作表语。如：
① Her job is rising pigs. 她的工作是养猪。
② The only thing that interests her is dancing. 她唯一感兴趣的事是跳舞。
Paragraph 5
1. A smile can help us get through difficult situations and find friends in a world of strangers. (微笑能帮助我们度过困境，在陌生人群中找到朋友。)
get through (度过) a world of （许许多多）
2. A smile can open doors and tear down walls. (一个微笑能开启人们心灵的大门，推倒隔阂的墙。)
tear down vt. 扯下，拆毁
如：
① Angry workers tore the notice down from the notice board. 愤怒的工人把布告栏上的通告撕了下来。
② You’d better tear the wall down; it is dangerous here. 你最好把这堵墙拆掉，它在这儿太危险了。
3. We can smile at ourselves in the mirror to make ourselves feel happier and stronger. 我们可以在镜中对着自己笑，这样使自己感觉更高兴、更强壮。
▲smile at 对····笑，at表示动作的目标、对象。如：
① The baby smiled at me so sweetly. 这个婴儿朝我笑得好甜。
▲ to make ourselves feel happier and stronger 是不定式短语在此作目的状语。如：
② They went there to visit their teacher. 他们去那里拜访老师.
③ The bus stopped to pick up passengers. 汽车停下来以便接纳乘客.
④ She sat down to have a rest. 她坐下来休息一会儿。
4. And if we are feeling down or lonely, there is nothing better than to see the smiling face of a good friend. 而且如果我们闷闷不乐，感到孤独，没有什么比看看好朋友的笑脸更好的了。
down 此处为形容词“气馁的，沮丧的，feel down 意为“颓丧，闷闷不乐”。