状语从句（一）[上学期]
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英语专题（六）
状 语 从 句
天津 王定民
状语从句在句中相当于副词做状语, 又叫副词性从句。状语从句分为时间状语从句、条件状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语从句、让步状语从句、结果状语从句和 比较状语从句。掌握状语从句应当引导词入手，注意引导词的词义,引导状语从句的引导词都有词思,所以,了解引导词的意思尤为重要。引导词按意义分为九类:
1) 时间 when , as , while , till , until , before , after , since
2) 地点 where
3) 原因 because , as , since , now that
4) 条件 if , unless , once . so (as) long as . in case
5) 让步 though , whatever (--ever ) as , even though , even if
6) 目的 so that , in order that
7) 结果 so ... that
8) 比较 than , as .. as
9) 方式 as , as if
例如:
1． I fell asleep when ( as , while ) he was doing his exercises .
他正作练习时我睡着了。（时间状语从句）
2． When he arrived in Shanghai , his mother met him at the station .
他到上海时，他妈妈到车站接他。（时间状语从句）
3． She always sings as she walks .
她总是一边走一边唱。（ 时间状语从句）
4．I waited until he had finished his work .
我等到他做完活。（时间状语从句）
5．It was not long before he told me about this affair .
不久，他就告诉我这件事。（时间状语从句）
6．He has worked very hard since he entered the factory .
自从他进厂，工作一直很努力。（时间状语从句）
7．After he had finished the work , he went home .
他干完活，回家了。（时间状语从句）
8．Where there is a will， there is a way .
有志者，事竟成。（地点状语从句）
9．She didn't come to school because she was ill .
她由于有病没来上学。（原因状语从句）
10．As he did not know much English , he looked up the word in the dictionary .
由于他不懂什么英语，所以查字典。（原因状语从句）
11．Now that ( Since ) I've told you twice , you must know it .
既然我告诉你两次了，你必须记住。（原因状语从句）
12．Once he says that , he will do it .
一旦他说了，他就会做。（条件状语从句）
13．Unless I receive the letter from him , I won't write to him again .
如果我不收到他的信，就不给他写回信。（条件状语从句）
14．So long as you work hard , you are sure to succeed .
只要你努力工作，就一定能成功。（条件状语从句）
15． Though we were neither very big nor very strong , we were a good team .
虽然我们个儿不大，身体不壮，但是个好队。（让步状语从句）
16．No matter who she is , she'll have to wait .
无论她是谁，也得等。 （让步状语从句）
17．Poor as he was , he was honest .
虽然他很穷，但很诚实。（让步状语从句）
18．It also shows you the caller's telephone number in order that you can recognize who it is .
它能向你显示打电话人的号码以便能够认出是谁。（目的状语从句）
19． He was so excited that he could not say a word .
他如此激动以至于说不出话来。（ 结果状语从句）
20．He works as hard as he used to .
他工作与过去一样努力。（方式状语从句）
21．You must do as I told you .
你必须按我告诉你的去做。（方式状语从句）
运用状语从句应注意的几个问题:
1) 状语从句中用一般现在时代替一般将来时
2) because 不与so 连用, 表示"因为...所以" 二者只能选择其一 ; though ( although ) 不与but 连用, 表示 " 虽然...但是" ,二者只能选择其一.
3) 同一引导词可以引导不同种类的从句. 如: where
You'll find it where it was . (地点状语从句)
Tell me the address where he lives . (定语从句)
I don't know where he came from . (宾语从句)
Where he has gone is not known yet . (主语从句)
This is where they once lived . ( 表语从句)
since , as, when 也分别可以引导不同种类的从句.
练习题
I .填入适当的引导词
1. I haven't heard from him _____ he went to America .
2.He won't be here _____ he is invited .
3. He will not go to the cinema _____ he is very busy .
4. We found the key _____ she lad left it .
5. We found the books two days ____ he had gone away .
6. We had no sooner got to the station _____ the train left .
7. He speaks English ______ he were an Englishman .
8.He is explaining clearly _______ they could understand .
9. Do not leave the room _____ you have finished the test .
10. She sang ______ she went along .
答案： 1.since 2.unless 3.because 4.where 5.after 6.than 7.as if 8.so that 9.before 10.as
II.改错
1. The children were running on the playground as fast as they can .
2.Since her husband had died , so she had to support her family .
3.He won't go out until his mother will come .
4.He was very foolish that he didn't pass such an easy exam .
5.Tom had gone out as soon as his mother got home .
6.It was three months since he came to our school .
7.The playground of our school is larger than their school .
8.The streets in Nanjing are wider than Shanghai .
9.Whatever there is plenty of sun and rain , the fields are green .
10. She sings songs as if she is a bird .
答案：1. can 改为could 2.去掉so 3.will come改为 comes 4. very改为 so 5.as soon as 改为when 6.was 改为is 7.than 之后加上that of 8.than 后加 those in 9.whatever改为 wherever 10. is改为 were
III. 找出从句并指出是那类从句
1. It depends on whether we have enough time .
2.The question he asked was where the electrical equipment should be stored .
3. The mountain is no longer what it used to be .
4. The fact that she works hard is well known to us all .
5. He was not the man that he was before .
6. Now you was free , why not go swimming with us
7. Where there are schools and colleges , there are examinations .
8. Bad habits , once firmed , are difficult to give up .
9.She often wears the same kind of skirt as her twin sister does .
10 .The moment he opened the window , a bird flew in .
答案：
1.whether we have enough time 介词宾语从句
2.he asked 定语从句 where the electrical equipment should be stored表语从句
3.what it used to be 表语从句
4. that she works hard 同位语从句
5. that he was before 定语从句
6.Now you was free 让步状语从句 now= now that
7.Where there are schools and colleges 地点状语从句
8. once firmed 时间状语从句
9. as her twin sister does 定语从句
10. The moment he opened the window 时间状语从句
IV.填入适当的引导词完成句子
1.____ will do the experiment comes to the professor's office .
2. ___ will do the experiment hasn't been decided .
3. The teacher didn't leave ______ twelve o'clock .
4. ______ the day went on , the weather got worse .
5. _____ she is young , she knows quite a lot .
6. It worried her a bit ____ her hair was turning grey .
7. You will be late ____ you leave immediately.
8.Go and get your coat . It's ______ you left it .
9.______ is mentioned above , the number of the students in senior high schools is increasing .
10. ____ had I entered the room ____ the phone rang .
答案：1.Whoever 2. Who 3.until 4.As 5.Although 6.that 7.unless 8.where 9.As 10 Hardly, when ( No sooner , than )
V. 改错
1.Is this the watch for which he is looking now
2. This is all which I can do for you .
3.Do you know the old man at the back of the room, whom has been chosen head of the factory .
4. I want to know the way which you learn new words .
5. Can you tell me that there's a bookstore near here
6. Our school quite different from that it was before .
7. If she likes the present is not clear to me .
8.For she is ill , she hasn't come to school .
9. It gave him so a big shock that his face turned pale .
10. He is cleverer than any boy in his class .
答案：1.for 放在looking 之后 2.which 改为 that 3.whom 改为who 4.which改为 how 5.that改为 whether 6.that 改为what 7.If改为 Whether 8.For改为Because 9.so改为 such 10.any 后加other
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英语专题（六）
状 语 从 句
天津 王定民
状语从句在句中相当于副词做状语, 又叫副词性从句。状语从句分为时间状语从句、条件状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语从句、让步状语从句、结果状语从句和 比较状语从句。掌握状语从句应当引导词入手，注意引导词的词义,引导状语从句的引导词都有词思,所以,了解引导词的意思尤为重要。引导词按意义分为九类:
1) 时间 when , as , while , till , until , before , after , since
2) 地点 where
3) 原因 because , as , since , now that
4) 条件 if , unless , once . so (as) long as . in case
5) 让步 though , whatever (--ever ) as , even though , even if
6) 目的 so that , in order that
7) 结果 so ... that
8) 比较 than , as .. as
9) 方式 as , as if
例如:
1． I fell asleep when ( as , while ) he was doing his exercises .
他正作练习时我睡着了。（时间状语从句）
2． When he arrived in Shanghai , his mother met him at the station .
他到上海时，他妈妈到车站接他。（时间状语从句）
3． She always sings as she walks .
她总是一边走一边唱。（ 时间状语从句）
4．I waited until he had finished his work .
我等到他做完活。（时间状语从句）
5．It was not long before he told me about this affair .
不久，他就告诉我这件事。（时间状语从句）
6．He has worked very hard since he entered the factory .
自从他进厂，工作一直很努力。（时间状语从句）
7．After he had finished the work , he went home .
他干完活，回家了。（时间状语从句）
8．Where there is a will， there is a way .
有志者，事竟成。（地点状语从句）
9．She didn't come to school because she was ill .
她由于有病没来上学。（原因状语从句）
10．As he did not know much English , he looked up the word in the dictionary .
由于他不懂什么英语，所以查字典。（原因状语从句）
11．Now that ( Since ) I've told you twice , you must know it .
既然我告诉你两次了，你必须记住。（原因状语从句）
12．Once he says that , he will do it .
一旦他说了，他就会做。（条件状语从句）
13．Unless I receive the letter from him , I won't write to him again .
如果我不收到他的信，就不给他写回信。（条件状语从句）
14．So long as you work hard , you are sure to succeed .
只要你努力工作，就一定能成功。（条件状语从句）
15． Though we were neither very big nor very strong , we were a good team .
虽然我们个儿不大，身体不壮，但是个好队。（让步状语从句）
16．No matter who she is , she'll have to wait .
无论她是谁，也得等。 （让步状语从句）
17．Poor as he was , he was honest .
虽然他很穷，但很诚实。（让步状语从句）
18．It also shows you the caller's telephone number in order that you can recognize who it is .
它能向你显示打电话人的号码以便能够认出是谁。（目的状语从句）
19． He was so excited that he could not say a word .
他如此激动以至于说不出话来。（ 结果状语从句）
20．He works as hard as he used to .
他工作与过去一样努力。（方式状语从句）
21．You must do as I told you .
你必须按我告诉你的去做。（方式状语从句）
运用状语从句应注意的几个问题:
1) 状语从句中用一般现在时代替一般将来时
2) because 不与so 连用, 表示"因为...所以" 二者只能选择其一 ; though ( although ) 不与but 连用, 表示 " 虽然...但是" ,二者只能选择其一.
3) 同一引导词可以引导不同种类的从句. 如: where
You'll find it where it was . (地点状语从句)
Tell me the address where he lives . (定语从句)
I don't know where he came from . (宾语从句)
Where he has gone is not known yet . (主语从句)
This is where they once lived . ( 表语从句)
since , as, when 也分别可以引导不同种类的从句.
练习题
I .填入适当的引导词
1. I haven't heard from him _____ he went to America .
2.He won't be here _____ he is invited .
3. He will not go to the cinema _____ he is very busy .
4. We found the key _____ she lad left it .
5. We found the books two days ____ he had gone away .
6. We had no sooner got to the station _____ the train left .
7. He speaks English ______ he were an Englishman .
8.He is explaining clearly _______ they could understand .
9. Do not leave the room _____ you have finished the test .
10. She sang ______ she went along .
答案： 1.since 2.unless 3.because 4.where 5.after 6.than 7.as if 8.so that 9.before 10.as
II.改错
1. The children were running on the playground as fast as they can .
2.Since her husband had died , so she had to support her family .
3.He won't go out until his mother will come .
4.He was very foolish that he didn't pass such an easy exam .
5.Tom had gone out as soon as his mother got home .
6.It was three months since he came to our school .
7.The playground of our school is larger than their school .
8.The streets in Nanjing are wider than Shanghai .
9.Whatever there is plenty of sun and rain , the fields are green .
10. She sings songs as if she is a bird .
答案：1. can 改为could 2.去掉so 3.will come改为 comes 4. very改为 so 5.as soon as 改为when 6.was 改为is 7.than 之后加上that of 8.than 后加 those in 9.whatever改为 wherever 10. is改为 were
III. 找出从句并指出是那类从句
1. It depends on whether we have enough time .
2.The question he asked was where the electrical equipment should be stored .
3. The mountain is no longer what it used to be .
4. The fact that she works hard is well known to us all .
5. He was not the man that he was before .
6. Now you was free , why not go swimming with us
7. Where there are schools and colleges , there are examinations .
8. Bad habits , once firmed , are difficult to give up .
9.She often wears the same kind of skirt as her twin sister does .
10 .The moment he opened the window , a bird flew in .
答案：
1.whether we have enough time 介词宾语从句
2.he asked 定语从句 where the electrical equipment should be stored表语从句
3.what it used to be 表语从句
4. that she works hard 同位语从句
5. that he was before 定语从句
6.Now you was free 让步状语从句 now= now that
7.Where there are schools and colleges 地点状语从句
8. once firmed 时间状语从句
9. as her twin sister does 定语从句
10. The moment he opened the window 时间状语从句
IV.填入适当的引导词完成句子
1.____ will do the experiment comes to the professor's office .
2. ___ will do the experiment hasn't been decided .
3. The teacher didn't leave ______ twelve o'clock .
4. ______ the day went on , the weather got worse .
5. _____ she is young , she knows quite a lot .
6. It worried her a bit ____ her hair was turning grey .
7. You will be late ____ you leave immediately.
8.Go and get your coat . It's ______ you left it .
9.______ is mentioned above , the number of the students in senior high schools is increasing .
10. ____ had I entered the room ____ the phone rang .
答案：1.Whoever 2. Who 3.until 4.As 5.Although 6.that 7.unless 8.where 9.As 10 Hardly, when ( No sooner , than )
V. 改错
1.Is this the watch for which he is looking now
2. This is all which I can do for you .
3.Do you know the old man at the back of the room, whom has been chosen head of the factory .
4. I want to know the way which you learn new words .
5. Can you tell me that there's a bookstore near here
6. Our school quite different from that it was before .
7. If she likes the present is not clear to me .
8.For she is ill , she hasn't come to school .
9. It gave him so a big shock that his face turned pale .
10. He is cleverer than any boy in his class .
答案：1.for 放在looking 之后 2.which 改为 that 3.whom 改为who 4.which改为 how 5.that改为 whether 6.that 改为what 7.If改为 Whether 8.For改为Because 9.so改为 such 10.any 后加other
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