it的用法(句型)[上学期]
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课件50张PPT。It 构成的句型小结一、 It作形式主语的句型 为使句子平衡，往往把it置于句首作形式主语，而把真正的主语（通常是不定式短语、动名词短语或主语从句）移至句末。It 作形式主语的句型有 ㈠ it 代指不定式短语的句型 1. It takes + (sb.) + sometime / some money + to do sth.做某事花去某人多长时间It took me more than a year to learn to draw a beautiful horse in five minutes. 我花了一年多时间才学会在5分钟内画出一匹好看的马来。2. It takes + 名词 + (for sb.) to do sth. 某人做某事需要… … It took great imagination as well as patience for Annie to teach me to speak. 对安妮来说，教我说话需要极大的信心和想象力 3. It is + 形容词 + (for / of sb.) to do sth. 某人做某事是… …的常用于该句型的形容词比较多。for sb. 的句型 常用于表示事物的特征特点，表示客观形式的形容词，如easy, difficult, hard, important, possible, impossible, comfortable, necessary, better等。of sb的句型一般用表示人物的性格，品德，表示主观感情或态度的形容词，如kind, nice, stupid, rude, clever, foolish, thoughtful, thoughtless, brave, considerate(考虑周到的), silly, selfish(自私的) 等。 It is getting harder every day for a lazy man to get a living. 懒汉谋生是越来越困难了。
It was kind of you to help us. 谢谢你对我们的帮助。 4. It is + 名词 + to do sth. 做某事是… …的 常用于该句型的名词有：manners, duty, fun, good, a great honour, the first, the next, the last, the best, too much, too little, not enough等。 5. It is + one’s turn + to do sth. 轮到某人做某事 It was my turn to clean the blackboard. 轮到我擦黑板了。 6. It is + up to sb. + to do sth. 做某事是某人的责任或义务 It’s up to us to give them all the help we can. 我们理应竭尽所能地给予他们帮助。 ㈡ it 代指动名词短语的句型 7. It is + 名词 + doing sth. 做某事是… …
用于该句型的名词有：no good, no use, hard work, a nuisance, a waste of time, a great honour等。 It’s no use/good (in) crying over spilt/spilled milk. 事已至此，后悔也无用。（牛奶已泼，哭也没用。） 8. It is + 形容词 + doing sth. 做某事真… … 用于该句型的形容词有：pleasant, useless, senseless, worthwhile, dangerous等。 It was pleasant meeting you in London that day. 那天在伦敦见到你真高兴。 ㈢ it 代指名词性从句的句型 9. It + be + 名词 + that从句 用于该句型中的名词有：a pity, a shame, a fact, an honour, a wonder, a good thing, good news, no wonder等。 惯用句型有： It is common knowledge that… ……是常识 It is a surprise that…令人惊奇的是…… It is a fact that… 事实是…… It‘s a pity that you should have to leave.你非走不可真是件憾事。
It is no wonder that he has passed the examination. 难怪他考试及格了。 10. It + be + 形容词 + that从句 … … 是 … … 用于该句型中的形容词有：clear, obvious, true, certain, important, strange, natural, surprising, fortunate, good, wonderful, funny, possible, impossible, likely, unlikely, quite clear, unusual等。 惯用句型有： It is necessary that… 有必要…… It is important that… 重要的是…… It is obvious that… 很明显…… It is necessary that the students (should) remember all the new words. 学生记住所有的新单词是必要的。 注意：It is demanded / necessary / a pity + that…结构中的主语从句的谓语动词要用should 加动词原形， should 可省略。其句型为： (1)suggested It is (2)important that…+ (should) do (3) a pity (1) suggested, ordered, proposed, required, demanded, requested, insisted + (should) do (2) important, necessary, natural, strange + (should) do (3) a pity, a shame, no wonder + (should) do 11. It + be + -ed 分词 + that从句 据… …是… …的常见的过去分词有：said, reported, learned, announced, known, decided, expected, believed, considered, declared, felt, hoped, seen, supposed, thought, understood等。惯用句型有： It is said that… 据说 It is reported that… 据报道 It is believed that… 大家相信 It is hoped that… 大家希望 It is well known that… 众所周知 It is thought that… 大家认为 It is suggested that… 据建议 It has been decided that… 大家决定 It must be remembered that…务必记住的是 It is said that he has gone to the USA for further study. 据说他已去美国深造了。 12. It + 及物动词 + 名词 + 从句It doesn’t make any difference to me whether he goes or not. 不管他是否去对我都没有什么影响。 13. It + 不及物动词 + that分句常见的不及物动词有：seem, happen, look, appear, come about, turn out, occur等。 惯用句型有： It appears that… 似乎…… It (so) happens (that)…那么）碰 巧…… It occurred to me that… 我突然想起…… It happened that he wasn’t there. (= He happened not to be there.) 碰巧他不在哪儿。 14. It doesn’t matter (to sb.) + 从句 （对）… …都无所谓 It doesn’t matter to me what he says. 对我来说，他说什么都无所谓。 二、 It 作形式宾语的句型㈠ it 代指不定式短语的句型 15. 主语 + find(make, feel) it + adj. (+ for sb.) + to do sth. I find it easy enough to get on with Tom. 我觉得与汤姆相处很容易。 16. 主语 + find(make, feel) it + n. + to do sth.He felt it his duty to mention the fact to Mr. Smith. 他觉得把事实告诉史密斯先生是他的职责。 ㈡ it 代指动名词短语的句型17. 主语 + think + it + n. + doing sth.We thought it no use doing that. 我们认为做那件事是无用的。 18. 主语 + think + it + adj. + doing sth.I think it very unwise going on as we are without definite agreement. 我认为像我们这样没有确定协议而进行是不明智的。 ㈢ it 代指名词性从句的句型19. 主语 + find(make, think) it + n. + that从句 I consider it a great shame that I didn’t pass the examination. 我认为我考试不及格是件非常羞耻的事。20. 主语 + find(make, think) it + adj. + that从句I think it best that you should stay here.我认为你最好呆在这里。 21. 主语 + take it for granted + that从句I take it for granted that you will be coming to the meeting. 我当然认为你会来参加会议。 22. I hate (like, enjoy, love) + it + when从句 我不喜欢/喜欢 … … I hate it when people talk with their mouths full. 我很不喜欢人们吃着东西说话。 三、 It 用于强调结构句型23. It is/was + 被强调部分 + that…… 1. It was my father who did the experiment in the lab yesterday evening. 是我父亲昨天晚上在实验室做的试验。 2. It was the experiment that my father did in the lab yesterday evening. 那个实验是我父亲昨天晚上在实验室做的。 3. It was yesterday evening that my father did the experiment in the lab. 是昨天晚上我父亲在实验室做的那个实验。 4. It was in the lab that my father did the experiment yesterday evening. 是在实验室里我父亲昨天晚上做的那个实验。 It is the ability to do the job that matters not where you come from or what you are. 干工作的能力不在乎你来自何方还是干什么的。
What was it that made you so happy? 使你这么高兴的到底是什么？ 24. It is/was not until + 被强调部分 + that ……直到… …才 … … It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star. 直到她摘下墨镜来我才意识到她是一位著名影星。
It is not until I have seen it with my own eyes that I will believe it. 只有我亲眼看到这件事，我才相信它。 25. It is/was … not … (被强调部分)+ that… 是… …而不是… … It was last week not yesterday that she met your brother in New York. 她是在上周而不是在昨天，在纽约看见你弟弟的。 It was not last week but yesterday that she met your brother in New York. 她不是在上周而是在昨天，在纽约看见你弟弟的。 26. It is/was because … … + that … … 是因为… … 才… … It was because he was ill that he had to see a doctor. 是因为病了，他才不得不去看医生的。
He told me that it was because he was ill that they decided to return. 他告诉我正是因为他患病了他们才决定回来的。 27. It is/was not because… … but because … … + that … …不是因为 … … 而是因为 … … 才 … …It is not because she is beautiful but because she has a talent for music that I recommend her. 我不是因为她美，而是因为她有音乐天才，才推荐她的。 It is not because of your efficiency but because of long absence that you get little money. 不是因为你做事效率低，而是因为你缺勤时间久，得到的钱才少的。 28. It is/was + (被强调部分) + (that) … …+ that … …正是 … … 的这个 … … 才 … … It is in the factory (that) we visited last week that his father works. 他父亲工作的地方，正是上周我们参观的那家工厂。 It is in the way (that) I like that she cooks chicken. 她正是以我喜欢的方式烹调鸡肉的。 四、 It 用于特殊结构句型29. It is + time + for sb. to do sth 到……时间了; 该到……了
It is + time(about time, high time) + (that) sb. did sth. 时间已迟了; 早该……了 后面的从句谓语动词要用过去式或用should加动词原形，但should不可省略。 It is time that the children went to bed. (= It is high time that the children should go to bed.) 该到孩子们上床睡觉的时间了。 It’s about time you stopped smoking. 是你该戒烟的时候了。 30. It is + the first / second time（表次数）+ that从句 这是第一次 /第二次… … 该结构中的从句部分，用现在完成时。It is the first time that I have visited the city. It was the third time that the boy had been late. 31. It is + 一段时间 + since从句 =It has been + 一段时间 + since从句 自从… … 以来已经 … …It is (= has been) five years since we last met. 自从我们上次见面以来已经有五年了。 注意：since从句中用延续性动词或状态动词的一般过去时，通常表示动作或状态的完成或结束。It is five years since he lived here. It is a long time since he smoked. 他不住在这儿已五年了。他戒烟已有好长时间了。It is three years since he joined the army.他参军三年了。
It is three years since he was in the army. 他复员（离开军队）三年了。 32. It be + 一段时间+ before从句 好久… … 就 … … It was some time before he could speak.过了好一会以后他才说出话来。 It was not long before I realized my mistake. 不久我就意识到了我的错误。 It will be some months before we graduate from school.
几个月后,我们才毕业此句型的关键在于主句为将来时,before 从句为一般现在时
主句为一般过去时,从句也用一般过去时
主句肯定, 意思是“过多久从句动作才发生”
主句否定，意思是“不久，从句动作就发生”㈡ 固定习语句型 此类句型颇多，现就高中出现的列举一二： 33. It / That (all) depends. 要看情况而定 --- Can you come to the party tonight? --- It all depends when I finish my paper. --- 你今晚能来参加晚会吗？ --- 那要看我什么时候做完作业。34. It’s /That’s too bad + (that)从句 太不幸了；太可惜了；真糟糕It is too bad Jack doesn’t know German better. 真可惜杰克的德语没有学得更好一些。 35. When / If it comes / came to the point, … … 到了紧要关头；到采取行动或作出决定的时候When it came to the point, he refused to help. 到了紧要关头时他却拒绝援助。
It was kind of you to help us. 谢谢你对我们的帮助。 4. It is + 名词 + to do sth. 做某事是… …的 常用于该句型的名词有：manners, duty, fun, good, a great honour, the first, the next, the last, the best, too much, too little, not enough等。 5. It is + one’s turn + to do sth. 轮到某人做某事 It was my turn to clean the blackboard. 轮到我擦黑板了。 6. It is + up to sb. + to do sth. 做某事是某人的责任或义务 It’s up to us to give them all the help we can. 我们理应竭尽所能地给予他们帮助。 ㈡ it 代指动名词短语的句型 7. It is + 名词 + doing sth. 做某事是… …
用于该句型的名词有：no good, no use, hard work, a nuisance, a waste of time, a great honour等。 It’s no use/good (in) crying over spilt/spilled milk. 事已至此，后悔也无用。（牛奶已泼，哭也没用。） 8. It is + 形容词 + doing sth. 做某事真… … 用于该句型的形容词有：pleasant, useless, senseless, worthwhile, dangerous等。 It was pleasant meeting you in London that day. 那天在伦敦见到你真高兴。 ㈢ it 代指名词性从句的句型 9. It + be + 名词 + that从句 用于该句型中的名词有：a pity, a shame, a fact, an honour, a wonder, a good thing, good news, no wonder等。 惯用句型有： It is common knowledge that… ……是常识 It is a surprise that…令人惊奇的是…… It is a fact that… 事实是…… It‘s a pity that you should have to leave.你非走不可真是件憾事。
It is no wonder that he has passed the examination. 难怪他考试及格了。 10. It + be + 形容词 + that从句 … … 是 … … 用于该句型中的形容词有：clear, obvious, true, certain, important, strange, natural, surprising, fortunate, good, wonderful, funny, possible, impossible, likely, unlikely, quite clear, unusual等。 惯用句型有： It is necessary that… 有必要…… It is important that… 重要的是…… It is obvious that… 很明显…… It is necessary that the students (should) remember all the new words. 学生记住所有的新单词是必要的。 注意：It is demanded / necessary / a pity + that…结构中的主语从句的谓语动词要用should 加动词原形， should 可省略。其句型为： (1)suggested It is (2)important that…+ (should) do (3) a pity (1) suggested, ordered, proposed, required, demanded, requested, insisted + (should) do (2) important, necessary, natural, strange + (should) do (3) a pity, a shame, no wonder + (should) do 11. It + be + -ed 分词 + that从句 据… …是… …的常见的过去分词有：said, reported, learned, announced, known, decided, expected, believed, considered, declared, felt, hoped, seen, supposed, thought, understood等。惯用句型有： It is said that… 据说 It is reported that… 据报道 It is believed that… 大家相信 It is hoped that… 大家希望 It is well known that… 众所周知 It is thought that… 大家认为 It is suggested that… 据建议 It has been decided that… 大家决定 It must be remembered that…务必记住的是 It is said that he has gone to the USA for further study. 据说他已去美国深造了。 12. It + 及物动词 + 名词 + 从句It doesn’t make any difference to me whether he goes or not. 不管他是否去对我都没有什么影响。 13. It + 不及物动词 + that分句常见的不及物动词有：seem, happen, look, appear, come about, turn out, occur等。 惯用句型有： It appears that… 似乎…… It (so) happens (that)…那么）碰 巧…… It occurred to me that… 我突然想起…… It happened that he wasn’t there. (= He happened not to be there.) 碰巧他不在哪儿。 14. It doesn’t matter (to sb.) + 从句 （对）… …都无所谓 It doesn’t matter to me what he says. 对我来说，他说什么都无所谓。 二、 It 作形式宾语的句型㈠ it 代指不定式短语的句型 15. 主语 + find(make, feel) it + adj. (+ for sb.) + to do sth. I find it easy enough to get on with Tom. 我觉得与汤姆相处很容易。 16. 主语 + find(make, feel) it + n. + to do sth.He felt it his duty to mention the fact to Mr. Smith. 他觉得把事实告诉史密斯先生是他的职责。 ㈡ it 代指动名词短语的句型17. 主语 + think + it + n. + doing sth.We thought it no use doing that. 我们认为做那件事是无用的。 18. 主语 + think + it + adj. + doing sth.I think it very unwise going on as we are without definite agreement. 我认为像我们这样没有确定协议而进行是不明智的。 ㈢ it 代指名词性从句的句型19. 主语 + find(make, think) it + n. + that从句 I consider it a great shame that I didn’t pass the examination. 我认为我考试不及格是件非常羞耻的事。20. 主语 + find(make, think) it + adj. + that从句I think it best that you should stay here.我认为你最好呆在这里。 21. 主语 + take it for granted + that从句I take it for granted that you will be coming to the meeting. 我当然认为你会来参加会议。 22. I hate (like, enjoy, love) + it + when从句 我不喜欢/喜欢 … … I hate it when people talk with their mouths full. 我很不喜欢人们吃着东西说话。 三、 It 用于强调结构句型23. It is/was + 被强调部分 + that…… 1. It was my father who did the experiment in the lab yesterday evening. 是我父亲昨天晚上在实验室做的试验。 2. It was the experiment that my father did in the lab yesterday evening. 那个实验是我父亲昨天晚上在实验室做的。 3. It was yesterday evening that my father did the experiment in the lab. 是昨天晚上我父亲在实验室做的那个实验。 4. It was in the lab that my father did the experiment yesterday evening. 是在实验室里我父亲昨天晚上做的那个实验。 It is the ability to do the job that matters not where you come from or what you are. 干工作的能力不在乎你来自何方还是干什么的。
What was it that made you so happy? 使你这么高兴的到底是什么？ 24. It is/was not until + 被强调部分 + that ……直到… …才 … … It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star. 直到她摘下墨镜来我才意识到她是一位著名影星。
It is not until I have seen it with my own eyes that I will believe it. 只有我亲眼看到这件事，我才相信它。 25. It is/was … not … (被强调部分)+ that… 是… …而不是… … It was last week not yesterday that she met your brother in New York. 她是在上周而不是在昨天，在纽约看见你弟弟的。 It was not last week but yesterday that she met your brother in New York. 她不是在上周而是在昨天，在纽约看见你弟弟的。 26. It is/was because … … + that … … 是因为… … 才… … It was because he was ill that he had to see a doctor. 是因为病了，他才不得不去看医生的。
He told me that it was because he was ill that they decided to return. 他告诉我正是因为他患病了他们才决定回来的。 27. It is/was not because… … but because … … + that … …不是因为 … … 而是因为 … … 才 … …It is not because she is beautiful but because she has a talent for music that I recommend her. 我不是因为她美，而是因为她有音乐天才，才推荐她的。 It is not because of your efficiency but because of long absence that you get little money. 不是因为你做事效率低，而是因为你缺勤时间久，得到的钱才少的。 28. It is/was + (被强调部分) + (that) … …+ that … …正是 … … 的这个 … … 才 … … It is in the factory (that) we visited last week that his father works. 他父亲工作的地方，正是上周我们参观的那家工厂。 It is in the way (that) I like that she cooks chicken. 她正是以我喜欢的方式烹调鸡肉的。 四、 It 用于特殊结构句型29. It is + time + for sb. to do sth 到……时间了; 该到……了
It is + time(about time, high time) + (that) sb. did sth. 时间已迟了; 早该……了 后面的从句谓语动词要用过去式或用should加动词原形，但should不可省略。 It is time that the children went to bed. (= It is high time that the children should go to bed.) 该到孩子们上床睡觉的时间了。 It’s about time you stopped smoking. 是你该戒烟的时候了。 30. It is + the first / second time（表次数）+ that从句 这是第一次 /第二次… … 该结构中的从句部分，用现在完成时。It is the first time that I have visited the city. It was the third time that the boy had been late. 31. It is + 一段时间 + since从句 =It has been + 一段时间 + since从句 自从… … 以来已经 … …It is (= has been) five years since we last met. 自从我们上次见面以来已经有五年了。 注意：since从句中用延续性动词或状态动词的一般过去时，通常表示动作或状态的完成或结束。It is five years since he lived here. It is a long time since he smoked. 他不住在这儿已五年了。他戒烟已有好长时间了。It is three years since he joined the army.他参军三年了。
It is three years since he was in the army. 他复员（离开军队）三年了。 32. It be + 一段时间+ before从句 好久… … 就 … … It was some time before he could speak.过了好一会以后他才说出话来。 It was not long before I realized my mistake. 不久我就意识到了我的错误。 It will be some months before we graduate from school.
几个月后,我们才毕业此句型的关键在于主句为将来时,before 从句为一般现在时
主句为一般过去时,从句也用一般过去时
主句肯定, 意思是“过多久从句动作才发生”
主句否定，意思是“不久，从句动作就发生”㈡ 固定习语句型 此类句型颇多，现就高中出现的列举一二： 33. It / That (all) depends. 要看情况而定 --- Can you come to the party tonight? --- It all depends when I finish my paper. --- 你今晚能来参加晚会吗？ --- 那要看我什么时候做完作业。34. It’s /That’s too bad + (that)从句 太不幸了；太可惜了；真糟糕It is too bad Jack doesn’t know German better. 真可惜杰克的德语没有学得更好一些。 35. When / If it comes / came to the point, … … 到了紧要关头；到采取行动或作出决定的时候When it came to the point, he refused to help. 到了紧要关头时他却拒绝援助。