复习强调句型[下学期]
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课件69张PPT。高考英语复习专题强调句型It is (was) +被强调部分+ that (who)+ 句子其他部分。此结构强调的成分仅限于主语、宾语、表语和状语。一、强调句型的强调部分必须是对 that / who 之后句子的某一成分表示强调，如果把“It is (was)...that ”去掉，该句应该意思完整，不缺任何句子成分. Is it _____ who wants to see you? A. him B. he C. his D. himself It was _____ who respected all their teachers. A. them B. their C. they D. themselves C--- What is Mary ? --- Was it ____that you were referred to ? A. he B. she C. her D. they C强调部分如果是人称代词，应根据句子需要选择它的主格
或宾格形式 BIt _____ Mike and Mary who helped the old man several days ago . A. was B. are C. were D. had been AIt _____ at Christmas that John Smith gave Mary a handbag. A. must have B. will be
C. might have been
D. may have had C注意谓语动词形式与整个句子语境的一致性 二、强调部分为疑问词时： _____ electricity plays an important part in our daily life ? A. Why was it that
B. Why is it that
C. Why is it
D. Why it is that BWho was it _____ wanted to see me just now ? A. that B. who C. when D. when A_____ you met the foreigner from Canada ? A. Where it was that B. Who it was that C. Where was it that D. Where was that C
强调部分为疑问代词或疑问副词时，该强调句句型结构
与特殊疑问句句型相 同，即：“疑问词 + 一般疑问句” 三、强调部分为 " not ... until " 句型： It was not until late in the evening _____ her husband arrived home .
A. which B. when C. that D. how CIt was not until 1920 _____ regular radio broadcasts began. A. which B. when C. that D. since C It was not _____ she took off her dark
glasses _____I realized she was a famous film star. A. when ; that B. until ; that
C. until ; when D. when ; then B注意 " not ... until " 句型的变化。比较下列三个句子： She didn't remember her appointment with the doctor until she had arrived home. It was not until she had arrived home that she
remembered her appointment with the doctor. Not until she had arrived home did she remember her appointment with the doctor. 四、强调部分为介词短语： It was through Jack _____ Mary got to know Bob . A. who B. whom C. how D. that DIt was on October 1st 1949 _____ new China was founded . A. which B. when C. as D. that DWas it in this palace _____ the last emperor died ? A. that B. in which
C. in where D. which AIt was the school gate ______ I met an old friend of mine after class . A. that B. which C. where D. why C强调部分为介词短语时，表示时间或地点时，应注意与定语从句的区别 It was ______he said________disappointed me.
what…that B. that…that
C. What…what D. that…what
It_____Mary and Mike who helped the old man yesterday.
was B. were
C. are D. had been
AAIt was for this reason ______ her uncle moved out of New York and settled down in a small village．
A．which B．why C．that D．how
CIt is because he is too young _____he does not understand it.
as B. so
C. that D. what
C_____ in this room that our first meeting was held.
Just when B. When
C. Where D .It was
DIt was on the National Day______ she met with her separated sister.
A. that B. where
C. when D. which
AIt was not until 1936_____baseball became a regular part of Olympic Games.
A. then B. which
C that D. when
C_______ computers play such an important part in our daily life?
A．Why it is that B．Why is it that
C．Why was it that D．Why is it
BIt was not ____she took off her glasses_____I realized she was a famous film star.
A .when , that B .until , that
C .until , then D. when , then
BWas it during the Second World War_____ he died?
that B .while
C. in which D .then
A_____ he came back home that we knew what had happened . A. When it was B. It was when
C. Was it when D. When was it BIt was the training ____ he had as a young man _____made him such a good engineer. A. what ; that B. that ; what
C. that ; which D. which : that DDo you have my dictionary, Mr. Yang?
Yes , I have_____ right here. A. one B. this C. it D. that
CWhy don’t we take a little break? Didn’t we just have______. A. it B. that C. one D. this
?
CI hope there are enough glasses for each guests to have___________. A. it B. those C. them D. one
D_______used to be thought that the was flat.
A. He B. What C. It D. That
CI found_____possible for_______to work out the maths problem. A. it; he B. that; he C. that; him D. it; him
DDoes_____matter if he can’t finish the job on time? A. this B. that C. he D. it
D“Who is knocking at the door?”
“___________.”
A. I’m Mary. B. She is me, Mary
C. He’s me D. It’s me, Mary
DShe thought_____a great honour to be invited to
speak to us.
A. that B. this C. it D. it is
C______is a fact that English is being accepted as
an international language.
A. There B. This C. That D. It
CI hate______when people talk with their mouths full.
A. it B. that C. these D. them
AIs_________necessary to complete the design
before National Day?
A. this B. that C. it D. he
C It took us over an hour along the street. A. walk B. to walk C. walking D. walked B Many people now make a rule to buy cards for
their friends before Christmas. A. themselves B. it C. that D. this B is very clear to everyone that he's round and
tall like a tree. A. This B. What C. That D. It DSomeone is at the door, who is ? A. this B. that C. it D. he C—Has the boy got his bicycle now? —Yes, the police gave . A. him to him B. it to it C. it to him D. him to it C强调划线部分 1.Mary gave me the new book. It was Mary who (that) gave me the new book. 2.We went to the Great Wall the day
before yesterday. It was the day before yesterday that we went to the Great Wall. 3.I want you to help me with my English. It is my English that I want you to help me with. 4.The days begin to get longer in February. It is in February that the days begin to get longer. 5.We held a League meeting in the classroom. It was a League meeting that we held in the classroom.改为强调结构
1.The meeting will not begin until
everyone is seated. It is not until everyone is seated that the meeting will begin. Why is it that he came late for the meeting? 2.Why did he come late for the meeting? 3.How did you find his house? How was it that you found his house? 4.Where did the 44th World Table Tennis Championships take place? Where was it that the 44th World Table Tennis Championships took place? It is + 被强调部分 + that ... 该句型是强调句型。将被强调的部分放在前面，其它
部分置于that之后，被强调部分可以是主语，宾语，表语
或状语，强调的主语如果是人，that可以由who换用。如
果把这种句型结构划掉后，应该是一个完整无缺的句子；
这也是判断强调句型与其它从句的方法。 It was they that (who) cleaned the classroom yesterday. It was in the street that I met her father. It is not until + 被强调部分 + that ... 该句型也是强调句型。主要用于强凋时间状语，译成汉语
“直到…才…＂，可以说是 not ... until ... 的强调形式。 It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she
was a famous film star. = Not until she took off her dark glasses did I realize she was = I didn’t realize she was a famous film star until she took off It is clear (obvious, true, possible, certain....) that ..... 该句型中it 是形式主语，真正的主语是that 引导的主语从句，
常译为”清楚(显然, 真的, 肯定…)”是主语从句最常见的一种
结构。 It is very clear that he’s round and tall like a tree. = That he’s round and tall like a tree is very clear. 强调句型考点面面观句型结构：
It is / was + 被强调部分+ that / who +句子剩余部分…
本文我们着重探讨该句型的创新变化形式。随着高考考点的不断深入变化，该句型总是以新的面孔出现，或本身发生变化，或与其他句式结构相结合，然而万变不离其宗，总是脱不掉it，be，that/who这一框架结构。笔者结合近几年有关高考题的特点，将其变化形式归纳如下：强调句型的一般疑问句形式。
一. 句式特征：Is/ Was it +被强调部分+ that…；
1．（1994 上海）Was it in 1969 ____ the American astronauts succeeded ___ landing on the moon ?
A. when; on B. that; on C. when; in D. that; in
简析]：比较It was in 1969 that the American astronauts succeeded in landing on the moon 我们不难看出该题干实质上是该陈述句的一般疑问句形式。答案选D。
2．Could it be in the restaurant in ____ you had dinner with me yesterday ____ you lost your handbag? A. that; which??? B. which; that??? C. where; that??? D. that; where
这是一个含有情态动词的强调句型的一般疑问句形式，第一空格所在的句子成分应为定语从句，结合介词in应用关系代词which；第二个空格所在部分应为强调句型中的that分句。故答案为B。二、 结合特殊疑问词构成特殊疑问句形式。
句式特征：特殊疑问词+is/was it that…？
3．_______ is it _______has made Peter _______he is today?
A. What; that; that B. That; that; what
C. What; what; that D. What; that; what
[简析]：本题结构复杂，乍看难以理清，请看下面两句：
It is determination that has made Peter what he is today.
对划线部分提问→What is it that has made Peter what he is today?
对照原题，则答案为D。
依此为据扩展开来可为：
4．How is it that she turned down our help? 什么原因使得…？
5．Where was it that you met Tom yesterday? 究竟在哪…？
6．When was it that you met him in the park? 究竟何时…？
7．When and where was it that you got to know Mary? 究竟在何时何地…？
8．Who was it that that came up with the bright idea? 究竟是谁…？
9．Which book is it that you want to buy? 究竟是哪一本书…？
10．Whose umbrella was it that you took away? 到底是谁的伞…？三、 强调句型的反意疑问句形式
句式特征为：It is/was+被强调部分+that…，isn’t / wasn’t it？
11．It was Alice and her boyfriend who sent the old man to the hospital, ______?
A. do they B. didn’t they C. wasn’t it D. was it
[简析]：答案C. 此种情况下疑问句中的主语应与强调句型中的主语it保持一致，不能和被强调部分中的名词或代词保持一致，并要遵守“前肯定后否定”的原则。四、强调句型的感叹句形式。
句式特征为：what/ how … it is (that) +主语+谓语！
12．What a beautiful picture it is (that) you have drawn!
13．How beautiful it is (that) your daughter is!
五、强调句型的“让步含义”。
句式特征为：含有“让步含义”的强调句型在翻译成汉语时要注意“反译”。
14．It is a wise father that knows his own child.
再英明的父亲也不会理解他自己的子女。（莎士比亚名言）
15．It is a wise man that never makes mistakes.
再聪明的人也会犯错误。六、在强调句型中考察主谓一致与比较结构。
在强调句型中，有时也考察用rather than，not …but…等连接的平行对比结构，此时既要注重比较结构，又要注意主谓一致，属于较复杂的句式。
句式特征为：
It is/was not…but…that… ;
不是…而是…（that后的动词与but后的名词或代词保持一致）
It is /was … not … that… ;
或者：It is/was…that… not …;
是…而不是…（that后的动词应与not前的名词或代词保持一致）
It is/was … rather than… that… ;
是…而不是… ( that后的动词应与rather than前的名词或代词保持一致)16．It is not help but obstacles that make a man.
[简析]：本句译为“使人成才的，不是助力，而是阻力”。注意obstacles和make形成主谓一致关系。
17．Personally I think it is the sales manager, rather than the sales girls, ______ to blame.
A. is B. that is C. are D. who are
[简析]：此句被强调部分中的the sales manager，通过rather than与the sales girls形成比较结构，再考虑到主谓一致的原则，应选B。
18．(NMET 2000, 24) It is the ability to do the job _____ matters not where you
come from or what you are.
A. one B. that C. what D. it
[简析]：本题答案选B。在本题中被强调部分the ability to do the job 与 not where you come from or what you are形成比较结构，the ability to do the job与matters形成主谓一致关系。当然本题还可说成：It is the ability to do the job not where you come from or what you are that matters. 但这样就显得句子重心不稳，结构不合理。19．It is the prevention of disease rather than its successful treatment that has led to the rapid increase of the world’s population.
[简析]：本句中被强调部分为对比结构，含义为“导致世界人口快速增长的原因是对疾病的预防而非对疾病的成功治疗。”当然has led to的主语应是the prevention of disease。
七、强调句型中的be动词和情态动词的结合。
句式特征: It may be+ 被强调部分+ that …
It must have been+被强调部分+ that …
Would/ Could it be +被强调部分+that…?
20．It might have been John ______bought a new book for Mary yesterday.
A. what B. since C. that D. then
该题答案为C，许多考生误选其他的原因在于be的复杂化而看不出本句为强调句型。再如：
21．It may be next week that she leaves for Tokyo.八、强调句型和名词性从句的结合。
句式特征为: 整个强调句型用作名词性从句;
或者在强调句型中含有名词性从句。
22． I’ve already forgotten _________you put the dictionary.
A. that it was there B. where was it that
C. that where it was D. where it was that
[简析]：本题是经过变形的强调句型用作宾语从句的体现，为了更好地理解，我们分三步对其进行讨论。
第一步，复原→It was on the desk that I put the dictionary.
第二步，对划线部分提问→Where was it that you put the dictionary?
第三步，变为陈述语序，将其用作forgotten的宾语从句则变为：
I’ve already forgotten where it was that you put the dictionary.
与原题对比，答案应为D。再看一个强调句型中含有同位语从句的例子：
23．It was at the very beginning ____Mr. Fox made the decision _____ we should send more firefighters there.
A. when; which B. where; what C. then; so D. that; that
[简析]：本题答案为D。 第一个that为强调句型中的that；第二个that引导同位语从句，说明the decision的内容。
九、强调句型和定语从句的结合。
句式特征为: 在强调句型的被强调部分或其他部分中找出一个先行词，附上修饰该部分的定语从句，这样整个句子结构就变得非常复杂。应特别注意不要混淆定语从句的关系词和强调句型中的that/who部分。24． It was in the small house _____was built with stones by his father ____he spent his childhood.
A. which; that B. that; where C. which; which D. that; which
[简析]：本题含义为“是在这间小房子里他度过了童年”，the small house作先行词，其后的定语从句缺做主语的关系代词；第二空所缺的应是强调句型中的结构词that, 故答案选A。再如：
25． It was playing computer games that cost the boy plenty of time that he ought to have spent doing his lessons.
[简析]：划线部分作定语从句修饰先行词time。本题中有两个that，最大的误会就是把二者弄混，第一个that是强调句型中的；第二个that是关系代词引导定语从句的。因其作spent的宾语，可以省去。26．Is _____three hours ______the boy _______family is poor to come to school on foot?
A. it; that; whose B. it; that it takes; whose
C. it for; that it takes; whose D. it; when; that;
[简析]：本题结构复杂，是定语从句、强调句型的一般问句形式和句式It takes sb some time to do sth.的糅合。我们也分几步来看这个句子：
第一步：基本句式It takes the boy three hours to come to school on foot.
第二步：以the boy为先行词，后面附上定语从句，则变为：
It takes the boy whose family is poor three hours to come to school on foot.
第三步：用强调句型对上句中的划线部分进行强调，则变为：
It is three hours that it takes the boy whose family is poor to come to school on foot.
第四步：将上句变为一般疑问句即是该题，经对比可知答案应为B。 十、强调句型和（not）……until句型的结合。
句式特征为:
It is/ was until +被强调部分+that +延续动词
It is/ was not until+被强调部分+that+短暂动词
如：用强调句型对I didn’t leave until it got dark.中的划线部分进行强调，则变成：
27． It was not until he came back that I knew the result.
[简析]：注意此种情况下否定词not要从原题的主句上转移到被强调的从句上，这也是否定转移的一种形式。
28． It was until last year that he ________________________.
A. left school for a new start
B. came to realize the importance of learning English
C. worked as an English teacher at a middle school
D. set out to build a new house of his own
[简析]：本题不含否定词not，四个选项中只有C项中的动词work为延续性动词，答案C。十一、强调句型的省略形式。
句式特征为: 在一定的上下文中，强调句型的某个部分可以省略。作题时要特别注意将其复原并加以比较。
29．——Who is making so much noise in the garden?
——_________ the children.
A. It is B. They are C. That is D. There are
[简析]：强调句型在具体的语境中省略，其完整形式应是：It is the children who are making so much noise in the garden.。答案为A。
30．——He was nearly drowned once.
——When was _______?
——____ was in 1998 when he was in middle school.
(NMET 2002北京春季，30)
A. that; It B. this; This C. this; It D. that; This
[简析]：在第三句话中when he was in middle school.为定语从句，修饰1998，
其后省去了that he was nearly drowned once. 此题如把关系副词when 也挖空，则很容易误选that。十二、强调句型的形近句型。
(1) It be +被强调部分+that+… 是强调句型。去掉it，be，that后，剩余部分仍能组成一个完整的句子。如：
31．It is probably due to these skills that they have been offered a wide variety of positions. 本句去掉it，be，that后可转化成：Probably due to these skills they have been offered a wide variety of positions.
(2) It+ be+ adj. / n. / 过去分词+that从句句型。该句型中的It是形式主语，that引导的从句是真正的主语从句。如：
32． It is important that he (should) learn English well.
33． It is a fact that he can speak both English and Japanese.
34． It is suggested that he leave his office right now.(3) “It be +时间段+since……”句型。如果since和延续性动词连用，则意为“某人不做某事已有多久了”；如和短暂动词连用，则为“某人做某事已有多久了”。如：
35． It is two months since he fell ill. 他病了两个月了。
36． It is two months since he was ill. 他病好已经两个月了。
（4）It be+时间段+before……句型 表示“……多久后某事发生”。
37． It was a long time before they met again. 很长时间后他们才见面。
38． It was not long before he came back. 时间过不久他们就回来了。
（5）“It be…when……”句型 表示“某事发生时正是……时候”
39． It was 1949 when the PRC was founded. 试比较强调句型句：
40． It was in 1949 that the PRC was founded. (去掉it，was，that后仍是一个完整的句子)It的用法与强调句Try to find the best answer to
the followings:
I like_____ in the autumn when the
Weather is clear and bright.( 2004全国
卷 I ）( )
A. this B. that C. it D. one--Do you like ____ here?
-- Oh, yes. The air, the weather, the
way of life.Everything is so nice.
( 2004全国卷 II ) ( )
A. this B. these C. that D. itCD 在高考单项填空的选项中，it 是出
现频率较高的词汇之一。下面针对 it 的用法进行分类解析：一、代词it
1.用作人称代词代替上文提到过的人或事物，
（有时不特指某件事物，而代表前面已提
到的或者将会发生的某件事情，或者是谈
话双方都明白的情况，如前面第2题） Tom’s ill. Have you heard about it?
It happened during the Long March.
I can’t stand it any longer!
If it’s convenient I can see you tomorrow.2. 用作指示代词，（起着this 或that 的作用）
指一个人或一件事情。-- what is this?
-- It’s a telephone.
-- who’s on the telephone?
-- It’s Lily.3. 指时间、距离、价值、天气和自然现象等。It is cold today , isn’t it?
It is about an hour’s ride to the park.二、引导词it
It 常作形式主语，把真正的主语置于句后，
真正的主语通常为不定式、动名词、主语
从句。
It is easy to buy a new radio.
It is no use telling him that.
It is strange that nobody knows her.
提示：it 作形式主语，that从句作真正主
语，常见的句型有：It be + 形容词（obvious, natural, surpri-
sing, good, wonderful, funny, possible,
likely, certain, probable, etc.) + that 从句b. It be + 名词词组（ no wonder, an honor,
a good thing, a pity, no surprise, etc. )
+ that 从句c. It be + 过去分词（ said, reported, thought,
expected, decided, announced, arranged,
etc.) + that 从句The foreign Minister said, “____ our hope
That the two sides will work towards peace.”
( 2004，北京卷 ）（ ）
This is B. There is
C. That is D. It isHave a try !D注意 it 对关系代词的干扰____ is known to everybody, the moon travels
Round the earth once every month.
(NMET 2001) ( )
A. It B. As C. That D. What试比较：
It is known to everybody that the moon…Carol said the work would be done by Octo-
ber, ____ personally I doubt very much.
(NMET, 1999 ) ( )
A.it B. that C.when D. whichBD2. It 作形式宾语，真正宾语放在宾语补足语
后面，真正宾语通常为不定式，动名词，
宾语从句。He felt it his duty to help others.
They thought it no good doing that.
I hate _____ when people talk with their
mouths full. ( NMET 1998 ) ( )
A. It B. that C. these D.themAIt 对代词 的干扰：We needed a new cupboard for the kitchen.
So Peter made ____ from some wood.( 2004,
全国卷 III ） （ ）
A. it B. one C. himself D. another
BMeeting my uncle after all these years was an
unforgettable moment, _____ I will always
treasure. (NMET 2002) ( )
A. that B. one C. it D. whatB对比下句中it 的用法：Meeting my uncle after all these years was an
unforgettable moment, and I will always trea-
Sure it (=the unforgettable moment ).----why don’t we take a little break?
----didn’t we just have _____? ( )
(NMET 2002)
A. it B. what C. that D. one
D三、it 用在强调结构中。
1.可以用来强调句中的主语、宾语、状语（从句），
结构为：
It is (was) + 被强调部分[sb.] +who (that)
It is (was) + 被强调部分[sth.] +that
(例句参看练习试卷）It was our teacher ____ did the experi-
ment in the lab last night. ( )
A. whom B. that C. which D. whereBIt was because of bad weather ____ the foot-
ball match had to be put off. ( )
A. so B. so that C. why D. thatDIt was ten years ____ Miss Gao left here. ( )
A. That B. when C. since D. as C对强调句型的识别：可用下面方法识别强调句型： 把强调句的
标志词 it is / was … that 拿掉，若能还原出
句法结构完整的句子来，则为强调句，否则
不是强调句。It was eight o’clock ____ I left home.( )
It was at eight o’clock ____ I left home.( )
A. that B. since C. when D. while
CA2.对“ not…until…”的特殊强调句型：
It is /was not until +时间状语（从句）+thatHe didn’t get home until midnight.
It was not until midnight that he got home. It was _____ back home
after the experiment. ( )
A.not until midnight did
he go
B.until midnight that he
didn’t go
C.not until midnight that he went
D.until midnight when he didn’t go
C3.强调句的疑问结构：（1）一般疑问句：
Is/was it+被强调部分+that(who)+剩余部分如原句为：Does he read this book every day?Is it this book that he reads every day?（2）特殊疑问句： （只能对疑问词强调）
疑问词+is/was+被强调部分+ that(who)+剩余
部分：
Who came to see you this morning?Who was it that came to see you this mor-
ning?4. 含有定语从句的强调句：
It was in the lab that was set up by Mr. Smith
that they finished the experiment. It was in Beihai Park ____ they made a
date for the first time _____the old cou-
ple told us their love story. ( )
where; that B. that; that
C. where; when D.that; whenA5. 强调宾语从句中的疑问词时：
主语+谓语+疑问词+it is/was+that+宾语从句
I don’t know where he comes from.I don’t know where it is that he comes
From.6.需要注意的地方：
（1）如果原句中的谓语动词为现在或将来时
的各种时态，就用“ it is…”,如果原句中的谓
语动词为过去时的各种时态，则用“it was…”
（2）不论被强调的主语是单数还是复数，一
律用“it is/was +who(that).把下列句子改写成强调句：They went to the zoo yesterday.It was yesterday that they went
to the zoo.2. We held a class meeting in our classroom
the day before yesterday.
It was a class meeting that we held in our
classroom the day before yesterday.
3. Who will be waiting for me at the gate?Who is it that will be waiting for me at the
gate?4. Li Ming and I cleaned the office.It was Li Ming and I that cleaned the office.
高考题回放1.It is the ability to do the job __matters,
not where you come from or what you are.
A. one B. that C. what D. it2.It was only when I reread his poems
recently_ I began to appreciate their
beauty.
A.until B. that C. then D. so3.It was about 600 years ago __ the first
clock with a face and an hour hand
was made.
A. that B.until C.before D.when4.It was because of bad weather___the
football match had to be put off.(2003)
A.so B.so that C.why D.that课堂练 习
1.___in 1943___the harmful smog made its appearance in Los Angeles.
A.Only/that B.It was/then
C.That it was/when D.It was/that
2.It was on the National Day___she met with her separated sister.
A.that B.when C.where D.which√√3.Was it during the Second War __he died?
A. that B.while C. in which D. then
4.Who __ helped you work out the math
problem?
was he B.it was who
C. Was it that D. it was
5.It is near the place ___there is a bomb____ we found the dead man.
A.where/where B. where/that
C.that/where D.that/that
6. It was Mike and Peter who____the reading room
this time yesterday. A.are cleaning
B.were cleaning C.cleaned D.cleans√√练 习
7.It is the room____ we will have the meeting.
A.that B.which C.where D.there
8.It___ the Chinese people that
___hardworking.
A.was/was B.is/are C.is/is D.are/are√√9.It was not until she had arrived home ___
her appointment with the doctor.
A.did she remember
B.that she remembered
C.when she remembered
D.had she remembered
10.Where was it ___ the road accident
happened yesterday?
when B. that
C. Which D. how
11.It was for this reason ___ her uncle
moved out of London and settled down
in a small village.
which B. why
C. that D. how
12.Was it at the school ___ was named HERO
___ he spent his childhood.
that;that B. which; that
C. where;that D. that ; whichGood-bye!Thank you !
或宾格形式 BIt _____ Mike and Mary who helped the old man several days ago . A. was B. are C. were D. had been AIt _____ at Christmas that John Smith gave Mary a handbag. A. must have B. will be
C. might have been
D. may have had C注意谓语动词形式与整个句子语境的一致性 二、强调部分为疑问词时： _____ electricity plays an important part in our daily life ? A. Why was it that
B. Why is it that
C. Why is it
D. Why it is that BWho was it _____ wanted to see me just now ? A. that B. who C. when D. when A_____ you met the foreigner from Canada ? A. Where it was that B. Who it was that C. Where was it that D. Where was that C
强调部分为疑问代词或疑问副词时，该强调句句型结构
与特殊疑问句句型相 同，即：“疑问词 + 一般疑问句” 三、强调部分为 " not ... until " 句型： It was not until late in the evening _____ her husband arrived home .
A. which B. when C. that D. how CIt was not until 1920 _____ regular radio broadcasts began. A. which B. when C. that D. since C It was not _____ she took off her dark
glasses _____I realized she was a famous film star. A. when ; that B. until ; that
C. until ; when D. when ; then B注意 " not ... until " 句型的变化。比较下列三个句子： She didn't remember her appointment with the doctor until she had arrived home. It was not until she had arrived home that she
remembered her appointment with the doctor. Not until she had arrived home did she remember her appointment with the doctor. 四、强调部分为介词短语： It was through Jack _____ Mary got to know Bob . A. who B. whom C. how D. that DIt was on October 1st 1949 _____ new China was founded . A. which B. when C. as D. that DWas it in this palace _____ the last emperor died ? A. that B. in which
C. in where D. which AIt was the school gate ______ I met an old friend of mine after class . A. that B. which C. where D. why C强调部分为介词短语时，表示时间或地点时，应注意与定语从句的区别 It was ______he said________disappointed me.
what…that B. that…that
C. What…what D. that…what
It_____Mary and Mike who helped the old man yesterday.
was B. were
C. are D. had been
AAIt was for this reason ______ her uncle moved out of New York and settled down in a small village．
A．which B．why C．that D．how
CIt is because he is too young _____he does not understand it.
as B. so
C. that D. what
C_____ in this room that our first meeting was held.
Just when B. When
C. Where D .It was
DIt was on the National Day______ she met with her separated sister.
A. that B. where
C. when D. which
AIt was not until 1936_____baseball became a regular part of Olympic Games.
A. then B. which
C that D. when
C_______ computers play such an important part in our daily life?
A．Why it is that B．Why is it that
C．Why was it that D．Why is it
BIt was not ____she took off her glasses_____I realized she was a famous film star.
A .when , that B .until , that
C .until , then D. when , then
BWas it during the Second World War_____ he died?
that B .while
C. in which D .then
A_____ he came back home that we knew what had happened . A. When it was B. It was when
C. Was it when D. When was it BIt was the training ____ he had as a young man _____made him such a good engineer. A. what ; that B. that ; what
C. that ; which D. which : that DDo you have my dictionary, Mr. Yang?
Yes , I have_____ right here. A. one B. this C. it D. that
CWhy don’t we take a little break? Didn’t we just have______. A. it B. that C. one D. this
?
CI hope there are enough glasses for each guests to have___________. A. it B. those C. them D. one
D_______used to be thought that the was flat.
A. He B. What C. It D. That
CI found_____possible for_______to work out the maths problem. A. it; he B. that; he C. that; him D. it; him
DDoes_____matter if he can’t finish the job on time? A. this B. that C. he D. it
D“Who is knocking at the door?”
“___________.”
A. I’m Mary. B. She is me, Mary
C. He’s me D. It’s me, Mary
DShe thought_____a great honour to be invited to
speak to us.
A. that B. this C. it D. it is
C______is a fact that English is being accepted as
an international language.
A. There B. This C. That D. It
CI hate______when people talk with their mouths full.
A. it B. that C. these D. them
AIs_________necessary to complete the design
before National Day?
A. this B. that C. it D. he
C It took us over an hour along the street. A. walk B. to walk C. walking D. walked B Many people now make a rule to buy cards for
their friends before Christmas. A. themselves B. it C. that D. this B is very clear to everyone that he's round and
tall like a tree. A. This B. What C. That D. It DSomeone is at the door, who is ? A. this B. that C. it D. he C—Has the boy got his bicycle now? —Yes, the police gave . A. him to him B. it to it C. it to him D. him to it C强调划线部分 1.Mary gave me the new book. It was Mary who (that) gave me the new book. 2.We went to the Great Wall the day
before yesterday. It was the day before yesterday that we went to the Great Wall. 3.I want you to help me with my English. It is my English that I want you to help me with. 4.The days begin to get longer in February. It is in February that the days begin to get longer. 5.We held a League meeting in the classroom. It was a League meeting that we held in the classroom.改为强调结构
1.The meeting will not begin until
everyone is seated. It is not until everyone is seated that the meeting will begin. Why is it that he came late for the meeting? 2.Why did he come late for the meeting? 3.How did you find his house? How was it that you found his house? 4.Where did the 44th World Table Tennis Championships take place? Where was it that the 44th World Table Tennis Championships took place? It is + 被强调部分 + that ... 该句型是强调句型。将被强调的部分放在前面，其它
部分置于that之后，被强调部分可以是主语，宾语，表语
或状语，强调的主语如果是人，that可以由who换用。如
果把这种句型结构划掉后，应该是一个完整无缺的句子；
这也是判断强调句型与其它从句的方法。 It was they that (who) cleaned the classroom yesterday. It was in the street that I met her father. It is not until + 被强调部分 + that ... 该句型也是强调句型。主要用于强凋时间状语，译成汉语
“直到…才…＂，可以说是 not ... until ... 的强调形式。 It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she
was a famous film star. = Not until she took off her dark glasses did I realize she was = I didn’t realize she was a famous film star until she took off It is clear (obvious, true, possible, certain....) that ..... 该句型中it 是形式主语，真正的主语是that 引导的主语从句，
常译为”清楚(显然, 真的, 肯定…)”是主语从句最常见的一种
结构。 It is very clear that he’s round and tall like a tree. = That he’s round and tall like a tree is very clear. 强调句型考点面面观句型结构：
It is / was + 被强调部分+ that / who +句子剩余部分…
本文我们着重探讨该句型的创新变化形式。随着高考考点的不断深入变化，该句型总是以新的面孔出现，或本身发生变化，或与其他句式结构相结合，然而万变不离其宗，总是脱不掉it，be，that/who这一框架结构。笔者结合近几年有关高考题的特点，将其变化形式归纳如下：强调句型的一般疑问句形式。
一. 句式特征：Is/ Was it +被强调部分+ that…；
1．（1994 上海）Was it in 1969 ____ the American astronauts succeeded ___ landing on the moon ?
A. when; on B. that; on C. when; in D. that; in
简析]：比较It was in 1969 that the American astronauts succeeded in landing on the moon 我们不难看出该题干实质上是该陈述句的一般疑问句形式。答案选D。
2．Could it be in the restaurant in ____ you had dinner with me yesterday ____ you lost your handbag? A. that; which??? B. which; that??? C. where; that??? D. that; where
这是一个含有情态动词的强调句型的一般疑问句形式，第一空格所在的句子成分应为定语从句，结合介词in应用关系代词which；第二个空格所在部分应为强调句型中的that分句。故答案为B。二、 结合特殊疑问词构成特殊疑问句形式。
句式特征：特殊疑问词+is/was it that…？
3．_______ is it _______has made Peter _______he is today?
A. What; that; that B. That; that; what
C. What; what; that D. What; that; what
[简析]：本题结构复杂，乍看难以理清，请看下面两句：
It is determination that has made Peter what he is today.
对划线部分提问→What is it that has made Peter what he is today?
对照原题，则答案为D。
依此为据扩展开来可为：
4．How is it that she turned down our help? 什么原因使得…？
5．Where was it that you met Tom yesterday? 究竟在哪…？
6．When was it that you met him in the park? 究竟何时…？
7．When and where was it that you got to know Mary? 究竟在何时何地…？
8．Who was it that that came up with the bright idea? 究竟是谁…？
9．Which book is it that you want to buy? 究竟是哪一本书…？
10．Whose umbrella was it that you took away? 到底是谁的伞…？三、 强调句型的反意疑问句形式
句式特征为：It is/was+被强调部分+that…，isn’t / wasn’t it？
11．It was Alice and her boyfriend who sent the old man to the hospital, ______?
A. do they B. didn’t they C. wasn’t it D. was it
[简析]：答案C. 此种情况下疑问句中的主语应与强调句型中的主语it保持一致，不能和被强调部分中的名词或代词保持一致，并要遵守“前肯定后否定”的原则。四、强调句型的感叹句形式。
句式特征为：what/ how … it is (that) +主语+谓语！
12．What a beautiful picture it is (that) you have drawn!
13．How beautiful it is (that) your daughter is!
五、强调句型的“让步含义”。
句式特征为：含有“让步含义”的强调句型在翻译成汉语时要注意“反译”。
14．It is a wise father that knows his own child.
再英明的父亲也不会理解他自己的子女。（莎士比亚名言）
15．It is a wise man that never makes mistakes.
再聪明的人也会犯错误。六、在强调句型中考察主谓一致与比较结构。
在强调句型中，有时也考察用rather than，not …but…等连接的平行对比结构，此时既要注重比较结构，又要注意主谓一致，属于较复杂的句式。
句式特征为：
It is/was not…but…that… ;
不是…而是…（that后的动词与but后的名词或代词保持一致）
It is /was … not … that… ;
或者：It is/was…that… not …;
是…而不是…（that后的动词应与not前的名词或代词保持一致）
It is/was … rather than… that… ;
是…而不是… ( that后的动词应与rather than前的名词或代词保持一致)16．It is not help but obstacles that make a man.
[简析]：本句译为“使人成才的，不是助力，而是阻力”。注意obstacles和make形成主谓一致关系。
17．Personally I think it is the sales manager, rather than the sales girls, ______ to blame.
A. is B. that is C. are D. who are
[简析]：此句被强调部分中的the sales manager，通过rather than与the sales girls形成比较结构，再考虑到主谓一致的原则，应选B。
18．(NMET 2000, 24) It is the ability to do the job _____ matters not where you
come from or what you are.
A. one B. that C. what D. it
[简析]：本题答案选B。在本题中被强调部分the ability to do the job 与 not where you come from or what you are形成比较结构，the ability to do the job与matters形成主谓一致关系。当然本题还可说成：It is the ability to do the job not where you come from or what you are that matters. 但这样就显得句子重心不稳，结构不合理。19．It is the prevention of disease rather than its successful treatment that has led to the rapid increase of the world’s population.
[简析]：本句中被强调部分为对比结构，含义为“导致世界人口快速增长的原因是对疾病的预防而非对疾病的成功治疗。”当然has led to的主语应是the prevention of disease。
七、强调句型中的be动词和情态动词的结合。
句式特征: It may be+ 被强调部分+ that …
It must have been+被强调部分+ that …
Would/ Could it be +被强调部分+that…?
20．It might have been John ______bought a new book for Mary yesterday.
A. what B. since C. that D. then
该题答案为C，许多考生误选其他的原因在于be的复杂化而看不出本句为强调句型。再如：
21．It may be next week that she leaves for Tokyo.八、强调句型和名词性从句的结合。
句式特征为: 整个强调句型用作名词性从句;
或者在强调句型中含有名词性从句。
22． I’ve already forgotten _________you put the dictionary.
A. that it was there B. where was it that
C. that where it was D. where it was that
[简析]：本题是经过变形的强调句型用作宾语从句的体现，为了更好地理解，我们分三步对其进行讨论。
第一步，复原→It was on the desk that I put the dictionary.
第二步，对划线部分提问→Where was it that you put the dictionary?
第三步，变为陈述语序，将其用作forgotten的宾语从句则变为：
I’ve already forgotten where it was that you put the dictionary.
与原题对比，答案应为D。再看一个强调句型中含有同位语从句的例子：
23．It was at the very beginning ____Mr. Fox made the decision _____ we should send more firefighters there.
A. when; which B. where; what C. then; so D. that; that
[简析]：本题答案为D。 第一个that为强调句型中的that；第二个that引导同位语从句，说明the decision的内容。
九、强调句型和定语从句的结合。
句式特征为: 在强调句型的被强调部分或其他部分中找出一个先行词，附上修饰该部分的定语从句，这样整个句子结构就变得非常复杂。应特别注意不要混淆定语从句的关系词和强调句型中的that/who部分。24． It was in the small house _____was built with stones by his father ____he spent his childhood.
A. which; that B. that; where C. which; which D. that; which
[简析]：本题含义为“是在这间小房子里他度过了童年”，the small house作先行词，其后的定语从句缺做主语的关系代词；第二空所缺的应是强调句型中的结构词that, 故答案选A。再如：
25． It was playing computer games that cost the boy plenty of time that he ought to have spent doing his lessons.
[简析]：划线部分作定语从句修饰先行词time。本题中有两个that，最大的误会就是把二者弄混，第一个that是强调句型中的；第二个that是关系代词引导定语从句的。因其作spent的宾语，可以省去。26．Is _____three hours ______the boy _______family is poor to come to school on foot?
A. it; that; whose B. it; that it takes; whose
C. it for; that it takes; whose D. it; when; that;
[简析]：本题结构复杂，是定语从句、强调句型的一般问句形式和句式It takes sb some time to do sth.的糅合。我们也分几步来看这个句子：
第一步：基本句式It takes the boy three hours to come to school on foot.
第二步：以the boy为先行词，后面附上定语从句，则变为：
It takes the boy whose family is poor three hours to come to school on foot.
第三步：用强调句型对上句中的划线部分进行强调，则变为：
It is three hours that it takes the boy whose family is poor to come to school on foot.
第四步：将上句变为一般疑问句即是该题，经对比可知答案应为B。 十、强调句型和（not）……until句型的结合。
句式特征为:
It is/ was until +被强调部分+that +延续动词
It is/ was not until+被强调部分+that+短暂动词
如：用强调句型对I didn’t leave until it got dark.中的划线部分进行强调，则变成：
27． It was not until he came back that I knew the result.
[简析]：注意此种情况下否定词not要从原题的主句上转移到被强调的从句上，这也是否定转移的一种形式。
28． It was until last year that he ________________________.
A. left school for a new start
B. came to realize the importance of learning English
C. worked as an English teacher at a middle school
D. set out to build a new house of his own
[简析]：本题不含否定词not，四个选项中只有C项中的动词work为延续性动词，答案C。十一、强调句型的省略形式。
句式特征为: 在一定的上下文中，强调句型的某个部分可以省略。作题时要特别注意将其复原并加以比较。
29．——Who is making so much noise in the garden?
——_________ the children.
A. It is B. They are C. That is D. There are
[简析]：强调句型在具体的语境中省略，其完整形式应是：It is the children who are making so much noise in the garden.。答案为A。
30．——He was nearly drowned once.
——When was _______?
——____ was in 1998 when he was in middle school.
(NMET 2002北京春季，30)
A. that; It B. this; This C. this; It D. that; This
[简析]：在第三句话中when he was in middle school.为定语从句，修饰1998，
其后省去了that he was nearly drowned once. 此题如把关系副词when 也挖空，则很容易误选that。十二、强调句型的形近句型。
(1) It be +被强调部分+that+… 是强调句型。去掉it，be，that后，剩余部分仍能组成一个完整的句子。如：
31．It is probably due to these skills that they have been offered a wide variety of positions. 本句去掉it，be，that后可转化成：Probably due to these skills they have been offered a wide variety of positions.
(2) It+ be+ adj. / n. / 过去分词+that从句句型。该句型中的It是形式主语，that引导的从句是真正的主语从句。如：
32． It is important that he (should) learn English well.
33． It is a fact that he can speak both English and Japanese.
34． It is suggested that he leave his office right now.(3) “It be +时间段+since……”句型。如果since和延续性动词连用，则意为“某人不做某事已有多久了”；如和短暂动词连用，则为“某人做某事已有多久了”。如：
35． It is two months since he fell ill. 他病了两个月了。
36． It is two months since he was ill. 他病好已经两个月了。
（4）It be+时间段+before……句型 表示“……多久后某事发生”。
37． It was a long time before they met again. 很长时间后他们才见面。
38． It was not long before he came back. 时间过不久他们就回来了。
（5）“It be…when……”句型 表示“某事发生时正是……时候”
39． It was 1949 when the PRC was founded. 试比较强调句型句：
40． It was in 1949 that the PRC was founded. (去掉it，was，that后仍是一个完整的句子)It的用法与强调句Try to find the best answer to
the followings:
I like_____ in the autumn when the
Weather is clear and bright.( 2004全国
卷 I ）( )
A. this B. that C. it D. one--Do you like ____ here?
-- Oh, yes. The air, the weather, the
way of life.Everything is so nice.
( 2004全国卷 II ) ( )
A. this B. these C. that D. itCD 在高考单项填空的选项中，it 是出
现频率较高的词汇之一。下面针对 it 的用法进行分类解析：一、代词it
1.用作人称代词代替上文提到过的人或事物，
（有时不特指某件事物，而代表前面已提
到的或者将会发生的某件事情，或者是谈
话双方都明白的情况，如前面第2题） Tom’s ill. Have you heard about it?
It happened during the Long March.
I can’t stand it any longer!
If it’s convenient I can see you tomorrow.2. 用作指示代词，（起着this 或that 的作用）
指一个人或一件事情。-- what is this?
-- It’s a telephone.
-- who’s on the telephone?
-- It’s Lily.3. 指时间、距离、价值、天气和自然现象等。It is cold today , isn’t it?
It is about an hour’s ride to the park.二、引导词it
It 常作形式主语，把真正的主语置于句后，
真正的主语通常为不定式、动名词、主语
从句。
It is easy to buy a new radio.
It is no use telling him that.
It is strange that nobody knows her.
提示：it 作形式主语，that从句作真正主
语，常见的句型有：It be + 形容词（obvious, natural, surpri-
sing, good, wonderful, funny, possible,
likely, certain, probable, etc.) + that 从句b. It be + 名词词组（ no wonder, an honor,
a good thing, a pity, no surprise, etc. )
+ that 从句c. It be + 过去分词（ said, reported, thought,
expected, decided, announced, arranged,
etc.) + that 从句The foreign Minister said, “____ our hope
That the two sides will work towards peace.”
( 2004，北京卷 ）（ ）
This is B. There is
C. That is D. It isHave a try !D注意 it 对关系代词的干扰____ is known to everybody, the moon travels
Round the earth once every month.
(NMET 2001) ( )
A. It B. As C. That D. What试比较：
It is known to everybody that the moon…Carol said the work would be done by Octo-
ber, ____ personally I doubt very much.
(NMET, 1999 ) ( )
A.it B. that C.when D. whichBD2. It 作形式宾语，真正宾语放在宾语补足语
后面，真正宾语通常为不定式，动名词，
宾语从句。He felt it his duty to help others.
They thought it no good doing that.
I hate _____ when people talk with their
mouths full. ( NMET 1998 ) ( )
A. It B. that C. these D.themAIt 对代词 的干扰：We needed a new cupboard for the kitchen.
So Peter made ____ from some wood.( 2004,
全国卷 III ） （ ）
A. it B. one C. himself D. another
BMeeting my uncle after all these years was an
unforgettable moment, _____ I will always
treasure. (NMET 2002) ( )
A. that B. one C. it D. whatB对比下句中it 的用法：Meeting my uncle after all these years was an
unforgettable moment, and I will always trea-
Sure it (=the unforgettable moment ).----why don’t we take a little break?
----didn’t we just have _____? ( )
(NMET 2002)
A. it B. what C. that D. one
D三、it 用在强调结构中。
1.可以用来强调句中的主语、宾语、状语（从句），
结构为：
It is (was) + 被强调部分[sb.] +who (that)
It is (was) + 被强调部分[sth.] +that
(例句参看练习试卷）It was our teacher ____ did the experi-
ment in the lab last night. ( )
A. whom B. that C. which D. whereBIt was because of bad weather ____ the foot-
ball match had to be put off. ( )
A. so B. so that C. why D. thatDIt was ten years ____ Miss Gao left here. ( )
A. That B. when C. since D. as C对强调句型的识别：可用下面方法识别强调句型： 把强调句的
标志词 it is / was … that 拿掉，若能还原出
句法结构完整的句子来，则为强调句，否则
不是强调句。It was eight o’clock ____ I left home.( )
It was at eight o’clock ____ I left home.( )
A. that B. since C. when D. while
CA2.对“ not…until…”的特殊强调句型：
It is /was not until +时间状语（从句）+thatHe didn’t get home until midnight.
It was not until midnight that he got home. It was _____ back home
after the experiment. ( )
A.not until midnight did
he go
B.until midnight that he
didn’t go
C.not until midnight that he went
D.until midnight when he didn’t go
C3.强调句的疑问结构：（1）一般疑问句：
Is/was it+被强调部分+that(who)+剩余部分如原句为：Does he read this book every day?Is it this book that he reads every day?（2）特殊疑问句： （只能对疑问词强调）
疑问词+is/was+被强调部分+ that(who)+剩余
部分：
Who came to see you this morning?Who was it that came to see you this mor-
ning?4. 含有定语从句的强调句：
It was in the lab that was set up by Mr. Smith
that they finished the experiment. It was in Beihai Park ____ they made a
date for the first time _____the old cou-
ple told us their love story. ( )
where; that B. that; that
C. where; when D.that; whenA5. 强调宾语从句中的疑问词时：
主语+谓语+疑问词+it is/was+that+宾语从句
I don’t know where he comes from.I don’t know where it is that he comes
From.6.需要注意的地方：
（1）如果原句中的谓语动词为现在或将来时
的各种时态，就用“ it is…”,如果原句中的谓
语动词为过去时的各种时态，则用“it was…”
（2）不论被强调的主语是单数还是复数，一
律用“it is/was +who(that).把下列句子改写成强调句：They went to the zoo yesterday.It was yesterday that they went
to the zoo.2. We held a class meeting in our classroom
the day before yesterday.
It was a class meeting that we held in our
classroom the day before yesterday.
3. Who will be waiting for me at the gate?Who is it that will be waiting for me at the
gate?4. Li Ming and I cleaned the office.It was Li Ming and I that cleaned the office.
高考题回放1.It is the ability to do the job __matters,
not where you come from or what you are.
A. one B. that C. what D. it2.It was only when I reread his poems
recently_ I began to appreciate their
beauty.
A.until B. that C. then D. so3.It was about 600 years ago __ the first
clock with a face and an hour hand
was made.
A. that B.until C.before D.when4.It was because of bad weather___the
football match had to be put off.(2003)
A.so B.so that C.why D.that课堂练 习
1.___in 1943___the harmful smog made its appearance in Los Angeles.
A.Only/that B.It was/then
C.That it was/when D.It was/that
2.It was on the National Day___she met with her separated sister.
A.that B.when C.where D.which√√3.Was it during the Second War __he died?
A. that B.while C. in which D. then
4.Who __ helped you work out the math
problem?
was he B.it was who
C. Was it that D. it was
5.It is near the place ___there is a bomb____ we found the dead man.
A.where/where B. where/that
C.that/where D.that/that
6. It was Mike and Peter who____the reading room
this time yesterday. A.are cleaning
B.were cleaning C.cleaned D.cleans√√练 习
7.It is the room____ we will have the meeting.
A.that B.which C.where D.there
8.It___ the Chinese people that
___hardworking.
A.was/was B.is/are C.is/is D.are/are√√9.It was not until she had arrived home ___
her appointment with the doctor.
A.did she remember
B.that she remembered
C.when she remembered
D.had she remembered
10.Where was it ___ the road accident
happened yesterday?
when B. that
C. Which D. how
11.It was for this reason ___ her uncle
moved out of London and settled down
in a small village.
which B. why
C. that D. how
12.Was it at the school ___ was named HERO
___ he spent his childhood.
that;that B. which; that
C. where;that D. that ; whichGood-bye!Thank you !