句型[下学期]
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课件15张PPT。五大句型一.S(主语）+Vi（不及物动词）Flowers bloom.(花开）Many beautiful flowers bloom in the garden.S Vi.修饰语SVi修饰语It rained.It rained heavily last nightSViSVi修饰语修饰语Birds can fly
S. Viquickly.
Adv.副词in the sky.
Adv.副词短语whenever they like.
状语从句修饰语句型一常与修饰语连用， 有下列的变化句式
S+ Vi. +Adv.
(副词不是句子的主要结构， 可增可减）
She went upstairs.
Time flies like an arrow.光阴似箭。B. There +Vi+S
There is a lamp on the desk.C. S+Vi+介词+O.
不及物动词没有被动式但加了介词后，也有被动式： Everybody laughed at me.
I was laughed at by everybody.D. S.+Vi+to+V.
He stopped to take a rest.
We agreed to join them.
Pattern II句型二.
S+ V-link + Predicative表语
a.He is a doctor.
b.Sugar tastes good.
c.The leaves turned red.V-link系动词: seem,appear似乎
feel,look,sound,smell,taste
表感觉或心理,
become,come,go,get,grow
run,turn,fall(变得)
remain,continue,stay,keep(仍保持),Pattern III句型三:
S + Vt. + O宾语
I wrote a letter.
The result disappoints me.
The rich should help the
poor. d.My watch needs repairing.
e. I hope to see my friend.
f.I don’t know what to do.
g.Do you know where he lives?Pattern IV:句型四
S +Vt.+I.O.(间宾)+D.O.(直宾)He bought me a book.
Tell me what he said.
c.The sun gives us much light and heat.=The sun gives much heat to us.
d.I will buy you a bicycle.
=I will buy a bicycle for you.
e. He asked me a question.=
He asked a question of me.
注①：这种结构中的谓语动词一般只限于某些双宾语及物动词，它们可以分为两类： 第一类：give, show, send, bring, offer, read, pass, lend, leave, tell, hand, return, write, pay, throw, allow, wish, teach, promise, owe, refuse等。
a. He offered me a drink.=
He offered a drink to me.
b.The man delivered her the letter.=
The man delivered the letter to her.
c.She taught them a song.=
She taught a song to them.第二类：make, buy, do, fetch, get, paint, play, save, reserve, spare, order, cook, sing, find等。 ? ? 注②：间接宾语有时可以改成一个由to或for引导的短语，这在意思上没有什么差别： I’ll return you the book tomorrow. → I’ll return the book to you tomorrow. She made a new dress for Mary. → She made Mary a new dress. 注③：第一类可以改为由 to 引导的短语；第二类可以改为由 for引导的短语。 ? ? 注④：间接宾语用介词词组表示的场合：
?a. 对间接宾语加以强调时： ? ?? ?I’ve bought it for you, not for myself. ? ?? ?I’ll hand this letter to the secretary and not to the director.?b. 当直接宾语是一个人称代词时： ? ?? ?I’ll send it to you tomorrow. ? ?? ?You’d better hand it directly to the headmaster. ?c. 当直接宾语比间接宾语短时： ? ?? ?She showed the picture to the students sitting near her. ?d. 当间接宾语置于句首时： ? ?? ?Who did you send it to? ? ?? ?To him I told the story, not to his brother. ?e.??当间接宾语和直接宾语都是代词时： ? ?? ?He gave it to me. ? ?? ?I’ll lend them to you. Pattern V句型五:
S+Vt.+O.+O.C.
We elected him Chairman.
I found a room empty.
He asked me to take off my shoes.
d.I caught them fighting each other.
e.I must have my hair cut.
类似动词see/hear/feel/keep/leave/
find/catch/make/have/get
完全句和不完全句：
完全句： 至少含有主谓结构的句子。
不完全句： 不具备完整“主谓结构的句子。1。-- Where is the vase?
---On the table.
2.---When did you arrive?
---Last night.
3. No smoking.(单部句）
4. Help!
5.No spitting in public places!
6.No parking!不完整句或单部
句并不依靠上下
文，而仅依靠具
体的语境。指出下列诸句中画线部分是什么成分：
On the left of my house is an old church.
Why could the boiling point of water be
lower at the top of a mountain?
3. I am not going to work today.
4. This thing is for peeling potatoes.
5.What time will you arrive?
6.The Genie promised that if anyone should
come and set him free, he would make him
very rich.
7. What nationality are you?S.S.V.Prep.O.Adv.O.C.Predicative8. I couldn’t understand why he had
decided to retire at 50.
9. I am terribly confused by all this information.
10. We had already reached 9000 feet by then.
11. She reminded me to switch off all the lights.
12. I’ll be able to pass my driving test after I have had a few lessons.
13. I love swimming. It keeps me fit.
14. It is obvious that money doesn’t grow on trees.AdverbialV.O.C.O.O.C.S.O.
S. Viquickly.
Adv.副词in the sky.
Adv.副词短语whenever they like.
状语从句修饰语句型一常与修饰语连用， 有下列的变化句式
S+ Vi. +Adv.
(副词不是句子的主要结构， 可增可减）
She went upstairs.
Time flies like an arrow.光阴似箭。B. There +Vi+S
There is a lamp on the desk.C. S+Vi+介词+O.
不及物动词没有被动式但加了介词后，也有被动式： Everybody laughed at me.
I was laughed at by everybody.D. S.+Vi+to+V.
He stopped to take a rest.
We agreed to join them.
Pattern II句型二.
S+ V-link + Predicative表语
a.He is a doctor.
b.Sugar tastes good.
c.The leaves turned red.V-link系动词: seem,appear似乎
feel,look,sound,smell,taste
表感觉或心理,
become,come,go,get,grow
run,turn,fall(变得)
remain,continue,stay,keep(仍保持),Pattern III句型三:
S + Vt. + O宾语
I wrote a letter.
The result disappoints me.
The rich should help the
poor. d.My watch needs repairing.
e. I hope to see my friend.
f.I don’t know what to do.
g.Do you know where he lives?Pattern IV:句型四
S +Vt.+I.O.(间宾)+D.O.(直宾)He bought me a book.
Tell me what he said.
c.The sun gives us much light and heat.=The sun gives much heat to us.
d.I will buy you a bicycle.
=I will buy a bicycle for you.
e. He asked me a question.=
He asked a question of me.
注①：这种结构中的谓语动词一般只限于某些双宾语及物动词，它们可以分为两类： 第一类：give, show, send, bring, offer, read, pass, lend, leave, tell, hand, return, write, pay, throw, allow, wish, teach, promise, owe, refuse等。
a. He offered me a drink.=
He offered a drink to me.
b.The man delivered her the letter.=
The man delivered the letter to her.
c.She taught them a song.=
She taught a song to them.第二类：make, buy, do, fetch, get, paint, play, save, reserve, spare, order, cook, sing, find等。 ? ? 注②：间接宾语有时可以改成一个由to或for引导的短语，这在意思上没有什么差别： I’ll return you the book tomorrow. → I’ll return the book to you tomorrow. She made a new dress for Mary. → She made Mary a new dress. 注③：第一类可以改为由 to 引导的短语；第二类可以改为由 for引导的短语。 ? ? 注④：间接宾语用介词词组表示的场合：
?a. 对间接宾语加以强调时： ? ?? ?I’ve bought it for you, not for myself. ? ?? ?I’ll hand this letter to the secretary and not to the director.?b. 当直接宾语是一个人称代词时： ? ?? ?I’ll send it to you tomorrow. ? ?? ?You’d better hand it directly to the headmaster. ?c. 当直接宾语比间接宾语短时： ? ?? ?She showed the picture to the students sitting near her. ?d. 当间接宾语置于句首时： ? ?? ?Who did you send it to? ? ?? ?To him I told the story, not to his brother. ?e.??当间接宾语和直接宾语都是代词时： ? ?? ?He gave it to me. ? ?? ?I’ll lend them to you. Pattern V句型五:
S+Vt.+O.+O.C.
We elected him Chairman.
I found a room empty.
He asked me to take off my shoes.
d.I caught them fighting each other.
e.I must have my hair cut.
类似动词see/hear/feel/keep/leave/
find/catch/make/have/get
完全句和不完全句：
完全句： 至少含有主谓结构的句子。
不完全句： 不具备完整“主谓结构的句子。1。-- Where is the vase?
---On the table.
2.---When did you arrive?
---Last night.
3. No smoking.(单部句）
4. Help!
5.No spitting in public places!
6.No parking!不完整句或单部
句并不依靠上下
文，而仅依靠具
体的语境。指出下列诸句中画线部分是什么成分：
On the left of my house is an old church.
Why could the boiling point of water be
lower at the top of a mountain?
3. I am not going to work today.
4. This thing is for peeling potatoes.
5.What time will you arrive?
6.The Genie promised that if anyone should
come and set him free, he would make him
very rich.
7. What nationality are you?S.S.V.Prep.O.Adv.O.C.Predicative8. I couldn’t understand why he had
decided to retire at 50.
9. I am terribly confused by all this information.
10. We had already reached 9000 feet by then.
11. She reminded me to switch off all the lights.
12. I’ll be able to pass my driving test after I have had a few lessons.
13. I love swimming. It keeps me fit.
14. It is obvious that money doesn’t grow on trees.AdverbialV.O.C.O.O.C.S.O.