短语动词[下学期]
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文档简介
动词（六）短语动词
训练指要
短语动词即是动词和某些其他词类用在一起构成固定词组，和动词一样，可分为及物和不及物。由于短语动词在运用中变化多端，如动词本身有时态、语态、单复数的变化，一个短语动词有多种含义，几个短语动词同义或近义或反义，故需要仔细辨析，不可混淆。另外，形式上已变成非谓语的短语动词只作非谓语成分，但仍保留原来的某些特征，不可去掉原来带的介词或副词，仍有语态、时态变化。
1．（2002全国高考题）We thought of selling this old furniture，but we’ve decided to ________ it. It might be valuable.
A. hold on to B. keep up with
C. turn to D. look after
2．（2003北京春季高考题）The idea puzzled me so much that I stopped for a few seconds to try to ________.
A. make it out B. make it off
C. make it up D. make it over
3．（2003上海春季高考题）He ________ some French while he was away on a business trip in Paris.
A. made out B. picked up
C. gave up D. took in
4．（2002北京高考题）His mother had thought it would be good for his character to ________ from home and earn some money on his own.
A. run away B. take away
C. keep away D. get away
5．（2002上海高考题）Can you make a sentence to ________ the meaning of the phrase
A. show off B. turn out
C. bring out D. take in
6．After Billy proved that he could ride a bicycle safely，his father had to ________ to him and bought him one.
A. give up B. give in
C. agree on D. make a promise
7．The job is not easy as you imagined, and it ________ much time and patience.
A. calls in B. calls off
C. calls up D. calls for
8．I feel silly in these clothes. Everyone will ________ me.
A. worry about B. make fun of
C. get rid of D. take interest in
9．The plan ________ just because people were unwilling to cooperate（合作）.
A. broke down B. pulled down
C. turned down D. put down
10．What a pity! He ________ the only chance of success.
A. put away B. gave away
C. broke off D. threw away
11．Some of the students have already learned enough English to ________ a conversation with an English speaker.
A. go on B. carry on
C. keep on D. hold on
12．The cinema was full and a lot of people had to be ________.
A. turned in B. turned against
C. turned over D. turned away
13．The government has ________ the parents to work with teachers in the education of their children.
A. asked for B. looked for
C. called for D. paid for
14．—How did you find him out
—I ________ his name by chance on the list.
A. came down B. came about
C. came across D. came up
15．Hospital doctors don’t go out very often as their work ________ all their time.
A. takes away B. takes in
C. takes over D. takes up
16．How I wish I could ________ my ideas in simple and wonderful English when chatting on the net.
A. set off B. set out
C. set over D. set up
17．The advantage human beings have to ________ the sun is well worth discussing.
A. take of B. play with
C. have on D. do with
18．What a pity! I missed to meet my boss at the airport because my car was ________ in the traffic jam.
A. held up B. broken up
C. kept back D. kept up
19．We didn’t plan our art exhibition like that but it ________ very well.
A. worked out B. tried out
C. went with D. carried on
20．—Will somebody go and get Dr White
—He’s already been ________.
A. asked for B. sent for
C. called for D. looked for
21．—Did you enjoy the book
—Yes，it was so interesting that I wouldn’t ________ it.
A. get rid of B. break away from
C. keep away from D. tear myself away from
22．No one can ________ the wheel of history however powerful he may be.
A. put up B. take back
C. hold back D. pick up
23．—Why do you ask me to take that early bus
—Because that bus ________ the 9:00 a. m. train at London.
A. joins in B. joins up
C. connects with D. unites with
24．—Do you think the bad weather will ________
—I hope not.
A. keep on B. keep up
C. go on D. take up
25．It is no good smoking. You should ________ it ________.
A. give up B. give out
C. give away D. give in
26．—What about your English test
—I ________ the written papers but failed the oral test.
A. looked through B. read through
C. pulled through D. got through
27．The fire ________ at ten a. m. ，and an hour later it ________.
A. broke in；was let out B. broke up；went out
C. broke off；died out D. broke out；was put out
28．“Mummy，there is a woman at the door insisting on selling us some cocks. Will you please come and ________ her ” said Sally.
A. play with B. care for
C. deal with D. call on
29．After playing for a while，the children were made to ________ all the toys they had taken out.
A. put off B. put away
C. put down D. put up
30．The weather was fine when the plane ________.
A. took off B. took away
C. took up D. took on
31．After a long way he was very tired and his legs ________.
A. gave up B. gave in
C. gave out D. gave off
32．Would you ________ the radio a bit I can’t hear the music clearly.
A. turn on B. turn off
C. turn up D. turn down
33．Once you have made a plan，you should ________ it.
A. stick to B. insist on
C. keep on D. get used to
34．The mine could be ________ by the lightest touch.
A. set out B. set down
C. set away D. set off
35．The student would ________ his teacher on his way from school.
A. call in B. call at
C. pay visit to D. drop in on
36．My radio is good enough to ________ BBC English and VOA English clearly.
A. look up B. pick up
C. pick out D. turn out
37．She doesn’t feel like going to the party，but she is not sure how she can ________ it.
A. get back from B. get off
C. get out of D. get away
38．—How did it ________ that all the flowers died
—I had forgotten to water them.
A. come about B. come back
C. come down D. come to
39．He is taking pains to reach the goal set by his parents because he wants to ________ their expectation.
A. come up with B. look up to
C. count on D. live up to
40．Under good treatment，Linda is beginning to ________ and will soon recover.
A. pick up B. wake up
C. grow up D. show up
41．When he realized the police had seen him，the thief ________ the exit as quickly as possible.
A. made off B. made for
C. made out D. made up
42．The boss ________ $40 from my salary without any good reason，which made me very angry.
A. brought down B. cut off
C. kept back D. held up
43．The early pioneers had to ________ many difficulties to settle down on the new land.
A. go along with B. go back on
C. go through D. go into
44．The castle ________ the 15th century. Many people pay visits there.
A. comes from B. calls back
C. dates back D. dates from
45．—I’m ________ too much weight，doctor.
—I think you ought to go on a diet.
A. getting on B. putting on
C. carrying on D. living on
46．It takes a long time to ________ a good name，but this name is quickly lost by just one crime or piece of bad behavior.
A. build up B. put up
C. turn up D. set up
47．We are advised，while reading，not necessary to ________ every new word in a dictionary but try to guess their meaning in the sentences.
A. look up B. look for
C. pick up D. refer to
48．You may not understand it，but this is a kind of thing we policemen ________ as a secret.
A. think about B. think over
C. think of D. think out
49．There are some branches over there. Go and ________ them ________ for firewood，please.
A. cut off B. cut down
C. cut away D. cut up
50．The math teacher asked his students to ________ the straight line ________ 5 equal parts.
A. separate；from B. separate；into
C. divide；into D. divide；from
51．If you go on doing that kind of foolish thing you will ________ in prison.
A. bring up B. end up
C. show up D. take up
52．It took years of planning and saving，and their seagoing vacation ________ at last.
A. turned out B. came true
C. turned up D. came up
53．If you have no idea about how to pronounce the word correctly, you may ________ the dictionary.
A. refer to B. deal with
C. bring about D. look up
54．She gets up immediately the clock ________ at six o’clock every morning.
A. goes off B. goes out
C. goes on D. go ahead
55．Though Robin himself ________, his name lived on.
A. die out B. die away
C. pass away D. pass by
56．I wonder if you could ________ us ________ for the night.
A. put；on B. put；off
C. put；out D. put；up
57．The only thing the doctors ________ was that Tom was dying.
A. agreed to B. agreed with
C. agreed for D. agreed on
58．All the leaves were ________ the trees except one.
A. blown away B. blown out
C. blown off D. blown up
59．You must ________ all the dirty paper and throw it into the dustbin.
A. clear off B. clear up
C. put away D. put down
60．The spring is coming. Many plants have ________ some new shoots（新芽）.
A. sent out B. come up
C. given out D. give off
参考答案
1~5 AABDC 6~10 BDBAD
11~15 BDCCD 16~20 BAAAB
21~25 DCCBA 26~30 DDCBA
31~35 CCADD 36~40 BCADA
41~45 BCCDB 46~50 AACDC
51~55 BBAAC 56~60 DDCBA
【解析】
1．hold on to本是“抓住不放”之意，引申为“保留”。
2．make out“把……弄清楚”。
3．pick up原意为“捡起”，引申为“学习”。
4．get away在这里作“离开”理解。
5．bring out在这里是“引出；解释”之意。
6．give in在这里作“让步”理解。
7．call for“需要”。
9．break down本是“垮了；坏了”之意，引申为“（计划）流产/没能实施”。
10．throw away“浪费”。
11．carry on“进行（下去）”。
12．turn away“打发走”。
16．set out“表述”。
17．本句要注意human being have to take advantage of the sun是一个定语从句，修饰先行词the advantage；take advantage of是短语，意为“利用”。
18．hold up“阻碍”。
21．tear oneself away from意为“把……从……拽开”。
22．hold back“阻挡”。
26．get through“通过”。
29．put away“把……收起来”。
31．give out“精疲力竭”。
34．set off 在这里是cause an explosion（引起爆炸）的意思。
37．get out of“摆脱”。
38．come about在这里是“happen”之意。
39．live up to“符合；不辜负”。
41．make for“朝……奔去”。
42．keep back“克扣”。
43．go through“经过；克服”。
46．build up“树立；建立”。
51．end up“结束（一生）”。
55．pass away“去世”（die的委婉说法）。
56．put up“让（在……）过夜/住”。
57．agree on“就……达成一致/ 协议；共同认为”。
训练指要
短语动词即是动词和某些其他词类用在一起构成固定词组，和动词一样，可分为及物和不及物。由于短语动词在运用中变化多端，如动词本身有时态、语态、单复数的变化，一个短语动词有多种含义，几个短语动词同义或近义或反义，故需要仔细辨析，不可混淆。另外，形式上已变成非谓语的短语动词只作非谓语成分，但仍保留原来的某些特征，不可去掉原来带的介词或副词，仍有语态、时态变化。
1．（2002全国高考题）We thought of selling this old furniture，but we’ve decided to ________ it. It might be valuable.
A. hold on to B. keep up with
C. turn to D. look after
2．（2003北京春季高考题）The idea puzzled me so much that I stopped for a few seconds to try to ________.
A. make it out B. make it off
C. make it up D. make it over
3．（2003上海春季高考题）He ________ some French while he was away on a business trip in Paris.
A. made out B. picked up
C. gave up D. took in
4．（2002北京高考题）His mother had thought it would be good for his character to ________ from home and earn some money on his own.
A. run away B. take away
C. keep away D. get away
5．（2002上海高考题）Can you make a sentence to ________ the meaning of the phrase
A. show off B. turn out
C. bring out D. take in
6．After Billy proved that he could ride a bicycle safely，his father had to ________ to him and bought him one.
A. give up B. give in
C. agree on D. make a promise
7．The job is not easy as you imagined, and it ________ much time and patience.
A. calls in B. calls off
C. calls up D. calls for
8．I feel silly in these clothes. Everyone will ________ me.
A. worry about B. make fun of
C. get rid of D. take interest in
9．The plan ________ just because people were unwilling to cooperate（合作）.
A. broke down B. pulled down
C. turned down D. put down
10．What a pity! He ________ the only chance of success.
A. put away B. gave away
C. broke off D. threw away
11．Some of the students have already learned enough English to ________ a conversation with an English speaker.
A. go on B. carry on
C. keep on D. hold on
12．The cinema was full and a lot of people had to be ________.
A. turned in B. turned against
C. turned over D. turned away
13．The government has ________ the parents to work with teachers in the education of their children.
A. asked for B. looked for
C. called for D. paid for
14．—How did you find him out
—I ________ his name by chance on the list.
A. came down B. came about
C. came across D. came up
15．Hospital doctors don’t go out very often as their work ________ all their time.
A. takes away B. takes in
C. takes over D. takes up
16．How I wish I could ________ my ideas in simple and wonderful English when chatting on the net.
A. set off B. set out
C. set over D. set up
17．The advantage human beings have to ________ the sun is well worth discussing.
A. take of B. play with
C. have on D. do with
18．What a pity! I missed to meet my boss at the airport because my car was ________ in the traffic jam.
A. held up B. broken up
C. kept back D. kept up
19．We didn’t plan our art exhibition like that but it ________ very well.
A. worked out B. tried out
C. went with D. carried on
20．—Will somebody go and get Dr White
—He’s already been ________.
A. asked for B. sent for
C. called for D. looked for
21．—Did you enjoy the book
—Yes，it was so interesting that I wouldn’t ________ it.
A. get rid of B. break away from
C. keep away from D. tear myself away from
22．No one can ________ the wheel of history however powerful he may be.
A. put up B. take back
C. hold back D. pick up
23．—Why do you ask me to take that early bus
—Because that bus ________ the 9:00 a. m. train at London.
A. joins in B. joins up
C. connects with D. unites with
24．—Do you think the bad weather will ________
—I hope not.
A. keep on B. keep up
C. go on D. take up
25．It is no good smoking. You should ________ it ________.
A. give up B. give out
C. give away D. give in
26．—What about your English test
—I ________ the written papers but failed the oral test.
A. looked through B. read through
C. pulled through D. got through
27．The fire ________ at ten a. m. ，and an hour later it ________.
A. broke in；was let out B. broke up；went out
C. broke off；died out D. broke out；was put out
28．“Mummy，there is a woman at the door insisting on selling us some cocks. Will you please come and ________ her ” said Sally.
A. play with B. care for
C. deal with D. call on
29．After playing for a while，the children were made to ________ all the toys they had taken out.
A. put off B. put away
C. put down D. put up
30．The weather was fine when the plane ________.
A. took off B. took away
C. took up D. took on
31．After a long way he was very tired and his legs ________.
A. gave up B. gave in
C. gave out D. gave off
32．Would you ________ the radio a bit I can’t hear the music clearly.
A. turn on B. turn off
C. turn up D. turn down
33．Once you have made a plan，you should ________ it.
A. stick to B. insist on
C. keep on D. get used to
34．The mine could be ________ by the lightest touch.
A. set out B. set down
C. set away D. set off
35．The student would ________ his teacher on his way from school.
A. call in B. call at
C. pay visit to D. drop in on
36．My radio is good enough to ________ BBC English and VOA English clearly.
A. look up B. pick up
C. pick out D. turn out
37．She doesn’t feel like going to the party，but she is not sure how she can ________ it.
A. get back from B. get off
C. get out of D. get away
38．—How did it ________ that all the flowers died
—I had forgotten to water them.
A. come about B. come back
C. come down D. come to
39．He is taking pains to reach the goal set by his parents because he wants to ________ their expectation.
A. come up with B. look up to
C. count on D. live up to
40．Under good treatment，Linda is beginning to ________ and will soon recover.
A. pick up B. wake up
C. grow up D. show up
41．When he realized the police had seen him，the thief ________ the exit as quickly as possible.
A. made off B. made for
C. made out D. made up
42．The boss ________ $40 from my salary without any good reason，which made me very angry.
A. brought down B. cut off
C. kept back D. held up
43．The early pioneers had to ________ many difficulties to settle down on the new land.
A. go along with B. go back on
C. go through D. go into
44．The castle ________ the 15th century. Many people pay visits there.
A. comes from B. calls back
C. dates back D. dates from
45．—I’m ________ too much weight，doctor.
—I think you ought to go on a diet.
A. getting on B. putting on
C. carrying on D. living on
46．It takes a long time to ________ a good name，but this name is quickly lost by just one crime or piece of bad behavior.
A. build up B. put up
C. turn up D. set up
47．We are advised，while reading，not necessary to ________ every new word in a dictionary but try to guess their meaning in the sentences.
A. look up B. look for
C. pick up D. refer to
48．You may not understand it，but this is a kind of thing we policemen ________ as a secret.
A. think about B. think over
C. think of D. think out
49．There are some branches over there. Go and ________ them ________ for firewood，please.
A. cut off B. cut down
C. cut away D. cut up
50．The math teacher asked his students to ________ the straight line ________ 5 equal parts.
A. separate；from B. separate；into
C. divide；into D. divide；from
51．If you go on doing that kind of foolish thing you will ________ in prison.
A. bring up B. end up
C. show up D. take up
52．It took years of planning and saving，and their seagoing vacation ________ at last.
A. turned out B. came true
C. turned up D. came up
53．If you have no idea about how to pronounce the word correctly, you may ________ the dictionary.
A. refer to B. deal with
C. bring about D. look up
54．She gets up immediately the clock ________ at six o’clock every morning.
A. goes off B. goes out
C. goes on D. go ahead
55．Though Robin himself ________, his name lived on.
A. die out B. die away
C. pass away D. pass by
56．I wonder if you could ________ us ________ for the night.
A. put；on B. put；off
C. put；out D. put；up
57．The only thing the doctors ________ was that Tom was dying.
A. agreed to B. agreed with
C. agreed for D. agreed on
58．All the leaves were ________ the trees except one.
A. blown away B. blown out
C. blown off D. blown up
59．You must ________ all the dirty paper and throw it into the dustbin.
A. clear off B. clear up
C. put away D. put down
60．The spring is coming. Many plants have ________ some new shoots（新芽）.
A. sent out B. come up
C. given out D. give off
参考答案
1~5 AABDC 6~10 BDBAD
11~15 BDCCD 16~20 BAAAB
21~25 DCCBA 26~30 DDCBA
31~35 CCADD 36~40 BCADA
41~45 BCCDB 46~50 AACDC
51~55 BBAAC 56~60 DDCBA
【解析】
1．hold on to本是“抓住不放”之意，引申为“保留”。
2．make out“把……弄清楚”。
3．pick up原意为“捡起”，引申为“学习”。
4．get away在这里作“离开”理解。
5．bring out在这里是“引出；解释”之意。
6．give in在这里作“让步”理解。
7．call for“需要”。
9．break down本是“垮了；坏了”之意，引申为“（计划）流产/没能实施”。
10．throw away“浪费”。
11．carry on“进行（下去）”。
12．turn away“打发走”。
16．set out“表述”。
17．本句要注意human being have to take advantage of the sun是一个定语从句，修饰先行词the advantage；take advantage of是短语，意为“利用”。
18．hold up“阻碍”。
21．tear oneself away from意为“把……从……拽开”。
22．hold back“阻挡”。
26．get through“通过”。
29．put away“把……收起来”。
31．give out“精疲力竭”。
34．set off 在这里是cause an explosion（引起爆炸）的意思。
37．get out of“摆脱”。
38．come about在这里是“happen”之意。
39．live up to“符合；不辜负”。
41．make for“朝……奔去”。
42．keep back“克扣”。
43．go through“经过；克服”。
46．build up“树立；建立”。
51．end up“结束（一生）”。
55．pass away“去世”（die的委婉说法）。
56．put up“让（在……）过夜/住”。
57．agree on“就……达成一致/ 协议；共同认为”。