高考英语中高频率动词的搭配 高考英语动词搭配的命题特点[下学期]

高考英语中高频率动词的搭配
根据现行初、高中英语教材以及同等难度的读物，对高频率动词的搭配进行分类归纳，作为高考考生复习的参考。
一、do
1、do + n.
do exercises做练习, do housework干家务, do business做生意, do English puzzle猜英语字谜, do wonders创造奇迹
2、do + a + n.
do a room整理房间, do a favor开恩, do a sum计算, do a show展示
3、do + an + n.
do an experiment做实验
4、do + the + n.
do the problem解决问题,do the trick愚弄, do the dead做好事
5、do + one's + n.
do one's lesson做功课, do one's hair梳理头发, do one's teeth刷牙, do one's bed铺床, do one's duty尽义务, do one's best竭力
6、do + some + v-ing
do some washing涮洗, do some reading读书, do some shopping购物, do some sewing缝补, do some cleaning做清洁, do some sightseeing观光, do some traveling旅行, do some cooking做饭, do some studying学习, do some sweeping打扫, do some speaking发言
7、do + n. + to sb.
do justice to sb.对某人公正, do good to sb.对某人有好处, do harm to sb.对某人有危害, do damage to sb.对某人有损害, do honor to sb.对某人开恩, do wrong to sb.冤枉某人, do right to sb.对某人公正
二、give
1、give + n.
give trouble作乱, give help提供帮助, give encouragement鼓励, give permission许可, give support支持，give way让步
2、give + a + n.
give a description描述, give a hand帮助，give a look看一眼，give a ring打电话, give a push推一下, give a pull拉一下, give a welcome欢迎, give a concert举办音乐会, give a lecture演讲, give a reply回答, give a smile笑一笑
3、give + an + n.
give an excuse找借口, give an order订购, give an example举例
4、give + sb. + n.
give sb. a rise给某人涨工资, give sb. a lift搭便车
三、go
1、 go + n.
go Dutch各自付账
2、go + for + n.
go for a drive开车兜风, go for a swim去游泳, go for a walk散步, go for an outing远足
3、go + v-ing
go climbing去爬山, go cycling骑车兜风，go dancing去跳舞, go farming去务农，go fishing去钓鱼, go hunting去打猎,go hiking去远足，go riding去骑马, go skiing去滑水, go skating去滑冰, go swimming去游泳, go walking散步, go shopping出去购物, go shooting去射击, go picnicking出去野炊，
4、go + to + n.
go to school上学, go to college上大学, go to bed上床睡觉, go to hospital看病, go to church朝拜，go to pieces破碎，go to waste浪费，go to work上班
四、have
1、 have + n.
have breakfast/lunch/supper吃早/中/晚餐, have tea喝茶, have sports从事体育运动, have patience有耐心, have fun开心, have difficulty有困难
2、have + a + n.
have a meal吃饭, have a drink喝饮料, have a beer喝啤酒, have a wine喝酒, have a coffee喝咖啡, have a taste品尝, have a smoke吸烟, have a discussion讨论, have a meeting开会, have a talk交谈, have a chat闲聊, have a quarrel争吵, have a break休息, have a haircut理发, have a try试一试, have a rest休息, have a lesson上课, have a class上课, have a dream做梦, have a game玩游戏, have a dance跳舞, have a stomachache肚子痛, have a toothache牙痛, have a backache背痛, have a cold感冒, have a cough咳嗽, have a fever发烧, have a holiday度假, have a day off休息一天, have a good time玩得开心, have a picnic野炊
3、have + an + n.
have an influence有影响, have an exam考试, have an interview面试, have an objection反对
五、make
1、make + n.
make laws制订法规, make friends交友, make research研究, make progress取得进步, make great effort竭尽全力, make contribution做出贡献, make war发动战争, make peace讲和, make money挣钱, make remarks发表议论, make faces做鬼脸, make clothes缝制衣服, make profit赢利, make sense有道理, make difference有区别, make dinner做饭, make fun取乐, make preparations做准备,make bed铺床，make tea泡茶
2、 make + a + n.
make a statement陈述, make a journey旅行, make a request请求, make a bargain讨价还价, make a comment发表评论, make a copy复制, make a discovery发现, make a fire生火, make a fortune发财, make a survey调查, make a sacrifice牺牲, make a study研究, make a guess猜测, make a call打电话, make a mistake犯错误, make a speech讲话, make a vote投票, make a plan制订计划, make a living谋生, make a decision做出决定, make a promise许诺, make a sentence造句, make a suggestion提议, make a comparison作比较, make a choice作出选择, make a joke开玩笑, make a reply回答, make a record计录, make a trip旅行, make a contrast对比, make a policy制订政策, make a change改变, make a point发表观点, make a sound出声
3、 make + an + n.
make an excuse假借, make an offer提供, make an experiment做实验, make an observation观察, make an answer作答, make an attack攻击, make an attempt企图, make an investigation调查, make an explanation解释, make an arrangement安排, make an appointment约定, make an invitation邀请, make an inquiry查询, make an improvement改进
4、make + some + n.
make some noise发出声响, make some trouble搞出麻烦
5、make + one's + n.
make one's way艰难地行走
六、keep
1、keep + n.
keep company和某人在一起，keep secret保密, keep house看家, keep silence不出声, keep watch守望, keep order维持秩序, keep balance保持平衡，keep time守时，keep cattle养牛, keep goal守门
2、keep + a + n.
keep a diary写日记，keep a promise信守诺言, keep a shop开商店, keep a family养家
3、keep + the + n.
keep the rules守纪, keep the score记分，keep the law守法，keep
4、keep + one's + n.
keep one's appointment守信，keep one's distance避免亲近，keep one's head保持镇静，keep one's temper不发脾气，keep one's word信守诺言
七、set
1、set + n.
set sail启航, set fire纵火，set eggs使母鸡孵蛋
2、set + a + n.
set a clock对钟，set a date订时间, set a trap设陷阱, set a style确立风格, set a tone定调, set a speed调速, set a price定价，set a saw调锯
3、set + an + n.
set an example树榜样，set an exam paper出考题
4、set + one's +n.
set one's hair做头发，set one's watch对表, set one's face against sth.坚决反对, set one's on sth.看见某人，set one's teeth咬紧牙关
八、take
1、take + n.
take care小心, take picture照相, take photo拍照, take notes做笔记, take advice接受劝告, take medicine吃药, take sides偏袒, take aim瞄准, take notice留意, take turns轮流, take time花时间
2、take + a + n.
take a rest休息, take a walk散步, take a bath洗澡, take a plane乘飞机, take a bus坐公交车, take a taxi打的, take a lift坐电梯, take a dictation听写, take a deep breath深呼吸, take a holiday度假, take a vote投票
3、take + an + n.
take an exam参加考试
4、take + the + n.
take the first place取得第一名的成绩, take the place of取代, take the chance抓住机会
5、take + one's + n.
take one's choice作出选择, take one's seat就座
高考英语动词搭配的命题特点
随着高考命题由知识型向能力型的转化，对英语常用动词搭配（包括短语动词）的考查方式也日趋灵活多样。因此复习备考时针对动词搭配这一考点要活跃思维，提高解题能力。通过对近年来高考试题的研究，可以发现高考对此考点的命题主要体现在以下几个方面：
??1．多在具体的语境中进行考查短语动词在常见句型结构中的灵活运用以及考查常用短语动词之间意义的辨析，常考的动词有call，get，give，look，make，put，turn等。
??（1）NMET2000　The　manager　discussed　the　plan　that　they　would　like　to　see　______　the　next　year．
??A．carry　out??B．carrying　out??C．carried　out??D．to　carry　out
??该题考查了动词搭配“carry　out　the　plan”在“see＋宾语＋过去分词”结构中的变异运用，将“the　plan”充当定语从句的先行词，然后考查考生能否识别出来是上述结构的灵活变异，故此应选C。又如：
?NMET2000（春）?—It's　a　good　idea．But　who's　going　to　______the　plan？
?—I　think　Tom　and　Greg　will．（B）
??A．set　aside??B．carry　out??C．take　in??D．get　through
??（2）NMET’98?Nobody　noticed　the　thief　slip　into　the　house　because　the　lights　happened　to______．
??A．be　put　up??B．give　in??C．be　turned　on??D．go　out
??该题中出现了四个常用动词搭配，反映了命题者想考查考生对短语动词或动词搭配的综合掌握能力，命题设计精致巧妙，据题意分析可知“碰巧灯灭了”而“go　out”又能表示“（a　fire　or　light）　to　stop　burning　or　shining熄灭”之意，故该题应选D。
??（3）NMET’97?She　______his　number　in　the　phone　book　to　make　sure　that　she　had　got　it　right．
??A．looked　up??B．looked　for??C．picked　out??D．picked　up
?该题考查了四个常见动词短语之间的辨析，由题意可知应选A。常形成这样的动词搭配“to　look　up　a　word　in　the　dictionary；to　look　up　the　information／the　message／the　number／the　time…”等。类似的高考命题还有：
??NMET’95?I　can　hardly　hear　the　radio．Would　you　please______？（C）
??A．turn　it　on??B．turn　it　down??C．turn　it　up???D．turn　in　off
??MET’93?Readers　can______　quite　well　without　knowing　the　exact　meaning　of　each　word．（C）
??A．get　over??B．get　in??C．get　along??D．get　through
??MET’92?I　really　don't　want　to　go　to　the　party，but　I　don't　see　how　I　can　______it．（B）
??A．get　back　from??B．get　out　of??C．get　away??D．get　off
??2．考查常见动词与名词，冠词或副词的搭配情况
??（4）NMET’97?If　by　any　chance　someone　comes　to　see　me，ask　them　to　leave　a　______．
??A．message??B．letter??C．sentence??D．notice
??该题考查了常用动词leave所形成的搭配“to　leave　a　message（留口信）”，故选A。
??（5）NMET’96?We　decided　not　to　climb　the　mountain　because　it　was　raining　______．
??A．badly??B．hardly??C．strongly??D．heavily
?该题考查了常用动词“rain”所形成的固定搭配“rain　hard／heavily／cats　and　dogs”，故应选D，类似的高考命题又如：
??NMET’94?Here's　my　card．Let's　keep　in______．（A）
??A．touch??B．relation??C．connection??D．friendship
??（6）MET’93?We've　missed　the　last　bus．I'm　afraid　we　have　no　______but　to　take　a　taxi．
??A．way??B．choice??C．possibility??D．selection
?该题因出现了常用的动词固定搭配“have　no　choice　but　to　do　sth．（除做…外别无选择）”，故选B。又如：
??MET’92?We　have　worked　out　the　plan　and　now　we　must　put　it　into　______．（C）
??A．fact??B．reality??C．practice??D．deed
??（7）MET’91?Alexander　Graham　Bell　invented　______telephone　in　1876．
??A．不填??B．a??C．the??D．one
??该题考查了动词搭配“invent　the＋名词”，故此题选C。该动词搭配在高考中曾三次命题测试其搭配。如：
??MET’89?It　is　well　known　that　Thomas　Edison　______the　electric　lamp．（A）
??A．invented??B．discovered??C．found??D．developed
??MET’93?Charles　Babbage　is　generally　considered　______the　first　computer．（C）
??A．to　invent??B．inventing??C．to　have　invented??D．having　invented
??3．考查动词搭配中基本动词的特殊用法或常用动词形成固定搭配时的用法
??（8）NMET’98?Cleaning　women　in　big　cities　usually　get　______　by　the　hour．
??A．pay??B．paying??C．paid??D．to　pay
??该题考查了动词“get”所形成的特殊搭配，即“get＋过去分词”，如get　lost，get　married，get　changed，get　dressed；get　paid等，故应选C。
??（9）NMET’96?______in　thought，he　almost　ran　into　the　car　in　front　of　him．
??A．Losing??B．Having　lost??C．Lost??D．To　lose
??该题考查了固定搭配“lose…in　thought（陷入沉思）”，故应选C。同理又如：
??MET’91?The　speaker　raised　his　voice　but　still　couldn't　make　himself　______．（D）
??A．hear??B．to　hear??C．hearing??D．heard
??MET’90?______more　attention，the　trees　could　have　grown　better．（A）
??A．Given??B．To　give??C．Giving??D．Having　given
??（10）MET’93?The　captain______　an　apology　to　the　passengers　for　the　delay　caused　by　bad　weather．
??A．made??B．said??C．put??D．passed
??该题考查了常用动词“make”形成的固定搭配“make　an　apology　to　sb．（向某人道歉）”，故应选A。同理又如：
??MET’93?If　no　one______the　phone　at　home，ring　me　at　work．（C）
??A．returns??B．replies??C．answers??D．receives
高考英语高频动词详细复习
Attend vt. vi.
出席,参加, 上大学.其后跟的宾语主要是meeting, conference, lecture, school, ceremony(典礼).
照料,护理,侍候. attend the sick man(vt)/ attend on the sick man
办理,处理,陪伴,伴随. attend to the matter / a cold attended by fever
attendance n.到场,出席,参加,出席人数.
Beat (beat, beaten)
(1)打,敲打 vt. Waves beat the shores.
(2)打败,打赢,胜过vt. They beat us in a match.
beat the world record in the high jump
(3)(接连地)打,敲;(日)晒,(雨)打;(风)吹打;(波浪等)冲击:vi
The rain was beating on (against) the window.
(4)(心,脉搏)跳动 vi. normal heart beats / His pulse beat fast.
(5) n.(接连的)敲打,敲击声; (波浪等的)冲击(声);(心脏等)跳动(声);节拍
phrases
beat up 痛打一顿
beat down (太阳等)强烈地照射下来;打倒,镇压; 杀(价)
beat a retreat 撤退,打退堂鼓
beat time 打拍子
Blow
(1). vi. (风)吹;吹动;刮 It was blowing hard. / The door blew open.
(2).vi. 吹响;吹奏;鸣响 Do you hear the bugle blowing 你听到军号在吹吗
(3).vi. 吹气;呼吸困难急促;喘气
(4).vi.(轮胎等)爆炸;(保险丝等)烧断
(5).vt.吹动,吹 A gust of wind blew all the dust away.
(6).vt.使充气,使爆炸 The explosion blew several buildings down.
(7).vt.发布(新闻等);传播(谣言等)
phrases
blow one’s nose 擤鼻涕
blow out 吹灭 Don’t blow out the light.
blow over (一阵风暴,风波等)过去 The storm will soon blow over.
被淡忘 The impression is so deep that it can hardly ever blow over.
blow up
(1)刮起来 Soon a gale blew up.
(2)打气,吹起来 get the tire blown up
(3)爆炸,炸毁 The ship blew up.
(4)发脾气,责骂 He blew up (at me) when I told him I couldn’t do it.
(5)爆发,突然开始 The volcano unexpectedly blew up.
n.1. 打,一击;打击 a blow to the face 朝脸部的一击
2. (精神上的)打击;灾祸
3.突然袭击,攻击
at a (one) blow 一下子,一举
come to blows动手互殴
get a blow in 打着,击中
strike a blow against反对,企图
Break vt.
1.打破,打断,使碎裂 break the window / break one’s leg (摔断腿)
2. 损坏,弄坏 break the instrument
3. 破坏,违反, break an agreement / break the law
4. 使(突然)中止,打断 break one’s journey
5. 打破(纪录) break the record
vi.1.破碎,折断 The vase has broken to pieces.
2.争吵,决裂 break from ( with) the old traditional ideas
3.(嗓音,天气)突变 After an hour of heavy rain the storm broke.
4.(黎明,风暴)开始 Day broke.
5.(云雾)消散,停止 The mist(雾)was breaking.
6.(身体,精神)垮了 His health broke.
n.1.破裂,破裂处
2决裂,绝交 a break between the two countries
3.破晓 at (the) break of day
4.休息(时间), 间歇 have a break
5.中止, 中断, 停顿 a break in the conversation
phrases
1. break away(from)
逃脱,摆脱 break away from the guard
与…断绝来往,脱离
改掉,破除 break away from the old habit
2. break down
(机器等)坏The car I was in broke down.
(身体)垮了,(计划) 失败,(精神)支持不往
His health broke down. /The plan has broken down.
(3) 中断 The conversation broke down at this point.
(4) 压倒,破除 break down fetishes(迷信)
3. break forth 迸发, 突然…
A shout of joy broke forth.
4. break in
(1)强行进入,打进来 Thieves broke in during the night.
(2)插话,插嘴,打岔 Don’t break in while others are speaking.
5. break into
(1) 强行进入, 打进 break into the palace
(2) 突然开始 break into cheers
6. break off
(1) 突然停止 They broke off their conversation.
He broke off in the middle of a sentence.
(2) 中断,断绝, 绝交 break off the talk 中断会谈
break off with one’s old friends 与老朋友绝交
7. break one’s heart 使心碎
8. break out 突然发生, 爆发
A fire broke out during the night.
The economic crisis first broke out in the United States.
9. break out (of) (从监禁的地方)跑出来, 摆脱
10. break through 突破,打破,冲破
The river broke through its banks and flooded the country.
They have broken through in a number of directions.
11. break up
(1) (会议)结束,散会 After midnight, the party broke up.
(2) 驱散(集会), 破坏(罢工) The police tried to break up the crowd.
(3) 学期结束,停课 The school has broken up for the holidays.
12. break up into 分成, 分解
Sentences can be broken up into clauses, and clauses into phrases.
Bring vt.
1.带来,拿来 Bring me the basket, please.
2.使(人)来到;把…引来 What brings you here today
3.产生;引起;导致;使发生 Her three children brought her joy.
4.促使;劝使 She couldn’t bring herself to believe the news.
5.使处于某种状态 bring water to a boil 把水烧开
6.(货品)售得,换得 The painting brought 20 pounds.
bring about 引起,实现,使发生
Our aim is to bring about a communist society.
bring around
使回心转意,使改变看法 They tried to bring him round to their views.
使痊愈 The doctor will bring him round all right.
bring back(to one’s mind)使回想起
The story brought back my unhappy childhood.
bring down
使倒下,使下降
The wind brought down a number of trees.
(2) 击落,推翻
The more enemy planes were brought down.
bring forth 使产生, 引起
The weather brought forth a host of diseases.
bring forward
提出 Please bring the matter forward at the next meeting.
提前 They decided to bring forward the date of the meeting.
bring home to 使…明白 bring home to the broad masses the risk of smoking
bring in
收(庄稼) bring in rice
(使)得到(收入) This will bring them in several thousand yuan.
bring on 使发生,引起 Dirt often brings on diseases.
bring out
说明,阐明 bring out the meaning of a passage
出版,推出 bring out a type of TV
bring to (round) 使苏醒,使恢复知觉
bring to an end (a close)结束, 停住 He brought his story to an end.
bring to attention(notice)使…注意
bring to bear on 对…施加(压力,影响)
bring to light 使发现,使了解到
bring to one’s senses(reason) 使清醒起来(明白过来)
bring to victory (safety) 使胜利(脱险等)
bring up
提出,提起 bring up questions
抚养,培养
呕吐
Call vt, vi.
1.(名)叫, 称(呼) They call her Xiao Hong.
2.呼叫,喊叫,鸣叫 Call me at 7 o’clock please.
He called and called but no one came to his help.
3.拜访,到某处找人 I hope you’ll call again.
You’d better call at his office./call on sb
4.打电话 Let’s call his office.
5.召集(会议),下令(罢工)
6.召唤,征召 call a taxi / call a doctor
phrases
call at (火车,轮船)停留,停靠 Does the ship called at Hong Kong
call attention to 引起对…的注意
call away 叫走,叫开 The doctor was called away a moment ago.
call for
叫(某人),接(某人) I will call for you at nine.
要,索取 He entered the restaurant and called for a glass of beer.
要求,需要有 This problem calls for careful thought.
call in
(1).来访,到…那里去
(2).找来,请来 call in a doctor at once.
(3).收回
call on sb to do sth
(1).请(叫)某人做某事 The Chairman called on Mr Brown to speak.
(2).号召某人做某事
call out 大声叫,调来,请去
He called out with pain.
Doctors are often called out in the middle of the night.
call the roll 点名
call to mind 使想起 I can’t call his name to mind.
call to order 让保持(会场)秩序，让肃静
call up
给…打电话
征召(入伍)
Carry vt.vi
1、搬，拿，扛，抬
2、通过（决议等）
The meeting carried the motion by a large majority.
会议以较大的多数通过了这项提议。
Carry away
(1) 使 失去理智，使入迷
He was carried away by emotion.
这时他被感情支配失去了理智。
(2) 拿走
phrases
carry into effect(practice)实施,实行
carry off 夺走,抢走,获得,使死掉
The army term carried off most of the medals.
carry on 进行,继续进行
carry out 实行,执行
They also carried out other experiment.
carry thought进行到底,完成
Our fight will be carried through.我们的战斗将进行到底.
carry weight (说话)有份量,有力量,有影响
Catch vt.& vi.
1.抓住,逮住,挂住 He caught my hand and held it tightly.
The nail caught her coat.
2.赶上,搭上 I want to catch the early bus.
3.听到,嗅到,听懂 What I didn’t catch what you said.
Do you catch my meaning
4.染上(疾病) Be careful, you may catch cold.
5.(出其不意地)碰上,撞上(某人做某事,多指不好的事)
She caught him smoking a cigarette.
I caught the boy at it again. 我又撞上这孩子在干这事.
6.给撞上,给碰上(多用于被动结构)
He has been caught in the rain and is wet through and through.
The ship was caught in a hurricane.
catch at 想抓住,设法抓住
He will catch at any opportunity to practice English.
catch by surprise(off guard)出其不意(趁其不备)
catch fire着火
catch hold of 抓住,抓牢
catch on受到(大家的)欢迎(喜爱),理解
The play caught on well.
catch one’s eye (attention)引起注意
A red pencil-mark on the fifth page caught his eye.
catch sight of 望见 Just then they caught sight of us.
catch up with sb 赶上某人
You go on.I will catch you up.
We’ll spare no effort to catch up with the advanced countries.
Change vt.&vi.
1..改变,使改变
We’ll change the date to Feb.
2.换(衣,药,钱), 交换 Can you change this $5 note for me
3.改变,变化 The weather has changed for the better.
4.换(转)车 Passages for Xian change at Zhengzhou.
change hands 转手This house has changed hands twice this year.
change into 换上(衣服) There we changed into hospital clothes.
change one’s mind 改变主意
I have made my mind and nothing you say will change my mind.
change one’s tune 改变腔调
n. (c.)(u.)
There has been a change in the programme.
He lived through a time of great social change.
他是从社会发生重大变革的时期生活过来的.
n.(u)找回的零钱
I handed over a pound and got 38 pence change.
Come vi.& link.v
1.来 She is coming right away.
There comes the bus.
2.(指时间)到来
the winter was coming.
Then came the day of his examination.
3.用于各种引伸意义
Who comes next 下面该谁
Success comes when you work hand.努力才能成功.
4.(跟不定式)经过某一过程发生某一情况
But gradually they came to see the menace to themselves.但他们渐渐看出了他们面临的威胁.
5.(作link.v,和某些形容词和分词连用)变得,成为
Wrong never comes right.错的不能变成对的.
That day their wish finally came true.
Your shoe laces have come undone.你的鞋带散了.
6.(用现在分词或不定式形式)即将到来的,未来的
They began talking about their coming holidays.
I’m sure we’ll do better in times to come.
Can you come swimming with us (come swimming=go swimming)
phrases
come about发生
How did the accident come about
come across碰到
In the course of the experiments, they came across a series of new problems.
come along
(1).跟(我们)去,一道去
Tom wants to come along with us to the movie.
(2)赶快 Come along, it’s nearly twelve o’clock.
(3)进行,生长
The other jobs are also coming along nicely.其他工作也进行得很顺利.
come at
(1)向…袭击
(2)拿到 I’ve been looking for that article, but can’t come at it anywhere.
(3)弄清楚
It’s difficult to come at the exact facts.弄清确切事实是很困难的.
come by得到
They didn’t come by their honours easily.他们这些荣誉不是轻易得来的.
come down
(1)下降,下落 The temperature has come down.
(2)病倒,患病
These workers came down suddenly with food poisoning.这些工人突然食物中毒了.
(3)传下来
These customs came down to us from our forefathers.
come down on责备,斥责
The doctor came down on him hard.
come first在前面,名列第一
She came first in the contest.
come for来拿,来取,来找
I have come for the parcel.
come forward涌现
Many activists have come forward.
涌现了大批的积极分子.
come from出身于,产生,来自
This word comes from Latin.
come in
(1)进来(站)
Let’s wait till train comes in.
(2)到来
Summer is supposed to come in during May.夏天按说是5月份开始.
(3)存在,出现
Here comes in the question of manpower.这儿存在一个人力问题.
(4)上台,开始当政
come in for受到
She came in for a lot of criticism.
come into effect(force, use)生效(开始使用)
The treaty will come into force next month.这个条约下月开始生效.
come into existence(being)出现,诞生,成立
come into leaf(flower, bud)长叶子(开花,发芽)
come into office(power)就职(上台执政)
come near (to)差点儿,险些
I came near to giving it up.
come of 有…结果
Nothing came of the meeting.
Skill comes of practice.实践出技术.
come off`
(1) 成功(指计划等)
I don’t think the plan will come off.
我看这计划行不通。
(2) 举行，发生
The meeting will come off next week.
(3)脱落，褪色
This button has just come off.
come on
(1) （风雨等）开始到来
Summer is coming on.
(2) 举行，演出
The next examination comes on in early summer.
下一次考试将在夏初举行。
(3)进行，进展
How is he coming on with his study of French
（4） 赶快，来吧
Come on! You can do it if you try.
干嘛！你干一干准能干好。
come out
(1) 出版，出来
This paper comes out every Friday.
(2) 有……的结果
Who came out first in the contest
比赛谁得第一？
(3)开花
The flowers are coming out.
Come out with：说出来，讲出，发表
Then someone came out with a question.
这时有人提了一个问题。
come to
(1) 来到(某地)，碰到，来参加(某个活动)
They are not afraid when they come to difficulties in their study.
学习中碰到困难他们也不害怕。
（2）合计，总共是
How much does it come to
（3）有出息，有价值，有意义
What does it come to after all
(4)谈到，说到
I was just about to come to it.
Come to a conclusion / decision 得出结论/ 作出决定
Come to an end 结束
Come to nothing 没有结果
Come to one’s notice / attention 被注意到
Come up
（1）走近，走上前来
（2）出现
We solve the problem as soon as they came up.
Charge
1．Vt
指控，控告 (with): be ~d with murder
要价，收费 ~ sb. fifty cents for mending a pair of shoes
主管，掌管 have charge of
词组
in charge of主管，掌管 in charge of the project
take charge (of ) 掌管,看管 take charge of the children
free of charge
at one’s own charge 自费
under the charge of 在……掌管（或看管）之下
Cover vt.
1. 盖，铺；包
2. 给…穿上衣服(戴上帽子)
3. 掩盖，掩饰；隐匿
cover one’s nervousness
(掩饰紧张心情)
4. 包括；涉及；适用于
The exhibition covers an area of 10,000 square meters.
5. 行过(路程)
cover 90 miles in three days
(三天行程90英里)
6. 采访；报道
Do(did; done)
Vt
做，干 What’s to be done 怎么办 ？
do manual labour 从事体力劳动
do one’s shopping(washing)
do all one can to do sth. 竭尽全力做某事
（2）给与 do sb good/harm/wrong (冤枉某人)
Will you do me a favor
The rain did no damage to the crops.雨并没有使庄稼受到损失。
（3）制作，产生 do a film摄制影片 do a painting作画
（4）学习，研究 do one’s lessons
do physics at a university 在大学里学物理。
2．Vi
做，行动 do as sb says 按某人所说的去做
行，足够 That will do. 够了。
生长，进展 Vegetables do well here.
They are doing very well.他们进步很快。
phrases
do with 与……某人相处 be difficult to ~
do without没有……也行 This is something we can very well ~ without
have sth (nothing ,a great deal)to ~with 和……有些关系（没有关系，关系很大）
Draw (drew, drawn)
vt
(1) 拉, 拖 ~ a curtain拉开窗帘/~ a bow拉弓
(2) 吸取，引出 ~ a lesson吸取教训/~ a conclusion引出结论
(3) 引起，招来 ~ prolonged applause搏得长时间的掌声
(4) 吸入，吸引 ~ a deep breath 深吸一口气
(5) 画，绘制 draw a picture/draw a line
2. 平局，不分胜负 The game ended in a ~.
phrases
~ up 草拟，制定 ~ up a plan
~ back 收回
Drop
n
(1) 滴 fight to the last ~ of blood 血战到底
(2) 落下，下降 a ~ in temperature
vt
使落下，放下，投下 drop one’s eyes 垂下两眼
drop a letter into a mail- box
(2) 遗漏，省略 ~ a letter in a
(3)丢弃，中断 Let’s ~ the subject.我们别谈这个问题了。
~ a bad habit
(4) 下客 Please ~ me at the next station.
(5) 不经意地说出，随便地投寄 ~ sb a postcard/~ a hint暗示
Vi
下降，变弱
Her voice ~ped to a whisper.
因疲劳而倒下
phrases
(1) ~ asleep 入睡
(2)~ behind 落伍，落后
(3)~ by ~ 一滴一滴地，一点一点地
(4) ~ in on sb 顺便走访某人
(5)~ in at 顺便走访某地
(6) ~ into 1.不知不觉谈起来 ~into a conversation 2. 不知不觉养成 ~ into a habit of
(7) ~ out 掉落，掉出
Fall (fell; fallen) vi
(1)落下，降落，跌倒Leaves ~ in autumn.
The rain is ~ing.
(2)（温度，价格）下降；（风势，声音）减退；（情绪）低落
The temperature is ~ing.
The storm fell towards evening.傍晚暴风雨减弱。
a voice ~ing to a whisper
(3)下垂，降临 The curtain ~s./Night ~s夜幕降临。
(4) 房屋坍塌；城市阵地陷落政府跨台
Get (got;got,gotten;getting)vt. vi.
1. 获得；得到
2. 挣得；赢得
get a living (谋生)
3. 收获；捕获
get a good crop (获得丰收)
4. 收到；接到
get a letter(收到来信); get a telephone call from a friend(接到朋友的电话)
5. 收看到；收听到
We can get 15 channels on TV. (我们可以收看到15个频道的电视节目。)
6. 搞到；弄到
Get me some paste.
(帮我弄点浆糊来。)
I rang up to see if I could get seats.(我打电话去问是否可以预订坐位。)
7. <口>受；挨打；遭受到
He got twenty years for murder.(他因杀人被判20年徒刑。)
8. 感染(疾病)；(毒品等)使上瘾
get a cold(感冒)；
9. 计算出；得出
Multiplying 3 by 2 we get 6. (2乘3得6。)
10. [后接复合宾语]使得；把……弄得；使被弄得
get everything ready!
(把一切准备好！)
get things moving(使事情开始进行)
11. 劝说；说服
get him to see a doctor
(劝他去看医生)
12. 到达
When do we get to Beijing
(我们什么时候到北京？)
13. 变得；成为
get sick(生病)；get angry(发怒)
14. [后接动词-ing形式]开始
They soon got talking together.
(他们不久就一起谈了起来。)
15. [用作助动词，与过去分词连用构成被动语态]
They got married last month.
(他们上个月结婚了。)
16. 赚钱
He spends all his time getting and spending.
(他的时间都花在赚钱和花钱上了。)
phrases
get across 通过；把……讲清楚
get around=get round 回避，规避；说服，争取；花时间做
get down 下来；咽下，吞下；写下；使沮丧；使抑郁；开始对待
get into 进入；陷入，染上
get off 下来；脱下；动身；开始；
get over 越过；克服；从(病)中恢复；把……忘怀
get through 到达；办完；花光；(使)通过；捱过；打通电话；把……向某人解释清楚
get together 聚集；积累；收集
get up (使)起床；爬上；上马；
Give(gave; given) vt. vi
1. 赠送；给
2. 授予；赐予；捐赠
3. 供给；传给
This power station gives light and power to the whole region.(这座发电站为这整个地区提供照明和动力。)
4. 付出；出售
give two yuan for sth.(花两块钱买…)
give sth. for two yuan(以两块钱卖掉…)
I would give anything to get it.
我将不惜代价弄到它。
5. 献出；使…沉缅于
give one’s life to the revolution
为革命事业献身
6. 交付；嫁出；产生；引起
7. 提出(建议等)
8. 举行；演出
give a concert(dinner)举行音乐会(宴会)
phrases
give away 送掉；分发；放弃；泄露；出卖；让步；丧失
give in 屈服；交上
give off 发出（光，蒸气等）
give out分发；发出(气味，热等)；耗尽；精疲力竭
give up 让（位等）；放弃；认输
Go (went; gone)vi.
1. 去，离开
2. 走，驶
The truck can go 80 km. an hour.
(这货车每小时能行80公里。)
3. 通到，达到(to)
4. 归，属
Victory always goes to the strong.
(胜利永远属于张者。)
5. 诉诸，求助于，查阅
go to a dictionary for a word
到词典上查词
6. 消失，衰退；(时间)过去
The pain has gone. (疼痛消失了。)
7. 完结，垮；断开；死
This bank may go any day.
(这家银行随时可能倒闭。)
His wife went first.
(他妻子先去世的。)
8. 变为 ，成为，处于
The question goes unanswered.
(这总是没有得到回答。)
9. 和谐，相称
This paint doesn’t go.
(这种颜料不相称。)
phrases
go after 追求；追逐
go against 违反；反对；不利于
go ahead 前进，干吧；(祈使句中) 可以，往下说
go all out 全力以赴
go along 前进，进行；同行，一起走；赞同，附和
go by 走过，过去；
go down 下去；下沉；被咽下，被接受；倒下，垮台；传下去；消肿
go in for 去从事；酷爱
go on 继续下去；(时间)过去；发生，进行；接近
go out 出去；熄灭；(衣着等)过时；参加
go through 经历，经受；通过；仔细检查；全面考虑；搜查；用光；吃掉；(提案等)被通过
go through with… 做完；完成
go with 陪…一起去；与…持同一看法；与…相配；跟…谈恋爱；顺从…的趋势
go without 在缺少…的情况下勉强对付过去
go wrong 走错路；行为变坏；出毛病
Have (had; had) vt. v(aux)
1. 有；含有；拥有
2. 怀有；持有
Have you any idea where he works
(你知道他在哪儿。)
3. 拿；得到
May I have one (可以给我一个吗？)
4. 吃，喝
Would you have a cup of tea
(请喝杯茶。)
5. 进行，从事
Let’s have a talk.（我们谈一谈。）
6. 享有，经历，遭受，招致
have a good holiday (假期过得愉快)
have a toothache (牙痛)
7. (用于否定句)容忍；允许
I won’t have you say such things.
(我可不许你说这种话。)
8. 使；让；要；叫
We had the machine repaired.
(我们请人把机器修好了。)
have everything ready for a trip
(做好旅行的一切准备)
I would have him wait for me.
(我要他等我。)
9. 使处于某一位置；放置
have one’s back to the camera
(背对着照相机)
phrases
have…on 穿着；有事在手头；引起…兴趣
Know (knew, known)
1、知道，了解，懂得
2、认识，熟悉
know sb by name只知某人和名字
know sb by sight 同某人面熟
3、熟记，记住，能背出，
know one’s lines (by heart) 熟记台词
4、 精通，通晓（语言等）
5、 认出，认定，分辨
I would know him even in a crowd. 即使在人群中我也能认出他来。
I knew her for a German. 我看出她是德国人。
know right from wrong 分辨是非
6、 体验，经历
He never knew fear.他从来不知道什么叫害怕。
7、[仅用于过去时和完成时] 见到过，听到过
I have known her say this before. 我听到过她以前说这话。
I have never known him tell a lie. 我从来没有听到过他说谎。
8、用作插入语
This, you know, is what I have in mind.你知道，这就是我的相法。
phrases
（1）know about了解，知道…的情况
（2）know of 知道（有…），听说过
（3）know from 区分
（4）be known as 被称为
（5）be known for 因…而出名
（6）be known to all众所周知
（7）make oneself known to sb 让某人自己被别人认识
（8）know + wh- + to do sth
（9）As we all know, ….
（10）As is known to all, ….
Make
制造，建造
make paper / cloth / shoes / a road
作出
make great efforts 作出很大努力
make an answer回答
make a decision作出决定
make progress 取得进步
make a promise作出许诺
3、写作，制定，订立
make a poem 作诗
make a sentence 造句
make laws / rules 制定法律 / 规章
make a plan 订计划
4、成，组成，成为…… 的一分子
That event has made the headline. 那事件成了重大新闻。
One tree doesn’t make a wood. 独木不成林。
He made the college basketball team.他成了大学篮球队队员。
5、成为，变成
He will make a very good athlete.
他将成为一名非常优秀的运动员。
That makes the third time he has succeeded in his experiment.
这次已是他实验成功的第三次了。
6、使成为， 任命为，选举为
Make yourself comfortable.（招待客人用语）请随意。
They made him their team leader.他们推选他当了队长。
7、整理，布置，准备
make the beds铺床，
make camp扎营
make a fire生火
make tea泡茶
8、引起，产生
make trouble捣乱
make (no) sense毫无意义
9、认为，估计
What time do you make it 你看现在几点钟了？
I make the distance to be about 70 kilometers.我估计这距离约有70公里。
make no doubt of it并不怀疑
10、获得，挣得，（比赛中的）得分
make profits获利
make money赚钱
make a / one’s living维持生活
make friends with sb和某人交朋友
make enemies树敌
11、实行，进行
make a survey / investigation进行调查
make peace 讲和
make war开战
12、总计，等于
Three plus six makes nine. 3加6等于9
phrases
（1）be made of 主语是原材料
（2）be made from主语是原材料
（3）be made into 主语是制成品
（4）be made in
（5）be made by
（6）be made up of主动语态中无of 即：make up
（7）make sb do sth 被动语态为：be made to do sth
（8）make it:
a. 规定时间
----- Shall we meet next week
----- Yes, let’s make it next Sunday.
----- 下星期我们碰一次头好吗？
----- 好的，让我们约定下星期日吧。
Let’s make it 8:30. Is that all right for you
我们定在8:30吧。这对你合适吗？
b. 成功，做到，赶上
----- You have just 15 minutes to get your train.
----- All right, I guess I can make it.
----- 你只有一刻钟的时间去赶这班火车了。
----- 没关系，我想我赶得上。
You can’t make it to the other shore in this weather.
We’re too late. I don’t think we’ll make it.
我们太晚了，我看赶不上（参加某活动了）。
We had hoped to get to the meeting, but we found at the last minute that we couldn’t make it.
我们原来是希望赶上开会的，但最后几分钟我们发现赶不上了。
（9）make out：
a. 写出，填写，开列
make out a cheque
Make out a list of books
b. 理解，了解，弄清
I can’t make out the meaning of this passage.
我不能理解这段文章的意思。
c. 勉强看出，看出，听出，辨别出
I can’t make out his handwriting.
我认不出他的字迹。
I make out a bamboo thicket over there.
我隐约看见那边有一片竹林。
d. 对… 形成看法（或意见）
How do you make that out
你是怎样看那事的？
（10）make … out of 用…制造
She made a skirt out of the material.
她用这种料子做了一条裙子。
（11）make full / better /no use of
（12）make the best of 充分利用（时间、机会等）
（13）make up:
a. 弥补
make up missed lessons补课
b. 编造
make up a dialogue / story
c. 组成
Three stories make up the whole book.
d.（给…）化装
She was slightly made up.
她稍稍涂了一点脂粉。
（14）make up for补偿，弥补
make up for lost time补偿失去的时间
make up for a mistake 补救失误
（15）make a call to sb :给某人打一个电话
（16）make / do / carry out an experiment 做实验
（17）make it +adj / n + that…
We must try to make other people’s experience our own.
我们应当设法使别人的经验成为自己的经验。
I made it a condition that everybody must be present.
我提出条件，人人都要出席。
（18）make oneself known / understood / heard / seen
（19）make ends meet 使收支相抵，
（20）make fun of = laugh at
（21）make it a rule to do sth 把做某事作为一种惯例
（22）make room / space / way for 给…让地 / 路
They moved to another house to make room for the old lady.
他们搬到另一栋屋里,给新来的人腾地方。
（23）make sure / certain + 从句
（24）make up one’s mind(s) to do sth.
Move (名词：movement)
移动，搬动，走动
“Move along, please!” said the conductor.
“请往里走！”公共汽车售票员说。
Don’t move, or I’ll shoot.
2、感动，激起
be deeply moved by
These moving words voiced the common feeling deep in the hearts of all our martyrs.
这些感人的语言表达了我们所有的烈士内心深处的共同感情。
phrases
(1) move away
(2) move on
(3 )move to
occur
1.发生
Don’t let the mistake occur again 不要这种错误再次发生
2.出现,被发现,存在
These plants occur in Africa only.这些植物只在非洲才有.
3.被想到
A flesh idea occurred to him他想到一个新主意
Offer
1、(主动)提出做某事
offer to do sth
2、表示愿意（作某事）
offer to help sb 表示愿意帮助某人
3、提出，提供
They all came to offer congratulations.
他们都来表示祝贺。
Xiao Yang offered a suggestion.
小杨提出了一个建议。
4、提供物，供给物，提议
make an offer of help / support / food 表示愿给以帮助（支持、食物）
accept / refuse an offer 接受 / 拒绝建议（或给予物）
▲ 表示“提供”的词：
give
offer
provide
supply
Owe
1.
owe sb. much money
I owe you for your help.
I owe a great deal to my parents.
2.
He owes his success to good luck.
Pick
1、摘，采
2、拿，取，选择
phrases
（1）pick one’s way
(2) pick out
a. 选出，拣出
pick out the best ping-pong players
选出最好的乒乓球运动员
b. 区别出，辨别出，看出
pick out an old friend in a crowd
在人群中认出一位老朋友
c. 领会
pick out the meaning of a poem
领会一首诗
(3) pick up
a. 捡起，拾起
b.（跌倒后）使（自己）爬起
He slipped and fell, but quickly picked himself up.
他失足滑倒，但马上就站了起来。
c.（偶然地、无意地）获得（收益、生计、知识、消息等），学会（语言）
pick up some knowledge of physics
偶然获得一些物理知识
pick up a foreign language
（未经听课等）学会一种外语
在无线电里收听到
pick up the programs
车辆等中途搭人，中途带货
e. 恢复健康
A bite of something might pick you up.
吃一点东西也许能使你振作起来。
He is beginning to pick up.
他的健康正在渐渐地恢复。
f. 收拾、整理
pick up tools 收拾工具
pick up a room整理房间
（4）pick the pocket 扒窃别人的衣袋
have one’s pocket picked某人的口袋被扒窃了
Press（名词：pressure）
1、压，按，
press the phone buttons
2、熨平
press a shirt
3、挤，夹，压
My shoes press （against）my feet.
4、新闻报道
the press: [总称]报刊，出版界 / 社，通讯社
He is on the press.
他在报界工作。
Produce（名词：producer, product, production）
1、生产，创造，制造
produce cars
2、产生，引起
produce side effect 产生副作用
Their efforts produced no result.
他们的努力没有产生结果。
Our work has produced fruit.
我们的工作有了成果。
3、上演，演出
They produced a new play last week.
上星期他们上演了一个新戏。
Put
1、放，摆，使处于特定位置（状态，顺序）
put the needs of one’s children first / before everything else
把孩子的需要放在第一位
2、投掷，发射
put a satellite into orbit
把人造卫星射入轨道
3、投入，运用
put emphasis on teaching spelling
重视拼写教学
4、使受到，使遭遇
put sb to death
处某人死刑
5、写上，标上，注上
put a tick against a name
在名字上打上记号
6、说，表达，翻译
put one’s feelings in words
用言语表达感情
put an article into English
把一篇文章译成英语
I can’t put the idea into words.
我没法把这意思用语言表达出来。
7、使做某事，使从事
put oneself to the study of medicine
开始学医
put one’s mind to a problem
开始思考问题
phrases
(1) put ahead
拨快（钟表）的指针
b. 提前
(2) put aside
a. 把 …… 放在一边，撇开
b. 储存 …… 备用
c. 不考虑
(3) put away
a. 把 …… 收起放好，
储存……备用
处理掉，抛弃，放弃（想法）等
(4) put back
a. 把 …… 放回原处，
b. 向后移，拨慢（钟表）的指针
put back the clock将时钟倒拨
c. 推迟，
(5) put behind
延误，拖延
(6) put by
a. 把 …… 放在一旁，
b. 储存 …… 备用
(7) put down
a. 放下
b. 平定，镇压
put down a rebellion镇压叛乱
c. 写下，记下 …… 的姓名
(8) put forward
a. 把 …… 拿出来给人看，提出（理论、意见等），建议
b. 把（时针等）向前拨
c. 把 . . 提前
(9) put in
a. 放进，使伸入
b. 插话
“Well done,” put in Uncle Wang.
王大叔插话说：“说得对”。
(10) put into
a. 把 …… 放进，使 ……进入（状态）
b. 把 …… 翻译成 ……
(11) put into practice实行/ 执行
How are you going to put the plan into practice
这个计划你们打算怎样实现？
The most important thing is to put our theories into practice.
最重要的是把我们的理论付实行
(12) put off
a. 推迟，延期（= delay）
put off a meeting till Saturday
Don’t put off until tomorrow what can be done today.
今天可以做的事情不要拖到明天。
b. 关上（灯，电等）
c. 脱掉，去掉
put off one’s coat
put off one’s doubts / fears
摆脱疑虑 / 惊恐
(13) put on
a. 穿上，戴上
b. 上演
put on performances
c. 把 … 放在 … 上，把 … 附着在 … 上
put a stamp on the envelope
在信封上贴上邮票
d. 增加，添上，提供
put on weight
e. 拨快
put the clock on an hour
把时钟拨快一小时
f. 打开（灯，无线电等）
Let’s put the light / radio on.
把灯 / 收音机打开。
(14) put out
a. 使熄灭, 扑灭
b. 生产
Last year the factory put out over six million records.
去年这个厂出了600多万张唱片。
The products they put out are of very good quality.
他们的产品质量很高。
c. 出版
They put out fifty new books last season.
上一个季度他们出了50本新书。
They are constantly putting out new works.
他们不断出版新作品。
d. 熄灭，关掉
put out light / gas
关掉电灯 / 煤气
(15) put through 为 … 接通电话，接通电话
Put me through to the repair shop, please.
请接修理车间。
Your call has been put through.
你要的电话接通了。
If this man rings up for me again, don’t put him through.
要是这个人再给我打电话，不要给他接过来。
Put me through to 89-1903.
某人打/拨通电话: get through
(16) put together
a. 把 …… 放在一起，把 …… 加起来
You two had better put your heads together.
你们两最好商量一下。
b.使构成整体，装配，组合
put one’s thoughts / ideas together
整理思路
(17) put up
a. 举起，抬起，架起
Put your hands up.
举起手来。
They put up 7 kilometers of lines in 13 days.
13天之中，他们架起了7公里的电线。
b. 安装
We’ll have a telephone put up in the office.
我们将在办公室装一个电话。
c. 盖起，修建，搭建
They put up many tall buildings last year.
他们去年盖了许多高楼。
They are putting up several new houses on our street.
我们这条街上正在盖几栋新房子。
Let’s put up a shed here for the time being.
我们暂时在这里搭一个棚吧。
d. 张贴，挂
We’d better put up a notice about it.
关于这件事，我们最好出一个通知。
e. 为 …… 提供食宿，接待
They put up at a small hotel for a couple of nights.
他们在一家小旅馆住了一两夜。
Can you put me up tonight
你今晚能留我在这里住吗？
(18) put up with 忍受
I’m afraid we’ll have to put up with the loss.
恐怕我们只好忍受这个损失。
They just could not put up with such people.
他们简直无法忍受这种人。
(19) put sb to the trouble of doing sth 使 …… 处于做某事的麻烦之中
I don’t want to put you to the trouble of changing a large note.
Reach
抵达，到达，达到
伸出（手肢等）
He reached his hand (out )for the book.
他伸手拿那本书。
伸手（或脚等）及到，够到
Can you reach the top shelf
你伸手能够到最上面的架子吗？
达到，延伸
Our campus reaches down to the river.
我们的校园一直延伸到河边。
5、（肢等）伸出，伸手（或等），够到，伸手取（for）
reach out for the dictionary
I can’t reach so high.
6、达成，得出
We’ve got to reach an agreement about this question.
对这个问题，我们一定要达成协议。
This is the conclusion they reached.
这就是他们得出的结论。
Once a decision is reached, it must be firmly carried out.
一旦做出决定，就应当坚决执行。
phrase
out of one’s reach
Read
阅读
learn how to read and write
朗读，读 …… 的作品
read out a statement宣读声明
看懂，辨识，觉察
He reads English, but doesn’t speak it.
他看得懂英语，但不会讲。
The child can read the clock now.
孩子现在会看钟了。
read one’s mind
看出某人的心思
4、读到，获悉
He read the news only yesterday.
他昨天才读到这条新闻的。
5、读作，内容是
The full text reads as follows: … .
全文如下：……
The meter reads 10 therms.
The clock read 12:00.
phrases
(1) read aloud朗读
(2) read back重复，重述
(3 )read between the lines看出字里行间的意思
We tried to read between the lines.
我们捉摸字里行间的意思。
They could read between the lines that she was a little homesick.
从字里行间他们可以看出她有点想家。
(4) read out 把 …… 念出来，读出来
The girl read out her lesson clearly.
这女孩儿清楚地念着课文。
(5) read over看一遍
The editor read over the manuscript.
编辑把稿子看了一遍。
Read out your written work before handing it in.
笔头作业先看一遍再交。
(6) read through看完
We read it through but could make no sense of it.
我们一直看到结尾，但是看不懂是什么意思。
She opened the letter and read it through twice.
她拆开信看了两遍。
(7) read up (on)攻读，研究
I believe he has started reading up on anthropology.
我看他已开始钻研人类学了。
You’d better read the subject up.
你最好读些有关这题目的书。
As I’ve never paid much attention to the subject, I’ll have to read up on it.
我过去对这问题从没注意过，因此我得看点这方面的资料。
Ring (rang, rung)
How long has that telephone been ringing 电话响了多久了？
Start work when the bell rings.铃响时就开始工作。
A short rang out.听到一声枪响。
His words rang hollow.他的话听起来似乎不诚恳。
His words rang true. 他的话听起来似乎是真的。
The coin rang true/false.这硬币听声音是真的。
She rang for the porter.她按铃叫门房。
Did you ring, sir 是你按铃叫我的吗，先生？
Someone is ringing at the door.有人在按门铃。
The children’s playground rang with happy shouts.孩子们的游戏场上响着快乐的呼喊声。
The village rang with the praises of the brave girl.村子里人皆称道那个勇敢的女孩子。
His last words are still ringing in my ears.他的遗言仍留在我耳际。
My ears are still ringing.我的耳中仍有鸣声。
The bell rings the hours, but not the quarters.那钟是每小时响，不是每刻钟响。
Ring out the old year and ring in the new.鸣钟送旧岁迎新年。
give sb. a ring 打电话
ring sb. (up) 打电话
ring off挂断电话
Require
Sb. require (sb.) to do
Sth.require doing/to be done
需要，需求
These young seedlings will require looking after carefully.这些幼苗需要细心照料。
Require help需要帮助
2.要求，命令
The emergency require that it should be done.情况紧急，非这样做不可。
I’ll do all that is required of me. 凡是要我做的，我一定做到。
I’m required immediately to report to the headquarters.要我立即向司令部报道。
They required that I (should) go at once.他们要我立刻去。
Rise (rose, risen)
起身，起立，起床 rise with the sun 早起
2．腾起
The horse rode on its hind legs.马用后腿站起。
The horse rose to a fence.马遇栅栏扬蹄跃起。
3．升起，上升
The sun rises. 太阳升起
The barometer is rising.气压计在升高。
As the curtain rises, the stage is empty.幕起时，台上空无一人。
4．（声音，嗓音）提高，变响，发出
His voice rose in excitement.他激动锝声音响起来了。
Laughter rose from the crowd.人群中发出大笑声。
5．（感情）激烈，激动，欢腾
His anger rose at the remark.听到那话他怒火升起
Receive
1．收到，接收
receive a letter
Received from/of … the sum of 500 yuan.今从 … 处收到500元整。
Receive instructions from higher authorities.接到上级指示。
2．得到，受到
Receive support from sb.
得到某人的支持。
Receive much acclaim from the audience博得观众的喝彩。
Receive severe punishment.遭到严厉的惩罚。
Receive a mortal wound受到命伤。
3．接受，接纳，承认，听取
He would not receive her as his son’s wife.他不承认她是他的儿媳。
4．接待，接见，欢迎
Receive foreign guests接待外宾
These new books on science are favourably received.这些新的书籍很受欢迎。
5．容纳，承受
The new auditorium can receive 4000 people.
6．（无线电）接收
Are you receiving me 你听到我了吗？
Remove
1. 移动，搬开，调动
Remove the family to the seashore.把家搬到海边。
Kindly remove the dishes.请把碗盏端走。
Remove the troops to the front.把部队调往前线。
remove a lid揭开盖子。
2. 脱掉，去掉，消除
remove one’s hat脱帽
remove the dirt去掉灰尘
remove sb’s doubts消除某人的遗虑
remove a name from a list从名单上除名
remove the causes of disease消除疾病的根源
3．使离去，把…免职，撤去
be removed from office被免职
remove sb. from school把某人从学校开除
remove a military base撤除军事基地
4. 除掉，杀掉，暗杀
Sell(sold, sold)
1．卖，出售，经售，经销
sell sb. sth.
sell sth. at a bargain廉价出售某物
Sell goods by retail零售货物
2．出卖，背叛，牺牲
Sell one’s country卖国
Sell one’s honour出卖荣誉
3．使卖出，促进…销路，向某人推销
The good quality sells our goods.我们的货物因质量好而畅销。
John invited the customer to dinner so that he could sell him.
约翰请那顾客吃饭以便向他推销货物。
4．宣传，说服，使接受
sell sb. on an idea(on a political party)说服某人接受某一建议（某一政党的观点）
5．欺骗，使失望
I have been sold.我被欺骗了。
Sold again.又上了一次当。
Vt.
1．卖出，出售，有销路，具有售价（for, at）
Sell well.销路广
An item that doesn’t sell.没有销路的货物
The dictionary sells for 50 yuan.这本词典售价50元。
Sell at three for a yuan.按每元3个出售。
2．被接受
Do you think the idea will sell 你认为这个意见会被广泛接受吗？
phrases
sell off廉价出售
sell out售完，出售货物
The new products were sold out in a few days.
sell up卖光
Send（sent, sent）
send along发送，派遣
We’ll send the goods along immediately. 我们将立即把货发出去。
send away发送掉，把…打发走，解雇
send back 退还，送还
send down 把…向下发送，使下降
send for 派人去叫，召唤，遣人去拿Send for the doctor please.
send in 呈报，递出，递（名片）等，送…参加比赛
The coach sent two players.教练员送两名运动员上场参加比赛。
7．send off 寄出，发出，派遣，解雇
8．send out发送出，派遣send out a letter of invitation发出请柬
放出,长出(树叶等)散发出(香味等)
9.send up发出，射出，长出 send up a rocket发射火箭
Ship(shipped, shipping)
vt.1.把……装上船
用船运，装运，运送
Ship machines from Shanghai to Tianjin
Ship goods by train.
3.在舷侧进水
The boat shipped a good amount of water.船里进了大量的水。
vi.1．上船，乘船
2.乘船旅行，航行
3.在船上供职ship as a bosun 在船上当水手长
ship off遣送，送
ship out(使)（乘船）离开，送走；离职，解雇
Spread(spread)
vt.1.伸开，展开，铺开，摊开
The bird spread its wings.鸟儿伸开翅膀。
Spread out a map/newspaper. 摊开地图/报纸
2.传播，散布，分布，使扩大曼延开去
spread news(scientific knowledge) 传播消息（科学知识）
spread diseases(rumours) 散布疾病(谣言)
spread one’s political influence扩大政治影响
涂，敷，撒，施
spread jam on bread在面包上涂果酱。
把…分期完成，使延续
spread out the payments on the loan over eighteen months.
在18个月内分期还清付款
vi.1.展开，扩大，伸展，伸长，延长
A scene of prosperity spreads out before us.欣欣向荣的景象展现在我们面前。
The course spreads over one year.这门课程一年时间学完。
2．传开，蔓延，（液体）流向四处
The fire spreads quickly.火势迅速蔓延。
Spend 花时间，花钱，度过(一段时间)
She spent half her money on clothes.
All her wages had been spent for medicine.
She spent the afternoon in washing the windows and the floors.
This year I was fortunate enough to spend this holiday in a village there.
耗费，用完
He spent great effort to help us. 他费了很大劲来帮助我们。
Stand
1. 站，（把某物）立于（某处）， 处于（某种状况），有时后面跟形容词（过去分词或介词短语），忍受
stand at attention(at ease) 立正（稍息）着
make one’s hair stand on end 使某人毛骨悚然
a ladder standing agaist the wall 靠墙放着的梯子
stand still 站着不动
stand first on the honour list 在光荣榜上名列第一
I can’t stand that fellow. 我不能容忍那家伙。
stand wear and tear 耐磨损
2. 坚持，维持原状，继续有效
stand firm 屹立不动
The house will stand another century. 这幢房子还可维持一个世纪
The order issued last week still stands. 上星期发布的命令仍然有效。
3. 使站立，竖放
stand the pole here . 把杆子竖在这儿
stand aside 站开，让开
stand back 退后，靠后站
stand by 和…站在一起，支持；站在旁边，袖手旁观；
Don’t just stand by. Can you lend me a hand
stand for 代表，象征：主张，支持。
We stand for self-reliance 我们是主张自力更生的。
stand on one’s legs
stand out 突出
stand up to 勇敢面对
stand up to the enemy
See
1. 看见，查看，游览，看出，发现；理解，认为；陪，送；听凭，任凭；
see sb. moving 看见有人走动
see you 再见
see a play 看戏
see sb. home 送某人回家
We wouldn’t see you go all alone. 我们不能让你一个人去。
2. 注意，当心；
See that you don’t catch cold.
当心别伤风。
wait and see 等着瞧
as far as I can see 就我能理解的说来
phrases
seeing (that) 鉴于…， 由于…
Seeing that he is ill, we will do the work for him. 既然他病了，我们来替他做这件事。
see sb off
see to it that 要注意使， 务必使，保证使
See to it that the door is locked.
you see,（用作插入语）你瞧， 你是知道的
There, you see, the rain has stopped.
Strike (struck, struck/ stricken) vt.&vi.
1. 打， 击；咬伤；（疾病）侵袭；报时；（船）触；（光）落在；打动，感动，给人以……印象；罢工
strike the nail with a hammer
A bullet struck him dead.
be struck by a snake
He was struck with fever.
The clock is striking four.
The ship struck a rock.那艘船只触礁了。
strike a match
What struck me most was the drive of the masses.给我印象最深的是群众的干劲。
be on strike 在罢工
Take
1. 拿，攻取； take (up )a book
take sb by the hand 拉住某人的手
2. 抓，捕；
take sb at a disadvantage 抓住某人的把柄
3. 拿走；夺去（生命）； take one’s life
4. 得到；获得；take a day off 请一天假
5. 就（座）；take a seat
6. 接受；take one’ advice
7. 买下； I’ll take this cap.
8. 服药；
9. 利用，采用；
take your time. 别忙，慢慢来
10. 乘；
11. 花费；
phrases
take sth away ,
take back 收回
take back one’s words收回某人的话
take down 拿下，记下
take sb for 误认为
take in 接受，欺骗 get rid of the stale and take in the fresh 吐故纳新
be taken in by sb 被某人所欺骗
take on 呈现；雇佣；承担
take on a new look
be ready to take on heavy responsibilities 乐于跳重担
take sth for granted 想当然
take to 开始，从事于， take to studying English
take up 拿起，开始从事于，占去时间等
Think
think about 思考
think over 仔细考虑
think up
think of 想到，想起
think aloud 自言自语
think out
think twice 重新考虑
think well of …
think better of…
Throw
1. 投，掷
He throws the matches to him.
throw a glance at sb. 对…看上一眼
2. 发射，射 throw a satellite into space
3. 摔倒 throw sb to the ground
4. 匆匆穿上，匆匆脱下 throw on(off) a coat
5. 伸四肢
throw one’s chest out 挺起胸来
throw one’s head back with laughter 仰首大 笑
6. 投射throw light on sth
throw down 扔下 throw off仍掉 throw oneself into 投身于，积极从事于 throw up抛起，举起,呕吐
within a stone’s throw在一箭之远
Turn
1. 转动，旋转 The wheel of history cannot be turned back. .
2. 使朝向，使转变思想 turn one’s head away turn one’s steps homewards
3. 使颠倒，倾倒turn a bottle of milk into the pot
4.兑换，翻译， turn coins into paper money
5. 求助，求教 turn to sb for help
6. 翻转 turn to page 4
7. 转而反对 turn against sb
the turn of the centuries 两个世纪交替之时
turn on, turn off, turn up, turn down ,turn in, turn away, turn to
turn inside out
turn one’s pocket inside outside 把口袋翻出来
Use
1. 使用 learn to use a dictionary
2. 运用，发挥
use one’s brains
use all one’s efforts 作出一切努力
3. 利用
use every opportunity
phrases
It is no use doing . 做……没用
make use of 利用
come into wide use 开始被使用
of no use 没用
Work
1. 工作
2. 使工作，使干活
The landlord almost worked the farmhands to death.
She is working herself dead tired.
3. 通过努力取得
work one’s way through a crowd 挤过人群
4. 创造，引起，造成，后面常跟wonder, miracle, trouble, mischief等
phrases
work on
work out
at work
out of work
高考英语动词搭配的命题特点
随着高考命题由知识型向能力型的转化，对英语常用动词搭配（包括短语动词）的考查方式也日趋灵活多样。因此复习备考时针对动词搭配这一考点要活跃思维，提高解题能力。通过对近年来高考试题的研究，可以发现高考对此考点的命题主要体现在以下几个方面：
??1．多在具体的语境中进行考查短语动词在常见句型结构中的灵活运用以及考查常用短语动词之间意义的辨析，常考的动词有call，get，give，look，make，put，turn等。
??（1）NMET2000　The　manager　discussed　the　plan　that　they　would　like　to　see　______　the　next　year．
??A．carry　out??B．carrying　out??C．carried　out??D．to　carry　out
??该题考查了动词搭配“carry　out　the　plan”在“see＋宾语＋过去分词”结构中的变异运用，将“the　plan”充当定语从句的先行词，然后考查考生能否识别出来是上述结构的灵活变异，故此应选C。又如：
?NMET2000（春）?—It's　a　good　idea．But　who's　going　to　______the　plan？
?—I　think　Tom　and　Greg　will．（B）
??A．set　aside??B．carry　out??C．take　in??D．get　through
??（2）NMET’98?Nobody　noticed　the　thief　slip　into　the　house　because　the　lights　happened　to______．
??A．be　put　up??B．give　in??C．be　turned　on??D．go　out
??该题中出现了四个常用动词搭配，反映了命题者想考查考生对短语动词或动词搭配的综合掌握能力，命题设计精致巧妙，据题意分析可知“碰巧灯灭了”而“go　out”又能表示“（a　fire　or　light）　to　stop　burning　or　shining熄灭”之意，故该题应选D。
??（3）NMET’97?She　______his　number　in　the　phone　book　to　make　sure　that　she　had　got　it　right．
??A．looked　up??B．looked　for??C．picked　out??D．picked　up
?该题考查了四个常见动词短语之间的辨析，由题意可知应选A。常形成这样的动词搭配“to　look　up　a　word　in　the　dictionary；to　look　up　the　information／the　message／the　number／the　time…”等。类似的高考命题还有：
??NMET’95?I　can　hardly　hear　the　radio．Would　you　please______？（C）
??A．turn　it　on??B．turn　it　down??C．turn　it　up???D．turn　in　off
??MET’93?Readers　can______　quite　well　without　knowing　the　exact　meaning　of　each　word．（C）
??A．get　over??B．get　in??C．get　along??D．get　through
??MET’92?I　really　don't　want　to　go　to　the　party，but　I　don't　see　how　I　can　______it．（B）
??A．get　back　from??B．get　out　of??C．get　away??D．get　off
??2．考查常见动词与名词，冠词或副词的搭配情况
??（4）NMET’97?If　by　any　chance　someone　comes　to　see　me，ask　them　to　leave　a　______．
??A．message??B．letter??C．sentence??D．notice
??该题考查了常用动词leave所形成的搭配“to　leave　a　message（留口信）”，故选A。
??（5）NMET’96?We　decided　not　to　climb　the　mountain　because　it　was　raining　______．
??A．badly??B．hardly??C．strongly??D．heavily
?该题考查了常用动词“rain”所形成的固定搭配“rain　hard／heavily／cats　and　dogs”，故应选D，类似的高考命题又如：
??NMET’94?Here's　my　card．Let's　keep　in______．（A）
??A．touch??B．relation??C．connection??D．friendship
??（6）MET’93?We've　missed　the　last　bus．I'm　afraid　we　have　no　______but　to　take　a　taxi．
??A．way??B．choice??C．possibility??D．selection
?该题因出现了常用的动词固定搭配“have　no　choice　but　to　do　sth．（除做…外别无选择）”，故选B。又如：
??MET’92?We　have　worked　out　the　plan　and　now　we　must　put　it　into　______．（C）
??A．fact??B．reality??C．practice??D．deed
??（7）MET’91?Alexander　Graham　Bell　invented　______telephone　in　1876．
??A．不填??B．a??C．the??D．one
??该题考查了动词搭配“invent　the＋名词”，故此题选C。该动词搭配在高考中曾三次命题测试其搭配。如：
??MET’89?It　is　well　known　that　Thomas　Edison　______the　electric　lamp．（A）
??A．invented??B．discovered??C．found??D．developed
??MET’93?Charles　Babbage　is　generally　considered　______the　first　computer．（C）
??A．to　invent??B．inventing??C．to　have　invented??D．having　invented
??3．考查动词搭配中基本动词的特殊用法或常用动词形成固定搭配时的用法
??（8）NMET’98?Cleaning　women　in　big　cities　usually　get　______　by　the　hour．
??A．pay??B．paying??C．paid??D．to　pay
??该题考查了动词“get”所形成的特殊搭配，即“get＋过去分词”，如get　lost，get　married，get　changed，get　dressed；get　paid等，故应选C。
??（9）NMET’96?______in　thought，he　almost　ran　into　the　car　in　front　of　him．
??A．Losing??B．Having　lost??C．Lost??D．To　lose
??该题考查了固定搭配“lose…in　thought（陷入沉思）”，故应选C。同理又如：
??MET’91?The　speaker　raised　his　voice　but　still　couldn't　make　himself　______．（D）
??A．hear??B．to　hear??C．hearing??D．heard
??MET’90?______more　attention，the　trees　could　have　grown　better．（A）
??A．Given??B．To　give??C．Giving??D．Having　given
??（10）MET’93?The　captain______　an　apology　to　the　passengers　for　the　delay　caused　by　bad　weather．
??A．made??B．said??C．put??D．passed
??该题考查了常用动词“make”形成的固定搭配“make　an　apology　to　sb．（向某人道歉）”，故应选A。同理又如：
??MET’93?If　no　one______the　phone　at　home，ring　me　at　work．（C）
??A．returns??B．replies??C．answers??D．receives
高考英语高频动词 第1页