名词
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课件21张PPT。2008年高三英语总复习语法部分：（一） 名 词 Unit 1
名 词 (Nouns)名词普通名词专有名词可数名词不可数名词个体名词:集体名词：teacher, bookfamily, team物质名词：water, air 抽象名词：happinessTom, Chinathe United Nations考点一、可数名词1). + -s books, desks, boys2). -s,-x,-ch , -sh , +-es bus→buses,watch→watches,box→boxes, brush→brushes
but:stomach→stomachs,
table-cloth→table-cloths.3). -o + -s/-esa) radios, zoos, bamboos, photos, pianos, kilos , tobaccos b) tomatoes, heroes, potatoes, 4). 辅音字母+y →-ies lady→ladies,factory→factories, country→countriesbut: toy→ toys, Henry→ Henrys 5). –f/-fe→-ves life→lives,leaf→leaves,wife→wives, knife→knivesbut:belief→beliefs,chief→chiefs, gulf→gulfs,cliff→cliffs， roof→roofs,proof→proofs, safe→safes6). 不规则变化 a). man →men, woman→women, foot→feet, child→children, mouse→mice, b). goose→geese, ox→oxen, phenomenon→phenomena c). sheep, deer, means, fish, aircraft, works, species, yuan, jiao, d). goods, glasses, compasses, clothes, trousers e). Chinese, Japanese, Swiss 7). 复合名词的复数 son-in-law→sons-in-law, looker-on→lookers-on, passer-by→passers-by, go-between→go-betweens, grow-up→grow-ups man teacher→men teachers boy student→boy students, a sports car, a tomato field8). 有些单词常以复数形式出现在句子中 a). _________on your success.
b). Send my________ to your family.
c). Many happy________ of the day.
d).The instructions are on the bottle.
e). With best________.
f). Many ______to you for helping me.
g). It is good______ to do sth.
h). He is in high_______.Congratulationsregardsreturnswishesthanksmannersspirits考点二、不可数名词advice , furniture , clothing , fun, rubbish ,information , paper（纸），sugar, work(工作），fruit , harm, news, progress, traffic, trouble, weather, water, rice, snow, knowledge, honesty, homework, housework, luggage/ baggage(行李），wealth…
1.暴风雨对那个地区造成了很大的破坏。 The storm has caused much damage to the region.2. 在过去的几年里，他的英语取得了很大的进步。In the past few years, he has made rapid progress in English.考点三、名词数的转化win success获得成功 a success一个(件)成功的人(事) win honor赢得荣誉
an honor一个(件)引以为荣的(事)Failure(失败)is the mother of success a failure失败者 by experience靠经验
an experience一次经历 youth青春
a youth一个青年人 with pleasure乐意 a pleasure乐事 1)2)抽象名词与a(an)连用，淡化了抽象概念，转化为似乎可以体验到的动作、行为或类别。如：A knowledge of English is a must in international trade.
Would you like to have a walk(swim, bath, talk)with me?
My life in England is an unforgettable experience.
It is a waste of time reading such a novel.
She made an apology to her mother for her wrong doings.3)有些物质名词以复数形式出现，表示数量之多，范围之广。如： The boy burst into tears at the bad news.
The rising waters did a lot of harm to the crops.
The stone bridge broke down in heavy rains.paper纸→papers报纸文件;
light光→lights灯;
time时间→times时代;
work工作→works著作
forces(军队),/ arms (武器）， brains(智力), glasses(眼镜), goods(货物), regards(问候), sands(沙漠), spirits(精力), waters(急流), woods(树林), customs(海关), manners(礼貌) 考点四、名词所有格1、表示有生命的东西的名词,所有格一般在名词后加’s, 其构成如下: 1). my brother’s bag
2). the workers’ club
3).Engels’ / Engels’s works
4). her son-in-law’s photo
5).Jane and Mary’s room
Jane ’s and Tom’s trousers
6).at Mr. Green’s, to my uncle’s
at the barber’s2. 表示无生命的东西的名词,通常采用 of + 名词的结构来表示所属关系. the gate of the school,
the window of the room3.有些表示时间、距离、国家、城市、团体、机构等无生命东西的名词，也可以加 ’s来构成所有格。 today’s newspaper
ten minutes’ walk China’s industry
the station’s waiting room
4. 双重所有格 a photo of my brother’s
a photo of my brother
a few friends of Tom’s
that car of Liming’s考点五、名词的搭配用法1. make friends with
2. shake hands with
3.have words with
4. have a word with
5. put … into practice / use
6. take steps
7. take action
8. take measures
9. make a bed ( change / decision / difference/ face / trip / discovery )
10. make tea / coffee / progress 强化训练一、用说给单词的适当形式填空
１．Wealth , works, writers
2.traffic
3. helpful advice
4.heroes
5. thieves , knives , safes,
6. feet, Germans Frenchmen 7. time, products , times
8.Dicken’s Luxun’s
9. butcher’s meat
10. sister’s father’s
11. minutes’
12. cold, hunger, deaths
13.actions words
14. sheep grass leaves
15. pleasure a pleasure
名 词 (Nouns)名词普通名词专有名词可数名词不可数名词个体名词:集体名词：teacher, bookfamily, team物质名词：water, air 抽象名词：happinessTom, Chinathe United Nations考点一、可数名词1). + -s books, desks, boys2). -s,-x,-ch , -sh , +-es bus→buses,watch→watches,box→boxes, brush→brushes
but:stomach→stomachs,
table-cloth→table-cloths.3). -o + -s/-esa) radios, zoos, bamboos, photos, pianos, kilos , tobaccos b) tomatoes, heroes, potatoes, 4). 辅音字母+y →-ies lady→ladies,factory→factories, country→countriesbut: toy→ toys, Henry→ Henrys 5). –f/-fe→-ves life→lives,leaf→leaves,wife→wives, knife→knivesbut:belief→beliefs,chief→chiefs, gulf→gulfs,cliff→cliffs， roof→roofs,proof→proofs, safe→safes6). 不规则变化 a). man →men, woman→women, foot→feet, child→children, mouse→mice, b). goose→geese, ox→oxen, phenomenon→phenomena c). sheep, deer, means, fish, aircraft, works, species, yuan, jiao, d). goods, glasses, compasses, clothes, trousers e). Chinese, Japanese, Swiss 7). 复合名词的复数 son-in-law→sons-in-law, looker-on→lookers-on, passer-by→passers-by, go-between→go-betweens, grow-up→grow-ups man teacher→men teachers boy student→boy students, a sports car, a tomato field8). 有些单词常以复数形式出现在句子中 a). _________on your success.
b). Send my________ to your family.
c). Many happy________ of the day.
d).The instructions are on the bottle.
e). With best________.
f). Many ______to you for helping me.
g). It is good______ to do sth.
h). He is in high_______.Congratulationsregardsreturnswishesthanksmannersspirits考点二、不可数名词advice , furniture , clothing , fun, rubbish ,information , paper（纸），sugar, work(工作），fruit , harm, news, progress, traffic, trouble, weather, water, rice, snow, knowledge, honesty, homework, housework, luggage/ baggage(行李），wealth…
1.暴风雨对那个地区造成了很大的破坏。 The storm has caused much damage to the region.2. 在过去的几年里，他的英语取得了很大的进步。In the past few years, he has made rapid progress in English.考点三、名词数的转化win success获得成功 a success一个(件)成功的人(事) win honor赢得荣誉
an honor一个(件)引以为荣的(事)Failure(失败)is the mother of success a failure失败者 by experience靠经验
an experience一次经历 youth青春
a youth一个青年人 with pleasure乐意 a pleasure乐事 1)2)抽象名词与a(an)连用，淡化了抽象概念，转化为似乎可以体验到的动作、行为或类别。如：A knowledge of English is a must in international trade.
Would you like to have a walk(swim, bath, talk)with me?
My life in England is an unforgettable experience.
It is a waste of time reading such a novel.
She made an apology to her mother for her wrong doings.3)有些物质名词以复数形式出现，表示数量之多，范围之广。如： The boy burst into tears at the bad news.
The rising waters did a lot of harm to the crops.
The stone bridge broke down in heavy rains.paper纸→papers报纸文件;
light光→lights灯;
time时间→times时代;
work工作→works著作
forces(军队),/ arms (武器）， brains(智力), glasses(眼镜), goods(货物), regards(问候), sands(沙漠), spirits(精力), waters(急流), woods(树林), customs(海关), manners(礼貌) 考点四、名词所有格1、表示有生命的东西的名词,所有格一般在名词后加’s, 其构成如下: 1). my brother’s bag
2). the workers’ club
3).Engels’ / Engels’s works
4). her son-in-law’s photo
5).Jane and Mary’s room
Jane ’s and Tom’s trousers
6).at Mr. Green’s, to my uncle’s
at the barber’s2. 表示无生命的东西的名词,通常采用 of + 名词的结构来表示所属关系. the gate of the school,
the window of the room3.有些表示时间、距离、国家、城市、团体、机构等无生命东西的名词，也可以加 ’s来构成所有格。 today’s newspaper
ten minutes’ walk China’s industry
the station’s waiting room
4. 双重所有格 a photo of my brother’s
a photo of my brother
a few friends of Tom’s
that car of Liming’s考点五、名词的搭配用法1. make friends with
2. shake hands with
3.have words with
4. have a word with
5. put … into practice / use
6. take steps
7. take action
8. take measures
9. make a bed ( change / decision / difference/ face / trip / discovery )
10. make tea / coffee / progress 强化训练一、用说给单词的适当形式填空
１．Wealth , works, writers
2.traffic
3. helpful advice
4.heroes
5. thieves , knives , safes,
6. feet, Germans Frenchmen 7. time, products , times
8.Dicken’s Luxun’s
9. butcher’s meat
10. sister’s father’s
11. minutes’
12. cold, hunger, deaths
13.actions words
14. sheep grass leaves
15. pleasure a pleasure