向高考宣战[下学期]
图片预览
文档简介
课件125张PPT。向 高 考 宣 战一、听力篇 要求学生听懂有关日常生活、文化教育、风土人情、传说、时事、科普等等简短的对话或讲话；掌握所听材料的主旨和大意，以及用以说明主旨和大意的事实和细节；能理解具体事实和表面意思，也能初步理解深层次的含义，并能根据所听材料进行简单推理，如推测对话或讲话的时间、地点、讲话人的身份、关系及态度等。考纲要求（一）测试要点（ 1）领略主旨大意，概括话题内容 （ know about the main idea）
What are the two speakers talking about？
What are the two speakers doing ？
What is the talk/dialogue about？
What ‘s the passage mainly about?
What’s the topic of the passage?
(2)、获取具体事实，把握信息联系（understand the detailed factual information）When should Susan go to meet Professor Brown?
What is wrong with the girl?
What is the woman’s house number?
On which day will the Japanese Music Concert be held?
How many thing did the salesman show to the buyer?
What’s the man’s job now?
How does the man pay for the tickets?
(3).推测谈话背景，地点及判断人物身份之间的关系（infer the background and speakers’ relationship）Where did the conversation most likely take place?
Where are the two speakers talking?
Where does this conversation take place?
Who do you think Tom probably is ?
What’s the probable relationship between the two speakers?
Who is the speak?
（4）领会弦外之音，理解观点意图（grasp the speakers’views,intention,and attitude）What does the woman mean?
What does the speaker want to tell us?
What can we know about the man?
What can we learn from the speakers/conversation
/story?
What is the most probable result of the conversation?
Which of the following words best describes the
day the speaker had? 1、 培养预测习惯
（二）听力技巧2、合理安排时间3、抓住关键词4、培养 “速记”1、培养预测习惯： 听力理解并不是“被动”地接受。而应当是“主动”与听力卷面上文字内容（非录音内容），即每小题的题干与所给的三个选项进行“交流”即对已知的信息进行快速地分析，加工和预测。具体的方法是，考生在拿到卷子之后和放录音之前，一般会有3分钟左右的阅卷时间。考生可利用这段时间立即静心进入角色，快速略读所有的问题和下设的三个选项加工处理信息，预测对话和短文内容大意，建构信息网络，争取主动 。
例如你读到：
Where does this conversation take place?
A. In a store B. In a job interview
C. In a museum
你就应想到在商店里（营业员和顾客之间）;在工作面试时（雇主和被面试人员之间）;在博物馆（工作人员和参观者之间）人们一般会交谈什么内容。
例如你读到：
What is the relationship between the speakers?
Neighbors B. Boss and employee
C. Doctor and patient
从三个选项中考生应预测谈话人之间的内容，说话的语气和谈话的地方，从这些方面去考虑，能帮助考生快速抓住信息，选出正确答案。
注意： 第一小节的5个小题可适当阅读地慢一点，记牢一点，因为录音只播放一遍，后面的15题如看不完可留一些，因为后面每段录音播放二遍，考生有一定的回旋余地。2、合理安排时间： 否能合理安排时间对第一小节中的5个简短对话尤为重要。在第一节中，两段对话之间的间隔时间为10秒。科学的时间安排是5秒钟选出听到的录音的那一题答案，还有5秒钟是浏览，思考下一题，为做好下一题做好充分的心理准备并把已知信息输入脑中，眶入眼中，做好捕捉录音材料中相应信息的准备。 没听懂时的对策： 如果没有听懂原文，那么对该题越早放弃越好，绝不可慌张，以免影响做下面试题的情绪。否则做下面试题时会格外紧张，心慌意乱，忙中出错，即使简单的题目也可能造成失误，唯一补救的方法是遵循以往的命题原则，猜一个选项还有25%的得分机会。3、抓住关键词：善于分析判断已知 信息 如：What are the two speakers talking about?
A. A football player B. A football team
C. A football match
A项指足球运动员，录音中一定会出现运动员的名字或代词he或she或有关他/她的射门或奖项等。B项指足球队，录音中一定会出现该队的名字与哪支队的比赛，或有关这队的成绩等。C项指足球赛，录音中一定会出现足球赛的时间、地点等相关信息。
W：Do you know that Michael Owen has
won the France football golden ball prize?
M：Not so surprised, he had twenty goals in this season.
在听录音中我们捕捉到 Michael Owen 人名，won…..prize 得奖；他进了20个球等关键信息。这些信息都是针对运动员，所以本题的正确选项为A. A football player
听力理解要善于抓住话题，借助大脑中存储的有关话题的背景知识，结合听到的信息快速进行预测，修正和验证。
4、培养 “速记” 本领。对于篇幅较长，难度较大的对话或独白，考生要培养在听力测试中“速记”的本领。“速记”不是听写，而是用最快的方式写下一个单词或一、二个数字，以便在第二次听录音时根据问题和选项进行校对和修正，确定选项。 例如：
Good evening. Tonight the main news is about the bad weather we are having. Storms are reported in all parts of the country. In the north, the main road near Glasgow are blocked by trees. In the south, heavy rains and storms are reported. ……. 1. Why are many roads closed in the north?
A. Because of heavy rain
B. Because of strong winds
C. Because of fallen stones from mountains
————√—————做好听力考生应做到以下六点： 1.调整心态、克服紧张情绪, 静心、从容、自信。
2.抓紧时间，迅速浏览试题和选项，做到对所听材料心中有数。
3.理顺关系、合理预测。
4.对照问题和选项，速记相应的重要信息。
5.复听时及时核对和修正。
6.合理安排时间，果断选择，决不优柔寡断，留给下一题充足的准备时间。
二、单项填空（一）语法和词汇知识部分的命题特点1、高考必考的考点有：冠词、代词、动词时态、动词辨析、情态动词、非谓语动词、状语从句以及交际用语等。2、高考常考的考点有：形容词、副词、介词、名词性从句、定语从句、动词短语及语序等。（二）法和词汇知识题的解题思路1.阅读题干，理解题干的意思并找出测试点。
2.阅读选项，并依据测试点将选项逐一放到题干中进行检验。
3.将与题干意思及测试点不相符的选项去掉。
4.将保留的答案选项重新放到题干中进行检验，以保证该答案为最佳的一项。1、调整语序
The film brought the hours back to me __ I was taken good care of in that far-away village.(2001)
A．until B. that C．When D．whereC2、变疑问句为陈述句
Is this research center__ you visited the modern equipment last year?
A．Where B．that
C．The one that D．The one whereD3、变动语态为主动语态 Information has been put forward __ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.(2001 Shanghai ) A．which B．that C．When D．asB4、把主从复合句变为两个句子
We are living in an age__ many things are done on computer.(2003 Beijing)
A．Which B．That C．Whose D．when D5、忽略插入语
Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, __ of course, made the others unhappy.(2000)
A．Who B. which C. this D .what B6、勿受思维定势的干扰，不凭感觉做题。
It was October___ they finally came back to their hometown
A．when B．that
C．what D．untilA三、完形填空一、命题特征1、短文题材2.考查内容3.考查角度、趋势1、短文题材： 2.考查内容1.语言知识的掌握2.对文章语境的理解3.逻辑推理能力（1）考查考生对语言知识的掌握 (以05年的福建题为例)（2）考查考生对文章语境的理解 四个选项的词性大都相同或属于同一
范畴，干扰项的设置与语法结构无关，重
在文意干扰。考生选择答案需要逾越句子
层次，结合文章的上下文，选择最佳选项，
体现了语篇的命题思路。 （3）考查考生的逻辑推理能力 这类试题考查考生对短文的整体理解，考查考生对上下文或段落的衔接手段的理解分析，考查考生的逻辑思维与判断推理能力，其设题范围体现在对副词、并列连词或从属连词等的选择方面。
3.考查角度、趋势 情景意义选择为主，语法选择填空较少 二、完形填空解题技巧解题技巧抓住主旨透析文章理清逻辑解题步骤通读寻思路精读选答案复读纠错误第一步：通读—抓住主旨—通读寻思路 善于抓住最能表现文章中心内容的启示性的关键句子、词语，即情节发展的线索（如人物、时间、地点、事件、原因、经过、结果等），理解作者要表达的观点、态度。特别提醒：▲不通读，从而不明主旨，背题而去，得分 率极底。遵循两个原则：整体性和连贯性第二步：精读—透析文章—精读选答案 细读全文，按文章前后顺序结合备选答案，边读、边分析、边推断正确选项（即文中空格）进行分析。这时既要掌握全文的核心内容，又要了解本句在全文中的位置。捕捉与小题有关的信息点，分析备选答案的词汇意义，挑选出本句意思所需要的、又能体现文章主题的词语，从而选出最佳答案。坚持“词不离句，句不离文”的原则。第三步：复读—理清逻辑—复读纠错误 快速浏览全文，全方位多角度地核实答案，看行文是否流畅，内容是否连贯，逻辑是否合理，以便于改正一些较明显的错误。第三步的复读尤为重要。可以说，不复查、不读第三遍就等于放弃了纠正错误的机会。
尊重“第一印象”的原则 三、解题思路1.从词汇的意义及用法去考虑2.从惯用法、搭配角度考虑3.从逻辑推理、常识等角度考虑4.从上下文的角度考虑5.运用排除法（1）从词汇的意义及用法去考虑 When Ed first phoned and 37 we play,
I laughed quietly,… (NMET2003)
37. A. declared B. mentioned
C. persuaded D.suggested √（2）从惯用法、搭配角度考虑 …, I wanted to write about that, but I
wanted to 45 it down simply for my own
joy. ( NMET2004 )
45. A. settle B. put C. take D. let
√（3）从逻辑推理、常识等角度考虑 His big stomach has always ballooned out
between his T-shirt and trousers. Although the
family often 43 about that, Ed refused to buy a
44 T- shirt or to lose weight ( NMET2003 )
43. A. cared B. forgot C. quarreled D. joked
44. A. clean B. larger C. straight D. darker
√√（4）从上下文的角度考虑 Never had I eaten spaghetti, and 40 of
the grown-ups had enough experience to
be good at it. ( NMET2004 )
40. A. none B. one C. each D. neither√（5）运用排除法 When the score was 16 up. I was having serious 52 about staying alive until 21 years old, let alone score that many points ( NMET2003 )
52. A.thoughts B.doubts
C.situations D. problems√四、阅读理解（一）阅读理解短文特点 “阅读理解”部分的五篇短文涵盖了记叙文、说明文和应用文等多种体裁，涉及人物、故事、社会、文化、政治、经济、科普、新闻和广告等多种题材。（二）阅读理解解题小技（1） 根据应试经验，可以先做广告或新闻报道类的应用文篇目。应用文阅读属于信息性阅读，主要目的在于获取某方面的信息，其试题大多数是客观性较强的表层理解题，比较容易直接在文章中找到答案。然后再做人物、故事类的记叙文，这类篇目中既有客观性较强的表层理解题，也有主观性较强的深层理解题，需要较多的时间进行推理、判断。最后，做科普类的说明文，因为这类篇目中的生词量相对较大，句式较复杂，需要用更多的时间完成相关的题目。 不同类型的文章最好采用不同的解题方法。读应用文或记叙文时，可以先阅读题目，带着问题阅读，多注意细节，如时间、地点、人物、或数据等。读科普类说明文时，可先通读全文，把握文章大意，注意区别哪些是主要论点或主题句，哪些是论据或阐述。（二）阅读理解解题小技（2）（三）阅读理解设题方式1）The general idea of the passage is about ____．
2）The main idea of the article is ____．
3）The main purpose of this selection is ____．
4）The passage suggests that ____．
5）Which of the following best states the theme of the passage？
6）In this passage the author discusses primarily ____．
7）The passage is mostly about ____． 1.主旨大意题的提问方式：主旨大意题的提问方式：8）The passage is mainly concerned about ____．
9）Which of the following best states the main idea of the passage？
10）What is the main point made in the passage？
11）What is the main topic of the passage？
12）What is the best title for the passage？
13）Which of the following is the main topic of the passage？
14）From the passage we may conclude that ____
15）This article mainly tells about the story of ____
16）The subject discussed in this text is _____ 细节类问题的命题方式:1)Which of the following is NOT true according to the information in the passage?
2) Which of the following is mentioned in the passage?
3) What is the example of . . . as described in the passage?
4) The author mentions all of the following except__.
5) The reason for . . .is . . .
6) The author states that . . .
7) According to the passage, when (where, why, how, who, etc. ) ...
8)From the passage we know that ______.细节类问题的命题方式:9)In the passage, the author states that ______.
10)The writer mentions all of the items listed below except_____.
11)Which of the following statements is correct according to the passage?
12)Which of the following statement is NOT true?
13)When did the author begin to ___?
14)Who was the first one to tell the story?
15)From the text, we learn that______?
判断词语的涵义的设题方式:1）The underlined word（phrase）in the passage means ____．
2）The word "it（them）"in the first paragraph refers to ____．
3）The underlined sentence in the last paragraph means ____．
4）Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word in the second paragraph？
5）What does（do）the underlined word
（words）refer to？
推理的试题类型：1) It can be inferred from the text that ______.?
2) From the text we know that ______.?
3) The story implies that ______.?
4) The paragraph following the passage will most probably be ___.
5) The writer’s attitude toward...is ______.?
6)The author implied（suggested）that.．．
7)We can infer from the passage that．．．
推理的试题类型：8)It may be concluded from the passage that．．．
9)Which of the following statements does the passage support？
10)According to the passage, which of the following is true(false)？
11)With which of the following does the author agree？
12)What does the passage say about．．．？
作者观点态度的提问方式有： 1) What is the author’s attitude towards _______. 2) In the passage the author’s attitude towards "……" is ______. 3)The author seems to think that ______. 4)The writer is trying to present a point of view in ______. 5)The author wants to appeal to _______ . 6)The author’s style is ______ . 7)The author’s tone would be best described as _______
8)What is the author’s opinion of ______?
9)The writer believe that________?
10) What is the author's main purpose in the passage?
11) The main purpose of writing this text is_______?
12）In the author's opinion_________?
作者观点态度的提问方式有：在解主题大意时，以下方法可供参考。
1.认真阅读文章的第一段或每段的第一个句子。
2.文章的主题作者往往有意识地反复论述。
3.文章或段落的主题句常常会出现在一些标志性的提示后
例如：On the whole , in short, therefore…
I agree with the opinion that…
Given all these points above , I would support the idea that…
For all the reasons mentioned above ,I would prefer…
掌握了找主题句的方法，就可以依据主题句归纳主题归纳主题容易出现以下三种错误:1．以偏概全。即只抓住了主题的一个侧面就误以为是主题。
2．过于笼统。即归纳的主题太泛，与细节脱节或是没有对细节加以充分论证。
3．把观点强加给作者。读者往往根据自己的常识对文章进行判断而忽视了作者的见解。
理解作者态度(attitude)或语气(tone): 关键在于把握作者对全文主体事物(与主题有关)或某一具全事物的态度。表达作者态度——褒义、中性和贬义的手段主要有
1)加入形容词定语；2)加入副词状语；3)特殊动词。
英语中有些动词也表明说话者的正负态度，
如：fail(未能)、ignore(忽视)、overestimate(估计过高)等动词表示一种负态度。
由上可知，确定作者态度，可以有两种思路：
1、问全文主体事物的(包括主题)，可以根据阐述主题或有关主体事物的相关句中的形容词、副词或动词确定作者的态度；
2、如果问的是对某一具体事物的态度，则可以定位到具体相关句，然后确定答案。
（一）根据常识、经验猜生词
My parents went out and bought a new TV．That afternoon my father put an antenna on the roof so that we could watch the pictures on TV clearly．
根据经验，我们可以判断出“antenna"是电视机的"天线
The old man put on his spectacles and began to read．
根据常识，我们可以猜出“spectacles”的意思是“眼镜”
The door was so low that I hit my head on the lintel.
结合常识，我们可以猜出“lintel"的意思是"门上方的门框"。 判断词语的涵义的方法（二）根据上下文解释做出判断：1．根据文中的定义、解释猜生词 。
Skimming means looking over a passage quickly to get the main idea before you begin to read it carefully．
从所给的定义，我们可以猜出“Skimming”的意思是“快速阅读”或“略读”。
2．利用事例或解释猜生词 。例如：
The doctor is studying glaucoma and other diseases of the eye．
从other diseases of the eye可以判断出"glaucoma"指的是"一种眼睛疾病"。
3．利用重复解释的信息猜生词 。例如：
Mr. Smith always arrives home punctually，neither early nor late．
根据neither early nor late这一解释,可以推断出"punctually" 的意思是"准时地，守时地（三）利用标点符号和提示词猜测词义
One of the obstacles to false reading is vocalizing—saying the words to themselves in a low voice．
从破折号后的解释可猜出vocalizing指"低声对他们自己说"。
The early scientific study of chemistry，known as alchemy，grew up in Egypt in the first few centuries A．D．
alchemy是the early scientific study of chemistry，
即"早期化学研究"。（四）．根据同位关系进行判断： 阅读中出现一些难词，有时后面就是一个同位语，对前面的词进行解释，这种解释有时也用连词“or”连接。
（NMET2002，A篇）The "Chunnel"，a tunnel（隧道）connecting England and France，is now complete．此句中"a tunnel"是"chunnel"的同位语。因此，The "Chunnel"就是英法之间的海底隧道。
（五）根据转折或对比关系进行判断 根据上下句的连接词，如：but，however，otherwise等就可以看到前后句在意义上的差别，从而依据某一句的含义，来确定另一句的含义。
a）He has been getting better，but during the night his condition deteriorated．
该句的意思是“他的身体状况逐渐好转，可是夜间却又……”句中but提示我们deteriorated应是get better的反义词，因此可以大致确定该词的意思为"恶化"。
分号（；）也可以表示转折、对比或不相干的意义b）（NMET2002，E篇）原题第74题： What does the underlined word "hassle"（paragraph 1）probably mean？
A．a party designed by specialists
B．a plan requiring careful thought
C．a situation causing difficulty or trouble
D．a demand made by guests
通过上下句A child's birthday party doesn't have to be a hassle；it can be a basket of fun可以看出，hassle 和 a basket of fun肯定是近乎相反的意义。所以不难判断，答案为C。
(六) 根据因果关系进行判断 俗话说，“有因必有果，有果必有因”。根据原因可以预测结果，根据结果也可以找出原因。
（NMET2001，A篇）Biggest power failure in the city's history… All of our ice-cream and frozen foods melted．
后一句承接前一句，前一句的原因导致后一句的结果。根据因果关系，停电很可能导致冰淇淋和冷冻食品溶化，所以melted的词义应为"溶化"。
其他技巧：
1.文长题少
2.文短题多
3. 重点读段首句和段未句，看是否有主题句
4.问题要求解答案数字、人名、地名、时间
5. 抓关键词的办法
6.画下不懂的难句五、短文改错（一）短文改错的命题思路 将平时学生英语写作中常犯的各种典型错误更集中、更系统地整理出来，然后融入一篇内容较为浅显、题材较为轻松的文章中，设计成为一篇短文改错，旨在“考查考生在语篇中综合运用英语的准确性”。通过测试考生的阅读能力和发现、判断、纠正错误的能力来考查他们在词法、句法、语篇结构、惯用语以及行文逻辑等方面的综合运用能力（二） 短文改错方法和技巧1.通览全文，整体把握。
2.分清错误类型，做到心中有数。
（正确、错词、多词、缺词）
3.分行把关，分析判断。
Because Mary’s father was ill, 1.____
so she had to stay home and looked him. 2.____
4.既要保持平常心态，又要高度警觉。
5.运用英语逻辑思维，克服汉语习惯干扰。
6.复读全文，验证答案。Because^after六、书面表达写作能力要求灵活运用语法与词汇，组句成文，正确表达的能力；
审题准确、组织语言材料有序的能力；
能使用好适当的过度性词语使上下文承接有序，自然通顺的能力。书面表达试题的特点1.形式特点
《考试说明》把高考英语作文定义为100词左右的“情景表达”。情景包括目的、对象、时间、地点、内容等。提供情景的形式有图画、图表、提纲等。从近年高考全国卷及各省市卷看，情景提供的形式基本上以这三种形式为主流。2.题材特点 题材贴近现实生活；趋向当时社会热点、焦点问题；突出考查考生实际运用语言的能力，现实感强，情景逼真，易于动笔。2.体裁特点以记叙文、应用文为主评分范围与要求：分五档第五档（很好）：完全完成试题规定的任务（21-25）
第四档（好）：完全完成试题规定的任务，漏掉1、2 个次重点。（16-20）
第三档（适当）：基本完成试题规定的任务。（11-15）
第二档（较差）：末完成试题规定的任务。 （6-10）
第一档（差）：末完成试题规定的任务。 只能写出与所给要求内容有关的一些单词。 （1-5）
0分：末能传达读者任何信息。历年分值与要求五个步骤书面表达如何写？1、审题题材、人称、时态、要点2、以词及点：用一两个单词或短语写出每句 话的细节要点。3、联词成句：用联词成句的方法将上述要点 的词语扩展成句子。4、连句成文：①主语和谓语②背景（适当增加时间、地点条件等）③逻辑关系④开头与结尾⑤语篇衔接5、检查修改，规范抄写CCTV 广告 我国每年约生产450亿双一次性筷子
需要砍伐600万棵大树
一棵书的生态价值是其所造筷子价值的9倍 假如你是李华，请根据电视上的广告内容，用英语给China Daily 写信，引用广告中的事实，阐述树木（森林）对保持良好环境的重要性，列举生产一次性筷子对环境的危害，提出你的建议。注意：
1.词数100左右；信的格式已为你写好，不计入次数。
2.参考词汇：throwaway chopsticks 一次性筷子ecological value 生态价值Dear Editor，
We are astonished to learn from a CCTV ad that each year，
your sincerely，
Li Hua第一步:审题审体裁格式: 书信审内容要点：1.广告上的有关数据2.数木对保护环境的益处3.生产和使用一次性筷子的害处4.提出合理的建议列提纲内容
要点:1.The data
from ad 1. 15 billion produce2. 6million cut down 3.the ecological value
9 times 2. Trees’ rolesKeep a good environment3.its harmfulness1.destroy forest resources2.throw away ， burn ， pollute4.suggestiontake measures ，limit or stop ，第二步:意译注意点:1. 人称 (第三人称为主)2.动词的时态, 语态 (一般现在时为主)3.正确选用句型结构
可采用灵活多变的表达形式,不要 “硬译”.
遇到英语单词写不出,句子结构不会使用等
难于表达的情况时,可以换一种说法;只要意
思相同或相似即可.4.词(特别是实词)的正确表达:
注意英语的表达习惯,避免汉语式英语.第三步:连句成文恰当使用过渡词语和转承语,
增加文章的流畅度.高考书面表达评分标准把衔接和连贯作为
核心标准来要求的.之所以如此强调衔接和
连贯,是因为这是构成语篇的最基本的条件.第四步：修改There are 45 billions pairs of throwaway
chopstick produce in our country. A. There are 45 billion pairs of throwaway
chopsticks produced in our country. B. 45 billion pairs of throwaway
chopsticks are produced in our country. 2.there are 6 million big trees cut offA. There are 6 million big trees cut down.
B. 6 million big trees have to be cut down. 因为书面表达属于人工阅卷，其主观印象非常重要，因此，我们布局要合理，格式要正确，书写一定要漂亮，字体美观，不要过大，也不要过小。第五步：抄写2.图表作文
某学校对中学生课余活动进行了调查，
结果如下。请根据图表1提供的信息描述学生每天的课余活动，并针对图表2中任何一个数据中反映的情况写出你的一个看法。词数不少于60。
生词：图表chart
一、内容要点：
1. 图表1中六项活动及所用时间
2. 图表2中一个数据反映的情况
3. 自己的一个看法
二、说明：
1. 内容要点可用不同方式表达。
2. 对紧扣主题的适当发挥不予扣分。
The writing process.
A. What do you suppose the basic writing process of this essay should be ？
1）Have a correct understanding of the given information，and grasp the main idea；
2）Make a careful analysis of the information，ask yourself the questions
3）Write an outline；
4）Use the right technique of writing．
B. Questions over charts.
1. What is the main idea of chart 1 ?
the daily average amount of time； different after-class activities. 2. How long do the students
spend on their homework?
3. How much time does it
take them to watch TV?
46 minutes
93 minutes4.How much time do
Listening to music and working on the
computer take up ?
34 minutes and 30 minutes each
5. Do they have much time left for sports ?
25 minutes6. Do they still have time
for housework?
12 minutes7.Any comments on one of the data given in chart 2 ?
Little time for sports
8. Any suggestions ?
do more exercise
3. Join the phrases into sentence3. Join the phrases into sentence3. Join the phrases into sentence3. Join the phrases into sentence1. the daily average amount of time different after-class activities.
2. their homework
93 minutes
3.watch TV 46 minutes1.Chart 1 shows the daily average amount of time the students spend on different after-class activities.2. The students put the most time－93 minutes－into their homework, 3. watching TV takes up 46 minutes.. 4. listening to music
and working on the computer
34 minutes and 30 minutes each
5. for sports 25 minutes
6. housework
12 minutes 4. They put in about the same amount of time listening to music and working on the computer, 34 minutes and 30 minutes each.5. 25 minutes is spent on sports,6. 12 minutes goes into housework.
7 . chart 2 :
Little time for sports8. suggestions7. 10% of the time is taken up with sports activities8. encourage the students to do more exercise after class Chart 1 shows the daily average amount of time the students of the school spend on different after-class activities. The students put the most time－93 minutes－into their homework, and next in line is watching TV, which takes up 46 minutes. They put in about the same amount of time listening to music and working on the computer, 34 minutes and 30 minutes each. While 25 minutes is spent on sports, only 12 minutes goes into housework.
As is shown on Chart 2, only 10% of the time is taken up with sports activities. I think the school should encourage the students to do more exercise after class. This way, they may be healthier and more energetic. 1）认真分析图表的含义，弄清图表中所含的信息及不同信息间的关系；
2）确定文章的主题思想，构思出文章的基本框架，筛选出能说明图表主题思想的典型数据；
3）编列文章的提纲；
4）根据文章的提纲，将各段的提纲内容扩展成段落，然后将各个段落组成文章，注意段与段之间的衔接与过渡； 5）检查与修改。
写图表作文时，常采用三段式的谋篇方式。 文章的第一段往往分析图表中的数据变化反映什么问题或趋势，概述图表所揭示的信息。第二段分析造成这一问题或趋势的原因。第三段则展望未来的情况或提出解决问题的办法或建议。这一结构可以简单地表述为： 第一段：概述图表反映的主题思想 第二段：分析产生的原因 第三段：展望未来或提出方法或建议
为了配合国际动物周活动，一家英文杂志邀请各国
学生提供有关动物的故事。请根据下列六幅图画，用英语为该杂志写一篇故事。 bark: vi. & n. 吠叫
注意：
1、故事必须包括所有图画的内
容，可以适当增加细节，使
故事连贯。
2、词数100左右。（以93年高考题为例）3.图画作文仔细审题，找出主题 2. 认真阅读所给提示或图画，抓住所有细节，找出每幅 图画或每个句子的中心词。
3. 把中心词或词组扩展成句子。4. 把以上句子编排成一个段落，在必要的地方加入一些连接词或句子。5. 通读全文，仔细检查。五个步骤Picture 1:
go to work; take my sister and Ah FuPicture 2：be working;
play by the riverPicture 3pick a flower;
fall into the riverPicture 4bark;
jump into the riverPicture 5run to the river;
swim;
carry my sisterPicture 6praise3. 把中心词或词组扩展成句子。
(Extend the words and phrases to sentences.) ① go to work; take my sister and Ah Fu① One day my parents went to work in the fields
taking my little sister and Ah Fu along.② be working; play by the river② While they were working, my sister walked to
a river nearby. ③ pick a flower; fall into the river③ She was trying to pick a flower when she
fell into the river.④ bark; jump into the river ④ Ah Fu barked and jumped into
the river immediately.⑤ run to the river; swim; carry my sister⑤ When my parents heard Ah Fu barking they
ran to the river.They saw Ah Fu swimming
towards the bank carrying my little sister. ⑥ praise⑥ My parents praised Ah Fu warmly. 4. 把以上句子编排成一个段落，在必要的地方加入一些连接词或句子。 (Arrange these sentences in order, getting in some linking words where necessary.) 5. 通读全文，仔细检查。
(Read through the whole passage to make sure that no mistakes are made.) Model
My parents live in the country. They keep a dog called Ah Fu. One day my parents went to work in the fields taking my little sister and Ah Fu along. While they were working, my sister walked to a river nearby. Ah Fu followed there. She was trying to pick a flower when she fell into the river. Ah Fu barked and jumped into the water immediately. When my parents heard Ah Fu barking, they ran to the river. They saw Ah Fu swimming towards the bank carrying my little sister. My parents praised Ah Fu warmly. It was our brave Ah Fu who saved my little sister. Tip One适当运用关联词等使句子更为流畅。Tip Two 避免使用没有把握、不熟悉的词汇和句型，避免可以避免的错误⑤ My parents praised Ah Fu warmly. My parents patted Ah Fu on the head and
praised him for his bravery.
b. My parents were so glad that they patted
Ah Fu on the head and praised him.Tip Three3. 留心汉英表达差异, 避免中式英语。他健壮如牛。
a. He is strong like a cow.
b. He is strong like a horse
(as strong as a horse).Tip Four 书写必须工整,确保不犯拼写错误 (以避免丢冤枉分) 。I love you
See you.May you succeed
What are the two speakers talking about？
What are the two speakers doing ？
What is the talk/dialogue about？
What ‘s the passage mainly about?
What’s the topic of the passage?
(2)、获取具体事实，把握信息联系（understand the detailed factual information）When should Susan go to meet Professor Brown?
What is wrong with the girl?
What is the woman’s house number?
On which day will the Japanese Music Concert be held?
How many thing did the salesman show to the buyer?
What’s the man’s job now?
How does the man pay for the tickets?
(3).推测谈话背景，地点及判断人物身份之间的关系（infer the background and speakers’ relationship）Where did the conversation most likely take place?
Where are the two speakers talking?
Where does this conversation take place?
Who do you think Tom probably is ?
What’s the probable relationship between the two speakers?
Who is the speak?
（4）领会弦外之音，理解观点意图（grasp the speakers’views,intention,and attitude）What does the woman mean?
What does the speaker want to tell us?
What can we know about the man?
What can we learn from the speakers/conversation
/story?
What is the most probable result of the conversation?
Which of the following words best describes the
day the speaker had? 1、 培养预测习惯
（二）听力技巧2、合理安排时间3、抓住关键词4、培养 “速记”1、培养预测习惯： 听力理解并不是“被动”地接受。而应当是“主动”与听力卷面上文字内容（非录音内容），即每小题的题干与所给的三个选项进行“交流”即对已知的信息进行快速地分析，加工和预测。具体的方法是，考生在拿到卷子之后和放录音之前，一般会有3分钟左右的阅卷时间。考生可利用这段时间立即静心进入角色，快速略读所有的问题和下设的三个选项加工处理信息，预测对话和短文内容大意，建构信息网络，争取主动 。
例如你读到：
Where does this conversation take place?
A. In a store B. In a job interview
C. In a museum
你就应想到在商店里（营业员和顾客之间）;在工作面试时（雇主和被面试人员之间）;在博物馆（工作人员和参观者之间）人们一般会交谈什么内容。
例如你读到：
What is the relationship between the speakers?
Neighbors B. Boss and employee
C. Doctor and patient
从三个选项中考生应预测谈话人之间的内容，说话的语气和谈话的地方，从这些方面去考虑，能帮助考生快速抓住信息，选出正确答案。
注意： 第一小节的5个小题可适当阅读地慢一点，记牢一点，因为录音只播放一遍，后面的15题如看不完可留一些，因为后面每段录音播放二遍，考生有一定的回旋余地。2、合理安排时间： 否能合理安排时间对第一小节中的5个简短对话尤为重要。在第一节中，两段对话之间的间隔时间为10秒。科学的时间安排是5秒钟选出听到的录音的那一题答案，还有5秒钟是浏览，思考下一题，为做好下一题做好充分的心理准备并把已知信息输入脑中，眶入眼中，做好捕捉录音材料中相应信息的准备。 没听懂时的对策： 如果没有听懂原文，那么对该题越早放弃越好，绝不可慌张，以免影响做下面试题的情绪。否则做下面试题时会格外紧张，心慌意乱，忙中出错，即使简单的题目也可能造成失误，唯一补救的方法是遵循以往的命题原则，猜一个选项还有25%的得分机会。3、抓住关键词：善于分析判断已知 信息 如：What are the two speakers talking about?
A. A football player B. A football team
C. A football match
A项指足球运动员，录音中一定会出现运动员的名字或代词he或she或有关他/她的射门或奖项等。B项指足球队，录音中一定会出现该队的名字与哪支队的比赛，或有关这队的成绩等。C项指足球赛，录音中一定会出现足球赛的时间、地点等相关信息。
W：Do you know that Michael Owen has
won the France football golden ball prize?
M：Not so surprised, he had twenty goals in this season.
在听录音中我们捕捉到 Michael Owen 人名，won…..prize 得奖；他进了20个球等关键信息。这些信息都是针对运动员，所以本题的正确选项为A. A football player
听力理解要善于抓住话题，借助大脑中存储的有关话题的背景知识，结合听到的信息快速进行预测，修正和验证。
4、培养 “速记” 本领。对于篇幅较长，难度较大的对话或独白，考生要培养在听力测试中“速记”的本领。“速记”不是听写，而是用最快的方式写下一个单词或一、二个数字，以便在第二次听录音时根据问题和选项进行校对和修正，确定选项。 例如：
Good evening. Tonight the main news is about the bad weather we are having. Storms are reported in all parts of the country. In the north, the main road near Glasgow are blocked by trees. In the south, heavy rains and storms are reported. ……. 1. Why are many roads closed in the north?
A. Because of heavy rain
B. Because of strong winds
C. Because of fallen stones from mountains
————√—————做好听力考生应做到以下六点： 1.调整心态、克服紧张情绪, 静心、从容、自信。
2.抓紧时间，迅速浏览试题和选项，做到对所听材料心中有数。
3.理顺关系、合理预测。
4.对照问题和选项，速记相应的重要信息。
5.复听时及时核对和修正。
6.合理安排时间，果断选择，决不优柔寡断，留给下一题充足的准备时间。
二、单项填空（一）语法和词汇知识部分的命题特点1、高考必考的考点有：冠词、代词、动词时态、动词辨析、情态动词、非谓语动词、状语从句以及交际用语等。2、高考常考的考点有：形容词、副词、介词、名词性从句、定语从句、动词短语及语序等。（二）法和词汇知识题的解题思路1.阅读题干，理解题干的意思并找出测试点。
2.阅读选项，并依据测试点将选项逐一放到题干中进行检验。
3.将与题干意思及测试点不相符的选项去掉。
4.将保留的答案选项重新放到题干中进行检验，以保证该答案为最佳的一项。1、调整语序
The film brought the hours back to me __ I was taken good care of in that far-away village.(2001)
A．until B. that C．When D．whereC2、变疑问句为陈述句
Is this research center__ you visited the modern equipment last year?
A．Where B．that
C．The one that D．The one whereD3、变动语态为主动语态 Information has been put forward __ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.(2001 Shanghai ) A．which B．that C．When D．asB4、把主从复合句变为两个句子
We are living in an age__ many things are done on computer.(2003 Beijing)
A．Which B．That C．Whose D．when D5、忽略插入语
Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, __ of course, made the others unhappy.(2000)
A．Who B. which C. this D .what B6、勿受思维定势的干扰，不凭感觉做题。
It was October___ they finally came back to their hometown
A．when B．that
C．what D．untilA三、完形填空一、命题特征1、短文题材2.考查内容3.考查角度、趋势1、短文题材： 2.考查内容1.语言知识的掌握2.对文章语境的理解3.逻辑推理能力（1）考查考生对语言知识的掌握 (以05年的福建题为例)（2）考查考生对文章语境的理解 四个选项的词性大都相同或属于同一
范畴，干扰项的设置与语法结构无关，重
在文意干扰。考生选择答案需要逾越句子
层次，结合文章的上下文，选择最佳选项，
体现了语篇的命题思路。 （3）考查考生的逻辑推理能力 这类试题考查考生对短文的整体理解，考查考生对上下文或段落的衔接手段的理解分析，考查考生的逻辑思维与判断推理能力，其设题范围体现在对副词、并列连词或从属连词等的选择方面。
3.考查角度、趋势 情景意义选择为主，语法选择填空较少 二、完形填空解题技巧解题技巧抓住主旨透析文章理清逻辑解题步骤通读寻思路精读选答案复读纠错误第一步：通读—抓住主旨—通读寻思路 善于抓住最能表现文章中心内容的启示性的关键句子、词语，即情节发展的线索（如人物、时间、地点、事件、原因、经过、结果等），理解作者要表达的观点、态度。特别提醒：▲不通读，从而不明主旨，背题而去，得分 率极底。遵循两个原则：整体性和连贯性第二步：精读—透析文章—精读选答案 细读全文，按文章前后顺序结合备选答案，边读、边分析、边推断正确选项（即文中空格）进行分析。这时既要掌握全文的核心内容，又要了解本句在全文中的位置。捕捉与小题有关的信息点，分析备选答案的词汇意义，挑选出本句意思所需要的、又能体现文章主题的词语，从而选出最佳答案。坚持“词不离句，句不离文”的原则。第三步：复读—理清逻辑—复读纠错误 快速浏览全文，全方位多角度地核实答案，看行文是否流畅，内容是否连贯，逻辑是否合理，以便于改正一些较明显的错误。第三步的复读尤为重要。可以说，不复查、不读第三遍就等于放弃了纠正错误的机会。
尊重“第一印象”的原则 三、解题思路1.从词汇的意义及用法去考虑2.从惯用法、搭配角度考虑3.从逻辑推理、常识等角度考虑4.从上下文的角度考虑5.运用排除法（1）从词汇的意义及用法去考虑 When Ed first phoned and 37 we play,
I laughed quietly,… (NMET2003)
37. A. declared B. mentioned
C. persuaded D.suggested √（2）从惯用法、搭配角度考虑 …, I wanted to write about that, but I
wanted to 45 it down simply for my own
joy. ( NMET2004 )
45. A. settle B. put C. take D. let
√（3）从逻辑推理、常识等角度考虑 His big stomach has always ballooned out
between his T-shirt and trousers. Although the
family often 43 about that, Ed refused to buy a
44 T- shirt or to lose weight ( NMET2003 )
43. A. cared B. forgot C. quarreled D. joked
44. A. clean B. larger C. straight D. darker
√√（4）从上下文的角度考虑 Never had I eaten spaghetti, and 40 of
the grown-ups had enough experience to
be good at it. ( NMET2004 )
40. A. none B. one C. each D. neither√（5）运用排除法 When the score was 16 up. I was having serious 52 about staying alive until 21 years old, let alone score that many points ( NMET2003 )
52. A.thoughts B.doubts
C.situations D. problems√四、阅读理解（一）阅读理解短文特点 “阅读理解”部分的五篇短文涵盖了记叙文、说明文和应用文等多种体裁，涉及人物、故事、社会、文化、政治、经济、科普、新闻和广告等多种题材。（二）阅读理解解题小技（1） 根据应试经验，可以先做广告或新闻报道类的应用文篇目。应用文阅读属于信息性阅读，主要目的在于获取某方面的信息，其试题大多数是客观性较强的表层理解题，比较容易直接在文章中找到答案。然后再做人物、故事类的记叙文，这类篇目中既有客观性较强的表层理解题，也有主观性较强的深层理解题，需要较多的时间进行推理、判断。最后，做科普类的说明文，因为这类篇目中的生词量相对较大，句式较复杂，需要用更多的时间完成相关的题目。 不同类型的文章最好采用不同的解题方法。读应用文或记叙文时，可以先阅读题目，带着问题阅读，多注意细节，如时间、地点、人物、或数据等。读科普类说明文时，可先通读全文，把握文章大意，注意区别哪些是主要论点或主题句，哪些是论据或阐述。（二）阅读理解解题小技（2）（三）阅读理解设题方式1）The general idea of the passage is about ____．
2）The main idea of the article is ____．
3）The main purpose of this selection is ____．
4）The passage suggests that ____．
5）Which of the following best states the theme of the passage？
6）In this passage the author discusses primarily ____．
7）The passage is mostly about ____． 1.主旨大意题的提问方式：主旨大意题的提问方式：8）The passage is mainly concerned about ____．
9）Which of the following best states the main idea of the passage？
10）What is the main point made in the passage？
11）What is the main topic of the passage？
12）What is the best title for the passage？
13）Which of the following is the main topic of the passage？
14）From the passage we may conclude that ____
15）This article mainly tells about the story of ____
16）The subject discussed in this text is _____ 细节类问题的命题方式:1)Which of the following is NOT true according to the information in the passage?
2) Which of the following is mentioned in the passage?
3) What is the example of . . . as described in the passage?
4) The author mentions all of the following except__.
5) The reason for . . .is . . .
6) The author states that . . .
7) According to the passage, when (where, why, how, who, etc. ) ...
8)From the passage we know that ______.细节类问题的命题方式:9)In the passage, the author states that ______.
10)The writer mentions all of the items listed below except_____.
11)Which of the following statements is correct according to the passage?
12)Which of the following statement is NOT true?
13)When did the author begin to ___?
14)Who was the first one to tell the story?
15)From the text, we learn that______?
判断词语的涵义的设题方式:1）The underlined word（phrase）in the passage means ____．
2）The word "it（them）"in the first paragraph refers to ____．
3）The underlined sentence in the last paragraph means ____．
4）Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word in the second paragraph？
5）What does（do）the underlined word
（words）refer to？
推理的试题类型：1) It can be inferred from the text that ______.?
2) From the text we know that ______.?
3) The story implies that ______.?
4) The paragraph following the passage will most probably be ___.
5) The writer’s attitude toward...is ______.?
6)The author implied（suggested）that.．．
7)We can infer from the passage that．．．
推理的试题类型：8)It may be concluded from the passage that．．．
9)Which of the following statements does the passage support？
10)According to the passage, which of the following is true(false)？
11)With which of the following does the author agree？
12)What does the passage say about．．．？
作者观点态度的提问方式有： 1) What is the author’s attitude towards _______. 2) In the passage the author’s attitude towards "……" is ______. 3)The author seems to think that ______. 4)The writer is trying to present a point of view in ______. 5)The author wants to appeal to _______ . 6)The author’s style is ______ . 7)The author’s tone would be best described as _______
8)What is the author’s opinion of ______?
9)The writer believe that________?
10) What is the author's main purpose in the passage?
11) The main purpose of writing this text is_______?
12）In the author's opinion_________?
作者观点态度的提问方式有：在解主题大意时，以下方法可供参考。
1.认真阅读文章的第一段或每段的第一个句子。
2.文章的主题作者往往有意识地反复论述。
3.文章或段落的主题句常常会出现在一些标志性的提示后
例如：On the whole , in short, therefore…
I agree with the opinion that…
Given all these points above , I would support the idea that…
For all the reasons mentioned above ,I would prefer…
掌握了找主题句的方法，就可以依据主题句归纳主题归纳主题容易出现以下三种错误:1．以偏概全。即只抓住了主题的一个侧面就误以为是主题。
2．过于笼统。即归纳的主题太泛，与细节脱节或是没有对细节加以充分论证。
3．把观点强加给作者。读者往往根据自己的常识对文章进行判断而忽视了作者的见解。
理解作者态度(attitude)或语气(tone): 关键在于把握作者对全文主体事物(与主题有关)或某一具全事物的态度。表达作者态度——褒义、中性和贬义的手段主要有
1)加入形容词定语；2)加入副词状语；3)特殊动词。
英语中有些动词也表明说话者的正负态度，
如：fail(未能)、ignore(忽视)、overestimate(估计过高)等动词表示一种负态度。
由上可知，确定作者态度，可以有两种思路：
1、问全文主体事物的(包括主题)，可以根据阐述主题或有关主体事物的相关句中的形容词、副词或动词确定作者的态度；
2、如果问的是对某一具体事物的态度，则可以定位到具体相关句，然后确定答案。
（一）根据常识、经验猜生词
My parents went out and bought a new TV．That afternoon my father put an antenna on the roof so that we could watch the pictures on TV clearly．
根据经验，我们可以判断出“antenna"是电视机的"天线
The old man put on his spectacles and began to read．
根据常识，我们可以猜出“spectacles”的意思是“眼镜”
The door was so low that I hit my head on the lintel.
结合常识，我们可以猜出“lintel"的意思是"门上方的门框"。 判断词语的涵义的方法（二）根据上下文解释做出判断：1．根据文中的定义、解释猜生词 。
Skimming means looking over a passage quickly to get the main idea before you begin to read it carefully．
从所给的定义，我们可以猜出“Skimming”的意思是“快速阅读”或“略读”。
2．利用事例或解释猜生词 。例如：
The doctor is studying glaucoma and other diseases of the eye．
从other diseases of the eye可以判断出"glaucoma"指的是"一种眼睛疾病"。
3．利用重复解释的信息猜生词 。例如：
Mr. Smith always arrives home punctually，neither early nor late．
根据neither early nor late这一解释,可以推断出"punctually" 的意思是"准时地，守时地（三）利用标点符号和提示词猜测词义
One of the obstacles to false reading is vocalizing—saying the words to themselves in a low voice．
从破折号后的解释可猜出vocalizing指"低声对他们自己说"。
The early scientific study of chemistry，known as alchemy，grew up in Egypt in the first few centuries A．D．
alchemy是the early scientific study of chemistry，
即"早期化学研究"。（四）．根据同位关系进行判断： 阅读中出现一些难词，有时后面就是一个同位语，对前面的词进行解释，这种解释有时也用连词“or”连接。
（NMET2002，A篇）The "Chunnel"，a tunnel（隧道）connecting England and France，is now complete．此句中"a tunnel"是"chunnel"的同位语。因此，The "Chunnel"就是英法之间的海底隧道。
（五）根据转折或对比关系进行判断 根据上下句的连接词，如：but，however，otherwise等就可以看到前后句在意义上的差别，从而依据某一句的含义，来确定另一句的含义。
a）He has been getting better，but during the night his condition deteriorated．
该句的意思是“他的身体状况逐渐好转，可是夜间却又……”句中but提示我们deteriorated应是get better的反义词，因此可以大致确定该词的意思为"恶化"。
分号（；）也可以表示转折、对比或不相干的意义b）（NMET2002，E篇）原题第74题： What does the underlined word "hassle"（paragraph 1）probably mean？
A．a party designed by specialists
B．a plan requiring careful thought
C．a situation causing difficulty or trouble
D．a demand made by guests
通过上下句A child's birthday party doesn't have to be a hassle；it can be a basket of fun可以看出，hassle 和 a basket of fun肯定是近乎相反的意义。所以不难判断，答案为C。
(六) 根据因果关系进行判断 俗话说，“有因必有果，有果必有因”。根据原因可以预测结果，根据结果也可以找出原因。
（NMET2001，A篇）Biggest power failure in the city's history… All of our ice-cream and frozen foods melted．
后一句承接前一句，前一句的原因导致后一句的结果。根据因果关系，停电很可能导致冰淇淋和冷冻食品溶化，所以melted的词义应为"溶化"。
其他技巧：
1.文长题少
2.文短题多
3. 重点读段首句和段未句，看是否有主题句
4.问题要求解答案数字、人名、地名、时间
5. 抓关键词的办法
6.画下不懂的难句五、短文改错（一）短文改错的命题思路 将平时学生英语写作中常犯的各种典型错误更集中、更系统地整理出来，然后融入一篇内容较为浅显、题材较为轻松的文章中，设计成为一篇短文改错，旨在“考查考生在语篇中综合运用英语的准确性”。通过测试考生的阅读能力和发现、判断、纠正错误的能力来考查他们在词法、句法、语篇结构、惯用语以及行文逻辑等方面的综合运用能力（二） 短文改错方法和技巧1.通览全文，整体把握。
2.分清错误类型，做到心中有数。
（正确、错词、多词、缺词）
3.分行把关，分析判断。
Because Mary’s father was ill, 1.____
so she had to stay home and looked him. 2.____
4.既要保持平常心态，又要高度警觉。
5.运用英语逻辑思维，克服汉语习惯干扰。
6.复读全文，验证答案。Because^after六、书面表达写作能力要求灵活运用语法与词汇，组句成文，正确表达的能力；
审题准确、组织语言材料有序的能力；
能使用好适当的过度性词语使上下文承接有序，自然通顺的能力。书面表达试题的特点1.形式特点
《考试说明》把高考英语作文定义为100词左右的“情景表达”。情景包括目的、对象、时间、地点、内容等。提供情景的形式有图画、图表、提纲等。从近年高考全国卷及各省市卷看，情景提供的形式基本上以这三种形式为主流。2.题材特点 题材贴近现实生活；趋向当时社会热点、焦点问题；突出考查考生实际运用语言的能力，现实感强，情景逼真，易于动笔。2.体裁特点以记叙文、应用文为主评分范围与要求：分五档第五档（很好）：完全完成试题规定的任务（21-25）
第四档（好）：完全完成试题规定的任务，漏掉1、2 个次重点。（16-20）
第三档（适当）：基本完成试题规定的任务。（11-15）
第二档（较差）：末完成试题规定的任务。 （6-10）
第一档（差）：末完成试题规定的任务。 只能写出与所给要求内容有关的一些单词。 （1-5）
0分：末能传达读者任何信息。历年分值与要求五个步骤书面表达如何写？1、审题题材、人称、时态、要点2、以词及点：用一两个单词或短语写出每句 话的细节要点。3、联词成句：用联词成句的方法将上述要点 的词语扩展成句子。4、连句成文：①主语和谓语②背景（适当增加时间、地点条件等）③逻辑关系④开头与结尾⑤语篇衔接5、检查修改，规范抄写CCTV 广告 我国每年约生产450亿双一次性筷子
需要砍伐600万棵大树
一棵书的生态价值是其所造筷子价值的9倍 假如你是李华，请根据电视上的广告内容，用英语给China Daily 写信，引用广告中的事实，阐述树木（森林）对保持良好环境的重要性，列举生产一次性筷子对环境的危害，提出你的建议。注意：
1.词数100左右；信的格式已为你写好，不计入次数。
2.参考词汇：throwaway chopsticks 一次性筷子ecological value 生态价值Dear Editor，
We are astonished to learn from a CCTV ad that each year，
your sincerely，
Li Hua第一步:审题审体裁格式: 书信审内容要点：1.广告上的有关数据2.数木对保护环境的益处3.生产和使用一次性筷子的害处4.提出合理的建议列提纲内容
要点:1.The data
from ad 1. 15 billion produce2. 6million cut down 3.the ecological value
9 times 2. Trees’ rolesKeep a good environment3.its harmfulness1.destroy forest resources2.throw away ， burn ， pollute4.suggestiontake measures ，limit or stop ，第二步:意译注意点:1. 人称 (第三人称为主)2.动词的时态, 语态 (一般现在时为主)3.正确选用句型结构
可采用灵活多变的表达形式,不要 “硬译”.
遇到英语单词写不出,句子结构不会使用等
难于表达的情况时,可以换一种说法;只要意
思相同或相似即可.4.词(特别是实词)的正确表达:
注意英语的表达习惯,避免汉语式英语.第三步:连句成文恰当使用过渡词语和转承语,
增加文章的流畅度.高考书面表达评分标准把衔接和连贯作为
核心标准来要求的.之所以如此强调衔接和
连贯,是因为这是构成语篇的最基本的条件.第四步：修改There are 45 billions pairs of throwaway
chopstick produce in our country. A. There are 45 billion pairs of throwaway
chopsticks produced in our country. B. 45 billion pairs of throwaway
chopsticks are produced in our country. 2.there are 6 million big trees cut offA. There are 6 million big trees cut down.
B. 6 million big trees have to be cut down. 因为书面表达属于人工阅卷，其主观印象非常重要，因此，我们布局要合理，格式要正确，书写一定要漂亮，字体美观，不要过大，也不要过小。第五步：抄写2.图表作文
某学校对中学生课余活动进行了调查，
结果如下。请根据图表1提供的信息描述学生每天的课余活动，并针对图表2中任何一个数据中反映的情况写出你的一个看法。词数不少于60。
生词：图表chart
一、内容要点：
1. 图表1中六项活动及所用时间
2. 图表2中一个数据反映的情况
3. 自己的一个看法
二、说明：
1. 内容要点可用不同方式表达。
2. 对紧扣主题的适当发挥不予扣分。
The writing process.
A. What do you suppose the basic writing process of this essay should be ？
1）Have a correct understanding of the given information，and grasp the main idea；
2）Make a careful analysis of the information，ask yourself the questions
3）Write an outline；
4）Use the right technique of writing．
B. Questions over charts.
1. What is the main idea of chart 1 ?
the daily average amount of time； different after-class activities. 2. How long do the students
spend on their homework?
3. How much time does it
take them to watch TV?
46 minutes
93 minutes4.How much time do
Listening to music and working on the
computer take up ?
34 minutes and 30 minutes each
5. Do they have much time left for sports ?
25 minutes6. Do they still have time
for housework?
12 minutes7.Any comments on one of the data given in chart 2 ?
Little time for sports
8. Any suggestions ?
do more exercise
3. Join the phrases into sentence3. Join the phrases into sentence3. Join the phrases into sentence3. Join the phrases into sentence1. the daily average amount of time different after-class activities.
2. their homework
93 minutes
3.watch TV 46 minutes1.Chart 1 shows the daily average amount of time the students spend on different after-class activities.2. The students put the most time－93 minutes－into their homework, 3. watching TV takes up 46 minutes.. 4. listening to music
and working on the computer
34 minutes and 30 minutes each
5. for sports 25 minutes
6. housework
12 minutes 4. They put in about the same amount of time listening to music and working on the computer, 34 minutes and 30 minutes each.5. 25 minutes is spent on sports,6. 12 minutes goes into housework.
7 . chart 2 :
Little time for sports8. suggestions7. 10% of the time is taken up with sports activities8. encourage the students to do more exercise after class Chart 1 shows the daily average amount of time the students of the school spend on different after-class activities. The students put the most time－93 minutes－into their homework, and next in line is watching TV, which takes up 46 minutes. They put in about the same amount of time listening to music and working on the computer, 34 minutes and 30 minutes each. While 25 minutes is spent on sports, only 12 minutes goes into housework.
As is shown on Chart 2, only 10% of the time is taken up with sports activities. I think the school should encourage the students to do more exercise after class. This way, they may be healthier and more energetic. 1）认真分析图表的含义，弄清图表中所含的信息及不同信息间的关系；
2）确定文章的主题思想，构思出文章的基本框架，筛选出能说明图表主题思想的典型数据；
3）编列文章的提纲；
4）根据文章的提纲，将各段的提纲内容扩展成段落，然后将各个段落组成文章，注意段与段之间的衔接与过渡； 5）检查与修改。
写图表作文时，常采用三段式的谋篇方式。 文章的第一段往往分析图表中的数据变化反映什么问题或趋势，概述图表所揭示的信息。第二段分析造成这一问题或趋势的原因。第三段则展望未来的情况或提出解决问题的办法或建议。这一结构可以简单地表述为： 第一段：概述图表反映的主题思想 第二段：分析产生的原因 第三段：展望未来或提出方法或建议
为了配合国际动物周活动，一家英文杂志邀请各国
学生提供有关动物的故事。请根据下列六幅图画，用英语为该杂志写一篇故事。 bark: vi. & n. 吠叫
注意：
1、故事必须包括所有图画的内
容，可以适当增加细节，使
故事连贯。
2、词数100左右。（以93年高考题为例）3.图画作文仔细审题，找出主题 2. 认真阅读所给提示或图画，抓住所有细节，找出每幅 图画或每个句子的中心词。
3. 把中心词或词组扩展成句子。4. 把以上句子编排成一个段落，在必要的地方加入一些连接词或句子。5. 通读全文，仔细检查。五个步骤Picture 1:
go to work; take my sister and Ah FuPicture 2：be working;
play by the riverPicture 3pick a flower;
fall into the riverPicture 4bark;
jump into the riverPicture 5run to the river;
swim;
carry my sisterPicture 6praise3. 把中心词或词组扩展成句子。
(Extend the words and phrases to sentences.) ① go to work; take my sister and Ah Fu① One day my parents went to work in the fields
taking my little sister and Ah Fu along.② be working; play by the river② While they were working, my sister walked to
a river nearby. ③ pick a flower; fall into the river③ She was trying to pick a flower when she
fell into the river.④ bark; jump into the river ④ Ah Fu barked and jumped into
the river immediately.⑤ run to the river; swim; carry my sister⑤ When my parents heard Ah Fu barking they
ran to the river.They saw Ah Fu swimming
towards the bank carrying my little sister. ⑥ praise⑥ My parents praised Ah Fu warmly. 4. 把以上句子编排成一个段落，在必要的地方加入一些连接词或句子。 (Arrange these sentences in order, getting in some linking words where necessary.) 5. 通读全文，仔细检查。
(Read through the whole passage to make sure that no mistakes are made.) Model
My parents live in the country. They keep a dog called Ah Fu. One day my parents went to work in the fields taking my little sister and Ah Fu along. While they were working, my sister walked to a river nearby. Ah Fu followed there. She was trying to pick a flower when she fell into the river. Ah Fu barked and jumped into the water immediately. When my parents heard Ah Fu barking, they ran to the river. They saw Ah Fu swimming towards the bank carrying my little sister. My parents praised Ah Fu warmly. It was our brave Ah Fu who saved my little sister. Tip One适当运用关联词等使句子更为流畅。Tip Two 避免使用没有把握、不熟悉的词汇和句型，避免可以避免的错误⑤ My parents praised Ah Fu warmly. My parents patted Ah Fu on the head and
praised him for his bravery.
b. My parents were so glad that they patted
Ah Fu on the head and praised him.Tip Three3. 留心汉英表达差异, 避免中式英语。他健壮如牛。
a. He is strong like a cow.
b. He is strong like a horse
(as strong as a horse).Tip Four 书写必须工整,确保不犯拼写错误 (以避免丢冤枉分) 。I love you
See you.May you succeed