“with+复合宾语”结构
请看NMET2000高考题：_____ the production up by 60％，the company has had another excellent year．
A．As B．For C．With D．Through
这道题的正确答案是C。句中的“With＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构作状语，表原因。全句的意思是：由于生产增长了60％，这家公司又迎来了一个丰收年。
“with ＋复合宾语”结构中的宾语补足语通常由介词短语、现在分词、过去分词、不定式、形容词、副词或名词充当。它在中学英语课本中多次出现，现将其构成与句法作用归纳如下：
“with ＋复合宾语”结构的一般构成：
with ＋宾语＋介词短语
English lessons are broadcast every day on the radio with explanations in English and other languages．
with ＋宾语＋现在分词
In parts of Asia you must not sit with your feet pointing at
another person．
with ＋宾语＋过去分词
He stood for an instant with his hand raised．他举着手站了一会儿。
with ＋宾语＋不定式
With so much homework to do，I can't go to the party
tonight．由于有这么多家庭作业要做，今天晚上我不能去参加晚会。
with ＋宾语＋形容词
He usually sleeps with the windows open even in
winter．即使在冬天，他也常常开着窗户睡觉。
with ＋宾语＋副词
One family lived in a house with very talltrees all round．
with ＋宾语＋名词
In the centre of London there is a tall white building with
the name“Bush House”．
“with ＋复合宾语”结构的句法作用：
作时间状语
With my homework finished（＝After I finished my homework），I
went fishing with my father．做完家庭作业后，我和爸爸去钓鱼了。
作条件状语
With everything considered（＝If everything is considered），his
plan is better than yours．全面考虑的话，他的计划要比你的好。
作原因状语
With his key missing（＝Because his key is missing），he had to
stay outside．由于钥匙丢了，他只得呆在外面。
作伴随状语
The girl stood there silently，with tears in her eyes（＝and
tears were in her eyes）．那个女孩默默地站在那儿，眼里噙着泪水。
作定语
Do you know the woman with a baby in her arms（＝who has a baby
in her arms）？你认识那位怀里抱着小孩的妇女吗？
课件27张PPT。英语总复习语法专项训练独立主格结构
常见类型及其用法 一、独立主格结构的构成形式
1、逻辑主语+V-ing
这种构成形式内部的逻辑主语是分词的动作执行者，分词表示的动作不是整句主语发出的动作，而是其逻辑主语发出的动作。如：
1).________no bus, we had to walk home.
A.There being B.Being
C.Having been D.There was
A2)_______no bus, we had to walk home.
A.As there being B.As there was
C.Being D.There was
3)_______Sunday, the library doesn't open.
A.Being B.There being
C.It being D.Having been
4)______Sunday, the library doesn't open.
A.As it being B.Being C.It is D.As it is B C D2、逻辑主语+V-ed
该构成形式内部的逻辑主语是分词的动作承受者。
1)_________, the train started.
A.The signal given B.Giving the signal
B.The signal being given
D.The signal giving
2)__________, the train started.
A.After having given the signal
B.After the signal given
C.Giving the signal D.After the signal was given A
D
3)______, the text became easier for
us to learn.
A.Explaining new words
B.New words explained
C.Being explained new words
D.Having explained new words
4)____, the text became easier for us to learn.
When new words were explained
Explaining new words
New words explaining
Being explained new words BA3、逻辑主语+形容词（副词）
该结构相当于一个未带动词的“主—系—表”结构。如：
1)___________, the patient can leave the hospital.
A.Better conditions B.Conditions better
C.Conditions are better
D.Being better conditions
2)_________, the patient can leave the hospital.
A.If better conditions B.If conditions better C.If conditions are better
D.Being better conditions BC3._____, we’d like to go outing.
A.Being Sunday B.Sunday OK
C.Sunday is OK D.If Sunday OK
4.______, we’d like to go outing.
A.If Sunday is OK B.Sunday being OK
C.Sunday OK D.A,B and C
5._____, you can wait a while.
A.The play being still on B.The play still on
C Being still on the play D.A and B
BDD6._____, you can wait a while
A.The play is still on B.The play being still on
C.As the play is still on D.The play still on
3).He left the office, _______.
A.tears being in eyes B.tears in eyes
C.being tears in eyes
D.with tears being in eyes
4).He left the office _______.
A.with tears being in eyes
B.with tears in her eyes
C.being tears in eyes D.tears being in eyes CBB二、独立主格结构在整句中可作以下成分：
1、原因状语
该结构在句中作原因状语时相当于一个as引导的一个原因状语从句。如：
1).________ no bus, we had to walk home.
A.There being B.As there was
C.There was D.A and B
2)._________Sunday, the library doesn't open.
A.It being B.As it is C.Being D.A and B
DD3._____, I had to ask for two days’ leave.
A.Mother being ill B.Mother ill
C.As mother was ill D. A,B and C
4.________, we have to work late into
the night.
A.The exam near B.The exam being near
C.As the exam is near D. A,B and C DD2、时间状语
独立主格结构作时间状语时相当于一个由
when, as soon as, after等引导的时间状语
从句。如：
1.________, the train started.
A.The signal given B.After the signal was given
C.Given the signal D.all the above
2.________, the text became easier for us to learn.
New words explained
B.When new words were explained
C.When teacher explained new words
D.all the above DD3、条件状语
独立主格结构作条件状语时可以改为由if引导的条件状语从句。如：
1).________, we'll go to visit the Great Wall.
A.Weather permitting B.If weather permits C.If permitting D.A and B
2.)_____, the patient will recover himself soon.
A.If the treatment is in time
B.The treatment in time
C.The treatment being in time
D.A,B and C DD
4、伴随状语
独立主格结构作伴随状语时相当于一个介词短语或并列谓语。如：
1).We have lessons every day, ________.
A.Sunday included B.Sunday including C.Sunday is including D.all the aboveA 2).Father came home,_________
A.a dog following him B. followed by a dog
C.being followed by a dog
D.all the above ．D分词、独立主格和“with + 复合宾语”作状语的区别
分词结构、独立主格结构、with + 复合宾语结构在句中均可作状语，其区别是这样的：
一、分词在句中作状语时句子的主语是分词的逻辑主语，即主句主语是分词的动作执行者（用现在分词）或动作承受者（用过去分词或现在分词被动式）。这种情况下的分词短语可以改为相应的状语从句或并列谓语。 分词短语在句中常作以下状语：
1、原因状语
1._______late, we had to walk home.
A.Being B.As we were
C.We being D.A and B
2.______ busy, they had no time to play.
A.As they were B.Being
C.Because they were D.all the aboveDD2、时间状语
1._______ the students' homework, the teacher
found a lot of mistakes.
A.When he was correcting
B. When he corrected
C. Correcting D.all the above
2.________by your teachers, you are supposed to be modest.
A.When you are praised B.Praised
C.When praised D.all the aboveDD3、条件状语
1.______ more time, he is sure to finish his test paper.
A.If he is given B.If given
C.Given D.all the above
2._______ another chance, I'll do my job better.
A.If I have B.If having
C.Having D.all the above DD4、伴随状语
1.Father came back, _______ a bag of money on his left shoulder.
A.carrying B.he was carrying C.and carrying D.all the above
2.Father came back, _______ by a monkey.
A.and he was followed B.followed C.and was followed D.all the above DA二、独立主格结构和with + 复合宾语结构在句子中作状语时，这种结构内部的分词或介词短语的逻辑主语不是整句的主语，即主句主语与分词的逻辑主语不一致。如：
1.______, we’ll go fishing in the country.
A.Permitting weather
B.Weather permitted
C.Weather permitting D.PermittingC2._________, he finished playing the game of chess.
A.His eyes closing
B.With his eyes closed
C.Closing his eyes
D.Closed his eyes
3.________, I couldn’t get the book I wanted.
A.Closed B. Library closed
C.Closing library D.With library closing BB三、使用独立主格结构、with + 复合宾语结构分别在句子中作状语时要注意：它们与主句之间不应有从属连词（如when, if, as soon as, as, while等）或并列连词（如and, but, or, so等）。例如：
1._____ the teacher told the class to go through the text
A.Checking the answers
B.Checking the answers and
C.When checking the answers and
D.all the above
A2._______a rainy day, so all the farmers had to stay inside.
A.It being B.Being
C.It was D.all the above
3.As______a little sick, he remained at the clinic.
A.feeling B.he felt
C.he felling D.all the above CB四、在使用独立主格结构、with +复合宾语结构、分词结构作句子的状语时，一定要看句子主语同这些结构的逻辑关系。
1、当句子主语与该状语内部动词之间有逻辑上的主谓或动宾关系时，该状语可用分词结构或从句表示。
1)______ in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him.
A.Lost B.As he was lost
C.He lost D.A and B D2)._______for the bus at the stop, he suddenly caught sight of a thief.
A.Waiting B.When he was waiting
C.As he was waiting D.all the above
2、若句子主语与状语内动词之间不存在逻辑上的主谓或动宾关系且状语内有自已的逻辑主语。则该状语不能用分词结构，只能用独立主格结构、with +复合宾语结构或从句。如：D1.The soldier fell asleep ________.
A.with the candle burning
B.burning the candle
C.when he was burning the candle
D.when burning the candle
2.________, the Tiananmen Square looks more beautiful.
A.Being on B.When being on
C.With all the lights on
D.When it turns on all the lights
AC3.____ the notice, he had an idea.
A.When he was watching B.Watching C.When watching D.all the above
4.______ the notice, an idea came to his mind.
A.When he was watching B.Watching C.When watching D.all the above
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DAGood-bye!
