高三英语总复习语法系列训练the Subjunctive Mood[下学期]
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| 名称 | 高三英语总复习语法系列训练the Subjunctive Mood[下学期] |
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| 更新时间 | 2006-07-27 00:00:00 | ||
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课件78张PPT。 高三英语总复习语法系列训练
—the Subjunctive MoodGrammar
—the Subjunctive Mood
虚 拟 语 气英语动词有三种语气:
陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气
陈述语气：用来表示所说的话是事实或提出疑问，广泛用语陈述句，疑问句和感叹句。
祈使语气：表示所说的话是请求，命令，指示或劝告等。虚拟语气：表示说话人的所说的话不是事实，
一种假设、猜测、怀疑等(在条件从句中或让步状语从句中)；
一种表示说话人的愿望、要求、命令、建议等 (在宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句)。Eg : We met in this room .
陈述语气
Do come to the meeting next Friday .
祈使语气
If I were you , I would study hard .
虚拟语气一：虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法.条件句有真实条件句和非真实条件句两种。
真实条件句所表的假设是可能发生或实现的,是与事实相符的。
非真实条件句所表的假设则是不可能或不大可能发生或实现的， 与事实相反的情况。
If it is fine tomorrow, I will go to visit my grandma.
If I were a bird, I would fly to America.
一、虚拟语气在非真实条件句中虚拟条件句
主句If+主语+动词的过去式（动词be用were)主语+should,would,
might,could＋
动词原形
If+主语+had +过去
分词
主语＋should, would,might, could＋have +过去分词
1、If+主语+动词过去式
2、If+主语+were to+ 动词原形
3、If+主语+should +动词原形
主语＋should, would, might, could＋动词原形If I were you, I would give AIDS patient a hug.
If I had taken your advice, I wouldn’t have made a mistake.
If it should rain tomorrow, they wouldn’t go for an outing.
现在事实相反与过去事实相反与将来事实相反要是你早来几分钟的话，你就能见到他了。If you had come a few minutes earlier, you would have met him.明天要是天气好的话，我来看你。If it were sunny tomorrow, I would come to see you.假如我是你的话，我会马上走。与现在事实相反If I were you, I would go at once.
与过去事实相反与将来事实可能相反I would buy an expensive car.
I would buy a villa.
I would travel around the world.
If I won the lottery,现在时相反If I ____________time last night,
I _____________ to see the film with you .had hadwould have gone过去时相反If he________ more carefully, he _____________ the car accident yesterday.had driven would not have had Mark: 100
I ________
a party for you . should get If you____________
____________
____________gotWere to get a full mark next time,将来时相反would hold PRACTICE 1: Fill in the blanks.
a. If they ______ (be) here,they __________ (take) your advice.
b. If the world-war ___________ (break) out again,what ________________ (happen) to our people on earth?
c. If the policeman _____________ (be not) in that room now, it ________________ (be) very dangerous.
d. If I _______ (be) in your position,I _____________(ask) for teacher’s help.werewould takebrokewould happenwere notcould bewerewould askPRACTICE 2: Fill in the blanks
e. If Tom __ (be) more careful in the
exam, he _________ __ (pass) it already.
f. If you (get) up earlier,
you _______ __ (catch) the first train.
g. If I ____ (meet) you yesterday, we
________ _______ (go) to the concert together.had beenwould have passedhad gotwould have caughthad metwould have gonePRACTICE 3: Fill in the blanks
If there (be) no natural
resource any more,we ___________ (make)
use of nuclear power .
b. What ___ (happen) if you
_____________(get up) too late tomorrow?
should bewould makewould happen should get up高考链接
---If he ____ , he _____ that food .
---Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately (93’全国）
A was warned ,would not take
B had been warned , would not have taken
C would be warned ,had not taken
D would have been warned , had not taken If it ______ tomorrow ,we _____ put off the visit to the Yangpu Bridge.(94’上海）
A rains , would have had to
B were to rain , will have to
C should rain , would have to
D rained , should have had to 注意
1.省略 if 的条件从句
当从句中有 were, had 或 should 时，可省略if ，
而把它们放在句首,再将句子的主语和谓语动词实行全部倒装或部分倒装。
If I were to meet him tomorrow, I should ask him about it.
Were I to meet him tomorrow,…
If he should fail in the experiment this time, he would try again.
Should he fail in the experiment…
Practice 1
1.If I were you, I would give it up.
_______________ , I would give it up.
2.If it were not for your advice, we couldn’t have got over the difficulties.
_________________________ , we couldn’t have got over the difficulties.Were I youWere it not for your advice3.If I had had time, I would have run round that lake again.
_____________________ , I would have run round that lake again.
4. If there should be a flood, what should we do?
_________________________ , what should we do?Had I had timeShould there be a flood高考链接
___ for the free tickets , I would not have gone to the films so often . (95’上海）
A If it is not
B Were it not
C Had it not been
D If they were not
2 错综条件虚拟语气
条件从句谓语动词发生的时间与主句所假设的谓语动词不一致,谓语动词形式应做适当调整。
If you had followed my advice , you would be better now.
If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now.
If you had spoken to him last time you saw him, you would know what to do now.Practice 1
1.you _______________( follow ) the teacher’s advice,
you _______________ (be) in the hospital now.
2.Had Paul received six more votes in the last election, he______our chairman now.
A)must have been B)would have been
C)were D)would be
If I had worked harder at school, I ____ in a comfortable office now.
A.??would have sat B. had sat
C. would be sitting D. would sits
wouldn’t behad followed高考链接
It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I ____ in love ,at the age of seven ,with the Library in my hometown . (97’上海）
A wouldn’t have fallen
B had not fallen
C should fall
D were to fall 3 由介词或介词短语暗示的虚拟结构
常见的介词或介词短语有without(没有) ,
but for(要不是)
Eg : Without electricity , human life would be quite difficult today .
= If there were no electricity ,
Without his advice ,I couldn’t have done it all by myself .
= If it hadn’t been for his advice , But for your help , I wouldn’t have succeeded in doing this experiment .
= If it hadn’t been for your help ,
But for the meeting ,I would have gone to your party last Saturday .
= If it hadn’t been for the meeting ,Practice :
1 . Without electricity human life ___ quite different today .
A is B will be C would have been D would be
2. We ___ the work on time without your help .
A hadn’t had finished B didn’t have finished
C couldn’t have finished D can’t have finished
3. Without sunlight , or water or air , there ___ no life on the earth .
A will have B would be C should be D must be
4 But for the snow , we ___ earlier .
A will arrive B should have arrived
C arrive D arrived
5 Without the leadership of the Party , there ___ no New China .
A would be B has been C was D should be
高考链接
Without the air to hold some of the sun’s heat , the earth at night ___ ,too cold for us to live .
A would be freezing cold
B will be freezing coldly
C would be frozen cold
D can freeze coldly 4 由并列连词或副词暗示的虚拟结构
常见的并列连词或副词有but , or , otherwise(要不然)
Eg : I would have gone to America with my friend , but I was stopped by my mother .
= If I hadn’t been stopped ,
I would have gone to your party ,but you didn’t invite me .
= I would have gone to your party , (if you had invited me ), but you didn’t invite me .Yesterday he didn’t join in our discussion , or I would have told him about it .
= If he had joined in our discussion yesterday ,
I was ill that day , or I would have taken part in the sports meet .
=I was ill that day ,or I would have taken part in the sports meet (if I hadn’t been ill that day .He didn’t get earlier this morning .Otherwise , he would have caught in first bus .
= If he got up earlier this morning ,
He remained very calm, otherwise he would have been found out .
= he remained very calm , otherwise he would have been found out (if he hadn’t remained very calm . )
Practice :
1 Tom ought not to ___ me your secret , but he meant no harm .
A have told B tell C be telling D having told
2 ---Are you thinking about going to Dalian for the vacation ?
---No , but if I ____ time , I ____ very glad to go there .
A have , will be B had had , would have been
C had , would be D had had , would be 3 ---Would you have told him the answer , if possible ?
---Yes , I would have , but I ___ very busy .
A had been B were C was D would be
4. I told Sally how to go there , but perhaps I ___ for her .
A had to write it out
B must have written it out
C should have written it out
D ought to writhe it out 5. We ___ last night , but we went to the concert instead .
A must have studied B might study
C should have studied D would study
6 .---Where have you been ?
--I got caught in traffic , ___ I could have been here soon .
A otherwise B however C though D anyway 7. I would have gone there with you but I ___ too tired then .
A were B had been C was D have been
8. John was very busy last week , otherwise , he ___ to attend the meeting .
A would have come B would come
C should come D must be
高考链接
Yesterday Jane walked away from the discussion .Otherwise ,she ____ something she would regret later . (96’上海）
A had said B said
C might say D might have said 二 其他句型中的虚拟语气
虚拟语气用于宾语从句中
Wish
的宾语从句现在：
过去：
未来：过去时（were）过去完成时would/could/might+V. I wish I were a bird
I wish I hadn’t made such a mistake
We wish our parents wouldn’t punish us.
I wish I were as tall as you.
I wish I became as famous as Yao Ming.
I wish I were a bird.
I wish I could fly like a bird.
I wish every day were my birthday.现在时He wish he hadn’t
eaten so much watermelon.
I wish the lunch time would come
soon.
I wish it would rain tomorrow.
过去时将来时Practice
1 He is not a pilot, but he wishes he______ (be).
2.I wish I ___________(meet) him yesterday.
3.I wish it __________(be) fine tomorrow.
4.A: You have made some mistakes.
B: I wish I ____mistakes every day.
don’t make
B. haven’t made
C. wouldn’t have made
D. didn’t make werehad metwould be2.I wish they ___ in this ball game .
A would be succeeded B would be succeessful
C had been success D had been succeeded
3. He wished he ___ more about the subject , so he could talk about it .
A had known B knew C would know D knows
4. How I wish I ___ a doctor , and ___ the dying girl .
A am , can save B was , saved
C were , could save D will be , will save 5. ---What shall we do next ? --I wish that Bill ___ here . If he ___ here , he would tell us what to do .
A has been , has been B would be , would be
C were , were D is , is
6 .How I wish every family ___ a large house with a beautiful garden !
A has B had C will have D had had
7. How I wish that I ___ the moon sometime in the future .
A had visited B would visit C visited D will visit 高考链接
It’s hard to say, but I wish I ____.
A: has not studied computer
B. did study computer
C. had studied computer
D. studied computer
2常见以下动词之后的宾语从句，表示要求，命令，建议
动词： 一个坚持，两个命令，三个建议，四个要求。
1.insist
2. order, command
3. advise, suggest, propose
4. demand , require, request, desire
should + 动词原形，或者将should省略。
我们建议Tom 去休息一下。
他坚决要求我到场。
国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑。
他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作。We suggested that Tom (should)have a rest.He insisted that I (should )be present.The king ordered that the prisoners (should) be killed the next day.They requested that we (should) send them to work there.注意：
suggest 当表示“暗示、表明“讲时，
insist 表示”坚持认为“之意时，应用陈述语气。
Eg : The smile on his face suggested that he was satisfied with our work.
The man insisted that he had never stolen the money.
Practice :
I advised that the sick child ___ a hospital as soon as possible .
A should sent to B should be sent
C be sent to D must be sent to
2 The workers in the factory demanded that their pay ___ be 20 percent .
A be raised B would be raised
C raised D raise 3 The guard at the gate insisted that everybody ___ the rules . A obeys
B obey C will obey D would obey
4. Jane’s pale face suggested that he ___ ill , and her parents suggested that she ___ a medical examination .
A be , should have B was , have
C should be , had D was , has
5. --- Do you know where he comes from ?
---No , but his accent suggests that he ___ from the south .
A was B should be C is D were 6 The situation required that China ___ its door to the outside world .
A must open B should open
C have to open D has to open
3. Would rather that
宁愿－－－－现在：
过去：
未来：I would rather you paid me now.
I would rather you had gone, too.Don’t come. I would rather you came tomorrow. 过去时过去时过去完成时 would prefer , would sooner表示一种希望和委婉的责备。
Eg : I would prefer he didn’t stay there too long next week .
我宁愿下周他不要在这待的太久。
I would just soon you had returned the book yesterday .
我宁愿你昨天把这本书还了。
Practice :
1 “ Jane wants to see you tomorrow.”
“ I would rather she ___ today than tomorrow .
A comes B should come C come D came
2. She would rather ___ more money on books ___ on clothes .
A cost , not B to spare , don’t
C pay , than D spend , than 3 Don’t come this afternoon ,I’d rather you ___ tomorrow .
A come B to come C came D will come
三 .用于主语从句中 1.It is necessary／important／
strange／natural
impossible / surprising
+ that 从句。
从句中的谓语动词用should+动词原形，should 可以省略。Eg :
It is necessary that you (should) clean the room after work.
It is important that we ( should ) master a foreign language.
It is strange that she （should ）refuse to come to the party.
2. It is suggested／desired /
ordered / requested /
proposed / demanded
that从句…
从句中的谓语动词用should+动词原形，should 可以省略
Eg :
It is suggested that the meeting (should) be put off.
It is ordered that the work (should) be done at once.
3. It is a pity／a shame／no wonder
+ that 从句
从句中的谓语动词用should+动词原形，should 可以省略省略
eg : It is a pity that he should be so careless.
真可惜他竟然如此粗心．
Practice :
1 . It is natural that he ___ so .
A thinks B think C thought D will think
2 It is strange that we ___ short of water in the country where it was always raining .
A are B be C should be D both A and B
3 It was necessary that he ___ about what had happened .
A be told B was told C should tell D tell 4. It’s a pity Mr. Zhang isn’t here . If he ___ , my parents would be happier .
A comes B has come C came D had come
5 It is necessary that we ___ a foreign language .
A must master B ought to master
C mastered D should master考题点击：
1. Is it necessary that he _____ the examination?
A. takes B. has to take
C. must take D. take
2. It is strange that he _____ you this.
A. would tell B. should tell
C. had told D. has told 四．用语表语从句和同位语从句
在suggestion / proposal / order / plan / advice / idea / request /demand 等名词后的表语和同位语从句中
要用“should＋动词原形” should可以省略．
Eg : My idea is that we (should ) think it over before accepting it.
My suggestion that we (should) have a meeting has been accepted by others.
We all agree to that suggestion that the meeting (should) be put off.
Practice :
1 My suggestion is that she ___ more exercise , which will do a lot of good to her.
A takes B must take C take D took
2 My idea is that we ___ to our plan .
A must stick B ought to stick C should stick D will stick
3 What do you think of the suggestion that she ___ at the meeting last week ?
A should make B make C made D A or B4 .The professor gave orders that the experiment ___ before 6 .
A was finished B will finish
C be finished D shall be finished
5. She made a demand that the reporters ___ at once ___ Japan .
A leave , for B leave , to
C left , to D to be left , for 考题点击：
His suggestion that you _____ once more sounds reasonable.
A. try B. tries
C. must try D. can try五、虚拟语气在其他从句中It is (high / about ) time that…
“到做----的时间了.”
注意:should不能省略．
过去时should +V原.我们该去睡觉了。It’s time that we went to bed.
It’s time that we should go to bed. 2.If only 引导的感叹句
“要是．．．该有多好啊”
用法与wish 相同
Eg : If only I knew the answer!
If only I had seen the film
yesterday!
“好象”
3. as if /though + Clause 与现在事实相反用过去式与过去事实相反
与将来事实相反 过去完成式
Would / could / might +动词原形1) as if /as though连接表语从句
He talks as if he knew where she was .
He looked as if he hadn’t slept for two days.
2) as if / as though连接状语从 句
She looked after the boy as if he were her own son.
He speaks to us as if he had been there. 注意：如果表示的事情可能会发生，那么状语从句中的谓语动词可用陈述语气。Eg : It looks as if you are tired.4.在In case, for fear that 和lest
“万一；惟恐;以免”
引导的状语 从句中，谓语动词多用 should+动词原形 should 可省略.Eg : I daren’t tell you what he did for fear that he should be angry with.
In case I should fail, I would try again
I will not read aloud the book lest I should disturb you .
5. so that 与in order that “为了”
二者引导的目的状语从句谓语部分应该用can/could /might/ might +动词原形
注意: 当主句是现在时,从句中用can/could /might/ might 都可以
当主句 是过去时,从句只能用could , might
We got up early so that/ in order that we ___________________(赶上头班车).
She stayed at home for a few days so that
/in order that she _____________________
her sick mother . (照顾）could/might catchcould / might take care of 6.在带有even if/ even though “即使”
引导的让步状语从句中,动词形式与含有非真实的条件句的虚拟语气相同.
Eg. Even if Lin Tao _______(be) here, I should say the same thing.
Even though he ____________(be) ill, he would have gone to his office.werehad been7. 由unless (除非）, provided ／providing (倘若），supposing (假若），on condition that (如果）引导的从句，多用过去时
Eg : He wouldn’t do it unless you ordered him to .
Proving you had the chance to go abroad ,where would go ? 9.虚拟语气某些简单句的固定句型：
“祝愿”、“但愿”
Heaven help him!
God bless you!
May you succeed!
Long live the People’s Republic of China!
—the Subjunctive MoodGrammar
—the Subjunctive Mood
虚 拟 语 气英语动词有三种语气:
陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气
陈述语气：用来表示所说的话是事实或提出疑问，广泛用语陈述句，疑问句和感叹句。
祈使语气：表示所说的话是请求，命令，指示或劝告等。虚拟语气：表示说话人的所说的话不是事实，
一种假设、猜测、怀疑等(在条件从句中或让步状语从句中)；
一种表示说话人的愿望、要求、命令、建议等 (在宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句)。Eg : We met in this room .
陈述语气
Do come to the meeting next Friday .
祈使语气
If I were you , I would study hard .
虚拟语气一：虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法.条件句有真实条件句和非真实条件句两种。
真实条件句所表的假设是可能发生或实现的,是与事实相符的。
非真实条件句所表的假设则是不可能或不大可能发生或实现的， 与事实相反的情况。
If it is fine tomorrow, I will go to visit my grandma.
If I were a bird, I would fly to America.
一、虚拟语气在非真实条件句中虚拟条件句
主句If+主语+动词的过去式（动词be用were)主语+should,would,
might,could＋
动词原形
If+主语+had +过去
分词
主语＋should, would,might, could＋have +过去分词
1、If+主语+动词过去式
2、If+主语+were to+ 动词原形
3、If+主语+should +动词原形
主语＋should, would, might, could＋动词原形If I were you, I would give AIDS patient a hug.
If I had taken your advice, I wouldn’t have made a mistake.
If it should rain tomorrow, they wouldn’t go for an outing.
现在事实相反与过去事实相反与将来事实相反要是你早来几分钟的话，你就能见到他了。If you had come a few minutes earlier, you would have met him.明天要是天气好的话，我来看你。If it were sunny tomorrow, I would come to see you.假如我是你的话，我会马上走。与现在事实相反If I were you, I would go at once.
与过去事实相反与将来事实可能相反I would buy an expensive car.
I would buy a villa.
I would travel around the world.
If I won the lottery,现在时相反If I ____________time last night,
I _____________ to see the film with you .had hadwould have gone过去时相反If he________ more carefully, he _____________ the car accident yesterday.had driven would not have had Mark: 100
I ________
a party for you . should get If you____________
____________
____________gotWere to get a full mark next time,将来时相反would hold PRACTICE 1: Fill in the blanks.
a. If they ______ (be) here,they __________ (take) your advice.
b. If the world-war ___________ (break) out again,what ________________ (happen) to our people on earth?
c. If the policeman _____________ (be not) in that room now, it ________________ (be) very dangerous.
d. If I _______ (be) in your position,I _____________(ask) for teacher’s help.werewould takebrokewould happenwere notcould bewerewould askPRACTICE 2: Fill in the blanks
e. If Tom __ (be) more careful in the
exam, he _________ __ (pass) it already.
f. If you (get) up earlier,
you _______ __ (catch) the first train.
g. If I ____ (meet) you yesterday, we
________ _______ (go) to the concert together.had beenwould have passedhad gotwould have caughthad metwould have gonePRACTICE 3: Fill in the blanks
If there (be) no natural
resource any more,we ___________ (make)
use of nuclear power .
b. What ___ (happen) if you
_____________(get up) too late tomorrow?
should bewould makewould happen should get up高考链接
---If he ____ , he _____ that food .
---Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately (93’全国）
A was warned ,would not take
B had been warned , would not have taken
C would be warned ,had not taken
D would have been warned , had not taken If it ______ tomorrow ,we _____ put off the visit to the Yangpu Bridge.(94’上海）
A rains , would have had to
B were to rain , will have to
C should rain , would have to
D rained , should have had to 注意
1.省略 if 的条件从句
当从句中有 were, had 或 should 时，可省略if ，
而把它们放在句首,再将句子的主语和谓语动词实行全部倒装或部分倒装。
If I were to meet him tomorrow, I should ask him about it.
Were I to meet him tomorrow,…
If he should fail in the experiment this time, he would try again.
Should he fail in the experiment…
Practice 1
1.If I were you, I would give it up.
_______________ , I would give it up.
2.If it were not for your advice, we couldn’t have got over the difficulties.
_________________________ , we couldn’t have got over the difficulties.Were I youWere it not for your advice3.If I had had time, I would have run round that lake again.
_____________________ , I would have run round that lake again.
4. If there should be a flood, what should we do?
_________________________ , what should we do?Had I had timeShould there be a flood高考链接
___ for the free tickets , I would not have gone to the films so often . (95’上海）
A If it is not
B Were it not
C Had it not been
D If they were not
2 错综条件虚拟语气
条件从句谓语动词发生的时间与主句所假设的谓语动词不一致,谓语动词形式应做适当调整。
If you had followed my advice , you would be better now.
If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now.
If you had spoken to him last time you saw him, you would know what to do now.Practice 1
1.you _______________( follow ) the teacher’s advice,
you _______________ (be) in the hospital now.
2.Had Paul received six more votes in the last election, he______our chairman now.
A)must have been B)would have been
C)were D)would be
If I had worked harder at school, I ____ in a comfortable office now.
A.??would have sat B. had sat
C. would be sitting D. would sits
wouldn’t behad followed高考链接
It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I ____ in love ,at the age of seven ,with the Library in my hometown . (97’上海）
A wouldn’t have fallen
B had not fallen
C should fall
D were to fall 3 由介词或介词短语暗示的虚拟结构
常见的介词或介词短语有without(没有) ,
but for(要不是)
Eg : Without electricity , human life would be quite difficult today .
= If there were no electricity ,
Without his advice ,I couldn’t have done it all by myself .
= If it hadn’t been for his advice , But for your help , I wouldn’t have succeeded in doing this experiment .
= If it hadn’t been for your help ,
But for the meeting ,I would have gone to your party last Saturday .
= If it hadn’t been for the meeting ,Practice :
1 . Without electricity human life ___ quite different today .
A is B will be C would have been D would be
2. We ___ the work on time without your help .
A hadn’t had finished B didn’t have finished
C couldn’t have finished D can’t have finished
3. Without sunlight , or water or air , there ___ no life on the earth .
A will have B would be C should be D must be
4 But for the snow , we ___ earlier .
A will arrive B should have arrived
C arrive D arrived
5 Without the leadership of the Party , there ___ no New China .
A would be B has been C was D should be
高考链接
Without the air to hold some of the sun’s heat , the earth at night ___ ,too cold for us to live .
A would be freezing cold
B will be freezing coldly
C would be frozen cold
D can freeze coldly 4 由并列连词或副词暗示的虚拟结构
常见的并列连词或副词有but , or , otherwise(要不然)
Eg : I would have gone to America with my friend , but I was stopped by my mother .
= If I hadn’t been stopped ,
I would have gone to your party ,but you didn’t invite me .
= I would have gone to your party , (if you had invited me ), but you didn’t invite me .Yesterday he didn’t join in our discussion , or I would have told him about it .
= If he had joined in our discussion yesterday ,
I was ill that day , or I would have taken part in the sports meet .
=I was ill that day ,or I would have taken part in the sports meet (if I hadn’t been ill that day .He didn’t get earlier this morning .Otherwise , he would have caught in first bus .
= If he got up earlier this morning ,
He remained very calm, otherwise he would have been found out .
= he remained very calm , otherwise he would have been found out (if he hadn’t remained very calm . )
Practice :
1 Tom ought not to ___ me your secret , but he meant no harm .
A have told B tell C be telling D having told
2 ---Are you thinking about going to Dalian for the vacation ?
---No , but if I ____ time , I ____ very glad to go there .
A have , will be B had had , would have been
C had , would be D had had , would be 3 ---Would you have told him the answer , if possible ?
---Yes , I would have , but I ___ very busy .
A had been B were C was D would be
4. I told Sally how to go there , but perhaps I ___ for her .
A had to write it out
B must have written it out
C should have written it out
D ought to writhe it out 5. We ___ last night , but we went to the concert instead .
A must have studied B might study
C should have studied D would study
6 .---Where have you been ?
--I got caught in traffic , ___ I could have been here soon .
A otherwise B however C though D anyway 7. I would have gone there with you but I ___ too tired then .
A were B had been C was D have been
8. John was very busy last week , otherwise , he ___ to attend the meeting .
A would have come B would come
C should come D must be
高考链接
Yesterday Jane walked away from the discussion .Otherwise ,she ____ something she would regret later . (96’上海）
A had said B said
C might say D might have said 二 其他句型中的虚拟语气
虚拟语气用于宾语从句中
Wish
的宾语从句现在：
过去：
未来：过去时（were）过去完成时would/could/might+V. I wish I were a bird
I wish I hadn’t made such a mistake
We wish our parents wouldn’t punish us.
I wish I were as tall as you.
I wish I became as famous as Yao Ming.
I wish I were a bird.
I wish I could fly like a bird.
I wish every day were my birthday.现在时He wish he hadn’t
eaten so much watermelon.
I wish the lunch time would come
soon.
I wish it would rain tomorrow.
过去时将来时Practice
1 He is not a pilot, but he wishes he______ (be).
2.I wish I ___________(meet) him yesterday.
3.I wish it __________(be) fine tomorrow.
4.A: You have made some mistakes.
B: I wish I ____mistakes every day.
don’t make
B. haven’t made
C. wouldn’t have made
D. didn’t make werehad metwould be2.I wish they ___ in this ball game .
A would be succeeded B would be succeessful
C had been success D had been succeeded
3. He wished he ___ more about the subject , so he could talk about it .
A had known B knew C would know D knows
4. How I wish I ___ a doctor , and ___ the dying girl .
A am , can save B was , saved
C were , could save D will be , will save 5. ---What shall we do next ? --I wish that Bill ___ here . If he ___ here , he would tell us what to do .
A has been , has been B would be , would be
C were , were D is , is
6 .How I wish every family ___ a large house with a beautiful garden !
A has B had C will have D had had
7. How I wish that I ___ the moon sometime in the future .
A had visited B would visit C visited D will visit 高考链接
It’s hard to say, but I wish I ____.
A: has not studied computer
B. did study computer
C. had studied computer
D. studied computer
2常见以下动词之后的宾语从句，表示要求，命令，建议
动词： 一个坚持，两个命令，三个建议，四个要求。
1.insist
2. order, command
3. advise, suggest, propose
4. demand , require, request, desire
should + 动词原形，或者将should省略。
我们建议Tom 去休息一下。
他坚决要求我到场。
国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑。
他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作。We suggested that Tom (should)have a rest.He insisted that I (should )be present.The king ordered that the prisoners (should) be killed the next day.They requested that we (should) send them to work there.注意：
suggest 当表示“暗示、表明“讲时，
insist 表示”坚持认为“之意时，应用陈述语气。
Eg : The smile on his face suggested that he was satisfied with our work.
The man insisted that he had never stolen the money.
Practice :
I advised that the sick child ___ a hospital as soon as possible .
A should sent to B should be sent
C be sent to D must be sent to
2 The workers in the factory demanded that their pay ___ be 20 percent .
A be raised B would be raised
C raised D raise 3 The guard at the gate insisted that everybody ___ the rules . A obeys
B obey C will obey D would obey
4. Jane’s pale face suggested that he ___ ill , and her parents suggested that she ___ a medical examination .
A be , should have B was , have
C should be , had D was , has
5. --- Do you know where he comes from ?
---No , but his accent suggests that he ___ from the south .
A was B should be C is D were 6 The situation required that China ___ its door to the outside world .
A must open B should open
C have to open D has to open
3. Would rather that
宁愿－－－－现在：
过去：
未来：I would rather you paid me now.
I would rather you had gone, too.Don’t come. I would rather you came tomorrow. 过去时过去时过去完成时 would prefer , would sooner表示一种希望和委婉的责备。
Eg : I would prefer he didn’t stay there too long next week .
我宁愿下周他不要在这待的太久。
I would just soon you had returned the book yesterday .
我宁愿你昨天把这本书还了。
Practice :
1 “ Jane wants to see you tomorrow.”
“ I would rather she ___ today than tomorrow .
A comes B should come C come D came
2. She would rather ___ more money on books ___ on clothes .
A cost , not B to spare , don’t
C pay , than D spend , than 3 Don’t come this afternoon ,I’d rather you ___ tomorrow .
A come B to come C came D will come
三 .用于主语从句中 1.It is necessary／important／
strange／natural
impossible / surprising
+ that 从句。
从句中的谓语动词用should+动词原形，should 可以省略。Eg :
It is necessary that you (should) clean the room after work.
It is important that we ( should ) master a foreign language.
It is strange that she （should ）refuse to come to the party.
2. It is suggested／desired /
ordered / requested /
proposed / demanded
that从句…
从句中的谓语动词用should+动词原形，should 可以省略
Eg :
It is suggested that the meeting (should) be put off.
It is ordered that the work (should) be done at once.
3. It is a pity／a shame／no wonder
+ that 从句
从句中的谓语动词用should+动词原形，should 可以省略省略
eg : It is a pity that he should be so careless.
真可惜他竟然如此粗心．
Practice :
1 . It is natural that he ___ so .
A thinks B think C thought D will think
2 It is strange that we ___ short of water in the country where it was always raining .
A are B be C should be D both A and B
3 It was necessary that he ___ about what had happened .
A be told B was told C should tell D tell 4. It’s a pity Mr. Zhang isn’t here . If he ___ , my parents would be happier .
A comes B has come C came D had come
5 It is necessary that we ___ a foreign language .
A must master B ought to master
C mastered D should master考题点击：
1. Is it necessary that he _____ the examination?
A. takes B. has to take
C. must take D. take
2. It is strange that he _____ you this.
A. would tell B. should tell
C. had told D. has told 四．用语表语从句和同位语从句
在suggestion / proposal / order / plan / advice / idea / request /demand 等名词后的表语和同位语从句中
要用“should＋动词原形” should可以省略．
Eg : My idea is that we (should ) think it over before accepting it.
My suggestion that we (should) have a meeting has been accepted by others.
We all agree to that suggestion that the meeting (should) be put off.
Practice :
1 My suggestion is that she ___ more exercise , which will do a lot of good to her.
A takes B must take C take D took
2 My idea is that we ___ to our plan .
A must stick B ought to stick C should stick D will stick
3 What do you think of the suggestion that she ___ at the meeting last week ?
A should make B make C made D A or B4 .The professor gave orders that the experiment ___ before 6 .
A was finished B will finish
C be finished D shall be finished
5. She made a demand that the reporters ___ at once ___ Japan .
A leave , for B leave , to
C left , to D to be left , for 考题点击：
His suggestion that you _____ once more sounds reasonable.
A. try B. tries
C. must try D. can try五、虚拟语气在其他从句中It is (high / about ) time that…
“到做----的时间了.”
注意:should不能省略．
过去时should +V原.我们该去睡觉了。It’s time that we went to bed.
It’s time that we should go to bed. 2.If only 引导的感叹句
“要是．．．该有多好啊”
用法与wish 相同
Eg : If only I knew the answer!
If only I had seen the film
yesterday!
“好象”
3. as if /though + Clause 与现在事实相反用过去式与过去事实相反
与将来事实相反 过去完成式
Would / could / might +动词原形1) as if /as though连接表语从句
He talks as if he knew where she was .
He looked as if he hadn’t slept for two days.
2) as if / as though连接状语从 句
She looked after the boy as if he were her own son.
He speaks to us as if he had been there. 注意：如果表示的事情可能会发生，那么状语从句中的谓语动词可用陈述语气。Eg : It looks as if you are tired.4.在In case, for fear that 和lest
“万一；惟恐;以免”
引导的状语 从句中，谓语动词多用 should+动词原形 should 可省略.Eg : I daren’t tell you what he did for fear that he should be angry with.
In case I should fail, I would try again
I will not read aloud the book lest I should disturb you .
5. so that 与in order that “为了”
二者引导的目的状语从句谓语部分应该用can/could /might/ might +动词原形
注意: 当主句是现在时,从句中用can/could /might/ might 都可以
当主句 是过去时,从句只能用could , might
We got up early so that/ in order that we ___________________(赶上头班车).
She stayed at home for a few days so that
/in order that she _____________________
her sick mother . (照顾）could/might catchcould / might take care of 6.在带有even if/ even though “即使”
引导的让步状语从句中,动词形式与含有非真实的条件句的虚拟语气相同.
Eg. Even if Lin Tao _______(be) here, I should say the same thing.
Even though he ____________(be) ill, he would have gone to his office.werehad been7. 由unless (除非）, provided ／providing (倘若），supposing (假若），on condition that (如果）引导的从句，多用过去时
Eg : He wouldn’t do it unless you ordered him to .
Proving you had the chance to go abroad ,where would go ? 9.虚拟语气某些简单句的固定句型：
“祝愿”、“但愿”
Heaven help him!
God bless you!
May you succeed!
Long live the People’s Republic of China!