课件25张PPT。Unit 1Great scientistsLearning about
languageDiscovering useful words and expressions:
Answer keys for Exercise 1:examinedput forwardexposed
cureimmediatelylook intoannouncedinstructvaluable Answer keys for Exercises 2:make a telephone callmake a decisionmake a planmake a speechmake a contributionmake a noisemake a changemake a description
Most of the scientists invited to the party
were from South America.
2. Harvard, founded in 1636, is one of the most famous universities in the United States.
3. Your mother is very disappointed with you.
4. The top of the mountain is covered with snow.过去分词是作定语 过去分词是作表语 Translate the following phrases, and try to find out what the items relate to.一片碎玻璃
开水
一枚用过的邮票
一箱埋起来的硬币
穿破的鞋子
一台损坏了的计算机
结论：以上的短语都带有过去分词，这些过去分词都是充当定语，而且我们都可以用过去分词作表语的形式来改写以上短语。a broken piece of glassboiled watera used stampa buried box of coinsa damaged computerworn—out shoes Complete the table with phrases that have the same meaning.Past Participle Past Participle
as the Attribute as the predicative
terrified people 1.
reserved seats 2.
polluted water 3.
a crowded room 4.
a pleased winner 5.people who are terrifiedseats which are reservedwater that is polluteda room that is crowdeda winner who is pleasedPast Participle Past Participle
as the Predicative as the Attribute
1. children who 1.
look astonished
2. a vase that is broken 2.
3. a door that is closed 3.
4. the audience who feel tired 4.
5. an animal that is trapped 5.astonished children a broken vasea closed doorthe tired audiencea trapped animalGrammar一、过去分词作定语
1、单个的过去分词作定语时一般兼有被动和完成的意义，常作前置定语。
eg：a lost animal 一只迷路的动物
a used stamp 一枚用过的邮票
an injured finger 一个受伤的手指
a broken coin 一枚破损的硬币
a lighted candle 一支点燃的蜡烛
注意：过去分词作定语时，有时只有被动意义。
e.g.：spoken English 英语口语
written exercises 书面练习
少数表示位移或状态改变的不及物动词的过去分词只有完成的意义
fallen leaves 落叶
the risen sun 升起来的太阳
the advanced countries 发达国家
drunken man 一个醉鬼
a returned student 一名留学生
a retired teacher 一名退休教师
an escaped prisoner 一名逃跑的囚犯
2、过去分词作后置定语，表示被动和／或完成意义。
e.g.：How I regretted the hours wasted in the Cyber Cafe !
我多懊悔在网吧浪费的时光啊
I like wearing clothes made of this kind of cloth．
我喜欢穿这种布料做的衣服。
e.g.：The books written by Lu Xun are popular．
鲁迅写的书很受欢迎
We’ll go to visit the bridge built hundreds of years ago．
我们要去看那座建于几百年前的桥。Practice: Change the following Past Participle into clauses.
1） He told us of the great wrong done to him.
= He told us of the great wrong ___________________________ to him.
which had been done注：本句中的过去分词作定语，既表被动又表完成。2） The United States is a developed country.
= The United Stated is a country ______________________ .
which has developed注：本句中的过去分词作定语，只表示完成。3） Have you noticed the bridge being built there?
= Have you noticed the bridge
______________________ there?
which is being built注：本句中的过去分词作定语，表示被动的动作正在进行。二、过去分词作表语
1、过去分词作表语，表示主语的特点或所处的状态，主语前的系动词有包括be在内的多种形式。
e.g.：Everyone present is very inspired at his speech．
听了他的发言，在场的所有人都很振奋。
You seem frightened.
你似乎受了惊吓。过去分词作表语，相当于形容词，常见的有：
amused (愉快的)； connected (连接的)；
broken (碎了的)； closed (关闭的)；
astonished (吃惊的)； covered (覆盖的)；
crowded (拥挤的)； delighted (高兴的)；disappointed (失望的)；dressed ( 穿着的)；
drunk (喝醉的)；experienced (有经验的) ；
interested (感兴趣的)；tired (疲劳的)；
pleased (高兴的)； satisfied (满意的)；
surprised (吃惊的)； married (已婚的)；
known (著名的)，等等。 2、过去分词作表语，构成的系表结构与被动语态的区别：
过去分词作表语，强调主语的特点或所处的状态；而被动语态中，主语是动词所表示动作的承受者。
e.g.：
My glasses are broken. 我的眼镜碎了。(状态)
My glasses were broken by my daughter. 我的眼镜被我女儿摔碎了。(动作) 强调谓语动作 Practice: Complete the sentences using the past participle as the predicative.1. 丢了钱他自责不已。
He ______________ about losing the money.
2、你为什么总是看上很疲劳？这些日子睡得好吗？ Why do you always _______________ ? Do you sleep well these days?
3.我对昨晚看的电影很失望。我原以为它能好些。
I _____________________ the film I saw last night, I had expected it to be better.
got blamedlook so tiredwas disappointed with4.听说那位明星死了，人人都很惊讶。 Everybody ____________to hear the death of the famous film star．
5.要去动物园了，孩子们非常兴奋。
The children ______________________ going to the zoo．
6.他的伤口感染了一种新病毒.
His wound ___________________ a new virus．
was shockedare really excited aboutbecame infected with1.The Emperor's New Clothes is an _______
text. All of us are ______ in it.
A. exciting; exciting??? B. excited; excited
C. excited; exciting???? D. exciting; excited
2. The door remained ________.
A. locked B. to lock C. locking D. lockDA3. The flowers _______ sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature.
A. to smell B. smelling
C. smelt D. to be smelt高考链接B解析：答案B。此处为现在分词作定语，修饰flowers。smell为系动词，不能用于被动语态，相当于which/that smells sweet。4. Don’t use words, expressions, or phrases _______ only to people with specific knowledge.
A. being known B. having been known
C. to be known D. known高考链接D解析：答案D。know与words，expressions，phrases构成动宾关系，故用过去分词表示被动。5. With ________ leaves ________
in the earth every year,the soil becomes
richer and richer.
?A. falling; burying????B. fallen; buried???
?C. fallen; burying????D. falling; buried
6. The computer center, _____last year,
is very popular among the students
in this school.
A. open????B. opening???
C. having opened????D. openedBD7. I have read plenty of books ________
by Lu Xun.
A. written????B. wrote???
?C. write????D. writing
8. —How do you deal with the disagreement
between the company and the customers?
—The key _____ the problem is to
meet the demand _____ by the customers.
(北京 2002)
A. to solving; making????B. to solving; made
C. to solve; making????? D. to solve; made ABHomework Summarize the use of the past participle as the attribute and predictive.Apart from going to the park, I have not been outside my flat this summer.
The results of the scientific experiments are valuable to us and they will contribute to the success of our research.
In additions to a good income I am offering you a new flat to live in.
It is difficult to make a conclusion without enough evidence.
Please check carefully after you complete the writing and make sure all the senescence make sense.6. You are going to attend the lecture, aren’t you ? But you don’t seem very enthusiastic about it.
7. Too much work and too little rest often leads to illness.
8. The government announced that the disease was under control.
9. Professor Yang is strict with his assistants. They must do the experiments according to his instructions.课件51张PPT。策划：《学生双语报》1Unit 1Great scientistsPeriod 4 Reading IIPeriod 4:幻灯片62-82页策划：《学生双语报》2SunearthearthSunReading-I----skimming (2m)策划：《学生双语报》3Do you know who put forward the theory
that the sun is the centre of the solar system? CopernicusPoland
astronomer
策划：《学生双语报》4In 1530,Copernicus completed his great work
De Revolutionibus (《天体运行论》).
Copernicus knew that these findings would
lead him into trouble with the Roman Catholic
Church (罗马天主教教徒),
so he was in no hurry to publish his theory.
He only published it as he lay dying in 1543.
策划：《学生双语报》5Stephen hawkingPtolemyCopernicusZhang HengHubbleGalileo策划：《学生双语报》6Read the text and answer the following question.
What conclusion did Copernicus’ mathematical calculations lead to?
Why couldn’t he tell anyone about the theory?
How many years did Copernicus work on the problem to complete his theory?
When did Copernicus publish his theory?
Do you think it’s right for Copernicus to publish his theory that late?策划：《学生双语报》7 His mathematical calculations led to the conclusion: that the earth was not the center of the solar system.What conclusion did Copernicus’ mathematical calculations lead to?策划：《学生双语报》8 Because the powerful Christian Church would have punished him for even suggesting such an idea.2. Why couldn’t he tell anyone about the theory?策划：《学生双语报》9 4 years.3. How many years did Copernicus work on the problem to complete his theory?策划：《学生双语报》10 He published his theory as he lay dying in 1543.4. When did Copernicus publish his theory?策划：《学生双语报》11 Students give their own answers.5. Do you think it’s right for Copernicus to publish his theory that late?策划：《学生双语报》121.lead to: 导致，通向你的粗心导致了这次交通事故。
条条大路通罗马。All roads lead to Rome.Your carelessness led to this traffic accident.lead sb. to (do) sth. 诱使…… 做……
什么使你相信她是个贼？
什么使你得出这个结论What led you to this conclusion?
What led you to believe she was a thief?Language points for reading II策划：《学生双语报》131. Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.
只有你把太阳放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的运动才能说得清楚。
only if 只有；只要。当以only引导的短语或状语从句放于句首时，为了加强语气，句子需要倒装。
1) Only if a teacher page permission is a student allowed to enter the room.
2) Only by shouting and waving his hands could he be noticed.策划：《学生双语报》14 make sense 讲得通；有道理
1)看这里，读这个句子，好像一点也讲不通。
Here, read the sentence. It doesn’t seem to make sense.
2) 你编的故事我听不明白。
Your story doesn’t make sense to me.
策划：《学生双语报》152. He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system with the planets going round it and only the moon still going round the earth. 他把太阳固定在太阳系的中心位置上，而行星则围绕着太阳转，只有月球仍然绕着地球转。
with the planets going round it是with + 宾语 + 宾语补足语的结构，在句中作状语。这一结构在句中常作定语或状语，作宾补的可以是介词短语、过去分词、形容词、副词或动词不定式等。现将其基本形式归纳如下：
策划：《学生双语报》16With + n./pron. + 介词短语
(2) With + n./pron. + 副词
(3) With + n./pron. + 不定式
(4) With + n./pron. + 现在分词
(5) With + n./pron. + 过去分词
(6) With + n./pron. + 形容词
He sat there with a smile on his face.
With Mr Smith away, we’ve got more room.
With so much work to do, he could not go home.The street was quiet with no buses running.
A man came in with his hands tied back.
He wears a shirt, with the neck open, showing his bare chest.
策划：《学生双语报》17cautious:careful to avoid danger小心的,谨慎的
a cautious driver 谨慎的司机
be cautious about doing... 小心做……
I've always been very cautious about
giving my address to strangers.
我总是很小心，不轻易把我的地址给陌生人。reject: 拒绝（接受）
She rejected my suggestion. 她拒绝了我的建议。
He was rejected for the army because of his bad eyesight.策划：《学生双语报》18refuse/ rejectrefuse:
①、拒绝；不肯接受 refuse sth.
②、拒给；不愿；不肯 refuse sb. sth. refuse to do sth.
reject :
① 、拒绝；不肯接受（用法同refuse ①)
② 、抛弃；丢弃；扔掉策划：《学生双语报》19He rejected/ refused my offer.
They refused my permission.
He refused to do it.
He rejected/ refused my help.
He rejected some old books.策划：《学生双语报》20 Try your best to go over the whole points of each picture without lifting your pencil from the paper or going over any line twice.AADDBBCCPre-reading----game (2m)策划：《学生双语报》21Topology--Euler pathEuler策划：《学生双语报》22 Read the text and find out the answers to the following questions.
How did Euler find a problem?
What’s the general rule to the puzzle?
What branch of mathematics did Euler start?
Reading-I----detailed reading (5m)策划：《学生双语报》23How did Euler find a problem?
When he walked around the town and over the bridges of Konigsberg, he was surprised to find that he could cross six of the bridges without going over any of them twice or going back on himself, but he couldn’t cross all seven.策划：《学生双语报》24What’s the general rule to the puzzle?
If a figure has more than two odd points, you could go over it without lifting your pencil from the page or going over a line twice.
策划：《学生双语报》25What branch of mathematics did Euler start?
He started a whole new branch of mathematics called “topology”.
策划：《学生双语报》26 Who can be the quickest to find out the picture from page 46 that doesn’t have Euler path.Game (2m)策划：《学生双语报》27Homework Surf the Internet to find more information about Euler or Topology and share it with your peer in the next class.策划：《学生双语报》28Take a break!策划：《学生双语报》29Unit 1Great scientistsPeriod 5 ListeningPeriod 5:幻灯片83-93页策划：《学生双语报》30What is the video about?
It’s about the discoverer of DNA, Jim Watson and Francis Crick.Pre-listening-I----video (3m)策划：《学生双语报》31Who is the famous rocket expert in China?Qian XuesenPre-listening-II----talking (1m)策划：《学生双语报》32 Listen to the tape twice and find out the information to fill in the blank.Listening (5m)策划：《学生双语报》33be an engineerhis doctor’s degreework on rocketsbegan his instituteput his picture the father of the Chinese space programme策划：《学生双语报》34Carl?Linnaeus策划：《学生双语报》35 Listen to the tape once and tell what this listening passage is about.
This is about a man who wants to name a flower.
This is about a man who finds a flower and wants to own it.
This is about a man who finds a flower and wants to know if it is a new species of flower.C. This is about a man who finds a flower adi and wants to know if it is a new adi species of flower.Listening-I----get the main idea (5m)策划：《学生双语报》36Listen to the tape twice and fill in the blanks.Listening-II----filling (5m)策划：《学生双语报》37Sweden1778biologyyoung plants and animalssort outbirdparrot策划：《学生双语报》38Homework Make a dialogue with your partner to talk about a great scientist. You are expected to present it to your peer in the next class.策划：《学生双语报》39Take a break!策划：《学生双语报》40Unit 1Great scientistsPeriod 6 Speaking and
WritingPeriod 6:幻灯片94-103页策划：《学生双语报》41One possible version:
Dear Nicolaus Copernicus,
I am a student studying astronomy and I would very much like to read your new theory about the solar system. I hope you will publish it for several reasons.
I understand the problems with the present theory. The way the planets move is not what you would expect if the earth was the certre of the universe. It is also odd that the brightness of some stars seems to change. So I agree with you that we need a new theory. 策划：《学生双语报》42
I know your observations have been very carefully carried out over many years. Now you must have the courage to publish them. Science can never advance unless people have the courage of their beliefs. I know you worry about what will happen if you publish your new theory. No matter how people oppose it, time will show if your ideas are right or wrong.
So I hope you will feel you can publish your new theory.
Yours sincerely,
Zhang Hua策划：《学生双语报》43Topic 1:
In pairs discuss the life and work of any scientists that you know. Explain their achievements and recount stories that show interesting aspects of their character and their work. Talk about how they achieved their success. Was it because of his /her talent, intelligence, hard work persistence, confidence, curiosity, enthusiasm or luck? Prepare to give a talk on you chosen scientist to the class.Speaking-I (5m)策划：《学生双语报》44The following questions may help you with your discussion.1.Who is the scientist you admire most?
2.What kind of education did he/she receive?
3.What did he/she achieve in his/her scientific work?
4. Why did he/she achieve great success?策划：《学生双语报》45Topic 2:
In pairs discuss what scientific job each of you would like to choose in the future. These questions may help you.Speaking-II (5m)策划：《学生双语报》461.What job do you want to do?
2.What education will you need?
3.What personality will be needed?
4.How long will the training take?
5.What work experience would be useful?
6.How will you prepare for this
career?策划：《学生双语报》47These expressions may be helpful.1.I always wanted to…because…
2.The experience I will need is…
3.I might find it difficult to …
4.I need to practise…
5.My greatest problem will be to…
策划：《学生双语报》48writingNow write a report about your scientist, his/her life, achievements and the key to his /her success. Before you begin to write, remember to put you information under three headings: Life
Achievements
Key to success.策划：《学生双语报》49Please plan your report according to these steps:
Introduction to the scientist, including dates, where he/she lived and worked and which branch of science;Life of the scientist;Achievements of your chosen scientist;Key to his/her success;General summary of his/her importance in science and why you chose him/her.策划：《学生双语报》50Homework Write a report about a great scientist and ask your partner to read you report and give some advice.策划：《学生双语报》51Take a break!课件81张PPT。Unit 1 Great Scientists What do you know about great scientists? Try the quiz on P1 and find out who knows the most. Warming up1.Which scientist discovered that objects in water are lifted up by a force that helps them float?Archimedes (287-212 BC) an ancient Greek mathematician阿基米德 2.Who wrote a book explaining how animals and plants developed as the environment changed?Charles Darwin (1808-1882) British biologist
author of The Origin of Species 3.Who invented the first steam engine?Thomas Newcomen (1663-1729) British, improved the first steam pump and turned it into a steam engine for taking water out of mines in 1712. 纽科门 发明蒸汽机的并不是瓦特，他是改进纽可门的蒸气机，并发明出双动式，使世界进入了“蒸气时代”。这使他成为第一次工业革命中的名气最大的发明家。
James Watt
(瓦特)James Watt improved it and turned it into the first
modern steam engine used on the railways. 4.Who used peas to show how physical characteristics are passed from parents to their children?Gregor Mendel
(1822-1884) Czech (捷克人) botanist and geneticist孟德尔 5.Who discovered radium?Marie Curie (1867-1934) (Polish and French, won two Nobel Prizes)
a chemist and physicist6.Who invented the way of giving electricity to everybody in large cities?Thomas Edison (1847-1931)
an American inventor7.Who was the painter that studied dead bodies to improve his painting of people? Last SupperMona LisaLeonardo da Vinci 达芬奇
(1452-1519) Italian artist8.Who invented a lamp to keep miners safe underground?Sir Humphry Davy
汉弗来.戴维爵士
(1778-1829)British
an inventor and chemistMiner's Safety Lamp 9.Who invented the earliest instrument to tell people where earthquakes happened?Zhang Heng
(78-139) Chinese, invented seismograph10.Who put forward a theory about black holes?Stephen Hawking
(1942--) a British astronomer and physicistCarl?LinnaeusCarl Linnaeus (1707–1778) lived and worked in Sweden. He succeeded in classifying kinds of plants and animals. His classification has proved very successful and is still used today. Listen to the tape once and tell what this listening passage is about.
This is about a man who wants to name a flower.
This is about a man who finds a flower and wants to own it.
This is about a man who finds a flower and wants to know if it is a new species of flower.CListen to the tape twice and fill in the blanks.Listening-II----filling (5m)specialistbookSweden1707 to 1778biologyyoung plants and animalsbabies eggsproduce seedsgroupseggsfeathersbirdparrotbird, parrotSweden1778biologyyoung plants and animalssort outbirdparrotSpeaking activityDiscuss in groups of four, which field do you want to contribute yourself to in the future? Speaking (3m)Pre-reading (pair discussion)
What five most important
qualities do you think a scientist
should have? Give reasons.
careful clever strict patient
creative strong-willed honest
serious intelligent humorous
ambitious generous
Unit 1 Great Scientists
（reading）Warming upWhat impress you most in 2003?Infectious diseases can be spread easily. They have an unknown cause and may do great harm to people.People could be exposed to infectious diseases, so may animals, such as bird flu.AIDS, SARS are infectious diseases. They are difficult to cure.What do you know about infectious diseases? Pre－readingWhat other infectious diseases do you know?For example: When you eat some seafood……You feel……Maybe you have got ________.CholeraWarming up----questions (2m)Bacteria of choleraDo you know what kind of disease is cholera?It is a kind of terrible disease caused by drinking dirty water and it caused a lot of deaths in the old times and it was very difficult to defeat.water pumpJohn Snow is a well-known doctor in the 19th century in London and he defeated “King Cholera”. ReadingLet’s get to know how Dr. John Snow defeated “King Cholera” in 1854 in London in this reading passage: John Snow Defeats “King Cholera”Task 2: Read and Answer1 Why couldn’t the cholera be under control at first?
2 Which theory did John Snow believe in?
3 Why is there no death at No. 20 and 21 Broad Street as well as at No. 8 and 9 Cambridge Street?
4. To prevent the cholera from spreading again, what did John Snow do?1 Why couldn’t the cholera be under control at first?
2 Which theory did John Snow believe in?
Neither its cause, nor its cure was understood.People absorbed cholera into their bodies with their meals.3.Why is there no death at No. 20 and 21 Broad Street as well as at No. 8 and 9 Cambridge Street?These families had not drunk the water from the Broad Street pump.4 To prevent the cholera from spreading again, what did John Snow do?
Suggested that the source of all water supplies be examined.
Suggested that new methods of dealing with polluted water be found.
Instructed the water companies not to expose people to the polluted water anymore.ComprehendingThe passage is written as a report of an experiment and there are 7 steps:1.Find a problem:(发现问题)
2.Make up a question:(形成研究主题)
3.Think of a method:(找出研究方法)
4.Collect results:(收集材料)
5.Analyse results:(分析材料)
6.Repeat if necessary:(必要时重新分析)
7.Draw a conclusion:(得出结论)Mind Map of the TextJohn Snow Defeats “King Cholera”Paragraph 1: Introduction of John Snow and Cholera
Paragraph 2: Two theories
Find a Problem:Make a question:Paragraph 3-5: Study of the breakout in 1854 What caused the cholera?
Which is right?Paragraph 3: Study of the breakout in 1854
Think of a method:
Collect the result:
Analyze the result:Paragraph 4: Study of the breakout in 1854
Paragraph 5: Study of the breakout in 1854
Analyze the result:Repeat if necessary:
Draw a conclusion:Test two theoriesMark the deathReason for death and no deathFind the resource of the waterFind more evidence.
Cholera was spread by germ
Polluted water carried choleraParagraph 6: Prevention of Cholera
John Snow defeats King CholeraNobody knew the cause of the serious disease of choleraa strange cloud of gas found its victimspeople absorbed the disease with mealsCollect information from the cholera outbreak to prove which theory was correctHe found the cause of cholera was the polluted waterIdea 2. Because the information showed that the dirty water carried choleraHe defeated cholera by examining the water supply and dealing with the polluted water Discussion: Discuss the following questions in groups of four.1.2.3.Cholera was a 19th century disease. What disease do you think is similar to cholera today?John Snow believed Idea 2 was right. How did he finally prove it?Do you think John Snow would have solved this problem with- out the map? Give a reason. Two diseases, which are similar today, are SARS and AIDS because they are both very serious, have an unknown cause and public health care to solve them. John Snow finally proved his idea because he found an outbreak that was clearly related to cholera, collected information and was able to tie cases outside the area to the polluted water.Keys1.2. No. The map helped John Snow organise his ideas. He was able to identify those households that had had many deaths and check their water-drinking habits. He identified those houses that had had no deaths and surveyed their drinking habits. The evidence clearly pointed to the polluted water being the cause.3.Read the passage again and fill in the blanks:
John Snow was a well-known ____ in London in the ___ century. He wanted to find the ______ of cholera in order to ______ it. In 1854 when a cholera ____ out, he began to gather information. He _____ on a map where all the dead people had lived and he found that many people who had drunk the dirty water from the ______ died. So he decided that the polluted water carried cholera. He suggested that the _____ of all water supply be _______ and new methods of ________ with polluted water be found. Finally, “King Cholera” was defeated.doctorcause19thdefeatbrokemarkedpumpsourceexamineddealingLanguage points for warming up 1. explain
explain sb. Sth.
explain sth. to sb .
2. characteristic n./adj.
Some genetic ~s are not obvious.
The two groups of children have quite different ~s.
Forgetfulness is often ~ of aged people.(T)(F)特有的,典型的 pass sth from… “从…处传来，传下“
pass by 路过，经过…
pass down 把…传下来
pass on 传递，传授1.The tradition is __________ their ancestors.
2. This spirit should be passed ______ from generation to generation.
3. Pass the letter ___ to the person next to you .
4. So many people pass ___ and never notice the change.passed fromdownonby3.Who invented the way of giving electricity to everybody in large cities?是谁发明了把电带给大城市中的每个人的办法?
the way of doing sth.= the way to do … “做…..的方法”
She showed us the way of cleaning it.= She showed us the way to clean it.她给我们示范清洗它的办法.
the way引导的定语从句的引导词有三种, 可以用that;可以用in which;还可以省略.
I don’t like the way _____________ you speak to your father.
我不喜欢你跟你父亲讲话的方式.
与way相关的短语:
by the way
by way of …
lose one’s way
no way
feel one’s way
on one’s way to…
in this way=by this means=with this method
(that/ in which)用这种方法顺便说通 过……的方法迷路(俚语) 没门,别想摸黑走,谨慎从事在去…的路上4.Who put forward a theory about black holes?谁提出了黑洞的理论?
put forward
(1) to offer (an idea, suggestion etc.) for consideration 提出(建议等)
(2)推荐某人或自己任职位;提名
我能否提名你当我们的班长?
May I put your name forward as our monitor?The match has been put forward to 1:30.
比赛已经提前到一点半举行。put away 抛弃;舍弃
put down 写下来;记入名单;
put on 穿上;戴上;增加
put off 耽误;延期
put out 熄灭(灯);扑灭 (火)
put up 建立;建造
put up with… 忍受……
You can take anything from the shelf and read, but please ______ the books when you’ve finished with them.
A. put on B. put down C. put back D. put off
conclude: v. 作结论，断定
The jury concluded that he was guilty.
陪审团认定他有罪。
to conclude: 总而言之，总之
To conclude, I want to thank you for your help.
conclusion: n. 结论得出结论arrive at
draw
come to｝a conclusionCheck / examine
check 表示“检验，核对”（看是否正确，是否符合标准）
Let’s send the products to the head of the workshops to be ~ed.
examine 表示“仔细检查，以便发现。”
You’d better have your eyes ~d.
You have to ~ your bag when you enter a foreign country.defeat v./ n.
1.He defeated the champion in three sets.
2.His words completely defeated me.
3.The Party faces defeat in the election.Language points for reading I击败，战胜使困惑win / beat /defeat
win “赢得，获胜” ，后接奖品，奖金，名誉，财产
beat “击败，战胜” ，后接竞争队伍或者对手，敌人
defeat “击败，战胜” ，后接竞争队伍或者对手，敌人，（此用法同beat）; 疾病等1.Mary _____ the first place in the competition.
2. Our school _______________ their school at football.
3. I ________________John at chess yesterday.
wonbeat / defeatedbeat / defeated1.John Snow was a well-known doctor in London---so famous, indeed that he attended Queen Victoria to ease the birth of her babies.约翰.斯诺曾经是一位著名的医生----他的确太富盛名了,以至于维多利亚女王生孩子时都是他去照料,帮助她顺利分娩.
attend v.
(1)to take care; give attention 注意,留意. 如:
We’ll attend to the solution of that problem later.
(2)to take good care of (a sick person, for example)照看,照料.如:医生照看病人.
The doctor attended (on / upon) the patients.(3)to be present at 出席,到场. 如:
attend school 上学
attend a lecture 听讲座
attend church 去教堂
attend (at) a wedding 出席婚礼 attend to
1.处理，办理
我有许多事情要处理。
2. 照顾，照料
先生，有人接待你吗？
Are you being attended to ?
If you go out, I’ll attend to the baby.
3. 专心，注意
If you don’t attend to the teacher,you’ll never learn anything.
attendance n. 照顾，出席I have some important things to attend to.2.But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.exposed to cholera 在句子中是过去分词用作后置定语,表示被动.意为 “患霍乱的”.如:The book written by LuXun is very popular. 鲁迅写的书是很受欢迎的.昨天我们看见的那个人是史密斯先生.The man seen by us yesterday is Professor Smith.发散思维：
exposed adj. 暴露的，暴露于风雨中的，无掩蔽的
exposedness n. 暴露，显露开放思维: expose to 使易受，使受
expose sth to the light of day
把某事暴露于光天化日之下
expose a fraud
揭穿骗局Miles of sand are exposed at low tide.
2.The people of some Asian countries were exposed to the tsunami in 2004.
3. He exposed the crime to the police.
4. He exposed the plan to the newspsper.to uncoverto make suffer to make known3.This was the most deadly disease of its day.
die (v.) dead (adj.) death (n.) deadly adj.
(1).dangerous; likely to cause death 危险的;致命的
a deadly disease / weapon
(2). highly effective against sth. or someone 强有力的;致命的
a deadly remark 击中要害的评论(3). aiming to kill or destroy意在杀死的;不共戴天的:
a deadly enemy 不共戴天的敌人
adv.
(1). Very极度;非常;十分: deadly serious 十分认真
(2). like death 死一般地:
deadly pale 死一般苍白
4.So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.every time 在这里是连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“每次，每当”e.g. Every time I meet him, I always think of the things happened between us.每次见到他，我就想起发生在我们之间的事情。注意: immediately, the moment, directly, instantly 等与 every time一样，都可以用作连词引导时间状语从句，意为 “一…..就”。如：
I will give the letter to him immediately I see him.
我一见到他就把这封信给他。
I came directly I got your letter.
我一接到你的信就来了。
4.The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals .absorb…..into 吸收 如：e.g. The big company has gradually absorbed these small companies into its own organization. 这家大公司逐渐将这些小的公司吞并了。absorb v. (1)吸收（液体）；
Water absorbs oxygen.(2) The clever boy absorbed all the knowledge his teacher could give him.
(3) The book absorbed his attention.
(4) The surrounding small towns have been absorbed into the city.理解,接受吸引(注意力, 兴趣等)使并入,吞并be ～ed in … 被…吸引；专心于；全神贯注于某事 如:
He is absorbed in his book.
The little girl was absorbed in reading a tale. 他发现在两条街道上霍乱流行的特别厉害，在十天之内就死去了五百多人。
5.He found that in two particular streets, the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people had died in 10 days.severe adj. (1)unsparing or harsh, as in treatment of others; strict 严厉的；苛刻的；严格的. 如:
The severe trainer has gone abroad. You can breathe freely again.
(2)causing sharp discomfort or distress; extremely violent or intense; very serious. 剧痛的，剧烈的，严重的，难熬的 如:
a severe attack of toothache.要求苛严的教官已经出国.你可以完全放心。 牙痛的剧烈发作。这张地图提供了一条说明霍乱起因的很有价值的线索。6. The map gave a valuable clue about the cause of the disease.valuable
(1)adj. worth of a lot of money
值钱的，贵重的 如：
The watch is valuable. 这表很值钱。
a valuable diamond. 贵重的钻石。(2) adj. having great usefulness or value 如:
valuable information
(3)n. (常用复数形式)sth that worth a lot of money. 如:
Cathy kept her valuables in a safe.重大的消息凯西把她的贵重物品藏在保险箱里.
7. It seemed the water was to blame.看来霍乱的流行要归罪于饮水了。be+动词不定式，可以表示该做或不该做的事情，相当于must, should, ought to 等。 如：No one is to leave this building without the permission of the police.
没有警察的允许谁也不准离开这栋楼。
You are not to drop litter in the park.
公园里不允许乱丢纸屑。受到责备，主动表被动8.Next,John Snow looked into the source of the water for these two streets.
其次，约翰.斯诺调查了这两条街的水源。look into 往…...里面看；to investigate 检查；了解。 如：
We’ll look into this matter together.
我们将一起调查这个问题。开放思维：
look on 观看，面向，旁观，看待
look out 面朝，留神，照料
look over 从上面看，察看，检查
look around 环顾，观光，察看
look through 看穿，审核，浏览，温习
look up and down 仔细打量，到处寻找
look after 寻求，照顾，关心9.In addition, he found two other deaths in another parts of London that were linked to the Broad Street outbreak.
除此之外，他发现在伦敦的另一个地方有两个死亡的病例与宽街爆发的霍乱有关联。in addition adv. as well as 另外 如：
I paid 100 Yuan in addition.
In addition to English, he has to study a second language. The teacher in addition to two students _______at the meeting.was6. Your composition is quite good
______several mistakes in spelling.
besides ? B. except ?
C. addition to? D. except for
7. I care for nothing ______
the one you bought for me yesterday.
in addition? B. as well as
C. besides? D. apart fromDD（１）besides
(2) except forlink…to... 把…与…连接；联系 如：
Fingerprints linked the suspect to the crime.
指纹证实了嫌疑犯的犯罪事实。
be linked to 连接 如：
The two towns are linked by a railway.10.With this extra evidence John Snow was able to announce with certainty that polluted water carried the disease.announce v. to make known publicly 如：
The captain announced that the plane was going to land.有了这个证据，约翰.斯诺就能够肯定的宣布，这种被污染的水携带病毒。机长宣布飞机就要着陆了。11.The first suggested that cholera multiplied in the air without reason.第一种看法是霍乱病毒在空气中无缘无故地繁殖着.(Suggest 用法参考P43.4,并完成相关的练习)
1.Finish the exercises on your book.
2.Review HomeworkThank you！
