一轮复习专题(湖南省长沙市天心区)
图片预览
文档简介
课件37张PPT。 湖南高考新题型
—阅读简答题解题
探讨
随着新课标的实施和考试改革的不断深
入，高考英语试题的题型也在不断更新。传统
的阅读理解试题侧重了对大家语言输入能力的
考查，而没有体现大家在读完文章之后语言输
出能力的考查，忽略了考生阅读过程中的主观
性，限制了考生对文章信息的主观理解和分
析。考生只是在所给选项中进行选择，而没有
机会进行主观表述。很明显，这种测试形式
不能有效地反映大家的实际阅读理解能力和水
平。 2007年高考英语湖南卷中将出现一个“阅
读简答”新题型。该题型根据高中学生认知特
点和学习发展需要，在检测学生基本语言运用
能力的同时，着重测试学生用英语获取信息、
处理信息、分析和解决问题的能力，用英语进
行思维和表达的能力。简答题为阅读理解中的
第二节，材料为一篇300字左右的文章。考生
阅读文章后，根据各小题的具体要求，简要回
答问题。本节共三个小题，每小题2分，满分6
分。题型分析和解题方法
解答“阅读简答”题，理解是基础。理解是答题的前提和保证，读不懂文章就谈不上解答提问。对高考新题型样题和试卷进行分析，我们可以看出此题对阅读理解能力的要求相当高，涉及词义猜测能力，寻读具体信息能力和综合概括能力。也就是说，此简答题的题型与阅读理解题型基本一致。以问细节类的为主，主旨题、推断题和词汇语义题也各占一定的比例。 1.阅读理解新题型简答题 -----词汇
73. Find in the passage a word closest in
meaning to the underlined word
“_________”. SHISHMAREF, an Eskimo village on an island
off northwestern Alaska, is falling into the ocean.
Giant storm waves have so hit the place ---once
well buffered by sea ice---that villagers voted in
2002 to leave their ancestral home for the
mainland…
Before temperatures began to rise in Shishmaref
about 30 years ago, 20 to 30 miles of hard sea ice
protected the village from powerful fall storms. 【例二】
The world is likely to experience the warmest year on record in 2007, the UK’s Met Office has forecast. An extended warming period, resulting from an EL-Nino weather event in the Pacific Ocean, is likely to push up global temperatures, experts predict.
They say there is a 60% chance that the average surface temperature will exceed the current record from 1998. the forecasters also reveal that 2006 saw the highest average temperature in the UK since records began in 1914.
The global surface temperature is projected to be 0.54℃ above the long-term average of 14 ℃, beating the current record of 0.52 ℃, which was set in 1998.
Beat.What does kill mean ?I love playing cards with Bob, because I kill him every time.我最喜欢和鲍打牌，因为我每回都赢他。 In the basketball game last week, Chinese killed Japanese. 上星期的蓝球赛中国狂胜日本He is a lady killer.He is a girl chaser.他是一个万人迷他是一个花花公子 When Mr.Li was attending Indiana University, one day , an American friend of his told him,”Our chemical Lab had a killer today.” He was shocked by his news, and asked ,”Really? Anyone killed? How many wounded?”
He was equally stunned by what Mr.Li said. Knowing that Mr.Li did not understand what he meant, he hurriedly explained, “No,no! What I mean is that in our Chemical Lab today we had a headache problem.”stunnedshocked简答题猜词应注意以下几点:
注重文中的平行结构及上下文的运用猜词。还应注
意破折号、同位语从句、定语从句、插入句等具有
解释、说明作用的语言成分。
2. 回答的答案要在词性和词形上必须与所给词一致。
此题要求从所给材料中寻找同义或近义词，而不
是你自己根据上下文的推理，推出下划线单词的意
思而写出相应的别的近义词。
3. 要注意可能的变化。公布的样题是找近义词
或同义词，那短语怎么样？反义词又有没有
可能呢? (总之，提醒大家看清要求总没有错。）2.阅读理解新题型简答题------事实细节题 【样题 一】 74. According to the villagers’ saying, what do we know about the sea ice around Shishmaref in the past? （8个词）
要找出相关的问题答案并不太难，答案的出处在“?… But the natives say the ice doesn’t freeze as solidly or as soon as it used to and now stretches only six or seven miles,”
这样设题需要大家具有一定的归纳提炼、抽象概括的能力，在无形中增加了一定的难度。传统的照搬照抄没有用了，只能在词数限定的情况下找到原文相应的位置并将之概括为:
It froze more solidly and sooner.
OR It covered a larger area. 高考新题型样题三
73. What does a man usually do when he is buying clothes? (回答词数不超过10个)
Shopping for clothes is not the same experience for a man as it is for a woman. A man goes shopping because he needs something. His purpose is settled and decided in advance. He knows what he wants, and his objective is to find it and buy it; the price is a secondary consideration. All men simply walk into a shop and ask the assistant for what they want. If the shop has it in stock, the salesman promptly produces it, and the business of trying it on proceeds at once. 【解析】 ：所引用段落为高考题型样题三首段前半部分。问题73很明显是细节题。问题在问：男人在买衣服时经常是怎么做的？带着问题搜索原文，发现答案明显在第五句，“价格是其次的考虑”，但记住不能照搬原文， 进行同义改写后， 正确答案为:
He does not mind the price of right things.What’s the next probable plan of Viesturs?
(回答不超过4个单词)
What’s next for a man who can’t stop climbing? “ I’m going to hug my wife and kids and kind of kick back and enjoy the summer,” says Viesturs. But for a man who’s climbed the world’s 14 tallest mountains, he will probably soon set off on yet another adventure. Climbing another highest mountain. 2). When you run, what do your muscles need?
These scientists have already discovered a lot about our world. For example, they tell us why your heart beats fast when you run. They say that when you are quiet, your heart normally beats 65 to 75 times a minute. Your heart is a pump that pumps blood to all parts of the body. The blood carries oxygen and nutrition. When you run, your muscles work very hard and use the nutrition the blood carries to them. The muscles need oxygen, too. So your brain sends a signal to the heart. The signal means that the muscles need more nutrition and oxygen…more nutrition and oxygen事实细节题应注意以下几点:
1. 解答此类题型，首先要把答案找准，即找到问题中的关键词（线索词）在文章中的大体位置，并尽可能地缩小概括范围，然后再根据要求组织答案。??
2. 此题答案具有开放性，其答案可能没有固定、唯一的答案，要求考生根据短文中的某一细节进行浓缩。 3.阅读理解新题型简答题------主旨大意题 回答这类题的关键是要抓住文章的主题句。文章的主旨句大多出现在三个位置：开头、中间、结尾（含在开头结尾同时出现、首尾呼应的主题句）。但大家应注意尽可能不照抄原句，而需要重新归纳组织、概括。 在许多情况下，尤其在阅读说明文和议论文时，根据其篇章特点我们可以通过寻找短文的主题句来归纳出文章的主题。
1) .主题句出现在文首。开门见山，提出主题，随之用细节来解释、支撑或发展主题句所表达的主题思想。这是英语中最常见的演绎法写作方式。
2).主题句出现在文尾。在表述细节后，归
纳要点、印象、结论、建议或结果，以概括
主题。这是英语中最常见的归纳法写作方式。 ?
3).首尾呼应的写作方法。为突出主题，作者先提出主题，结尾时再次点出主题，这种首尾呼应的写作方式也较为多见。通常，前后表述主题的句子不是简单的重复，后面的表述往往有进一步的引申或发展的意味。
4) 主题句出现在文章的中间。通常前面只提出问题，文中的主题由随之陈述的细节或合乎逻辑的引申在文中导出，而后又作进一步的解释、支撑或发展。
? 然而，并不是所有的主旨类试题都能在原文中找到主题句。对于原文中没有提供主题句的主旨题，就需要大家概括对文章的理解，自己归纳总结答案。
?
【样题二】 73. What is the best title of the passage??
(回答词数不超过10个)
One thing Britain is famous for is pubs, and no trip to the UK would be complete without a visit
to one of the thousands of pubs across the country.
解析：所引用段落为高考新题型样题二的首段。
问题73明显是主旨题。直接对应文章首段首句，
该句是由系动词is构成的判断句，具有高度概括
性，告诉读者整篇文章在围绕英国的 pub在进
行论述，很显然答案是：____________________Pubs in the UK.
【例一】 What would be the best title for this text?
(回答词数不超过6个)
British newspapers are among the oldest and most famous in the world. But recently big changes have seen these traditional publications try to fit the modern world. After 2 year, The Times has changed its size to become much smaller. In fact, the paper has cut its size in half from a broadsheet to a tabloid(小报). Big Changes About British Newspapers. 【例二】 The author used Viesturs’ words in paragraph6. What view does he want to support? (回答词数不超过7个)
The pioneering climber talks about mountains as if they were living creature that should be treated with respect. “You have to use all of your senses, all of your abilities to see if the mountain will let you climb it,” said Viesturs. “If we have the patience and the respect, and if we’re at the right time, under the right circumstances, they allow us to go up, and allow us to come down. Mountains should be regarded as living creatures. 主旨大意题应注意以下两点:
要求考生在通读全文的基础上，认真分析主人公的特定心态、文章大意及作者写作意图，在此基础上，还应做到概括性，针对性，醒目性的有机结合。
但主题句并不明显文章，需要我们通过体会字
里行间的意思从整体上把握文章的主旨，从全
局的角度归纳概括出文章的标题。要防止本末
倒置，主次不分，以点代面，以偏概全。? 这种类型题目的答案在原文中是找不到的，它要求考生进行合理的推断，当然这种推断并非无源之水。文章中的某些用词、语气具有隐含意义（implied meaning），考生要做的只是将这种隐含意义读出来。 4.阅读理解新题型简答题------推理判断题 1. If you are interested in fashion, which of the newspapers in the text you’d like to read?
…Broadsheets such as The Times, The Guardian 《卫报》and The Daily Telegraph 《每日电讯报》are serious papers. They cover a broad range of political, economic and international issues. Their stories are also reasonably long and use quite formal language.
Tabloids (小报) have far more stories about less serious issues such as celebrities’ love lives. Their stories are shorter and use more simple language. Tabloids often have bigger pictures. British’s best-selling newspaper, The Sun, is a tabloid and has a modern girl on page three every day.
The Sun2. What can we infer from paragrah 6? (8 个词)
Comparisons show almost every gene in the mouse has a corresponding (对应的)gene
in humans-a 99 percent similarity that should help to find how each human gene works. Already the work has been able to show that mean and the mouse each have about30,000 genes yet only 300 or so are unique to either species, increasing the value of the lab mouse as a “model” for human genetics. More mice will be used in scientific experiments.推理判断题应注意以下几点:
1. 要整体理解语篇内容，在语篇的表面意义
与隐含意义、已知信息与未知信息间架起桥
梁，透过字里行间，去把握作者的“弦外之
音”。
2. 在进行推理时，一定要仔细阅读短文，千万
不可脱离原文，仅凭个人的看法主观臆断。 简答题常见错误分析
? 简答题的评分原则“评分时应同时考虑内容和语言”，也就是说，内容和语言上的错误是导致失分的主要原因。
内容上出现问题的主要表现是答案不完整或答非所问。其原因在于：
（1）没有找到答案出处；
（2）没有注意问题要求；
（3）受字数限制，在答案组织上有所疏漏。 语言方面的错误大体有两类：
（1）语法错误。如主谓不一致、词汇搭配不
当、时态与原文不对应、句型使用不当等；
（2）语言形式错误，如拼写错误、大小写、标
点符号误用、不符合答题规范等。??
简答题的解题技巧和应试策略归纳如下:
1．读懂问题，查找线索。为了减少或避免在内容错误上失分，考生可先读懂问题，后浏览全文，并在文中标出问题中的线索词，以保证其答案至少在内容上能够做到完整无缺。
?2．语言简练、准确，概括性强。在回答问题时，可采用一些小技巧进行形式上的浓缩，比如，可利用缩写，将could not缩写为couldn’t；把两个词合成一个复合词，比如double-worker；尽量用词或短语代替句子，尽量用简单句代替复合句等。当然解决问题的关键是使自己的语言有概括性??
3．学会抓关键词。一篇文章的关键词构成语篇的精髓，抓住了关键词，不仅有助于理解文章，而且表达上也能言简意赅，正确选用关键词比自己去组织答案要准确、简练得多，也省时省力。 4．注意提问方式和答案的协调性。不同类型的问题要求有不同形式的回答，不能仅仅为了答案的简洁而忽略了问题与回答在形式上的对应。例如：就目的提问，答案就应当用表示目的的用语，如for短语，不定式短语；就原因提问，答案就应当用because of短语或 because从句；提问词是what，只能用名词或名词性短语、名词性从句来回答。掌握这一原则有助于增强考生回答题目的针对性。?? 5．避免语言错误。组织答案要认真细致，避免使用不熟悉的句型、词汇或短语，尽可能利用原文中的关键词语回答问题。要避免语言形式错误，如拼写错误、标点符号错误、大小写，特别是回答问题时要注意首字母要大写。未完成句要注意全句结构是否一致。同时避免语法错误，要注意主谓是否一致、时态与原文是否对应等。总之，简答题基于理解，重在表达，简答题要精炼概括，言简意赅。
简答题的答案要体现“简”与“准”二字。?
—阅读简答题解题
探讨
随着新课标的实施和考试改革的不断深
入，高考英语试题的题型也在不断更新。传统
的阅读理解试题侧重了对大家语言输入能力的
考查，而没有体现大家在读完文章之后语言输
出能力的考查，忽略了考生阅读过程中的主观
性，限制了考生对文章信息的主观理解和分
析。考生只是在所给选项中进行选择，而没有
机会进行主观表述。很明显，这种测试形式
不能有效地反映大家的实际阅读理解能力和水
平。 2007年高考英语湖南卷中将出现一个“阅
读简答”新题型。该题型根据高中学生认知特
点和学习发展需要，在检测学生基本语言运用
能力的同时，着重测试学生用英语获取信息、
处理信息、分析和解决问题的能力，用英语进
行思维和表达的能力。简答题为阅读理解中的
第二节，材料为一篇300字左右的文章。考生
阅读文章后，根据各小题的具体要求，简要回
答问题。本节共三个小题，每小题2分，满分6
分。题型分析和解题方法
解答“阅读简答”题，理解是基础。理解是答题的前提和保证，读不懂文章就谈不上解答提问。对高考新题型样题和试卷进行分析，我们可以看出此题对阅读理解能力的要求相当高，涉及词义猜测能力，寻读具体信息能力和综合概括能力。也就是说，此简答题的题型与阅读理解题型基本一致。以问细节类的为主，主旨题、推断题和词汇语义题也各占一定的比例。 1.阅读理解新题型简答题 -----词汇
73. Find in the passage a word closest in
meaning to the underlined word
“_________”. SHISHMAREF, an Eskimo village on an island
off northwestern Alaska, is falling into the ocean.
Giant storm waves have so hit the place ---once
well buffered by sea ice---that villagers voted in
2002 to leave their ancestral home for the
mainland…
Before temperatures began to rise in Shishmaref
about 30 years ago, 20 to 30 miles of hard sea ice
protected the village from powerful fall storms. 【例二】
The world is likely to experience the warmest year on record in 2007, the UK’s Met Office has forecast. An extended warming period, resulting from an EL-Nino weather event in the Pacific Ocean, is likely to push up global temperatures, experts predict.
They say there is a 60% chance that the average surface temperature will exceed the current record from 1998. the forecasters also reveal that 2006 saw the highest average temperature in the UK since records began in 1914.
The global surface temperature is projected to be 0.54℃ above the long-term average of 14 ℃, beating the current record of 0.52 ℃, which was set in 1998.
Beat.What does kill mean ?I love playing cards with Bob, because I kill him every time.我最喜欢和鲍打牌，因为我每回都赢他。 In the basketball game last week, Chinese killed Japanese. 上星期的蓝球赛中国狂胜日本He is a lady killer.He is a girl chaser.他是一个万人迷他是一个花花公子 When Mr.Li was attending Indiana University, one day , an American friend of his told him,”Our chemical Lab had a killer today.” He was shocked by his news, and asked ,”Really? Anyone killed? How many wounded?”
He was equally stunned by what Mr.Li said. Knowing that Mr.Li did not understand what he meant, he hurriedly explained, “No,no! What I mean is that in our Chemical Lab today we had a headache problem.”stunnedshocked简答题猜词应注意以下几点:
注重文中的平行结构及上下文的运用猜词。还应注
意破折号、同位语从句、定语从句、插入句等具有
解释、说明作用的语言成分。
2. 回答的答案要在词性和词形上必须与所给词一致。
此题要求从所给材料中寻找同义或近义词，而不
是你自己根据上下文的推理，推出下划线单词的意
思而写出相应的别的近义词。
3. 要注意可能的变化。公布的样题是找近义词
或同义词，那短语怎么样？反义词又有没有
可能呢? (总之，提醒大家看清要求总没有错。）2.阅读理解新题型简答题------事实细节题 【样题 一】 74. According to the villagers’ saying, what do we know about the sea ice around Shishmaref in the past? （8个词）
要找出相关的问题答案并不太难，答案的出处在“?… But the natives say the ice doesn’t freeze as solidly or as soon as it used to and now stretches only six or seven miles,”
这样设题需要大家具有一定的归纳提炼、抽象概括的能力，在无形中增加了一定的难度。传统的照搬照抄没有用了，只能在词数限定的情况下找到原文相应的位置并将之概括为:
It froze more solidly and sooner.
OR It covered a larger area. 高考新题型样题三
73. What does a man usually do when he is buying clothes? (回答词数不超过10个)
Shopping for clothes is not the same experience for a man as it is for a woman. A man goes shopping because he needs something. His purpose is settled and decided in advance. He knows what he wants, and his objective is to find it and buy it; the price is a secondary consideration. All men simply walk into a shop and ask the assistant for what they want. If the shop has it in stock, the salesman promptly produces it, and the business of trying it on proceeds at once. 【解析】 ：所引用段落为高考题型样题三首段前半部分。问题73很明显是细节题。问题在问：男人在买衣服时经常是怎么做的？带着问题搜索原文，发现答案明显在第五句，“价格是其次的考虑”，但记住不能照搬原文， 进行同义改写后， 正确答案为:
He does not mind the price of right things.What’s the next probable plan of Viesturs?
(回答不超过4个单词)
What’s next for a man who can’t stop climbing? “ I’m going to hug my wife and kids and kind of kick back and enjoy the summer,” says Viesturs. But for a man who’s climbed the world’s 14 tallest mountains, he will probably soon set off on yet another adventure. Climbing another highest mountain. 2). When you run, what do your muscles need?
These scientists have already discovered a lot about our world. For example, they tell us why your heart beats fast when you run. They say that when you are quiet, your heart normally beats 65 to 75 times a minute. Your heart is a pump that pumps blood to all parts of the body. The blood carries oxygen and nutrition. When you run, your muscles work very hard and use the nutrition the blood carries to them. The muscles need oxygen, too. So your brain sends a signal to the heart. The signal means that the muscles need more nutrition and oxygen…more nutrition and oxygen事实细节题应注意以下几点:
1. 解答此类题型，首先要把答案找准，即找到问题中的关键词（线索词）在文章中的大体位置，并尽可能地缩小概括范围，然后再根据要求组织答案。??
2. 此题答案具有开放性，其答案可能没有固定、唯一的答案，要求考生根据短文中的某一细节进行浓缩。 3.阅读理解新题型简答题------主旨大意题 回答这类题的关键是要抓住文章的主题句。文章的主旨句大多出现在三个位置：开头、中间、结尾（含在开头结尾同时出现、首尾呼应的主题句）。但大家应注意尽可能不照抄原句，而需要重新归纳组织、概括。 在许多情况下，尤其在阅读说明文和议论文时，根据其篇章特点我们可以通过寻找短文的主题句来归纳出文章的主题。
1) .主题句出现在文首。开门见山，提出主题，随之用细节来解释、支撑或发展主题句所表达的主题思想。这是英语中最常见的演绎法写作方式。
2).主题句出现在文尾。在表述细节后，归
纳要点、印象、结论、建议或结果，以概括
主题。这是英语中最常见的归纳法写作方式。 ?
3).首尾呼应的写作方法。为突出主题，作者先提出主题，结尾时再次点出主题，这种首尾呼应的写作方式也较为多见。通常，前后表述主题的句子不是简单的重复，后面的表述往往有进一步的引申或发展的意味。
4) 主题句出现在文章的中间。通常前面只提出问题，文中的主题由随之陈述的细节或合乎逻辑的引申在文中导出，而后又作进一步的解释、支撑或发展。
? 然而，并不是所有的主旨类试题都能在原文中找到主题句。对于原文中没有提供主题句的主旨题，就需要大家概括对文章的理解，自己归纳总结答案。
?
【样题二】 73. What is the best title of the passage??
(回答词数不超过10个)
One thing Britain is famous for is pubs, and no trip to the UK would be complete without a visit
to one of the thousands of pubs across the country.
解析：所引用段落为高考新题型样题二的首段。
问题73明显是主旨题。直接对应文章首段首句，
该句是由系动词is构成的判断句，具有高度概括
性，告诉读者整篇文章在围绕英国的 pub在进
行论述，很显然答案是：____________________Pubs in the UK.
【例一】 What would be the best title for this text?
(回答词数不超过6个)
British newspapers are among the oldest and most famous in the world. But recently big changes have seen these traditional publications try to fit the modern world. After 2 year, The Times has changed its size to become much smaller. In fact, the paper has cut its size in half from a broadsheet to a tabloid(小报). Big Changes About British Newspapers. 【例二】 The author used Viesturs’ words in paragraph6. What view does he want to support? (回答词数不超过7个)
The pioneering climber talks about mountains as if they were living creature that should be treated with respect. “You have to use all of your senses, all of your abilities to see if the mountain will let you climb it,” said Viesturs. “If we have the patience and the respect, and if we’re at the right time, under the right circumstances, they allow us to go up, and allow us to come down. Mountains should be regarded as living creatures. 主旨大意题应注意以下两点:
要求考生在通读全文的基础上，认真分析主人公的特定心态、文章大意及作者写作意图，在此基础上，还应做到概括性，针对性，醒目性的有机结合。
但主题句并不明显文章，需要我们通过体会字
里行间的意思从整体上把握文章的主旨，从全
局的角度归纳概括出文章的标题。要防止本末
倒置，主次不分，以点代面，以偏概全。? 这种类型题目的答案在原文中是找不到的，它要求考生进行合理的推断，当然这种推断并非无源之水。文章中的某些用词、语气具有隐含意义（implied meaning），考生要做的只是将这种隐含意义读出来。 4.阅读理解新题型简答题------推理判断题 1. If you are interested in fashion, which of the newspapers in the text you’d like to read?
…Broadsheets such as The Times, The Guardian 《卫报》and The Daily Telegraph 《每日电讯报》are serious papers. They cover a broad range of political, economic and international issues. Their stories are also reasonably long and use quite formal language.
Tabloids (小报) have far more stories about less serious issues such as celebrities’ love lives. Their stories are shorter and use more simple language. Tabloids often have bigger pictures. British’s best-selling newspaper, The Sun, is a tabloid and has a modern girl on page three every day.
The Sun2. What can we infer from paragrah 6? (8 个词)
Comparisons show almost every gene in the mouse has a corresponding (对应的)gene
in humans-a 99 percent similarity that should help to find how each human gene works. Already the work has been able to show that mean and the mouse each have about30,000 genes yet only 300 or so are unique to either species, increasing the value of the lab mouse as a “model” for human genetics. More mice will be used in scientific experiments.推理判断题应注意以下几点:
1. 要整体理解语篇内容，在语篇的表面意义
与隐含意义、已知信息与未知信息间架起桥
梁，透过字里行间，去把握作者的“弦外之
音”。
2. 在进行推理时，一定要仔细阅读短文，千万
不可脱离原文，仅凭个人的看法主观臆断。 简答题常见错误分析
? 简答题的评分原则“评分时应同时考虑内容和语言”，也就是说，内容和语言上的错误是导致失分的主要原因。
内容上出现问题的主要表现是答案不完整或答非所问。其原因在于：
（1）没有找到答案出处；
（2）没有注意问题要求；
（3）受字数限制，在答案组织上有所疏漏。 语言方面的错误大体有两类：
（1）语法错误。如主谓不一致、词汇搭配不
当、时态与原文不对应、句型使用不当等；
（2）语言形式错误，如拼写错误、大小写、标
点符号误用、不符合答题规范等。??
简答题的解题技巧和应试策略归纳如下:
1．读懂问题，查找线索。为了减少或避免在内容错误上失分，考生可先读懂问题，后浏览全文，并在文中标出问题中的线索词，以保证其答案至少在内容上能够做到完整无缺。
?2．语言简练、准确，概括性强。在回答问题时，可采用一些小技巧进行形式上的浓缩，比如，可利用缩写，将could not缩写为couldn’t；把两个词合成一个复合词，比如double-worker；尽量用词或短语代替句子，尽量用简单句代替复合句等。当然解决问题的关键是使自己的语言有概括性??
3．学会抓关键词。一篇文章的关键词构成语篇的精髓，抓住了关键词，不仅有助于理解文章，而且表达上也能言简意赅，正确选用关键词比自己去组织答案要准确、简练得多，也省时省力。 4．注意提问方式和答案的协调性。不同类型的问题要求有不同形式的回答，不能仅仅为了答案的简洁而忽略了问题与回答在形式上的对应。例如：就目的提问，答案就应当用表示目的的用语，如for短语，不定式短语；就原因提问，答案就应当用because of短语或 because从句；提问词是what，只能用名词或名词性短语、名词性从句来回答。掌握这一原则有助于增强考生回答题目的针对性。?? 5．避免语言错误。组织答案要认真细致，避免使用不熟悉的句型、词汇或短语，尽可能利用原文中的关键词语回答问题。要避免语言形式错误，如拼写错误、标点符号错误、大小写，特别是回答问题时要注意首字母要大写。未完成句要注意全句结构是否一致。同时避免语法错误，要注意主谓是否一致、时态与原文是否对应等。总之，简答题基于理解，重在表达，简答题要精炼概括，言简意赅。
简答题的答案要体现“简”与“准”二字。?