课件20张PPT。反意疑问句各种形式一. 特殊情况: 1.I am a student,___ __?2.There is a book in the desk, ____ _____? 3.It takes me ten hours to work …,_____ __?aren’t Iisn’t theredoesn’t it4.You’d better do it now, _____ ____? 二.当祈使句时，用will you 或won’t you. 1. Open the door,_____ ____(______ ______)?hadn’t youwill youwon’t you2. Don’t open the door _____ ____? 3. Let us have a rest, ____ ___? 4. Let’s have a rest, ____ ____?※※※ will youwill youshall we三.当主语是everything, nothing，something, anything, this, that反意问句主语用it. 1.Nothing can change my idea,____ ___?can it2.That/This isn’t his pen, ___ __? 3.Everything is good, ___ ___? is itisn’t it4.Something is wrong with the bike,____ ___?isn’t it四. 如果主语everybody，everyone, nobody, someone, no one,those,these反意问句主语用they.(即：表示人的不定代词作主语）1. Everybody reads the text , ______ ______? 2.These can do it, ____ ____? 3.No one will come here,____ _____? don’t theycan’t they will they五.如果句子中有否定意味的词时，如：no, not, no one, nobody, nothing, few, little, never, neither, nor, hardly（几乎不）,seldom, （很少)too…to反意问句要用肯定形式.1.He can hardly do it, ___ ___? 2. There is little water in the glass,___ _____? 3.Nobody was here, ____ _____?can he is there were they4. Nothing is too difficult, __ __?5. He has never been to England,____ ____?6. She has few apples,____ ___/___ __? is it has hedoes shehas she7. He is too young to go to school,____ ___? is he8.They won’t do it, _____ _____? will they 9.There is no milk in the glass,____ _____? is there六.当前面有以: I think, I believe 引导的宾语从句时，反意疑问句的主语要和从句的主语一致，如果主语是否定时，由于实质上是否定的是宾语从句，所以反意疑问句要用肯定的形式。但如果不是I think, I believe 时看主句1.I don’t think he can come here,____ ____? 2.I believe she will come here,______ ____? 3. I think Lucy has a new bike,_______ ___?can hewon’t she doesn’t she4.He thinks she can come here,_______ __? 5. He doesn’t think she can come here,____ __? doesn’t hedoes he Exercises:1.There isn’t any water in the lake,____ _____? 2. Everything begins to grow in spring,____ __? 3.She is never late for class, ___ ____? is theredoesn’t it is she 4.He went to school with a big dog,____ __? 5. All the students are working ,______ ____? 6. You know nothing about it,___ ___?didn’t hearen’t they do you7.Don’t have it too much, ____ _____?8.Let us read the dialogue,_____ ___?9.Let’s read the dialogue,_____ ___?will youwill youshall we10.He may be here, ____ __?11.He may come here, ______ ___?isn’t hedoesn’t heHave a nice time课件14张PPT。形容词性从句--定语从句用来修饰名词、代词、句子等，在句中的作用相当于形容词，故称为形容词性从句。Ann Zhao
9/05定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句对被修饰词起到限制、修饰的作用，一般不可缺少。
非限制性定语从句起补充、附带说明作用，缺少也不会影响全句的理解。e.g. She said she had finished her work, which I doubted very much.
I’ve got some personal affairs that I have to deal with.定语从句常用关系词关系代词：who, whom, whose, that, which, as等（在句中作主、表、宾、定等成分）
关系副词：where(on which), when(in which), why(for which)（在句中作状语）
关联词：that（引导表示方式、时间的定语从句）e.g. In this earthquake, the number of people who lost homes reached as many as 250,000. I have many good friends to whom I am going to send postcards. You’re the only person whose advice he might listen to.
The river which runs through the center of the city brings us a lot of pleasure.
He has given us as much advice as he can.
Potato can be grown in places where it is too cold to grow rice.
I don’t like the way (that) you treat us.
定语从句引导词的选择取决于先行词（被修饰词）在定语从句中的位置、成分。
e.g. The people whomwhothat you met in the campus are from Australia.（作宾语）
This was the time whenat which she left for Beijing.
The place which he often visits is always full of artists.使用要点1. 关系代词在从句中作主语时，不能省略。
e.g. The classroom that is on the fourth floor is poorly equipped.
2. 关系代词在从句中作宾语且前面没有介词时，常可省略。
e.g. This is the girl with whom he works.3. 关系副词在定语从句中不可省略。
e.g. I have come to explain the reason why I was absent from the meeting.4. 只用that，不用which的情况：
当先行词有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时；
当先行词前有the only, the very, the last等词修饰时；
当先行词为anything, nothing, something, everything, all, little, much等不定代词修饰时；
当先行词前有all, every, no, some, any, little, much, few等词修饰时；
It is 句型中的引导定语从句时。
5. 只用which，不用that的情况：
引导非限制性定语从句时；
引导词前有介词时；
一个句子中若有两个定语从句，一个用that引导，另一个用which引导；
e.g. He bought a book that could give him much knowledge and which could help him to kill the time.
6. 当those作为先行词指人时，通常只能用who引导；
as 从句的先行词是the same, such, 或被他们所修饰；多用于表示肯定意义的从句中，不用于表否定意义的从句中。
e.g. Many of the sports are the same as they were when they started.
The result was not such as he expected.
It was raining hard, which(as) was unexpected.
8. 介词+关系代词要根据
谓语动词的固定搭配 e.g. This is the evidence with which the case is connected.
先行词 e.g. I’ll never forget the day on whichwhen I joined the party.
c. 句子表达的意思 e.g. The boss in whose department Mr King worked got sacked.
d. 在非限制性定语从句中，名词代词+of+whichwhom表示整体与部分的关系
e.g. The workers, some of whom stayed for four years, came from different countries.
e. 介词的位置一般放在关系代词之前，有时也可放在从句中原来的位置上。
e.g. We did it in the same way in which he didwhich he did in.
9. That 作为关联词可以当作关系副词用
e.g. This is the house in which Louis XIII lived.
This is the house that Louis XIII lived.
This is the house where Louis XIII lived.
This is house which Louis XIII lived in.
This is the house Louis XIII lived in. 定语从句的使用需注意： My brother who is very clever studies chemistry all by himself.
使用定语从句勿滥！可以使用单个形容词，或较短的非谓语动词结构的，尽量使用简略些的方式。使句子读起来更顺口！参考文献：
张道真语法
English Weekly
Thank you for joining us!课件8张PPT。如何改写宾语从句。 1.确定连接词(根据从句的句式) 2.确定从句语序(把从句变成陈述句) 3.确定从句的时态(根据主句时态) 1.确定连接词(根据从句句式)
陈 述 句
that一般疑问句if (whether)特殊疑问句特殊疑问词祈使句肯定句
to+动词原形否定句
not to+ 动词原形3.确定从句的时态(根据主句时态)2.确定从句语序(把从句变成陈述句) 主句时态从 句 时 态连 接 前
连 接 后一般现在时时态保持不变一般过去时
一般现在时一般过去时一般过去时一般过去时一般将来时过去将来时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时 注意：当从句所表述的内容是客 观事 实时，连接后从句的时态不随主句时态的变化而变化，仍用一般现在时.如:
1.把下列句子改为宾语从句. 1.she says, She’ll see a film. She says____she____ ____ a film. 2.Did Peter come here yesterday?Li Lei wants to know. Li Lei wants to know_____Peter___ here yesterday. 3.Where does she live? Mr Hu asked. Mr Hu asked______ ______ ______ 4.She said, Open the windows. She said_____ _____ the windows. thatseeifcamewhereshelivedtoopenwill5.The teacher told us,Don’t play on the street. The teacher told us____ _____ _____ on the street. 6.Our geography teacher told us , The earth goes around the sun. Our geography teacher told us_____ the earth _____ around the sun.not_toplaythatgoes补全对话 Mr Smith: David and Joy , ____ _____,we’re having a family meeting. David: What are we going to_____ ____. Mrs Smith: About where we are going for a ____. Mr Smith: Your mother and I have decided___ ____somewhere in China.Do you kids have any ideas? Joy: I want ____ ____ somewhere warm. David: Yeah. Could we ____ scuba diving? Mr smith: I think that’s a great idea. Mrs Smith: _____ _______ Hainan Island? Joy: Could you tell us ____ ____we’re going to be away? Mr Smith: About two weeks. comeontalkaboutholiday_togotogogoHowabouthowlongDavid: Do you know _______ we can stay _____ the island? Mrs Smith: We don’t know much about Hainan Island, _____, Let’s try____find some information about it, OK? David and Joy: OK! whereoneitherto课件8张PPT。如何改写宾语从句。 1.确定连接词(根据从句的句式) 2.确定从句语序(把从句变成陈述句) 3.确定从句的时态(根据主句时态) 1.确定连接词(根据从句句式)
陈 述 句
that一般疑问句if (whether)特殊疑问句特殊疑问词祈使句肯定句
to+动词原形否定句
not to+ 动词原形3.确定从句的时态(根据主句时态)2.确定从句语序(把从句变成陈述句) 主句时态从 句 时 态连 接 前
连 接 后一般现在时时态保持不变一般过去时
一般现在时一般过去时一般过去时一般过去时一般将来时过去将来时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时 注意：当从句所表述的内容是客 观事 实时，连接后从句的时态不随主句时态的变化而变化，仍用一般现在时.如:
1.把下列句子改为宾语从句. 1.she says, She’ll see a film. She says____she____ ____ a film. 2.Did Peter come here yesterday?Li Lei wants to know. Li Lei wants to know_____Peter___ here yesterday. 3.Where does she live? Mr Hu asked. Mr Hu asked______ ______ ______ 4.She said, Open the windows. She said_____ _____ the windows. thatseeifcamewhereshelivedtoopenwill5.The teacher told us,Don’t play on the street. The teacher told us____ _____ _____ on the street. 6.Our geography teacher told us , The earth goes around the sun. Our geography teacher told us_____ the earth _____ around the sun.not_toplaythatgoes补全对话 Mr Smith: David and Joy , ____ _____,we’re having a family meeting. David: What are we going to_____ ____. Mrs Smith: About where we are going for a ____. Mr Smith: Your mother and I have decided___ ____somewhere in China.Do you kids have any ideas? Joy: I want ____ ____ somewhere warm. David: Yeah. Could we ____ scuba diving? Mr smith: I think that’s a great idea. Mrs Smith: _____ _______ Hainan Island? Joy: Could you tell us ____ ____we’re going to be away? Mr Smith: About two weeks. comeontalkaboutholiday_togotogogoHowabouthowlongDavid: Do you know _______ we can stay _____ the island? Mrs Smith: We don’t know much about Hainan Island, _____, Let’s try____find some information about it, OK? David and Joy: OK! whereoneitherto课件21张PPT。The Object Clause 宾语从句一．概念：The Object Clause（宾语从句）二．结构： 宾语从句在复合句中作
主句的宾语Mother knows (that) Jim will work hard.
主句 宾语从句 主 句 ＋ 宾 语 从 句
（主+谓）（引导词+主+谓+其他成分）
陈述句三．方法：
（1）找出主句；
（2）引导词：
1. that；
2. if/whether；
3. 连接代词/连接副词------
what,who,where,how
（3）从句为陈述语序
（4）标点符号
（5）时态（主句的谓语动词是过去时，
从句的时态也应是过去的时态）四．注意： 1.主句的谓语动词是过去时，
从句所叙述的是客观真理、格言时，
从句时态无需改变，还是用一般时。
2.否定的转移，在think, believe,
supose等动词引起的宾语从句中，
有时谓语尽管是否定意思，却不用
否定形式，却将think等动词变为
否定形式。 The teacher said (that) the earth
goes around the sun.
I don’t think you are right. 一．选择填空：
１．Can you tell me ___________?
A. where is she B. she is where C．where she is D. is she where
２．Do you know____________?
A.when will the film begin
B. when the film will begin
C. the film will when begin
D. when the film begin will．ＣＢ３．Could you tell me_______in your
class?
how many students are there
B. how many are there students
C. are there how many students
D. how many students there are
４．I don’t know______________.
A.where she live
B. where she lives in
C. where she lives
D. where does she liveＤＣ５．The old man wanted to know______.
A．who’s drawing it is
B. whose drawing it was
C. whose drawing was it
D. who drawing it was６．Does he know___________?
A．where is the nearest bookshop
B．where can he find the nearest bookshop
C. where the nearest bookshop is
D. where does he find the nearest bookshopＢＣ７．Could you tell me____________?
Ａ．whether does Kate’s father know Chinese
Ｂ．if does Kate’s father know Chinese
Ｃ．whether Kate’s father knows Chinese
Ｄ．which Kate’s father knows ChineseＣＣ８．Please tell me_________with you.
Ａ．what wrong is B. is what wrong
C. what’s wrong D. is wrong what９．He asked_________.
Ａ．which picture Meimei was
Ｂ．which picture had Meimei
Ｃ．which picture was Meimei’s
Ｄ．which picture had Meimei’s１０．The teacher asked them________.
Ａ．what they studied English for
Ｂ．what did they study English for
Ｃ．what do they study English for
Ｄ． they studied English for what?ＣＡ11.Could you tell me we will have
the meeting this afternoon?
A. that B. whom
C. what D. where
12. I don’t know if he .
He’ll come if it .
A. comes; won’t rain
B. will come; doesn’t rain
C. comes; doesn’t rain
D. will come; won’t rainＤＢ13. Is that a boy swimming in the lake?
I can’t find out it’s a boy a girl.
A. if; and B. that; and
C. whether; or D. either; or 14. I don’t know he still lives
here after so many years.
A. whether B. where C. what D. when15. He told me that the sun in the east.
A. rises B. raises C. rose D. raisedＣＡＡ16. I don’t think he is having a
meeting, ?
A. does he B don’t I
C. is he D. isn’t he17.I think he back next week.
A. come B. will come
C. came D. has comeＣＢ18. Xiao Mao told me he a film
with his mother the next day.
A. would see B. will watch
C. would look D. will see 19. He said that he speak a little
English when he was five.
A. might B would C. could D. can
ＡＣ２．Where does her aunt live?
Could you tell me her aunt ? 二．完成下列宾语从句。１．English is very interesting.
All of us say English very interesting.
that iswherelives
５．Has Mr. Green returned to America?
He asked Mr. Green returned to America.４．How can I get to the nearest post office?
Please tell me get to the nearest post office.
３． Will they be back in two days?
Could you tell us they be back in two days ? ifwillhowifIcanhad６．Can Miss Li drive a bus?
Do you know Miss Li drive a bus? ７．He isn’t a Chinese teacher.
I don’t think he a Chinese teacher . ８．Did Lilei work out the difficult problem by himself?
Can you tell me Lilei out the difficult problem by ?ifworkedcanifishimselfthat１１．Has the old man had his supper?
I don’t know the old man his supper.１０．Are they getting ready for the exam now?
I don’t know they getting ready the exam now.９．Whose schoolbag is that?
Does anybody know whose schoolbag
?ifareforisthatifhadhas１２．Is he an English student?
She asked me he English student.１３．Where has he been?
The boss asked John where he .
ifanwashadbeen 三．中译英： １．她说她在给她的父母亲写信。
She said (that) she was writing to her
parents. ２．我认为他们不会赢。
I don’t think (that) they will win.３．你问了Kate她将什么时候归还那本书吗？
Did you asked Kate when she would
return that book?４．我想知道你父亲在哪儿工作？
I want to know where your father works.５．我不知道他是否会开汽车。
I don’t know if he can drive a car.６．老师告诉我们地球绕着太阳转。
The teacher told us (that) the earth
goes round the sun.
７．我的老师问我寒假期间是否回家乡。
My teacher asker me if I would go back
my hometown during the winter holiday.
课件11张PPT。Unit2
The Predictive ClausewelcomeRevision：
定语从句的功用：
相当于一个形容词，修饰一个名词或代词（即先行词）。常紧跟在先行词后，作定语用。如：I don’t like the man who wears a beard.宾语从句的功用：相当于一个名词，作及物动词、
形容词或介词后的宾语表语从句的功用： 如：I don’t know where I can got so much money.
It depends on whether we have enough money.
I am sure that he will come this afternoon.相当于一个名词，作连系动词
如:be,look,taste,seem 等后的表语。一、表语从句的定义：表语从句在复合句中作主句的表语。表语从句和主语指同一内容，它对主语进行解释、说明，使主语的内容具体化。二、表语从句的表现形式1.由从属连词引导。如：“that”,“whether”
The question is whether we should ask them for help.
The trouble is that he has never done the work before.2.由连接代词引导。如：“what” “who”“whom”“whose” “which”
Guilin is not what it used to be.
What she wants to know is which dress she should buy.3.由连接副词引导。如：“when”“why”“where”“how”“because”
That is where Lu Xun used to live.
That is why he didn’t pass the exam.4.另可由as if ,as though引导。如：
It looks as if it were going to rain.表语从句两大要素:除that外的所有引导词都有自己的意义。
除that,whether外的所有引导词都须在从句中充当相应的成分。一些引导词的用法（一） that在表语从句中 ,又 。
The fact is that he hasn’t yet recover from illness.
The reason why he has to go is that his mother is ill in bed.
既不充当成分 没有意义比较在定语从句中的用法。
There are some films that I’d like to see.
She is the only one among us that knows French.
结论:that 在引导定语从句时,指事物,也可指人,
在从句中作主语或宾语,作宾语时常可省略。
一些引导词的用法（二）What 在表语从句中充当 表示
.
1. The question is what caused the accident.
2. That mountain is no longer what it used to be .
3. What he told you was what had been discussed at the meeting.
主语、宾语或表语什么，什么样子，或所……的（人或事）另： what 不引导定语从句一些引导词的用法（三） Which 在引导表语从句时,常充当_____________
表示 。如：
I read about it in some book or another,but what I don’t know is which (book) it is.
比较在定语从句中的用法。
China is a country which has a history of 2000 years.
A dictionary is a book which gives the meaning of words. 定语,表语其中哪一个结论: which在引导定语从句时,指事物,
在从句中作主语或宾语,作宾语时常可省略一些引导词的用法（四） 当主句的主语为reason,或者是why由引导的从句时,与它们相关的表语从句用_________,而不能由_______ 引导; because 引导表语从句时只能用于___________________________ 句型中.如:
The reason why I was late was that I missed the train.
I was late. It/That/This was because I missed the train.that来引导becauseIt/That/This is /was because…一些引导词的用法（五）whether在表语从句中表 ,但不充当句子的成分。if 引导表语从句.如:
What the doctor really doubts is whether my mother will recover from the serious disease soon“是否”不能Li Lei is now in a new jacket. He looks as if he were an American boy.
The girl is giving us a vivid description of the moon. It seems as if she had been to the moon many times.
It looks as if it might rain.
The clouds are gathering.it looks as if it is going to rain.一些引导词的用法（六）由as if ,as though引导表语从句时要注意语态.若从句表示与现在事实相反,谓动用 ,
与过去事实相反用 或表示将来的可能性不大，则用 .一般过去式（be用were）had+p.p.Would(might,could)+v原Thank you!
