Topic 2 How does pollution hurt the earth?(广东省广州市东山区)

Unit 2
Topic 2
Section A
The main activities are 1a and 2. 本课重点活动是1a和2。
Ⅰ. Teaching aims and demands 教学目标
1. Learn a new word:
behavior
2. Learn the indefinite pronoun and adverb.
(1) But the government has done something useful to protect the environment.
(2) As we know, none of us likes pollution.
(3) Don’t spit everywhere.
(4) Everyone should care for wild animals and plant more trees.
(5) We should do everything we can to protect the environment.
3. Learn the importance of protecting the environment.
Ⅱ. Teaching aids 教具
教学图片/录音机/小黑板/幻灯片
Ⅲ. Five-finger Teaching Plan 五指教学方案
Step 1 Review 第一步 复习(时间:15分钟)
(教师展示几幅工业区的图片，让学生两人一小组讨论图画里污染的种类，复习并引出新的词汇和语法。)
T: Look at the pictures carefully, work in pairs, then discuss the questions:
(教师，用多媒体出示小黑板上的问题。)
T: What can you see in Picture 2
S1: I can see some litter.
S2: I can see litter everywhere.
(教师指着图片上的垃圾。)
T: Yes, we can see litter here and there.
(板书)
here and there→everywhere
T: What can you see in Picture 1
S3: I can see factories producing terrible gas.
T: What can you see in Picture 4
S4: A person can’t stand the noise.
S5: …
T: From the pictures, we know there are some kinds of pollution in the industry area. What are they
Ss: They are air pollution, noise pollution, litter and so on.
T: Very good!
(教师指着图片说。)
T: The people in the area can’t stand the environment. Are pollution problems in the area serious
Ss: Yes.
T: As a result, pollution problems in the area have become serious problems.
(板书并讲解。)
as a result
T: Do you like pollution
Ss:No.
T: Nobody likes pollution. Of course, none of us likes pollution.
(板书并讲解。)
none of us
T: So we should do something useful to protect the environment. Environment is important to us. I think everyone should care for the environment. We should do everything we can to protect it.
(板书)
something, everyone, everything, nobody, everywhere
(让学生注意所列单词，教师解释它们是不定代词或不定副词。)
T: Please pay attention to these words, they are called indefinite pronoun or adverb.
Step 2 Presentation 第二步 呈现(时间:7分钟)
1. (教师放1a录音，学生不看书回答问题，培养学生的听力和语言表达能力。)
T: Everyone of us should protect the environment. But it’s not enough, we still need the government’s efforts to protect it. Listen to 1a. Has the government done anything useful to protect the environment Answer my question according to what you heard, please don’t look at your book.
(学生听录音后。)
Ss: Yes, the government has done something useful to protect the environment.
2. T: Listen to the tape again, answer the question “Which country has become the world’s largest producer and user of coal ”.
(再放录音。)
3. (让学生再读一遍1a，找出语言点、生词和带有不定代词的句子，让学生尽量提出不懂之处，自己讨论解决问题，以体现学生的自主能动性，老师补充讲解，并板书要点。)
T: Please read 1a again, and find out the grammar points, new words and the sentences with indefinite pronoun.
(板书)
① It says that …它提到……② none ofone of +名词复数/复数人称代词宾格every one of ③ here and there 到处，各处；零散地
Step 3 Consolidation 第三步 巩固(时间:8分钟)
1. (听1a录音，学生跟读注意语音语调。)
T: Please read after the tape. Pay attention to the pronunciation and intonation.
2. (让学生最后齐读对话，以巩固、加强并完成1b。)
T: Now, let’s read this dialog together again, and then try to answer the questions in 1b as quickly as you can.
(教师让学生回答问题，然后完成1b。)
3. (最后让学生分组活动, 仿照1a编写对话，以达到学以致用的目的。)
T: OK, please work in pairs. Try to make a new dialog with your partners according to the dialog in 1a. Three minutes later, I’ll ask some pairs to act out your own dialog in the front of the classroom.
Taking G1 for example:
S7: Hi, S8, what are you doing now
S8: I’m reading a book.
S7: What’s it about
S8: It’s about the environment in the world. It says that our environment is getting worse and worse. And the pollution has been the most serious problem in the world.
S7: Yes. But it’s lucky that lots of governments have done a lot of useful things for the protection of environment.
S8: It’s known that nobody likes pollution. But what should we do as students
S7: I think, first, every one of us should try to protect the environment around us and we shouldn’t spit or throw the rubbish here and there. We should protect the wild animals and plants.
S8: That’s right, we should do as much as possible to protect our earth.
Step 4 Practice 第四步 练习(时间:10分钟)
1. (教师从不良的行为引出新词汇和短语。)
(展示图片。)
(指第一幅图片。)
T: The classroom is not tidy. It’s untidy(教师重复读untidy并释义。)
(指第二幅图片。)
T: They use rude words to talk.(教师释义，领读rude。)
(指第三幅图片。)
T: What are they doing
Ss:They are making loud noises.
(教师指着三幅图片。)
T: These are bad behaviors. What should we do to stop the bad behaviors
(教师板书，并释义behavior。)
S1:Ask them not to do that.
S2: Ask the school to make some rules.
T: Yes, we should make rules to change the situation. Is it hard for you to obey the rules
Ss: Yes.
T: Maybe it’s hard for you in the beginning. But you will get used to it later on.
(教师板书并讲解。)
in the beginning
2. (教师让学生用不定代词或不定副词完成这封信。)
T: Please read 2. Choose the proper words to fill in the blanks.
(教师与学生核对答案。让学生仔细认真地读这封信，分析不定代词和不定副词在句中的成分。引导学生总结出不定代词/副词的用法。)
3. (教师用图片作引导，让学生对新的语法进行训练达到学以致用的目的。)
(展示一系列图片/有标语的图片。)
T: We know we should protect the environment. As students, what should we do To answer this question, you should use the indefinite pronouns or adverbs in your sentences.
(教师可做适当的引导。)
S1: None of us can step on the grass.
S2: Don’t throw rubbish everywhere.
S3: Nobody can pick the flowers.
S4: Don’t spit everywhere.
S5: Everyone should care for wild animals.
T: Yes, you are right. We should do everything we can to protect the environment.
4. (听录音排列顺序。)
T: Listen to the tape and finish part 3.
(教师与学生核对答案，然后解释语言点。)
(板书)
disappearin danger of disappearingcome to realize
Step 5 Project 第五步 综合探究活动(时间:5分钟)
1. Make a survey. (让学生调查周围的人，有哪些不良的行为，应如何解决。)
Bad behaviors Solutions
2. Homework:
(从保护环境入手，让学生课后制定一些校规或班规。)
板书设计：
All these problems are very serious. Section Aas a result none ofhere and there=everywhere every one of +plural nouns/plural personal pronoun one of objective casetidy——untidy infinitive pronouns: something, everything, anythingin the beginning everyone, everybody, anybody, nobody, none, others, other It says that … indefinite adverb: everywhere
Section B
The main activities are 1a and 2. 本课重点活动是1a和2。
Ⅰ. Teaching aims and demands 教学目标
1. Learn some new words and phrases:
sand, cut down, change … into …, prevent, prevent … from, although, cut off, leader
2. Learn to talk about pollution and its harm.
3. Review the indefinite pronoun and adverb.
Ⅱ. Teaching aids 教具
录音机/图片
Ⅲ. Five-finger Teaching Plan 五指教学方案
Step 1 Review 第一步 复习(时间:10分钟)
1. (收集上节课布置的作业，把写得好的贴在学校的板报上或教室的墙上，教师展示图片， 让学生判断是好的行为还是坏的行为，并复习不定代词和不定副词。)
(教师示范，然后让学生描述。)
T: Look at picture 1. Is the classroom tidy
Ss:Yes.
T: The classroom is tidy. Nobody throws litter about, so it’s a good behavior.
(让学生分组讨论。)
T: Now, please discuss the pictures in groups.
T: Look at picture 2. What about this picture
Group 1: The panda is crying. It hasn’t enough food to eat. Someone must do something bad to destroy the environment. So it is a bad behavior.
T: Very good! What about picture 3
Group 2: Some children are making loud noise. It’s a bad behavior.
T: They may disturb …
Group 2: They may disturb others.
T: Great! What about picture 4
Group 3: Someone throws litter about. So it’s a bad behavior.
T: Good. What about picture 5
Group 4: A group of children are planting trees. Everyone should plant more trees. It’s a good behavior.
(图片6许多树被砍掉。)
T: Look at the picture. Is it good behavior or bad behavior
Ss:It’s bad behavior.
T: Why
Ss:Everyone should plant more trees.
T: Yes. But people are cutting down trees.
(板书)
cut down 砍掉
T: Trees can stop the wind from blowing the earth away. And they can prevent the water from
washing the earth away.
(教师解释“prevent”here means“stop”。)
(板书)
prevent … form = stop … from
T: If people cut down too many trees, what will happen
(教师展示图片7。)
Ss: The land will change into desert.
T: (教师指着图片。) It’s a picture of desert.
(板书)
change into, desert
T: Why will the rich land change into desert
S1:Without trees, wind will blow the earth away.
S2:Without trees, water will run away.
T: You’re right. The land will lose water and the earth, leaving only sand.
(教师释义领读sand一词。)
T: From the pictures, we know, although we have done something useful to protect the environment, it’s not enough. We should work harder.
(教师释义，重复读although。)
Step 2 Presentation 第二步 呈现(时间:8分钟)
1. (听1a录音回答问题。)
T: Listen to the tape, answer the questions on the blackboard.
(板书)
(1) What’s the weather like today (2) What should we do to protect the environment
2. (听录音后，教师提问学生，完成黑板上的问题。)
T: OK, now, I’ll ask some students to answer the questions one by one according to the dialog.
Who can answer the first question
S1: …
S2: …
3. (让学生分成小组，读1a，提出不懂之处。小组内讨论解决各自提出的问题，最后全班共同讨论解决。用此方式可以让学生充分参与到教学过程中来，进行自主探究学习，教师做补充讲解。)
T: OK, please work in groups. Talk about the language points and difficult points with your partners. I’ll ask some students to give your results to class.
(板书)
1. I can’t see anything.2. cut down 3. change …into …4. stop / prevent … from doing sth. 5. Although …/ …but …
Step 3 Consolidation 第三步 巩固(时间:7分钟)
1. (让学生跟读1a录音，并注意语音语调。)
T: Now, please read after the tape. And pay attention to the pronuciation and intonation.
2. (让学生两人一组表演这个对话，稍后检查活动成果。)
T: Please work with your deskmates. After a while, I’ll ask several groups to act out this dialog.
GA: …
GB: …
3. (在上述练习的基础上，让学生试着复述对话。)
T: Now. I’ll ask two students to retell the dialog in your own words.
For example:
While Kangkang was walking down the street just now, his face hurt, because the wind is blowing strongly with lots of sand. He can’t see anything. What causes the bad weather Because people have cut down too many trees. Trees can stop …
4. (让学生看1b的图片，完成1b。)
T: Let’s look at the picture in 1b. Make some notes according to 1a about the picture by yourselves.
(教师让学生完成后，让学生一个接一个地把自己写的答案读出来。)
T：Please read your notes one by one.
S1: …
5. (有了以上关于污染问题知识的积累，学生能两人一组很容易地完成1c。然后教师核对答案。)
T: We have known more about pollution. Do you know the relation among trees, man and sandstorms OK. Let us finish 1c.
Step 4 Practice 第四步 练习(时间:10分钟)
1. (教师展示一条被污染的河的图片，引出2中新的词汇。)
T: Look at the picture. What can you see in the river
Ss: We can see some waste in the river.
T: Is the waste harmful
Ss: Yes, of course.
T: So the harmful waste polluted the river.
(教师引导学生猜测pollute的词义和词性并板书。)
T: Can people drink the water in the river
Ss: No.
T: So we have to cut off people’s water supply.
(教师做切断的手势帮助学生理解。)
(板书并讲解。)
cut off
T: You know, there won’t be living things without water, water is important to human beings, too. And we should ask the government to pay attention to it. We should let the leaders care for it. (教师解释，重复读leader。)
(教师让学生读2中的材料，讨论后编出一份有关内容的对话。)
T: look at the materials in 2, please make a dialog according to the materials.
For example A:
S1: What’s the report about
S2: It’s about pollution of the Songhua River.
S1: What happened to the Songhua River
S2: Harmful waste from a chemical factory polluted it.
S1: What did it cause
S2: It caused Harbin city to cut off its water supply for five days.
S1: Oh, it’s too bad. Did the leaders know it
S2: Yes. The leaders paid high attention to this event.
S1: How important the water is to human beings!
S2: Yes, let’s protect it from now on.
S1: OK. Let’s be greener people together.
Step 5 Project 第五步 综合探究活动(时间:10分钟)
1. (结合课本上2里呈现的现实生活中所发生的不幸事件，让学生讨论水的重要性，可联系八年级上的第四单元来做此项讨论。可以再拓展到如何节水？为什么节水？节水可以为我们带来什么好处？)
T: OK. We know an unlucky accident happened in the Songhua River on November 23, 2005. This terrible accident made Harbin city cut off its water supply for five days. Water is very important to human beings. Now please talk about the following questions:
(1) What’s the importance of water
(2) How should we save water
(3) Why do we save water
(4) What’s the importance of saving water
(讨论完后汇报结果。教师不要限制学生的思维，应尽量让他们说出自己独到的见解。)
2. Homework:
(1) Find out more information about water.
(2) Try to find more ways of saving water. Give some advice on how to save water.
板书设计：
All these problems are very serious. Section Bcut down 1. What’s the weather like today change into desert 2. What should we do to protect the environment human beings although …/ … but … cut offpay high attention toprevent … from …=stop … from …
Section C
The main activity is 1a. 本课重点活动是1a。
Ⅰ. Teaching aims and demands 教学目标
1. Learn some new words:
hole, rise, level
2. Learn to talk about the harm of pollution:
(1) Farmland has become desert, so more and more different sorts of animals and plants are disappearing.
(2) Many rivers and lakes are now dead.
(3) Too much harmful radiation now reaches the earth.
(4) It causes the level of the sea to rise and the climate of the earth to change.
3. Develop the students’ sense of environment protection.
Ⅱ. Teaching aids 教具
录音机/多媒体图片/小黑板
Ⅲ. Five-finger Teaching Plan 五指教学方案
Step 1 Review 第一步 复习(时间:8分钟)
(教师从日常用语引出复习的内容和新的词汇。)
T: What’s the weather like today
Ss: It’s …
T: As we know, Beijing often has sandstorms in spring. What causes the bad weather
Ss: Cutting down too many trees.
T: Yes. Cutting down too many trees causes bad weather. Now the weather is becoming worse
and worse. People say that the temperature of the earth is becoming higher and higher. And
it is rising all the time. As a result, the level of the sea is rising and the climate of the earth is changing.
(教师板书并讲解rise, level, climate。)
T: Cutting down trees can cause other problems, too. What are they
S1:The water and the earth will run away.
T: Yes. Then farmers have not enough farmlands to grow crops.
(教师解释farmland。)
Step 2 Presentation 第二步 呈现(时间:12分钟)
1. (教师通过让学生以组为单位讨论其他破坏环境的因素,来引出本课的词汇和内容。)
T: Cutting down too many trees destroys our environment. What other things can destroy our
environment Please discuss this question!
(学生两人一组讨论。)
T: Who can answer this question
Group 1: Cars and buses can destroy our environment.
Group 2: Factories can …
Group 3: Throwing litter about …
Group 4: Burning coal, oil …
Group 5: …
(出示多媒体图片。)
T: Yes. Let’s look at the picture. There is a blanket around the earth. But it’s not a real “blanket”. You know, burning coal will produce terrible gas. Among the terrible gas, carbon dioxide is the main one.
(教师领读blanket, carbon dioxide。)
T: We breathe out carbon dioxide, and what do we breathe in
Ss:“氧气”。
T: Yes, it’s oxygen.
T: If carbon dioxide in the air increases, what will happen
Ss: The temperature will rise.
T: You’re right. But why Because the heat from the sun can’t escape.
(教师解释并领读escape。)
T: So the greenhouse effect will happen.
(教师领读the greenhouse effect。)
(教师出示一张带洞的白纸。)
T: It’s a paper with a big hole.
(板书并讲解hole。)
T: We call it “a hole in the ozone layer. ”
(教师解释并领读ozone layer。)
T: The ozone layer is helpful to the earth because it can prevent the earth from being hurt by harmful rays from the sun. Now people are destroying the ozone layer, much harmful radiation reaches the earth. Here“radiation”mainly refers to the radiation from the sun.
(板书)
ray, radiation It can prevent the earth from being hurt.
(教师解释，并让学生反复读ray, radiation。)
2. T: Please turn to Page 37, read the passage and then choose a proper title for each paragraph from the phrases in the box Please work alone.
(学生完成后与教师核对答案。)
3. (教师出示小黑板上的问题，让学生再读一遍课文后回答。)
1. Have we changed our planet in many ways 2. Are people have done good for the earth 3. Why are more and more different sorts of animals and plants disappearing 4. Are many rivers and lakes dead now 5. Is ozone helpful to the earth Why 6. Has carbon dioxide in the air increased a lot
(让学生个别回答，完成小黑板上的问题。)
4. (让学生再次读课文，完成1b。)
T: Read the passage again, finish 1b alone.
(学生完成后，教师与他们核对答案。)
Step 3 Consolidation 第三步 巩固(时间:8分钟)
1. (放1a录音，让学生跟读两遍，注意语音和语调。)
T: Read the passage after the tape, pay attention to the pronunciation and intonation.
2. (让学生齐读课文，保证每一个学生参与其中。)
T: Now please read the passage together!
3. (教师让学生讨论并找出新的或不懂的语言点，教师解释，培养学生的自主学习能力。)
Step 4 Practice 第四步 练习(时间:10分钟)
1. (让学生分组讨论，完成2。)
T: Please read the passage again, find out the meanings of the following expressions in 2, and then discuss how they affect the environment.
(学生讨论后，与教师核对答案。)
2. (让学生两人一组讨论，完成下面的表格。)
T: How many kinds of pollution are mentioned in the passage How do they affect our environment Read 1a again, then finish the form on the blackboard.
(板书)
Kinds of pollution Effects
Step 5 Project 第五步 综合探究活动(时间:7分钟)
1. (到目前为止，污染危害地球的方式已基本介绍完毕，可以让学生做专题讨论，以锻炼他们组织语言的综合能力。在此过程中，鼓励学生大胆发挥，做最大程度的拓展性讨论，最后通过汇报，教师检验活动成果。)
T: OK, until now, we have learned so many kinds of pollution. Now please work in groups and discuss them. After a moment, I’ll ask some students to report it.
2. Homework:
Write an article about the pollution.
板书设计：
All these problems are very serious. Section Cmillions of … It can prevent the earth from being hurt. around the earth The temperature is rising. greenhouse effectthe level of the seathe climate of the earthrefer to
Section D
The main activities are 1a和4. 本课重点活动是1a和4。
Ⅰ. Teaching aims and demands 教学目标
1. Go on learning to talk about the harm of pollution.
2. Review the indefinite pronoun and adverb:
(1) None of us likes pollution.
(2) Don’t spit everywhere.
(3) Everyone should care for wild animals and plant more trees.
(4) We should do everything we can to protect the environment.
3. Go on developing the students’ sense of environment protection.
Ⅱ. Teaching aids 教具
录音机/小黑板
Ⅲ. Five-finger Teaching Plan 五指教学方案
Step 1 Review 第一步 复习(时间:8分钟)
(教师通过复习上一课的内容为学习新词汇做准备。)
T: After learning Section C, we have known that many kinds of pollution affect our environment. How does cutting down too many trees affect our environment
S1: Some farmlands have changed into deserts.
S2: More and more different sorts of animals and plants are disappearing.
S3: The weather is getting worse and worse.
T: Very good. How do cars and buses affect our environment
S4: They have polluted the air.
S5: They have caused noise pollution.
S6: …
T: How do factories affect our environment
S7: They / Factories have polluted the air and the water.
S8: Factories are destroying ozone layer.
S9: They have caused the greenhouse effect.
S10: ……
Step 2 Presentation 第二步 呈现(时间:12分钟)
1. T: We know, many factories are destroying our environment seriously. How does the rubbish harm our environment
Ss: The rubbish influences the look of our city.
T: Can people find land to do anything else
Ss:No.
T: You’re right. Because the rubbish takes up the land.
(板书并讲解)
take up
T: How do people deal with the rubbish
Ss:We often see some people putting the rubbish into the land.
T: Yes. They have dealed with the rubbish in this way. What should we do to deal with the rubbish
Ss:We should collect the rubbish.
T: Yes. We should collect the rubbish to recycle it.
(教师板书并讲解recycle。)
(教师领读生词，让学生注意发音。)
T: Everyday, we produce lots of rubbish. Please read 1a, and find out the answer to the question: “How many tons of waste do people produce in Hong Kong every year ”
(读完后学生与教师核对答案。)
2. (让学生再读1a，回答小黑板上的问题。)
T: Please read 1a again and find out the answers to the questions on the small blackboard.
(出示小黑板。)
1. How many tons of waste are produced every year in Britain 2. How much waste is put into the land in Britain 3. Is it easy to find new land to put rubbish in 4. Can all of the rubbish be recycled
3. (找学生回答，并一起核对答案, 然后让学生完成1b。)
T: Well done! Next let us finish 1b according to 1a.
(学生完成后与教师核对答案。)
Step 3 Consolidation 第三步 巩固(时间:8分钟)
1. (教师让学生跟读1a录音，并注意语音和语调。)
T: Please read the passage after the tape, and pay attention to the pronunciation and intonation.
2. (教师讲解短文中的语言点。)
T: Let’s look at the important points in 1a together.
3. (让学生讨论我们平时是如何处理垃圾的，并编一个与此内容有关的对话，完成后展示成果。)
T: Please discuss this problem: How can we deal with the rubbish
For example:
S1: We produce rubbish every day. It’s a serious problem. How do you deal with it
S2: I often throw it in the river.
S1: Oh, you will pollute the water.
S2: Yes. Now I know I have polluted the environment so I won’t do that again.
S1: How will you deal with the rubbish
S2: I will collect some of the rubbish for recycling. And I’ll put the waste in a proper place.
S1: Everyone should protect the environment. Let’s be greener people together.
S2: OK. Let’s be greener people together.
Step 4 Practice 第四步 练习(时间:11分钟)
1. (复习不定代词/副词。)
T: We know, pollution is a serious problem. What should we do to protect the environment
Here are some sentences about protecting environment. Please complete them with the
words in the box.
someone, nobody, none, everyone, everything, something, anything, everywhere, somewhere.
1. _____ should plant more trees.
2. We shouldn’t throw litter ______.
3. We can’t do ______ to harm our environment.
4. ______ of us likes water pollution.
5. They want to make ______ clean.
6. ______ can smoke here.
7. We should do ______ to protect our environment.
8. _____ likes air pollution.
(教师与学生核对答案，让学生齐读以上句子，然后师生一起复习不定代词/副词的用法。)
2. (教师放录音，学生跟读2a中的句子。)
T: Listen to the tape and repeat, please pay attention to the indefinite pronoun and adverb.
3. (教师放录音，让学生跟读2b中的句子，并用这些句中的语言点造句。)
T: Let’s listen to the tape and repeat.
(学生读完2b中的句子。)
T: Now, please make sentences with the language points in 2b.
Examples:
S1: Trees can stop the water from running away.
S2: We have come to realize that water is important to us.
S3: …
S4: …
(由于上面工作量较大，完成这些工作以后，同学们会感到有些累，放松一下完成3。)
T: Now, I think you must be very tired, please listen to the chant“Trees”.
Step 5 Project 第五步 综合探究活动(时间:6分钟)
1. (把学生分成若干组，如水小组，树小组，土小组……)
T: Let’s do an activity in groups. Each group should have six students.
Group 1, you are water group.
Group 2, you are trees group.
Group 3, you are soil group.
…
2. (让学生讨论自己小组的优点，他们面对的问题和愿望，然后在全班做个报告。)
T: Each group must discuss your own advantages, the problems that you face and your wishes, then please give a report like the example in Part 4.
(学生讨论完毕后，师生一起分享活动成果——报告。)
3. Homework:
(根据活动的成果制作海报。)
T: Please make your poster with your results, then share with your classmates.
Example:
PosterI am soil. I help people grow food and build houses. But now people hurt me. Who can help me
板书设计：
All these problems are very serious. Section Dtake up None of us likes pollution. tons of waste Don’t spit everywhere. percent of … Trees can stop the wind from blowing the earth away. Humans have come to realize the importance of protecting animals.
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