新教材英语(必修3)-Unit 4 Astronomy he science of stars.doc[上学期]

高中英语学习手册. 人教社版新教材
英语 (必修3 )
Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of stars
学海导航
[ Word study ]
1. development n.
a) the act of developing or the process of being developed 成长,发育; 发展(过程)
1) The gardener explained to us the development of a seed into a plant.
2) This is an important stage in the country's development.
b) a result of developing 进化,进展
This new rose is a development from a very old kind of rose.
2. disappoint vt.
a) to fail to fulfill the hopes of (a person) 使(人)失望
I'm sorry to disappoint you, but I can't come after all.
b) to prevent the fulfillment of (a plan or hope) 使(计划、希望)落空
The players didn't follow the director's instructions and disappointed his plan of winning the game.
3. explode vi. & vt.
a) to blow up or burst or cause (a bomb or other explosive)to blow up or burst (使)[炸弹或其他爆炸物]爆炸
1) The bomb exploded at 10:15 pm .
2) Don't touch that parcel ; it might explode .
3) The army took the bomb away and exploded it.
b) ( of a person)to show sudden violent ad usu. noisy feeling [人]大发雷霆,勃然大怒
1) He exploded in/with anger .
2) The audience exploded into/with laughter
4. float vi. & vt.
a) to (cause to ) stay on the surface of a liquid without sinking ( 使) 浮起来, ( 使) 漂(浮)
1) Does this type of wood float
2) We are trying to float the sunken ship.
b) to (cause to) move easily and lightly as on moving liquid or air (使)漂流; (使) 漂浮
1) The flogs floated down the river .
2) They floated the canoe out into the middle of the river .
5. force n.
a) [u] natural or physical power; active strength 力量,自然力
1) The force of the explosion broke all the windows in the building.
2) He had to use force to get the lid off the tin .
b) [u] fierce or uncontrolled use of strength; violence 暴力,武力
The thief took the money from the old man by force .
c) [c] a group of people brought together or trained for some kind of action esp. military action 一群人,部队
1) Both land and sea forces were employed in the attack on the island .
2) The British air fighting force is called the Royal Air Force .
3) A small force of doctors and nurses was rushed to the scene of the big fire .
6. publish vi .& vt.
a) to choose, arrange, have printed, and offer for sale to the public (a book, magazine, newspaper, etc) 出版
This firm publishes educational books/software .
b) to make known generally ; bring to the knowledge of the public 公开,宣布
The latest unemployment figures will be published tomorrow.
c) (of a writer or musician) to have (one's work) printed and put on sale 发表
She has just published her fourth novel .
7. solid adj.
a) not needing a container to hold its shape; not liquid or gas 固体的
1) The milk in the bottles had frozen solid .
2) This kind of boiler runs on solid fuel .
b) firm and well made 坚固的, 充实的
1) This house has very solid walls so that it can stay up during earthquakes
2) The report you've written is a very solid piece of work .
8. spread vi. & vt
a) to(cause to)open , reach, or stretch out; (cause to) be longer, broader, wider, etc. (使)伸展,展开
1) In the last five years the city has spread out rapidly in all directions .
2) The bird spread its wings ready for flight .
3) Spread out the map out on the floor so as to find out the way to the village .
b) to make or become (more) widely known 传播
1) The news of the gold discovery spread like wildfire .
2) Who's been spreading rumors about me
9. surface adj.
a) having no importance or depth 表面的, 肤浅 的
1) This problem has only surface difficulties, so you're sure to solve it easily.
2) His surface knowledge of space is of no help to us .
b) being or working on the surface of the earth or sea rather than beneath it地面上的, 海面上的
1) Surface workers are paid less than their colleagues who work down the mines .
2) The Americans are strengthening their surface fleet .
10. violent adj.
a) acting with or using great damaging physical force 猛烈的
1) A violent storm struck our town and caused serious damage yesterday.
2) Last night our soldiers gave the enemy a violent attack and took the city by force.
b) ( of a person) uncontrollably fierce and usu. dangerous 强暴的,粗暴的
The madman was violent and had to be locked up.
c) forceful beyond what is usual or necessary 激烈的
1) She was in a violent temper and began throwing things about .
2) They had a violent quarrel over that matter .
[ Phrases and idioms ]
1. in time: sooner or later; eventually; not late 迟早; 最终; 及时,不迟
1) I'll see him in time and have a good chat with him.
2) Mother will come back in time to prepare supper.
2. prevent sb /shfrom doing sth : to stop/keep sb/sth from doing sth 制止,阻止
1) The heavy rain prevented us from camping on the hill .
2) Nothing can prevent them from carrying out the plan .
3. depend on: something might only happen or be true if the circumstances are right for it 取决于;决定于
1) Our success depends on whether everyone works hard or not.
2) Whether we will go swimming this afternoon depends on the weather .
4. cheer up: to (cause to) become happier, more cheerful 欢呼; 喝彩; 感到高兴; 使高兴
1) Cheer up! The news isn't too bad.
2) He took her to the ballet to cheer he up .
5. now that : because /since (something has happened ) 既然; 由于
1) Now that John has arrived, we can begin .
2) Now that you have finished your work, you can go home .
6. break out: to begin suddenly and often violently 突然发生; 爆发
1) Once fighting broke out between the two villages and many people were killed .
2) Afire broke out so that the house was burned down.
[Structures and patterns ]
1. What it was to become was a mystery until the dust began to slowly combine into a ball moving around the sun . 随后它会变成什么曾经是一个迷, 直到最后这团尘埃开始慢慢地合成一个环绕太阳运转的球状物。
1) What can be done has been done.
2) What will the earth be like in millions of years is hard to figure out .
3) What was once used as a temple has now become a primary school .
2. Whether life will continue on the earth for millions of years to come will depend on whether this problem
can be solved . 在未来的千百万年中, 生命能否在地球上延续将取决于这个问题能否得到解决。
1) Whether it is worth doing is still unknown.
2) Whether what he said is true is of great important.
3) Whether we shall build a power station in the eastern part is under discussion.
3. It exploded loudly with fire and rocks, which were in time to produce the water vapor, carbon dioxide,
oxygen, nitrogen and other gases, which were to make the earth's atmosphere . 地球猛烈爆炸起火， 并
喷涌出岩石，这些最终又产生了水蒸气、二氧化碳、氧、氮、和其它气体，它们后来构成了地球的大
气层 。
1) It allowed the earth to dissolve harmful gases, which had become part of the earth's atmosphere, into the oceans and seas .( In the same text )
2) One of these is the Dragon Boat Festival, which honors the famous ancient poet, Qu Yuan.
(Unit 1, Book 3 )
3) In some Western countries there are very exiting carnivals, which take place forty days before Easter, usually in February.（Unit 1, Book 3)
4.They are putting too much carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, which prevents heat from escaping from the earth into space 他们把太多的二氧化碳释放到大气层中，这就使得热量不能从地球上散发到太空中去。
1) The Olympics are to be held in Beijing in 2008, which has become a great encouragement to all Chinese.
2) Tom came to school late again, which made his teacher rather angry .
3) Henry told Portia the truth, which made her love him even more .
５. Nobody knows that it was going to be different from other planets going round the sun.谁也不知道地
球会 别于环绕太阳运转的其它行星。
　　1) What it was to become was a mystery until the dust began to slowly combine into a ball moving around
the sun .(In the same text)
2) Anyone breaking the law will be punished.
3) Can you see the boy dancing with your girlfriend
6. They were the last group of animals and they were different because they produced their young from within their bodies. 们是最为进化的一类动物;体内生产出幼子是它们不同于以往的动物的特征。
　　1) The mother fish spat out her young from within her mouth.
2) We were killed for the wool that is taken from under our stomachs.( Unit4 Book 2 )
3) cat suddenly rushed out from behind the door .
[Grammar]
The Subject Clause
The Subject Clause belongs to Noun Clauses which is used as the Subject in a Complex Sentence .There are 3 kinds of conjunctive words that can help to form a Subject Clause. If you are certain about their parts of speech , able to analyze the structure of the Subject Clause correctly and understand the meaning of it well, you are sure to be able to master the usage of the Subject Clause .
1. Subordinating Conjunctions: that, whether, etc.
That our team had won the match pleased everyone.
Whether it will satisfy them is hard to say.
2. Conjunctive Pronouns: what, whatever, which, whichever, who, whoever, etc(used as the Subject, the Object,
or the Predicative in the clause )
What seems easy to some people may seem difficult to others. ( "What" is used as the Subject )
Who will be sent abroad for further study is still unknown. ( "Who" is used as the Subject )
3. Conjunctive Adverbs: when, where, why, how,etc. (used as the Adverbial in the clause )
When we shall have the meeting is still undecided. ( used as the Time Adverbial )
Why they did it remains a mystery . ( used as the Reason Adverbial )
Where he has put the key worries us very much . ( used as the Place Adverbial )
Two more important points to pay attention to:
1. The order of a clause should be the declarative order.
What is he doing is of great importance .( wrong )
What he is doing is of great importance. (right )
2. We usually use the word "it" to replace the Subject Clause so as to put the Subject Clause behind .
a) It +be + Predicative +Subject Clause
It is not certain whether she will come or not tomorrow .
b) It + vi + Subject Clause
It happened that Jack was late again last Monday .
c) It + vt ( Passive Voice ) + Subject Clause
It is reported that the American president is coming to Beijing next month .
基础训练
[Listening comprehension ]
1. Listen to the following passage and fill in the blanks with the missing words according to what you have
heard.
One day, a large force of aliens , eople from another star, came to the earth. They wanted to take some new
species of animals back to their star. But, when they ___1___on the earth, they were____2____:the air has been
terribly polluted; many beautiful and lovely animals which___3___many years ago has died out; many strange
diseases like AIDS are ___4___throughout the world.
"Why don't the people on the earth___5___this beautiful__6__ from being polluted "
"Please wear masks ! Maybe the air here is __7__to our health . "
I can't stand it. We can't __8__on the earth for anything! Let's go !"
Their were __9__to take off.
'We were lucky enough not to live here !"
Far away from the earth, looking down at the earth through their__10__, they sighed and shook their heads.
(1. landed 2.disappointed 3. existed 4. spreading 5. prevent 6.planet 7. harmful 8. depend 9. forced 10. telescope )
2. Listen to the following passage and answer the questions according to what you have heard.
1. How large diameters do the biggest sunspots have
A. Only 25,000 miles B. Just 30,000 kilometers
C. 25,000 ~ 30,000 kilometers D. 25,000~30,000 miles
2.How long does the sun rotate once according to the passage
A. Much less than a month B.Exactly a month C.A little less than a month D. Slightly over a month
3. How long can the biggest sunspots last
A. A few minutes to a few months B. Several years
C. 5~10 minutes D. A few hours to a few months
4. How long do the biggest flares last
A. A lot of hours B. Several hours C. 100,000 years D. 5 ~ 10 minutes
5. How long does the solar cycle average from sunspot maximum to minimum and back again
A. Around 11 years B. About 11 months C. About 2000 years D. Around the year 2011
( Keys: D C D B A )
Script for the listening material
The biggest sunspots have diameters of 25,000 to 30,000 miles, dwarfing the size of Earth. They can last anywhere from a few hours to a few months. Because the Sun rotates in slightly less than a month, some sunspots cross the solar disk more than once. Sunspots also tend to gather, with some sunspot groups containing a hundred or more individual spots. These large groups have strong magnetic fields and often give rise to flares, the largest explosions in the solar system. A typical flare lasts for 5 to 10 minutes and lets go as much energy as a million hydrogen bombs. The biggest flares last for several hours and send out enough energy to power the United States (at its current rate of electric consumption) for 100,000 years.
Observations of sunspots over the past couple centuries show that the number of spots varies with time. The last solar cycle averages about 11 years from sunspot maximum to minimum and back again. This occurred in 2000, and the next is predicted around 2011. Interestingly enough, the solar cycle apparently hasn't always been so. Sunspot numbers were much lower between 1645 and 1715 than now, and scientists have deduced other periods of lesser and greater activity.
3. Listen to the following dialogue and judge the statements with T( True) or F( False) according to what
you've heard.
( ) 1. Jane will leave for her holiday by air next Sunday .
( ) 2. Jane mentions three things she should do before going.
( ) 3. Jane plans to rent her apartment to someone while she is away.
( ) 4. The man once studied in the same middle school with Jim Thomas.
( ) 5. The two speakers are friends.
( Keys: 1. F 2. T 3. T 4. F 5. T )
Script for the listening material:
M: Hi, Jane. I've heard that you're going to Europe for a holiday this summer.
W: Yes, I'm just making preparations for the trip these days.
M: You must be very exited about your trip. When are you leaving
W: Next Saturday, and I am exited. But there are still a few things I need to do before I go.
M: Like what
W: Picking up my passport, going to the travel agency to buy my plane ticket and finding out what I should do with my apartment while I am away.
M: The apartment is really a problem. It's hard to find another one around. What do you plan to do
W: I'm looking for someone who will rent my house while I'm away.
M: Mm, let me think. I know just a person. A former college classmate of mine, Jim Thomas, is coming to do some research this summer, from June to August.
W: That's exactly when I'm away. That sounds great.
M: I'll call Jim this weekend anyway, so I'll mention it to him then.
W: Thanks a lot. Please let me know what happens.
[ Practice ]
Vocabulary
1. Complete the following sentences with the proper form of the given words.
development, disappoint, explode, float, force, harmful, publish, solid, spread, surface, telescope, violent
1. The butterfly _____________ its wings and moved them slowly up and down .
2. That he failed the college entrance examination ______________his parents very much .
3. She found something unusual ____________on the __________of the river, which quite frightened her.
4. The famous writer ____________a lot of popular novels in that ____________firm.
5. With the ____________of our country’s economy, people's living standard has been greatly raised.
6. Now that it's so warm, we can see fishes swimming on the ___________of the pool.
7. The ____________ of gravity makes things fall to earth.
8. With a __________ kick, the robber broke into the old man's house.
9. Nothing can separate the two, because they have a ____________friendship foundation.
10. During World War II, two atomic bombs ____________in Japan, killing a large number of people.
( 1. spread 2.disappointed 3. floating, surface 4. published, publishing 5.development 6.surface 7.force
8. violent 9. solid 10. exploded )
2. Complete the following sentences with the proper translations.
1. When SARS ______________（爆发）, fear spread out quickly all over the country.
2. Try harder, and you can succeed _______________ （最终）.
3. Measures should be taken to __________（阻止）the paper factory polluting the river .
4. _______________ （既然）he has admitted he's wrong, we may as well forgive him.
5. It ______________（取决于）the efforts of the government and those companies whether the
environmental problem can be solved.
6. They tried their best to _______________ （使---高兴 ）those unfortunate people after the earthquake.
(1. broke out 2.in time 3. prevent 4. Now that 5.depends on 6.cheer up )
Grammar
1. Choose the best from the given words to fill in each blank.
that, whether, what, whatever, which, whichever, who, whoever, where, when, why, how
1. They lost their way in the forest and _________made matters worst was _______ night began to fall.
2. __________has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising.
3. It is said __________Peter will have a chance to travel abroad next month.
4. __________Yang Liwei ate his food in space is _________ we want to know.
5. __________ we will go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.
6. I read about it in some book or other, does it matter _________it was.
7. __________ of you comes in will be given a prize.
8. _________ he didn't come yesterday is unknown.
9. _________we will go tomorrow hasn't been decided yet.
10. _________ will be sent to help them is very important.
(1.what, that 2. Whoever 3.that 4. How, what 5.Whether 6.which 7.Whichever 8.Why 9.Where 10.Who )
2. Translate the Chinese into English to complete the whole sentence by using the Subject Clause
1. _________________________________________（太空旅行所需的）is careful preparations.
2. It will soon be announced ______________________________________________（谁是胜利者）
3. ______________________________________________________（杨利 伟从太空中安然着陆地球）
made all Chinese exited and cheerful.
4. It is still unknown _________________________________________（杨利 伟 是否将再被送到太空去）
5._________________________________________________（宇航员在太空中如何吃饭、睡觉和行走）
is very strange and interesting.
6. _____________________________________________________（为什么张教授昨天缺席会议）remains
a secret.
7.It is know n to us _______________________________________________（生命起源于何处）.
8. _______________________________________________(何时战争才会从世上消失) is hard to say.
( Keys: 1.What is needed for the space trip
2.who will be the winner
3. That Yang Liwei landed on the earth safe from space
4. Whether Yang Liwei will be sent into space once again
5. How astronauts eat, sleep and walk in space
6.Why Professor Zhang was not present at the meeting yesterday
7. Where life developed
8. When war will disappear from the world )
Integrating skills
1. Read the following passage and choose the suitable words from the brackets to fill in the blanks.
It can take a million years or more for the energy created at the Sun's center to fight its way to the ___1___( top, surface ), where it gets radiated into___2___ ( sky, space ). Despite being a huge ball of ___3___ (air, gas ), the Sun appears to have a sharp edge because the ___4___ (force, energy) radiates from a thin layer only a couple hundred miles thick, compared with the Sun's overall radius of 432,000 miles (695,000 kilometers).
___5___(Astronomers, Astronauts ) call this thin layer the photosphere, and it has a/an___6___ ( average, similar ) temperature of about 6,000 kelvins (10,000° F). The photosphere represents the lowest level of the Sun's atmosphere. Above it lies the ___7___(slightly, simply) hotter chromo sphere, another thin layer that measures between 1,000 and 2,000 miles thick. Above the chromo sphere ___8___(exists, lays) the corona, a superheated region___9___ (where, which) temperatures rise to millions of degrees. Despite this great temperature, the corona has such a low density that we normally don't see it when looking in visible light. Only when the Moon blocks the much brighter photosphere from view during a total solar eclipse does the corona come out into___10___( view, scene). Because the Sun's (gravity, strength) isn't strong enough to hold onto such hot gas, the outer atmosphere essentially boils off into space. This "solar wind" spreads the solar system and, among other things, causes the ionized gas tails of comets to point away from the Sun.
(Keys: 1. surface 2. space 3. gas 4. energy 5. Astronomers 6. average 7. slightly 8. exists 9. where, 10. view )
2. Cloze
Exploring the autumn sky
The cool nights of autumn are here to___1___ us the chill of winter is not far off. Along with the cool air, the brilliant ___2___ of the summer triangle fall in the west to be replaced with a rather bland-looking region of sky. But don't___3___ initial appearances deceive you.___4___ in the fall sky are gems equal to summertime.
The Big Dipper swings low this ___5___, and for parts of the southern United States it ___6___ sets. Cassiopeia the Queen, a ___7___ of five bright stars in the ___8___ of a "W" or "M," reaches its ___9___ point overhead, the same spot the Big Dipper reached 6 months ___10___. To the east of Cassiopeia, Perseus the Hero rises high. Nestled between these two groups is the wondrous Double Cluster — NGCs 869 and 884 — a fantastic sight in binoculars or a low-power telescope.
1. A. recall B. retell C. remind D. advise
2. A. stars B. planets C. satellites D. subjects
3. A. make B. have C. force D. let
4. A. Hidden B. To hide C. Hiding D. Appearing
5. A. year B. month C. day D. season
6. A . truly B. exactly C. actually D. possibly
7. A. team B. class C. kind D. group
8. A. form B. shape C. figure D. formation
9. A. highest B. lowest C. higher D. deepest
10. .A. before B. ago C. since D. later
(Keys: 1. C 2. A 3. D 4. A 5. D 6. C 7. D 8. B 9. A 10. B )
3. Reading comprehension
1. Read the following passage and choose the best answer to each item.
The Moon is a brilliant object when viewed through a telescope. You actually may want to use a neutral density filter to reduce the Moon's light. A better method is to do what many observers do to help them observe the Moon in comfort: Turn on nearby white lights when you're observing the Moon between First Quarter and Full. The addition of white lights suppresses the eyes' tendency to dark adapt at night and, in fact, causes the eye to use normal (scotopic) vision, which is of much higher quality than dark-adapted (photopic) vision.
Of the 1,940 named features on the Moon, 1,545 (nearly 80 percent) are craters. There are many more craters in the highlands than in the maria. The size range of craters is large, and some observers make it a personal challenge to see either (1) how small a crater they can see, or (2) how many small craters in a given area they can observe with a particular telescope. A detailed map of the Moon is, of course, a necessity for a project of this type.
1. The word "brilliant" in the first sentence means _________
A. slightly bright B. very bright C. bright D. dark
2. The thing used to weaken the moon' light is___________.
A. a telescope B. a neutral density filter C. a nearby light D. a particular telescope
3." A better method "refers to___________
A. observing the moon in comfort B. the addition of whites
C. the eye's normal vision D. turning on nearby white lights
4. This passage mainly tells us ___________
A. how to observe the moon B. when to observe the moon
C. why to observe the moon D. where to observe the moon
( Keys: 1. B 2. B 3. D 4. A )
2. Read the following passage and judge the following statements with T( True ) or F ( False ):
Man has been traveling into space for over 40 years. Even today though, very few people have the chance to be an astronaut, about 30 per year. This is mainly because of the expense. It costs millions of Yuan to train and send astronauts into space. Very few country can afford that.
This is why American businessman Dennis Tito paid 20,000,000 US dollars to the Russian space agency to go into space. He visited the International Space Station. His trip, making him the first ever space tourist, took eight days in total. He spent most of his time taking photos, looking at the earth and listening to music on his once-in-a-life-time trip.
After landing safely on earth, Mr. Tito thought the trip was worth the money. The only difficulty he had was walking but this is normal for anyone who's been in zero gravity.
Some people, especially in the American space agency, argue that you must be professional to go into space. They worry about the safety of other astronauts. However, Mr. Tito received training before he left. He also helped to prepared food for the others while in space. They told him what to do and where he was allowed to go.
A survey carried out soon after Tito landed showed that 75% of American supported space tourism. Some people are bored of the places on earth they are looking for new adventure and space is the place.
The money Mr. Tito gave the Russians paid for 20% of their annual budget (the amount of money stated in either type of plan in a year). If we want to see men on Mars and other planets, we may need rich people like Mr. Tito to help us pay for it .The Russians have more rich people to become space tourists. They should take them.
( ) 1. The Russians wanted to send Mr. Tito into space so as to get his money to support their space agency.
( ) 2. Around 1,200 people have flown in space up till now.
( ) 3. Mr. Tito paid the money to the Russian space agency to go into space and became an astronaut.
( ) 4. Mr. Tito found it very difficult to walk in space because he was not a professional astronaut.
( ) 5. The writer thinks Mr. Tito couldn't help the Russian much.
( ) 6. The Russian annual budget is 100,000,000 US dollars .
(Keys: 1. T 2. T 3. T 4. F 5. F 6. T )
拓展探究
Reading and writing
Read the following passage carefully and then write a passage of about 200 words about how the sun came into being and what you want to see on the sun.
Our Sun
About 4.6 billion years ago, a cold cloud of gas and dust buried deep in one of the Milky Way galaxy's spiral arms started to collapse ( fall down). Perhaps strong winds from a massive star or a shock wave from a nearby supernova (very large exploding star) explosion triggered the collapse — from our distance in time, we'll never know for sure.
Whatever the cause, the force of gravity then started to work its magic: The cloud began to contract and fragment (to break into pieces). One of those fragments was to become our Sun and the rest of the solar system. The other fragments also spawned stars that have long since moved away from their birthplace — there's no way to determine which ones might have been our siblings. But while the star-formation process was going full bore, our small part of the galaxy probably looked like the Orion Nebula (M42) or one of the other similar star-forming regions we see around us today.
Let's head back to our budding solar system. As gravity continued to compress the solar nebula, the central region that would become the Sun drew in the vast majority of material. Because the nebula was rotating, however, not all of the gas and dust could fall into the proto-Sun being forged at the center. Instead, some of it formed a disk that finally would cool down to become the planets and other, smaller members of the solar system.
The proto-Sun continued to contract and, as it did so, grew hotter. This persisted until its central temperature rose high enough to ignite the fires of nuclear fusion. The heat created by these nuclear reactions produced a pressure that counteracted the inward pull of gravity, and the object became the stable star we call the Sun.
Tips for writing:
1. Read the passage and give a brief description of how the sun came into being.
2. State two or three things you wish to see while exploring the sun.
3. Give your reasons for your choices.
4. Show your excitement and share your pleasures with the readers.
Project
Go to the library or surf the Internet to find out as much information as possible about the nine planets in the solar system. Then make a chart comparing with each other about their basic characteristics, such as the position, surface size, temperature and so on. Finally make a speech to the whole class.
反思评价
1.Try to write down the useful words and phrases learned in this unit and use them to make as many sentences as possible.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2. Try your best to think of the Subject Clause sentences you have learned before and make as many Subject Clause sentences as you can.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
3. Read the following statements and according to what you have learned, tick the correct ones.
( ) 1. A lot of scientists believe that the universe began with a large explosion ---the Big Bang, which
happened about 30 million years ago.
( ) 2. The solar system is only a tiny part of an huge group of stars and planets which is called a galaxy.
There are billions of galaxies in the universe. and our solar system is called the Milky Way.
( ) 3. The sun is orbited by nine planets and their moons. They range in size from Pluto, about one-4th the diameter of our earth, to Jupiter which is 11 times that of the earth.
( ) 4. If we classify the nine planets in our solar system by composition: Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars are made up of rock while Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune are made up of gas. Pluto is neither made of rock nor gas.
( ) 5.The sun is so large as to be able to hold more than one million earths inside. It looks quite different from other stars as it is so much nearer to the earth.
(Keys: 2, 4, 5 are correct. 1 and 3 are not correct.
Statement 1 is wrong because scientists believe the Big Bang happened 10~20 million years ago.
Statement 3 is wrong because Pluto is the smallest planet in the solar system which is one-sixth of the diameter of the earth. )
4. The following table is for you to evaluate what you have learned in this unit by yourself. Fill in the table with a tick according to your level.
Items easy so-so a bit hard difficult
Words & phrases
Language focus
Content of text
Culture & background
Grammar
本单元作者：张木亮
地址：潮州市饶平县第二中学
邮编：515700