高考完型填空指导[上学期]
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课件18张PPT。专题复习 完形填空完形填空题的选项设空一般以实词为主. 主要语法项目考点通常分布在“名词、动词、形容词、副词”上；主要语言运用考点通常分布在“词义辨析、句子结构、词语搭配、习惯用法、上下文语境和常识性推理”六个方面。在答题时，首先一定要通览全文，先明主旨。读后形成一个完整的情节，整体不会有偏差。重视文章首句的作用。惯用法和搭配也是常考查的点，谨防定势思维干扰，重视词汇在特定语境中的应用。逻辑推理和生活常识也是常见的考点。完成后，再通览全文，仔细检查所选的答案是否能使文章上下连贯，前后照应，逻辑顺畅。 如何做好完形填空题? 如何在这一题型上拿高分? 正确的答题步骤
适当的答题技巧
适量的实践训练
正确的答题步骤:1. 浏览全文,掌握文章的中心及脉络;
a. 应用阅读技能,进行缺词阅读.
b. 注意首段和末端以及每个段落的首句.
2. 分段落实,逐个填空;
a. 先填上固定搭配与习惯表达,基本句型等较容易的空格.
b. 对语境和语义还不太明朗的空格要反复推敲,力争突破难点.
3. 通读全文,检查核对.技能提示: a. 注意上下文之间词与词之间的照应;
b. 注意上下文之间语义的衔接及逻辑联系.
c. 注意学会用化简句子的方法弄清长句的句子结构,进而理解长句的意思.
d. 注意某些特殊的句型中所体现的分类、对比、从属、并列等关系.
一） 充分利用文章的结构，上下文和前后句，找到对选择有提示作用的词或句。有时可能是同义词，有时可能是反意词。 1） Travelling west, you set your clock __7__; travelling east, you set it ahead. A. behind B. forward C. back D. ahead 2） Travelling __15__ today becomes yesterday; travelling west it is tomorrow. A. south B. east C. north D. west 3） So the slave was pardoned and __50__. A. killed B. rich C. happy D. freed 4） Many old people don't have good __13__. They can't watch TV, but they can listen to music or news over the radio. A. hearing B. health C. eyesight D. time 5） They __10__ potatoes in different ways. They can boil them and fry them. A. cook B. eat C. make D. take
6） Many Africans are very __14__ and so they can't afford to eat much meat with their cereal. A. healthy B. poor C. rich D. weak 7） Some parts of the water are very shallow. But in some places it is very, very __7__. A. deep B. high C. cold D. dangerous 8) These floating things are very __18__. It is hard to see them. ???? A. big B. fast C. small D. dangerous 9) The inside of the earth is very, very __1__. The rock has melted like ice. ???? A. deep B. cold C. hard D. hot 二） 注意固定的搭配。包括介词与动词的搭配、动词与宾语的搭配以及形容词与名词的搭配等。要根据内容选择正确的短语。 1) They spend millions of dollars yearly __2__ newspapers and magazines… A. in B. to C. on D. at
2) Many people know that their companies watch them __13__ work… A. in B. off C. at D. for
3) Some people in India do not eat meat or fish __6__. A. after all B. in the end C. at all D. no longer 4) The world's population is becoming __7__. A. faster and faster B. more and more C. larger and larger
D. more terrible
5) The city (Washington) was named __13__ George
Washington, the first president of the United States. A. by B. for C. as D. after
（三）注意同义词的辩义 1) One __2__ my father and sister and I were sitting together. A. o'clock B. night C. evening D. time 2) Soon I heard a __11__ like that of a door burst in, and then a climb of feet. A. sound B. cry C. voice D. from 3) To my horror, I saw, __15__ my father's shoulder, a gorilla, …… A. on B. above C. over D. form 4) The boy was __8__ the water and his canoe was __9__ away. 8.A. on B. with in C. in D. under 9.A. running B. floating C. flowing D. pulling 5) "Give me a hand," he shouted __19__ he got near the boat. ?? A. while B. till C. for D. as 6) He even thought of going out into the street to see whether he could pass as a policeman out there. Just for __6__, of course. 6.A. joke B. fun C. play D. exercise 7) It was a pleasant way of passing time for an old woman who lived __2__. 2.A. lonely B. alone C. away D. busily 8) The back door and the windows were all locked and there was no __5__ of forced entry. 5.A. scene B. show C. sign D. sight 9) Jenkins was a jeweller, who had made a large diamond ring worth 57,000 for the Silk stone Jewellery Shop. When it was ready, he made a copy of it which looked exactly like the first one but worth only 2,000. This he took to the shop, which __2__ it without a question. 2.A. accepted B. received C. refused D. rejected 10) There is nothing really new about __4__ in exams. A. lying B. cheating C. guessing D. discussing 四） 根据动作的发出者确定所选的词 1) And video cameras can be used to __16__ people's actions at home. A. keep B. make C. record D. watch 2) Washington D.C. __3__ between Virginia and Maryland on the Potomac River. A. lays B. lies C. sits D. seats 3) The brain then has to decide what to do, and __12__ its orders to the muscles of the arms, legs, and so on, … A. send B. sends C. reach D. reaches 4) We were __16__ at school to play some game or other very afternoon… A. to ask B. asking C. asked D. going to ask 5) Had anything been taken? She went from room to room __7__ and found her camera and spare watch missing. A. looking B. examining C. searching D. checking 6) The watch, which Mrs Smith had __1__ on the table as she started her lecture, disappeared. A. seen B. dropped C. found D. laid 7) "Get up earlier tomorrow! Anyway, go to your __9__ at counter. We'll be opening in a few minutes." A. business B. job C. place D. spot 8) Once she (chimpanzee) was put in a __9__ with food hanging from the ceiling. It was too high to __10__. 9. A. cave B. zoo C . room D. museum 10.A. pull B. see C. eat D. reach （五） 根据上下文的逻辑关系确定选项 1) … and the officers then began to eat their meal, saying that the mushrooms had a very strange __8__ quite pleasant taste. A. besides B. but C. and D. or
2) A transistor radio is sometimes very small. It is very easy to carry… __11__, radio broadcasts are better for blind people. A. Besides B. However C. Yet D. Sometimes
3) Hands up __50__ get out! A. or B. and C. but D. to 5) (Should) the wallet, found in the street, be put into a pocket __46__ turned over to the policeman? A. and B. or C. then D. but 6) She rubs her teeth with her finger __47__ she wants to brush her teeth. This is done after every meal. A. when B. until C. since D. while 7) … you leave it at peace just as you found it __13__, animal will be disturbed. A. However B. Otherwise C. Therefore D. Then 8) It has been many years since I was last in London, __1__ I still remember something that happened during that visit. 1.A. and B. for C. but D. as 9) At first nothing happened __5__ suddenly a large rat rushed out of the hold,… A. Then B. And C. Or D. So （六） 根据生活常识以及相关知识确定选项 1) (Immediately), the officers jumped into their cars and rushed to the __13__ hospital. A. animal B. biggest C. plant D. nearest
2) …, because the earth __2__ twenty-four time zones, one hour apart. A. gives B. is drawn C. is divided into D. shows
3) …, You __10__ the international dateline. By agreement, this is the point where a new day __12__. 10.A. cross B. see C. are on D. are stopped by 12.A. is coming B. begins C. is discovered D. is invented为什么我们在这一题型上总是失分较多?没有严格遵循答题步骤:
多数同学考试时担心时间紧,在没有弄清短文的中心和文章的情节线索的情况下匆忙答题.事实上我们用在这一题上的时间可以达到18-20分钟.
切记:一定要用3-5分钟时间进行缺词阅读,弄清文章大意和基本脉络后再着手逐个填空.
2. 不注意积累答题技巧:
a. 忽略文章中上下文之间的照应关系;
b. 遇到长句不注意分析句子结构,在语义模糊时抱碰运气的心理随意作出选择.Wish you success
适当的答题技巧
适量的实践训练
正确的答题步骤:1. 浏览全文,掌握文章的中心及脉络;
a. 应用阅读技能,进行缺词阅读.
b. 注意首段和末端以及每个段落的首句.
2. 分段落实,逐个填空;
a. 先填上固定搭配与习惯表达,基本句型等较容易的空格.
b. 对语境和语义还不太明朗的空格要反复推敲,力争突破难点.
3. 通读全文,检查核对.技能提示: a. 注意上下文之间词与词之间的照应;
b. 注意上下文之间语义的衔接及逻辑联系.
c. 注意学会用化简句子的方法弄清长句的句子结构,进而理解长句的意思.
d. 注意某些特殊的句型中所体现的分类、对比、从属、并列等关系.
一） 充分利用文章的结构，上下文和前后句，找到对选择有提示作用的词或句。有时可能是同义词，有时可能是反意词。 1） Travelling west, you set your clock __7__; travelling east, you set it ahead. A. behind B. forward C. back D. ahead 2） Travelling __15__ today becomes yesterday; travelling west it is tomorrow. A. south B. east C. north D. west 3） So the slave was pardoned and __50__. A. killed B. rich C. happy D. freed 4） Many old people don't have good __13__. They can't watch TV, but they can listen to music or news over the radio. A. hearing B. health C. eyesight D. time 5） They __10__ potatoes in different ways. They can boil them and fry them. A. cook B. eat C. make D. take
6） Many Africans are very __14__ and so they can't afford to eat much meat with their cereal. A. healthy B. poor C. rich D. weak 7） Some parts of the water are very shallow. But in some places it is very, very __7__. A. deep B. high C. cold D. dangerous 8) These floating things are very __18__. It is hard to see them. ???? A. big B. fast C. small D. dangerous 9) The inside of the earth is very, very __1__. The rock has melted like ice. ???? A. deep B. cold C. hard D. hot 二） 注意固定的搭配。包括介词与动词的搭配、动词与宾语的搭配以及形容词与名词的搭配等。要根据内容选择正确的短语。 1) They spend millions of dollars yearly __2__ newspapers and magazines… A. in B. to C. on D. at
2) Many people know that their companies watch them __13__ work… A. in B. off C. at D. for
3) Some people in India do not eat meat or fish __6__. A. after all B. in the end C. at all D. no longer 4) The world's population is becoming __7__. A. faster and faster B. more and more C. larger and larger
D. more terrible
5) The city (Washington) was named __13__ George
Washington, the first president of the United States. A. by B. for C. as D. after
（三）注意同义词的辩义 1) One __2__ my father and sister and I were sitting together. A. o'clock B. night C. evening D. time 2) Soon I heard a __11__ like that of a door burst in, and then a climb of feet. A. sound B. cry C. voice D. from 3) To my horror, I saw, __15__ my father's shoulder, a gorilla, …… A. on B. above C. over D. form 4) The boy was __8__ the water and his canoe was __9__ away. 8.A. on B. with in C. in D. under 9.A. running B. floating C. flowing D. pulling 5) "Give me a hand," he shouted __19__ he got near the boat. ?? A. while B. till C. for D. as 6) He even thought of going out into the street to see whether he could pass as a policeman out there. Just for __6__, of course. 6.A. joke B. fun C. play D. exercise 7) It was a pleasant way of passing time for an old woman who lived __2__. 2.A. lonely B. alone C. away D. busily 8) The back door and the windows were all locked and there was no __5__ of forced entry. 5.A. scene B. show C. sign D. sight 9) Jenkins was a jeweller, who had made a large diamond ring worth 57,000 for the Silk stone Jewellery Shop. When it was ready, he made a copy of it which looked exactly like the first one but worth only 2,000. This he took to the shop, which __2__ it without a question. 2.A. accepted B. received C. refused D. rejected 10) There is nothing really new about __4__ in exams. A. lying B. cheating C. guessing D. discussing 四） 根据动作的发出者确定所选的词 1) And video cameras can be used to __16__ people's actions at home. A. keep B. make C. record D. watch 2) Washington D.C. __3__ between Virginia and Maryland on the Potomac River. A. lays B. lies C. sits D. seats 3) The brain then has to decide what to do, and __12__ its orders to the muscles of the arms, legs, and so on, … A. send B. sends C. reach D. reaches 4) We were __16__ at school to play some game or other very afternoon… A. to ask B. asking C. asked D. going to ask 5) Had anything been taken? She went from room to room __7__ and found her camera and spare watch missing. A. looking B. examining C. searching D. checking 6) The watch, which Mrs Smith had __1__ on the table as she started her lecture, disappeared. A. seen B. dropped C. found D. laid 7) "Get up earlier tomorrow! Anyway, go to your __9__ at counter. We'll be opening in a few minutes." A. business B. job C. place D. spot 8) Once she (chimpanzee) was put in a __9__ with food hanging from the ceiling. It was too high to __10__. 9. A. cave B. zoo C . room D. museum 10.A. pull B. see C. eat D. reach （五） 根据上下文的逻辑关系确定选项 1) … and the officers then began to eat their meal, saying that the mushrooms had a very strange __8__ quite pleasant taste. A. besides B. but C. and D. or
2) A transistor radio is sometimes very small. It is very easy to carry… __11__, radio broadcasts are better for blind people. A. Besides B. However C. Yet D. Sometimes
3) Hands up __50__ get out! A. or B. and C. but D. to 5) (Should) the wallet, found in the street, be put into a pocket __46__ turned over to the policeman? A. and B. or C. then D. but 6) She rubs her teeth with her finger __47__ she wants to brush her teeth. This is done after every meal. A. when B. until C. since D. while 7) … you leave it at peace just as you found it __13__, animal will be disturbed. A. However B. Otherwise C. Therefore D. Then 8) It has been many years since I was last in London, __1__ I still remember something that happened during that visit. 1.A. and B. for C. but D. as 9) At first nothing happened __5__ suddenly a large rat rushed out of the hold,… A. Then B. And C. Or D. So （六） 根据生活常识以及相关知识确定选项 1) (Immediately), the officers jumped into their cars and rushed to the __13__ hospital. A. animal B. biggest C. plant D. nearest
2) …, because the earth __2__ twenty-four time zones, one hour apart. A. gives B. is drawn C. is divided into D. shows
3) …, You __10__ the international dateline. By agreement, this is the point where a new day __12__. 10.A. cross B. see C. are on D. are stopped by 12.A. is coming B. begins C. is discovered D. is invented为什么我们在这一题型上总是失分较多?没有严格遵循答题步骤:
多数同学考试时担心时间紧,在没有弄清短文的中心和文章的情节线索的情况下匆忙答题.事实上我们用在这一题上的时间可以达到18-20分钟.
切记:一定要用3-5分钟时间进行缺词阅读,弄清文章大意和基本脉络后再着手逐个填空.
2. 不注意积累答题技巧:
a. 忽略文章中上下文之间的照应关系;
b. 遇到长句不注意分析句子结构,在语义模糊时抱碰运气的心理随意作出选择.Wish you success