高考英语单选复习探讨[上学期]
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课件33张PPT。
长沙市周南中学 杨捷
高考英语
单选复习探讨
近几年的NMET单项选择填空题的命题原则是：“突出语境，强化语意，强调运用”。此类题型的设置旨在测试考生基础知识在特定语境中的应用，词法、习语的识记与理解以及语用能力。由于高考是选拔性的测试，所以单项填空题有一定的难度，这使得考生在此类题目上费时较多又得分率不高。因此，在指导学生应试高考单选题时，我们采用了以下几种巧做单选题的方法。
一、增强学生的语境意识，
提高学生分析语境的能力：
语境题包含语境信息。题干中的语境信息常是单词、短语或句子，有时甚至是一个标点符号 。准确把握语境信息可以成功地解答单选题。 1.．All morning as she waited for the medical report from the doctor, her nervousness . （NMET 2003）
A．has grown B．is growing
C．grew D．had grown
2. － Has Sam finished his homework
today?
－I have no idea. He ______ it this
morning. （NMET 2004 全国II）
A. did B. has done
C. was doing D. had donecC_______________________________________________________________ 3. -- I hear Jane has gone to the Holy
Island for her holiday.
-- Oh, how nice! Do you know when
she ?（2004 湖南）
A. was leaving B. had left
C. has left D. left
4. ----Do you think the Stars will beat the
Bulls?
----Yes. They have better players, so I
____them to win. [NMET 99]
A. hope B. prefer C. expect D. want
_______________D________________________________C
将高考题进行改变语境信息来进行训练,可以强化学生的语境意识。 1.① （原题）
－ Has Sam finished his homework today?
－I have no idea. He _____ it this morning.
（NMET 2004 全国II）
②（改编）
－ Has Sam finished his homework today?
－Yes. He ______ it this morning.
A. did B. has done
C. was doing D. had done cA2. ①（原题）
Shirley _____a book about China last year，but I don‘t know whether she has finished it. (NMET98) ②（改编）
Shirley ____a book about China last year，
but I don't know whether she has had it published. A. has written B. wrote
C . had written D. was writing
DB 3. ①（原题） Robert is said _____abroad, but I
don't know what country he studied in.
(NMET99)
②（改编）Robert is said _______abroad, but
I don't know what country he is studying in. ③（改编）Robert is said _______abroad, but
I don't know what country he will study in.
A. to have studied B. to study C．to be studying D.to have been studying
ACB 4. ①（原题） We had three sets of garden tools
and we seemed to have no use for______ .
(2004 浙江)
②（改编）We had two sets of garden tools
and we seemed to have no use for______ .
A. none B. either C. any D. each
CB 5. ①（原题）
--Which of the three ways shall I take to
the village ?
-- ______way as you please. (2004 福建)
②（改编）
--Which of the two ways shall I take to
the village ?
-- ______ way as you please.
A. Each B. Every C. Any D. Either
DC 6. ①（原题）
The factory produces half a million pairs of
shoes every year , 80_____ are sold abroad.
(2004 辽宁)
②（改编）
The factory produces half a million pairs
of shoes every year ; 80 ______ are sold
abroad.
A. of which B. which of
C. of them D. of that
AC 1. --Do you have ______ at home now,
Stella?
--No, we still have to get several pounds
of fruit and some tea.
A. anything B. everything
C. something D. nothing
2. --Does Jim do his new job well?
-- his old job. How stupid! I fear
there is no hope for him.
A. No better than B. Not better than
C. Not so well as D. Not as well as
?
“语境化”单项选择题举例： BA3. I don't know ______of the strangers.
I've got nobody to talk with.
A. neither B. everyone
C. any D. None
4. 1). --Do you have anything_____?
-- No, I'm free.
2). --Do you have anything ____ .?
--Oh, thank you, I can manage it myself.
A. to do B. to be done
C. doing D. do
CAB 二、参考命题意图，教会学生排除各种干扰
高考的选拨性决定了单项填空题不会让所有的人顺利过关，这就必然会通过各种方法来增加干扰信息，往往造成考生失分。命题人通常从以下角度来没计干扰信息：
（一）、句型的转换：
对策：运用还原法,再现真面目
下面举例说明：
1. Every minute is made full _____ of
___our lessons.
A. use; study
B. useful; to study
C. use; to study
D. used; studying
还原为：We should make full _____ of every minute ___our lessons_______________ 2. Who would you rather _____with you
tomorrow，Tom or Smith?
A．have to go B．have go
C．have gone D．had go
改为： You would rather __ who ___
with you tomorrow，Tom or Smith?
B 3. How pleased the boy was ____ what his parents said！
A．hearing B．heard
C．hear D．to hear
还原为： The boy was very pleased
____ what his parents said！D4. It was _____ the old clock that the old
man spent the whole morning at home．
A．repair B．repairing
C．to repair D．in repair
5. Is the man said that really true?
A. that B. what C. all that D. that all
BA 还原为：The old man spent the whole
morning ____ the old clock at home． 还原为:___the man said that is really true.
（二） 、插入语干扰
这类题主要是利用插入语，增加句子的复杂 程度，从而达到于扰考生视线的目的。
对策： 去掉插入语
He believes in himself，______ ，
in my opinion，is of the most importance．
A．that B．which C．what D．as
2. The home improvement have taken what
little there is _____my spare time .
A. from B. in C. of D. at
( ) B ( ) C3. The writer and professor，whom I often
refer to at the meetings，_____ famous
for those works．
A．is B．are C．am D．were
4. We should do more such exercises in the
future，I think，_____ those we did
yesterday．
A．as B．like C．about D．than
5. He will tell you _____ he expects will win
such a match．
A．why B．whom C．which D．who
AD( ) ( ) ( ) D() 6．He often stands against the fence and talks endlessly with my father ________ gardening problems．
A．to B．too
C．about D．off
7. It's not necessary for us to have " crash diets" _____will make us lose weight.
A.that some companies say they
B.that some companies say
C. some companies say
D. which some companies say that
CB( )( ) 8. As China faces up to a battle against bird flu, the government announced a range of control measures______believes will bring the disease under control.
A. it B. that C. which it D. this
9. He seemed______ more anxious than I
__from my father.
A. much; heard B. a bit; would hear
C. even; to hear D.quite; had heard
C(it )( ) ( ) C10. (2004 天津) Helen was much kinder to
her youngest son than to the others,
_____of course, made the others envy him.
A. who B. that C. what D. which
?11. He turned off the head lamp of the car to
keep the light from flashing in through the
window of Jack's house and _____ Jack up．
A．woke B ．waking
C．wake D．to wake
( ) ( ) DB( ) （三）、标点符号干扰
标点符号在英语句式中的配合作用是不容忽视的，从英语的句型结构这一角度来看，它甚至是起着决定性的作用——它决定着句子的单复形式，决定着选词造句等
其他诸多问题。
对策：掌握英语中逗号的作用、常见句子结构及并列连词
1. Tom，_____ sure to come tomorrow．
A is B．be C．was D would be
2.All the money____, John had to start
looking for a job.
A.was cost B. had cost
C. having been spent D. having spent
3． ____，I had to walk home．
A .There was no bus
B．There being no bus
C．There were no buses
D.There was not a bus
BCB4．The woman stood here，her sharp eyes
____? on my face．
A．fix? B．fixed
C．were fixed? D．fixing
5．The secretary worked late into the
night,___a long speech for the president．
A．to prepare????? B．preparing?
C．prepared? D．was preparing BB（四）、省略句干扰
对策：补充省略成分，确定正确选择
1.----What made you so happy ?
-----_______.
A. Because of my passing the exam.
B. I passed the exam.
C. Because I passed the exam.
D. My passing the exam.
2. She is looking so forward as much to his return
as he himself to _____ her.
A.have seen B. seeing
C. see D. having seen
(made me so happy)D（改） She is looking so forward as much to his
return as he himself(is looking forward) to __ her.B 3. Tom is better at physics than Jack, but not ________ at chemistry.
A.good B.better
C. as good D. too good
4. ---I can’t find Mr. Morris. Where did
you meet him yesterday ?
---It was in the hotel __________ he
stayed.
A. where B. which C. that D. the one
改：Tom is better at physics than Jack, but
not _____ （as ）at chemistry.
C (that I meet him yesterday)A（五）、思维定势干拢
所谓定势思维，就是习惯性地遵循某一单一模式进行的思维。
对策：运用意群及结构分析法
1. It's worth much __ is worth doing.
A. doing it B. to do what
C. what to do D. do what
______ is worth doing is worth much.( )B
2. Could you tell me the way you've thought of ____.
A.?to do it B. doing it C. do it D. how to do it
3. It is the young man ____ looked for that caught the murderer.
A. they B. they were
C. were D. that they were( )A( )A 4. Don't let the child who is __ go to school.
A. so young as to B. not old enough to
C. too young to D. not old enough
5.They insisted that the cruel woman _____
thrown into prison.
A. refers to B. referred to be
C. referred to being D. refers to be
6. Here is so big a stone ____ no one can move．
A．that B．which C．as D．as to
?
?
( )DThey insisted that the cruel woman (referred to ) (should)be thrown into prison.
BCCf: Here is so big a stone __ no one can move it.A 8. She told us ______ she had done.
A. all what B. all which
C. all those D. all of it
9. A modern city has been set up in_____
was a wasteland ten years ago. (2004 天津)
A. what B. which
C. that D. where
She told (us all )what she had done.A(=a place which)A
Thank you! Bye-bye
长沙市周南中学 杨捷
高考英语
单选复习探讨
近几年的NMET单项选择填空题的命题原则是：“突出语境，强化语意，强调运用”。此类题型的设置旨在测试考生基础知识在特定语境中的应用，词法、习语的识记与理解以及语用能力。由于高考是选拔性的测试，所以单项填空题有一定的难度，这使得考生在此类题目上费时较多又得分率不高。因此，在指导学生应试高考单选题时，我们采用了以下几种巧做单选题的方法。
一、增强学生的语境意识，
提高学生分析语境的能力：
语境题包含语境信息。题干中的语境信息常是单词、短语或句子，有时甚至是一个标点符号 。准确把握语境信息可以成功地解答单选题。 1.．All morning as she waited for the medical report from the doctor, her nervousness . （NMET 2003）
A．has grown B．is growing
C．grew D．had grown
2. － Has Sam finished his homework
today?
－I have no idea. He ______ it this
morning. （NMET 2004 全国II）
A. did B. has done
C. was doing D. had donecC_______________________________________________________________ 3. -- I hear Jane has gone to the Holy
Island for her holiday.
-- Oh, how nice! Do you know when
she ?（2004 湖南）
A. was leaving B. had left
C. has left D. left
4. ----Do you think the Stars will beat the
Bulls?
----Yes. They have better players, so I
____them to win. [NMET 99]
A. hope B. prefer C. expect D. want
_______________D________________________________C
将高考题进行改变语境信息来进行训练,可以强化学生的语境意识。 1.① （原题）
－ Has Sam finished his homework today?
－I have no idea. He _____ it this morning.
（NMET 2004 全国II）
②（改编）
－ Has Sam finished his homework today?
－Yes. He ______ it this morning.
A. did B. has done
C. was doing D. had done cA2. ①（原题）
Shirley _____a book about China last year，but I don‘t know whether she has finished it. (NMET98) ②（改编）
Shirley ____a book about China last year，
but I don't know whether she has had it published. A. has written B. wrote
C . had written D. was writing
DB 3. ①（原题） Robert is said _____abroad, but I
don't know what country he studied in.
(NMET99)
②（改编）Robert is said _______abroad, but
I don't know what country he is studying in. ③（改编）Robert is said _______abroad, but
I don't know what country he will study in.
A. to have studied B. to study C．to be studying D.to have been studying
ACB 4. ①（原题） We had three sets of garden tools
and we seemed to have no use for______ .
(2004 浙江)
②（改编）We had two sets of garden tools
and we seemed to have no use for______ .
A. none B. either C. any D. each
CB 5. ①（原题）
--Which of the three ways shall I take to
the village ?
-- ______way as you please. (2004 福建)
②（改编）
--Which of the two ways shall I take to
the village ?
-- ______ way as you please.
A. Each B. Every C. Any D. Either
DC 6. ①（原题）
The factory produces half a million pairs of
shoes every year , 80_____ are sold abroad.
(2004 辽宁)
②（改编）
The factory produces half a million pairs
of shoes every year ; 80 ______ are sold
abroad.
A. of which B. which of
C. of them D. of that
AC 1. --Do you have ______ at home now,
Stella?
--No, we still have to get several pounds
of fruit and some tea.
A. anything B. everything
C. something D. nothing
2. --Does Jim do his new job well?
-- his old job. How stupid! I fear
there is no hope for him.
A. No better than B. Not better than
C. Not so well as D. Not as well as
?
“语境化”单项选择题举例： BA3. I don't know ______of the strangers.
I've got nobody to talk with.
A. neither B. everyone
C. any D. None
4. 1). --Do you have anything_____?
-- No, I'm free.
2). --Do you have anything ____ .?
--Oh, thank you, I can manage it myself.
A. to do B. to be done
C. doing D. do
CAB 二、参考命题意图，教会学生排除各种干扰
高考的选拨性决定了单项填空题不会让所有的人顺利过关，这就必然会通过各种方法来增加干扰信息，往往造成考生失分。命题人通常从以下角度来没计干扰信息：
（一）、句型的转换：
对策：运用还原法,再现真面目
下面举例说明：
1. Every minute is made full _____ of
___our lessons.
A. use; study
B. useful; to study
C. use; to study
D. used; studying
还原为：We should make full _____ of every minute ___our lessons_______________ 2. Who would you rather _____with you
tomorrow，Tom or Smith?
A．have to go B．have go
C．have gone D．had go
改为： You would rather __ who ___
with you tomorrow，Tom or Smith?
B 3. How pleased the boy was ____ what his parents said！
A．hearing B．heard
C．hear D．to hear
还原为： The boy was very pleased
____ what his parents said！D4. It was _____ the old clock that the old
man spent the whole morning at home．
A．repair B．repairing
C．to repair D．in repair
5. Is the man said that really true?
A. that B. what C. all that D. that all
BA 还原为：The old man spent the whole
morning ____ the old clock at home． 还原为:___the man said that is really true.
（二） 、插入语干扰
这类题主要是利用插入语，增加句子的复杂 程度，从而达到于扰考生视线的目的。
对策： 去掉插入语
He believes in himself，______ ，
in my opinion，is of the most importance．
A．that B．which C．what D．as
2. The home improvement have taken what
little there is _____my spare time .
A. from B. in C. of D. at
( ) B ( ) C3. The writer and professor，whom I often
refer to at the meetings，_____ famous
for those works．
A．is B．are C．am D．were
4. We should do more such exercises in the
future，I think，_____ those we did
yesterday．
A．as B．like C．about D．than
5. He will tell you _____ he expects will win
such a match．
A．why B．whom C．which D．who
AD( ) ( ) ( ) D() 6．He often stands against the fence and talks endlessly with my father ________ gardening problems．
A．to B．too
C．about D．off
7. It's not necessary for us to have " crash diets" _____will make us lose weight.
A.that some companies say they
B.that some companies say
C. some companies say
D. which some companies say that
CB( )( ) 8. As China faces up to a battle against bird flu, the government announced a range of control measures______believes will bring the disease under control.
A. it B. that C. which it D. this
9. He seemed______ more anxious than I
__from my father.
A. much; heard B. a bit; would hear
C. even; to hear D.quite; had heard
C(it )( ) ( ) C10. (2004 天津) Helen was much kinder to
her youngest son than to the others,
_____of course, made the others envy him.
A. who B. that C. what D. which
?11. He turned off the head lamp of the car to
keep the light from flashing in through the
window of Jack's house and _____ Jack up．
A．woke B ．waking
C．wake D．to wake
( ) ( ) DB( ) （三）、标点符号干扰
标点符号在英语句式中的配合作用是不容忽视的，从英语的句型结构这一角度来看，它甚至是起着决定性的作用——它决定着句子的单复形式，决定着选词造句等
其他诸多问题。
对策：掌握英语中逗号的作用、常见句子结构及并列连词
1. Tom，_____ sure to come tomorrow．
A is B．be C．was D would be
2.All the money____, John had to start
looking for a job.
A.was cost B. had cost
C. having been spent D. having spent
3． ____，I had to walk home．
A .There was no bus
B．There being no bus
C．There were no buses
D.There was not a bus
BCB4．The woman stood here，her sharp eyes
____? on my face．
A．fix? B．fixed
C．were fixed? D．fixing
5．The secretary worked late into the
night,___a long speech for the president．
A．to prepare????? B．preparing?
C．prepared? D．was preparing BB（四）、省略句干扰
对策：补充省略成分，确定正确选择
1.----What made you so happy ?
-----_______.
A. Because of my passing the exam.
B. I passed the exam.
C. Because I passed the exam.
D. My passing the exam.
2. She is looking so forward as much to his return
as he himself to _____ her.
A.have seen B. seeing
C. see D. having seen
(made me so happy)D（改） She is looking so forward as much to his
return as he himself(is looking forward) to __ her.B 3. Tom is better at physics than Jack, but not ________ at chemistry.
A.good B.better
C. as good D. too good
4. ---I can’t find Mr. Morris. Where did
you meet him yesterday ?
---It was in the hotel __________ he
stayed.
A. where B. which C. that D. the one
改：Tom is better at physics than Jack, but
not _____ （as ）at chemistry.
C (that I meet him yesterday)A（五）、思维定势干拢
所谓定势思维，就是习惯性地遵循某一单一模式进行的思维。
对策：运用意群及结构分析法
1. It's worth much __ is worth doing.
A. doing it B. to do what
C. what to do D. do what
______ is worth doing is worth much.( )B
2. Could you tell me the way you've thought of ____.
A.?to do it B. doing it C. do it D. how to do it
3. It is the young man ____ looked for that caught the murderer.
A. they B. they were
C. were D. that they were( )A( )A 4. Don't let the child who is __ go to school.
A. so young as to B. not old enough to
C. too young to D. not old enough
5.They insisted that the cruel woman _____
thrown into prison.
A. refers to B. referred to be
C. referred to being D. refers to be
6. Here is so big a stone ____ no one can move．
A．that B．which C．as D．as to
?
?
( )DThey insisted that the cruel woman (referred to ) (should)be thrown into prison.
BCCf: Here is so big a stone __ no one can move it.A 8. She told us ______ she had done.
A. all what B. all which
C. all those D. all of it
9. A modern city has been set up in_____
was a wasteland ten years ago. (2004 天津)
A. what B. which
C. that D. where
She told (us all )what she had done.A(=a place which)A
Thank you! Bye-bye