2006年译林牛津高中必修3 Unit1 language points[下学期]

课件12张PPT。unit3 Language pointsOnce out in the street ,she walked quickly…
once out in the street = once (when) she was out in the streetonce: as soon as / whenOnce ( it is ) seen, it will never be forgotten.人们看到它就不会忘记它。First aid, if (it is) properly done, can save a person’s life.急救如果做得得法，能拯救人的性命。once conj. 一…就…，一旦他一到我们就可以动身。Once he arrives we can start.once adv. 一次；曾经请注意，我把问题再重复一遍。Attention please, I’ll repeat the question once more. 2. ‘Sorry, Miss,’ replied the man, ‘the truth is that the fogs too thick for the bus to run that far.
句中第一个that引导的是表语从句。例如：
问题是我们钱已用完了。
The problem is that we have run out of money.
他没来的原因是他病了。
The reason why he did not come is that he was ill.
第二个that (或this) 在此处等于so，意思是“那么”（或“这么”），修饰形容词或副词。例如：
There did not seem much point in working on my PhD--- I did not expect to survive that long.
取得博士学位对我来讲没有什么意义，我不指望活那么久。
Can hard work change a person that much?
艰辛会使人变化那么大吗?
你听我说，这么糟糕的雾很少见。
You see, a fog this bad is rare.4.glance v. n.他匆匆看了一下手表。He glanced at his watch.give/ take/ shoot/ throw a glance at 朝……匆匆看一下当她走进房间时，他匆匆看了她一下。He gave her a quick glance as she walked into the room.3.observe 看到，观察到，注意到；观察，注视，监视observe sb do/doing sth; observe that…;
be observed to do sth这些病人被观察了数月之久。The patients were observed over several months.他们看见他走进银行。They observed him enter the bank.They observed him entering the bank.有人看到他在午夜出门。He was observed to go out at midnight.6. Now she wanted to run, but fear held her still.
hold:使身体保持某种姿势狗把尾巴夹在两腿之间。The dog held its tail between its legs.宝宝能自己站起来吗？Can the baby hold herself up yet?5. The tall man was nowhere to be seen.
哪儿也看不到这个高个子男人了。
nowhere无处；任何地方都不。例如：
丢失的钱包任何地方都找不着。
The missing wallet is nowhere to be found.
Nowhere else could we find the missing wallet.
我们任何其他地方都找不到丢失的钱包。
to be seen 通常不定式的逻辑主语是动作的承受者时，且动作的施动者不明确时，不定式要用被动语态。例如：
The meeting to be held is of great importance.
明天要开的会很重要。
These are the books to be handed out to the students.
这些是要发给学生的书。7. Polly found herself staring up at a man standing with his hand resting on her arm.
find oneself doing意识到自己不自觉在干某事。
find oneself in/at 意识到自己不自觉地处于某种（不好的）处境中。例如：
Peter, who was usually shy, found himself talking to the girls.
彼得，平时很害羞的他发现自己竟和这帮女孩搭起话来了。
If you find yourself worrying about things, call me.
如果你觉着自己老是担心就打电话给我。
After wandering around, we found ourselves back at the hotel.
四处徘徊后，我们竟然回到了旅馆。
Finding herself in the mire, Mary had to give up her adventure.
发现自己陷入困境后，玛丽不得不放弃她的冒险活动。standing with his hand resting on her arm现在分词作定语，修饰a man。例如：
Houses near airports sometimes have their windows broken by the noise of jet planes passing overhead.
因为飞在上空的喷气式飞机的噪音的影响，靠近机场的房子有时候窗子会被震破。
站在那儿的男孩是我的同班同学。
The boy standing there is a classmate of mine.
rest on 被搁在, 停留在, 信赖。例如：
她的手轻轻搭在他的肩膀上。
Her hand rested lightly on his shoulder.
The bridge rests on stone arches.
这座桥靠石拱支持。
His eyes rested on the peaceful valley below.
他的双眼凝视着下面的山谷。句中with his hand resting on her arm是with + n. + 现在分词结构。作该句式的名词后除了接现在分词外，还可接过去分词，形容词，副词，不定式和介词短语。例如：
With the old man leading the way, the two started toward the mountains.
（现在分词）
The child was crying with the cup broken.
（过去分词）
He often sleeps with the window open.
（形容词）
The building looks even more beautiful with all lights on.
（副词）
With the boy to help us, we will soon find the place.
（不定式）
The guard stood there with a gun in his hand.
（介词短语）8. The face that she saw was that of an old man.
她看到的是一张老年人的脸。
第二个that在句中用作代词，指代the face。that既可以指代不可数名词，也可指代可数名词，其复数形式是those。例如：
The effect teachers have on children are greater than that of parents.
老师对孩子的影响比家长对孩子的影响大。
（that指代不可数名词）
The book I bought yesterday is more interesting than that he has.
我昨天买的书比他有的有趣得多。
（that指代可数名词）
The teachers in our school are much better than those in theirs.
能促进销售的最有力的话是那些涉及成本的语言。
（those指代复数名词teachers）it与that的区别：it指的是同一个事物，即同名同物，that所指代的名词和前面提到的名词是同一类，即同名异物。例如：
I like the car, but I have no money to buy it.
（it指的是 the car，指的是同一辆车）
The car I want to buy is more beautiful than that he has.
（that指的是the car，不是the car I want to buy）
one与 that 的区别：
虽然one与that都可以指代前面同名异物的名词，但one指的是同类中的一个，属于泛指，相当于a/ an + 名词，而that属于特指，相当于the + 名词。One的复数形式是ones, that的复数形式是those例如：
Do you need my pen? No, thanks, I have got one.
(one=a pen)
The bridge built of steel is stronger than that built of stone.
(that= the bridge built of stone)
There are a lot of apples in the basket, please pick out the rotten ones.1．I don’t think Jack is ______ foolish. He is really a clever boy.
A. quite B. fairly C. that D. rather
2．Few pleasures can equal _________ of a cool drink on a hot day.
A. some B. any C. that D. those
3．The names of the guests _______ are all listed on the piece of paper.
A. to invite B. inviting
C. to be invited D. to be inviting
4．She had said little so far, responding only briefly when _____.
A. speaking B. spoken to C. spoken D. speaking to
5．These computers with some new programs _______ for home use are very popular.
A. design B. to design C. designing D. designedIt was fog yesterday morning, I left work 1._______
early in case of no buses would be running. 2.______
Found out that there were no buses, I took a 3.______
train, which I sensed someone was watching me. 4.______
After getting down the train ,I felt someone 5.______
following me, which added to my fear. What is 6.______
worse, a few minutes later ,I felt someone brush 7.______
my face. At last ,I meet an old blind man 8.______
who was of great helpful. He led me to 9.______
my home. How luckily I was! 10.______ Key: 1. fog → foggy 2. 去掉of 3. Found → Finding 4. which →on which或where 5. down →off 6. is →was 7. 正确 8. meet →met 9. helpful →help 10. luckily →lucky