完型填空解题技巧[下学期]
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完形填空解题技巧浅谈
完形填空(cloze test)一直是英语各类考试的主要题型之一, 它着重考查考生的阅读理解、逻辑思维和英语基础知识综合运用的能力。它的题型特点是: 在一篇英语短文中挖取一定数量的文字内容而设置成选项,要求考生根据短文内容,从每一题后所提供的A、B、C、D四个选项中选择一个符合短文内容的最佳答案。一般情况下,在短文的首句和尾句不设选项,每两个空格之间通常平均保持5个单词左右或更多的单词以便保持行文的语言结构和逻辑的完整性。完形填空短文的体裁通常以记叙文为多,说明文或议论文也可能被设置成完形填空。以下为近五年来完形填空选材的情况
年度 题材、话题 体裁特征
2001年 雪人传说与相关报道 说明为主；为报导客观，出现语气、观点、态度的跳跃
2002年 讨论对智力与人才的评价观；富含哲理 夹叙夹议；第一人称讲述所思所想，观察体验人物言行与角色转换
2003年 健身壁球赛；涉及人物态度、意志锻炼 叙事为主，心理活动丰富；通过人物言语行为把握故事进程；背景不太熟悉
2004年 围绕一分“合同”的故事 线索清晰，叙诉生动有趣，很贴近现实生活
2005年 作者夜访咖啡馆的一段经历 叙事为主，贴近学生现实生活
近五年的NMET完形填空题的主要特点
年份/类别 动词 名词 形容词 副词 连词 介词
2001 5 4 4 6 1 0
2002 8 5 2 4 0 1
2003 8 3 5 3 1 0
2004 7 5 2 2 1 3
2005 8 8 2 1 1 0
一．近年完形填空的命题趋势
1. 突出语篇。
2. 试题型稳定，选项独具匠心。
3. 辨析词义，以实词为主。
4. 记叙文为主，且第一句不设空。
5. 生词量有增无减。
6. 长句增加，句式灵活，结构复杂。
结合试题分述如下：
1，突出语篇 ( file: / / / K:\\3" \o "*" \t "_parent )
例 (2005NMET)My sister and I grew up in a little village in England. Our father was a struggling 36 , but I always knew he was 37 . … he never criticized us ,but used 38 (praise)to bring out our best …father said: “when I was 23, my dad persuaded me to go into law”.
36. A. biologist B. manager C. lawyer D. gardener
37. A. strict B. honest C. special D. learned
2，试题题型稳定，选项设计独具匠心
例：[NMET(1)2005]One afternoon I was sitting at my favorite table in a restaurant , waiting for the food I had ordered to arrive .Suddenly I 36 that a man sitting at a table near the window kept glancing in my direction , 37 he knew me.
36. A. knew B. understand C. recognize D. notice
37. A. since B. even if C. though D. as if
3，辨析词义，以实词为主
多以名词、动词、形容词和副词为主
4. 长句增加，句式灵活，结构复杂。
例：[NMET(1)2005] (when I was waiting for my food in a familiar restaurant) The man had a news paper 38 in front of him ,which he was 39 to read , but I could 4 0 that he was keeping an eye on me .When the waiter brought my 41 the man was clearly puzzled by the 42 way in which the waiter and I 43 each other .
38. A. flat B. open C. cut D. fixed
39. A. hoping B. thinking C. pretending D. continuing
40. A. See B. find C. guess D. learn
41. A. menu B. bill C. paper D. food
42. A. direct B. familiar C. strange D. funny
43. A. Chatted with B. looked at C. laughed at D. talk about
二，试题题型稳定，选项设计独具匠心
[NMET2004](She said she had a story to tell me-a postal letter carrier) About six months 3 it seemed that I had 4 a letter to her which had her street 5 on it but was addressed to another house with the 6 number on a different street in the neighborhood.
3. A. after B. earlier C. later D. ago
4. A. sent B. written C. delivered D. given
5. A mark B. sign C. board D. number
6. A. correct B. wrong C. same D. different
三.如何做好完形填空题
1. 如何在这一题型上拿高分
正确的答题步骤
适当的答题技巧
适量的实践训练
第一；正确的答题步骤:
1. 浏览全文,掌握文章的中心及脉络;
a. 应用阅读技能,进行缺词阅读.
b. 注意首段和末端以及每个段落的首句.
2. 分段落实,逐个填空;
a. 先填上固定搭配与习惯表达,基本句型等较容易的空格.
b. 对语境和语义还不太明朗的空格要反复推敲,力争突破难点.
3. 通读全文,检查核对.
第二：适当的解题技巧
1. 照应 ，瞻前顾后联系全文。1.照应： 充分利用文章的结构，上下文和前后句，找到对选择有提示作用的词或句。有时可能是同义词，有时可能是反意词。
1） So the slave was pardoned and 50.
A. killed B. rich C. happy D. freed
2） Many old people don't have good __13__. They can't watch TV, but they can listen to music or news over the radio.
A. hearing B. health C. eyesight D. time
2. 积累，掌握 固定搭配的用法与同义词的辨析。
积累固定搭配包括介词与动词的搭配、动词与宾语的搭配以及形容词与名词的搭配等。要根据内容选择正确的短语。
1． They spend millions of dollars yearly ____ newspapers and magazines…
A. in B. to C. on D. for
2． Tom told what he saw to the man and it wasn’t long ____ the police caught the thief. A. that B. before C. until D. then
3． Some people in India do not eat meat or fish __6__.
A. after all B. in the end C. at all D. no longer
同时注意词语的辨析：例如：
1) Soon I heard a ____ like that of a door burst in, and then a climb of feet.
A. sound B. cry C. voice D. from
2) To my horror, I saw, ____ my father's shoulder, a gorilla, ……
A. on B. above C. over D. form
3) "Give me a hand," he shouted ____ he got near the boat.
A. while B. till C. for D. as
3. 分清逻辑关系，注意文中分类、对比、从属、并列等关系所用的词语。根据上下文的逻辑关系确定选项。
1) … and the officers then began to eat their meal, saying that the mushrooms had a very strange __8__ quite pleasant taste.
A. besides B. but C. and D. or
2) A transistor radio is sometimes very small. It is very easy to carry… __11__, radio broadcasts are better for blind people.
A. Besides B. However C. Yet D. Sometimes
4. 化简句子，突破长句的理解。解此类试题，首先化简难句，达到理解。作出正确答案。
1)He is a great chatter 48 (as well). If he did not know them, he would greet them with a few 49 about the weather , 50 he did know them , he would ask about their families or make 51 , always cutting his cloth 52 his customers. (MNET2005江西卷）
49. A. Saying B. questions C. words D. speeches
50. A. and then B. and so C. even if D. but if
51. A. Preparations B. jokes C. repairs D. friends
52. A. according to B. due to C. instead of D. up to
5. 充分利用生活常识以及相关知识
充分利用你的常识，解答试题。
1) …, because the earth __2__ twenty-four time zones, one hour apart.
A. gives B. is C. is divided into D. shows
2) There .1350 feet above the street, a ____ figure was walking on air.
A. great B. strange C. public D. tinny
3) The ring had fallen of and been damaged in the great _____ of the fire.
A. pile B. heat C. power D. pressure
四．实例分析
2002年高考英语试卷中的完形填空题是一个完整的故事。文章的第一句最后一句没有挖空。全文共257个单词，分为四段。
第一段：作者述说了自己的高智商；
What is intelligence anyway When I was in the army I 36. _______ an intelligence test that all the soldiers took, and, against 37. _________ of 100, scored 160.
本文的第一句不挖空。
36. 社会文化线索，词汇线索：receive , take an intelligence test
37. 社会文化线索：智商-160-100-平均值
第二段：作者说的是一位智商不高，但
技术精湛的汽车修理工.
I had an auto-repair man once, who, on these intelligence tests, could not 38. _______ have scored more than 80. 39. ____, when anythingwent wrong with my car I hurried to him and he always 40. ____ it.
38. 上下文线索，句法线索：推测
39. 句法线索, 上下文线索：低智商与高技术
40. 社会文化线索：修理工与工作；上下文线索：always
第三段：作者提出自己的观点：在他的工作范围内他的能力远不如这位智商不高的汽车修理工。Well, then, suppose my auto-repair man
41. _______ questions for some intelligence tests. By every one of them I’d prove myself a
42. ____. In a world where I have to work with my 43. _____, I’d do poorly.
41. 上下文线索：“他出题，我来
42. 上下文线索，社会文化线索：推理
43. 上下文线索，社会文化线索高智商者未必手脚都灵巧：
第四段：作者例举事实来证明自己的观点。
这一段是全文的主体内容。
Consider my auto-repair man 44. _____. He had a habit of telling 45. _____. One time he said, “Doc, a deaf-and-dumb man 46. _______ some nails. Having entered a store, he put two fingers together on the counter and made 47. __________movements with the other hand.
44. 上下文线索：前面已提到过一
45. 词汇线索：动宾搭配
46. 上下文线索，社会文化线索：把钉子与锤子联系起来
47. 句法线索：把动作与钉子联系在一起
The clerk brought him a hammer. He 48. _____ his head pointed to the two fingers he was hammering. The clerk 49. _______him some nails.
48．上下文线索：逻辑关系
49．上下文线索：从下文的“挑选”可以推测出此处的“拿来”
He picked out the right size and left. Well, Doc, the 50. _____ man who came in was blind. He wanted scissors. 51. ____do you suppose he asked for them ”
50．句法线索，上下文线索：此处说的另一个人：买剪刀的盲人
51．句法线索，上下文线索：前文提到“怎样买钉子”，下文自然会说明“怎样买剪刀”
I lifted my right hand and made scissoring movements with my first two fingers. He burst into laughing and said, “Why, you fool, he used his 52. _____ and asked for them. I’ve been 53. _____ that on all my customers today, but I knew 54. _______I’d catch you.”
52．社会文化线索：盲人能说话
53．句法线索，上下文线索：try on sb
54．社会文化线索，上下文线索：讲故事者的口气
“Why is that ” I asked. “Because you are goddamned educated, Doc. I knew you couldn’t be very 55. ______.”And I have an uneasy feeling he had something there.
55社会文化线索：智商不高的人往往容易说别人不聪明短文的最后一句不挖空解题技巧列
五． 解题技巧和方法
1 充分利用文章的上下文和前后句，找到对选择有提示作用的词或句。这些词有可能是同义词或反义词。
1) Many old people don’t have good ____. They can’t watch TV, but they can listen to music or news over the radio .
A .hearing B health C eyesight D time
2) Some parts of the water are very shallow. But in some places it is very, very______.
A. deep B. high C. cold D. dangerous
根据转折连词but的提示，所选的词应与shallow相反，因此选A
3) I climbed the stairs slowly, carrying a big suitcase, my father following with two more. By the time I got to the third floor ,I was___ and at the same time feeling lonely.( NMET2000 第26小题）
A helpless B lazy C anxious D tired
---4) … and then both ended up from the same high school, just three weeks before_____, Bill asked Mark if they could talk.(2003北京春季卷第45小题）
A graduation B . movement C separation D vacation
2 注意固定搭配，包括动词与介词的搭配、动词与名词的搭配以及形容词与名词的搭配等，同时要根据内容选择正确的短语。
1）The city(Washington) was named George Washington, the first president of the United States.
A. by B. for C. as D. after
2) It was 4 o’clock when the front doorbell rang. Mrs Clarke was ____tea at the time.
A. cooking B. making C. burning D. serving
3) Mark____ down and helped the boy pick up these articles.(2003 北京 春 50小题）
A. fell B. sat C. lay D. knelt
3 注意同义词的辨义
1）Soon I heard a ___ like that of a door burst in , and then a climb of
feet.
A. sound B. cry C. voice D. shout
2).‘‘ Give me a hand,” he shouted ______ he got near the boat.
A. while B. till C. for D. as
四个选项都可以表示时间。while强调一段时间内进行的动作，常与进行时连用；till表示的是动作持续到某时或到某时才开始；for表示的是动作持续了一段时间；as连接的是一个与谓语动作几乎同时发生的动词。答案应选D，表示他一边向船靠近一边大声喊。
4.根据动作的发出者确定所选的词
1). And video cameras can be used to ___people’s actions at home.
A. keep B. make C. record D. watch
2). When the papers were____ she discovered that twelve boys had made exactly the same mistakes throughout the test.
A. collected B. completed C. marked D. answered
3). Japan is an island country and its_①__ go all over the Pacific looking for fish to _②__.
① A. fishing boats B. lifeboats C. planes D. trains
② A. buy B. catch C. hold D. weigh
只有fishing boats能够到太平洋捕鱼，因此第一个空答案A为。捕鱼用动词catch，第二个空答案为B。根据上下文的逻辑关系确定选项. 有时，选项中所给的四个词为表示上下文逻辑关系的连接性词语，它涉及到文章的起承转合、上下连贯。
这类题主要考查考生对上下文逻辑关系的理解，如转折关系、让步关系、因果关系、递进关系、增补关系、比较关系以及对比关系等。常见的承接语有and, but, however, so, therefore,等。其中for one thing…for another…等连接词表示列举；First…and then, First…Next…Then…Finally…用来按次序描述时间发生的过程；anyhow, still, though, although…表示让步关系；therefore, so表结果；because, since, due to, owing to…表原因，等等。
1). A transistor radio is sometimes very small. It is very easy to carry…___,radio broadcasts are better for blind people.
A. Besides B. However C. Yet D. Sometimes
2). At first nothing happened, ____ suddenly a large rat rushed out of the…
A. and B. or C. so D. then
5．根据生活常识以及相关知识确定选项
这类题型在完形填空中所占的比例很小,考生要做好这类题目需要有相关的生活常识和经验,了解一定的文化差异、地域风土人情、科普知识等.
1）The space is left to let the rail expand（膨胀） when it gets _______.
A. wet B. cold C. hot D. dry
2)…,you __①__the international dateline. By agreement, this is the point where a new day__②__.
① A. see B. cross C. are D. are stopped by
_② A. is coming B is discovered C. is invented D. begins
the international dateline是 ‘‘国际日期变更线’’， 是人们所规定的，看不见，摸不着，但是可以越过。它是新的一天开始的地方。答案分别为B 和D
6．利用语法知识选出正确选项
1）When Ed first phoned and _________ we play, I laughed quietly ,figuring on an easy victory.(NMET2003 , 37题）
A. declared B. mentioned C. persuaded D. suggested
2). I realized that____ I had done that, I would have lost a new friend and missed all the fun we would have together.(2003 北京 春季 53题）
A. before B. if C. while D. as
3). As my father worked three jobs, once told me, …（2003 北京 54题）
A. he B. that C. who D. whoever
总之要注意如下步骤：一.通读全文
抓首句
抓中心
抓线索
二.精读全文 思文意
思语法
思常识
三.复读全文
查内容
查语言
查推理
Practice makes perfect!
完形填空(cloze test)一直是英语各类考试的主要题型之一, 它着重考查考生的阅读理解、逻辑思维和英语基础知识综合运用的能力。它的题型特点是: 在一篇英语短文中挖取一定数量的文字内容而设置成选项,要求考生根据短文内容,从每一题后所提供的A、B、C、D四个选项中选择一个符合短文内容的最佳答案。一般情况下,在短文的首句和尾句不设选项,每两个空格之间通常平均保持5个单词左右或更多的单词以便保持行文的语言结构和逻辑的完整性。完形填空短文的体裁通常以记叙文为多,说明文或议论文也可能被设置成完形填空。以下为近五年来完形填空选材的情况
年度 题材、话题 体裁特征
2001年 雪人传说与相关报道 说明为主；为报导客观，出现语气、观点、态度的跳跃
2002年 讨论对智力与人才的评价观；富含哲理 夹叙夹议；第一人称讲述所思所想，观察体验人物言行与角色转换
2003年 健身壁球赛；涉及人物态度、意志锻炼 叙事为主，心理活动丰富；通过人物言语行为把握故事进程；背景不太熟悉
2004年 围绕一分“合同”的故事 线索清晰，叙诉生动有趣，很贴近现实生活
2005年 作者夜访咖啡馆的一段经历 叙事为主，贴近学生现实生活
近五年的NMET完形填空题的主要特点
年份/类别 动词 名词 形容词 副词 连词 介词
2001 5 4 4 6 1 0
2002 8 5 2 4 0 1
2003 8 3 5 3 1 0
2004 7 5 2 2 1 3
2005 8 8 2 1 1 0
一．近年完形填空的命题趋势
1. 突出语篇。
2. 试题型稳定，选项独具匠心。
3. 辨析词义，以实词为主。
4. 记叙文为主，且第一句不设空。
5. 生词量有增无减。
6. 长句增加，句式灵活，结构复杂。
结合试题分述如下：
1，突出语篇 ( file: / / / K:\\3" \o "*" \t "_parent )
例 (2005NMET)My sister and I grew up in a little village in England. Our father was a struggling 36 , but I always knew he was 37 . … he never criticized us ,but used 38 (praise)to bring out our best …father said: “when I was 23, my dad persuaded me to go into law”.
36. A. biologist B. manager C. lawyer D. gardener
37. A. strict B. honest C. special D. learned
2，试题题型稳定，选项设计独具匠心
例：[NMET(1)2005]One afternoon I was sitting at my favorite table in a restaurant , waiting for the food I had ordered to arrive .Suddenly I 36 that a man sitting at a table near the window kept glancing in my direction , 37 he knew me.
36. A. knew B. understand C. recognize D. notice
37. A. since B. even if C. though D. as if
3，辨析词义，以实词为主
多以名词、动词、形容词和副词为主
4. 长句增加，句式灵活，结构复杂。
例：[NMET(1)2005] (when I was waiting for my food in a familiar restaurant) The man had a news paper 38 in front of him ,which he was 39 to read , but I could 4 0 that he was keeping an eye on me .When the waiter brought my 41 the man was clearly puzzled by the 42 way in which the waiter and I 43 each other .
38. A. flat B. open C. cut D. fixed
39. A. hoping B. thinking C. pretending D. continuing
40. A. See B. find C. guess D. learn
41. A. menu B. bill C. paper D. food
42. A. direct B. familiar C. strange D. funny
43. A. Chatted with B. looked at C. laughed at D. talk about
二，试题题型稳定，选项设计独具匠心
[NMET2004](She said she had a story to tell me-a postal letter carrier) About six months 3 it seemed that I had 4 a letter to her which had her street 5 on it but was addressed to another house with the 6 number on a different street in the neighborhood.
3. A. after B. earlier C. later D. ago
4. A. sent B. written C. delivered D. given
5. A mark B. sign C. board D. number
6. A. correct B. wrong C. same D. different
三.如何做好完形填空题
1. 如何在这一题型上拿高分
正确的答题步骤
适当的答题技巧
适量的实践训练
第一；正确的答题步骤:
1. 浏览全文,掌握文章的中心及脉络;
a. 应用阅读技能,进行缺词阅读.
b. 注意首段和末端以及每个段落的首句.
2. 分段落实,逐个填空;
a. 先填上固定搭配与习惯表达,基本句型等较容易的空格.
b. 对语境和语义还不太明朗的空格要反复推敲,力争突破难点.
3. 通读全文,检查核对.
第二：适当的解题技巧
1. 照应 ，瞻前顾后联系全文。1.照应： 充分利用文章的结构，上下文和前后句，找到对选择有提示作用的词或句。有时可能是同义词，有时可能是反意词。
1） So the slave was pardoned and 50.
A. killed B. rich C. happy D. freed
2） Many old people don't have good __13__. They can't watch TV, but they can listen to music or news over the radio.
A. hearing B. health C. eyesight D. time
2. 积累，掌握 固定搭配的用法与同义词的辨析。
积累固定搭配包括介词与动词的搭配、动词与宾语的搭配以及形容词与名词的搭配等。要根据内容选择正确的短语。
1． They spend millions of dollars yearly ____ newspapers and magazines…
A. in B. to C. on D. for
2． Tom told what he saw to the man and it wasn’t long ____ the police caught the thief. A. that B. before C. until D. then
3． Some people in India do not eat meat or fish __6__.
A. after all B. in the end C. at all D. no longer
同时注意词语的辨析：例如：
1) Soon I heard a ____ like that of a door burst in, and then a climb of feet.
A. sound B. cry C. voice D. from
2) To my horror, I saw, ____ my father's shoulder, a gorilla, ……
A. on B. above C. over D. form
3) "Give me a hand," he shouted ____ he got near the boat.
A. while B. till C. for D. as
3. 分清逻辑关系，注意文中分类、对比、从属、并列等关系所用的词语。根据上下文的逻辑关系确定选项。
1) … and the officers then began to eat their meal, saying that the mushrooms had a very strange __8__ quite pleasant taste.
A. besides B. but C. and D. or
2) A transistor radio is sometimes very small. It is very easy to carry… __11__, radio broadcasts are better for blind people.
A. Besides B. However C. Yet D. Sometimes
4. 化简句子，突破长句的理解。解此类试题，首先化简难句，达到理解。作出正确答案。
1)He is a great chatter 48 (as well). If he did not know them, he would greet them with a few 49 about the weather , 50 he did know them , he would ask about their families or make 51 , always cutting his cloth 52 his customers. (MNET2005江西卷）
49. A. Saying B. questions C. words D. speeches
50. A. and then B. and so C. even if D. but if
51. A. Preparations B. jokes C. repairs D. friends
52. A. according to B. due to C. instead of D. up to
5. 充分利用生活常识以及相关知识
充分利用你的常识，解答试题。
1) …, because the earth __2__ twenty-four time zones, one hour apart.
A. gives B. is C. is divided into D. shows
2) There .1350 feet above the street, a ____ figure was walking on air.
A. great B. strange C. public D. tinny
3) The ring had fallen of and been damaged in the great _____ of the fire.
A. pile B. heat C. power D. pressure
四．实例分析
2002年高考英语试卷中的完形填空题是一个完整的故事。文章的第一句最后一句没有挖空。全文共257个单词，分为四段。
第一段：作者述说了自己的高智商；
What is intelligence anyway When I was in the army I 36. _______ an intelligence test that all the soldiers took, and, against 37. _________ of 100, scored 160.
本文的第一句不挖空。
36. 社会文化线索，词汇线索：receive , take an intelligence test
37. 社会文化线索：智商-160-100-平均值
第二段：作者说的是一位智商不高，但
技术精湛的汽车修理工.
I had an auto-repair man once, who, on these intelligence tests, could not 38. _______ have scored more than 80. 39. ____, when anythingwent wrong with my car I hurried to him and he always 40. ____ it.
38. 上下文线索，句法线索：推测
39. 句法线索, 上下文线索：低智商与高技术
40. 社会文化线索：修理工与工作；上下文线索：always
第三段：作者提出自己的观点：在他的工作范围内他的能力远不如这位智商不高的汽车修理工。Well, then, suppose my auto-repair man
41. _______ questions for some intelligence tests. By every one of them I’d prove myself a
42. ____. In a world where I have to work with my 43. _____, I’d do poorly.
41. 上下文线索：“他出题，我来
42. 上下文线索，社会文化线索：推理
43. 上下文线索，社会文化线索高智商者未必手脚都灵巧：
第四段：作者例举事实来证明自己的观点。
这一段是全文的主体内容。
Consider my auto-repair man 44. _____. He had a habit of telling 45. _____. One time he said, “Doc, a deaf-and-dumb man 46. _______ some nails. Having entered a store, he put two fingers together on the counter and made 47. __________movements with the other hand.
44. 上下文线索：前面已提到过一
45. 词汇线索：动宾搭配
46. 上下文线索，社会文化线索：把钉子与锤子联系起来
47. 句法线索：把动作与钉子联系在一起
The clerk brought him a hammer. He 48. _____ his head pointed to the two fingers he was hammering. The clerk 49. _______him some nails.
48．上下文线索：逻辑关系
49．上下文线索：从下文的“挑选”可以推测出此处的“拿来”
He picked out the right size and left. Well, Doc, the 50. _____ man who came in was blind. He wanted scissors. 51. ____do you suppose he asked for them ”
50．句法线索，上下文线索：此处说的另一个人：买剪刀的盲人
51．句法线索，上下文线索：前文提到“怎样买钉子”，下文自然会说明“怎样买剪刀”
I lifted my right hand and made scissoring movements with my first two fingers. He burst into laughing and said, “Why, you fool, he used his 52. _____ and asked for them. I’ve been 53. _____ that on all my customers today, but I knew 54. _______I’d catch you.”
52．社会文化线索：盲人能说话
53．句法线索，上下文线索：try on sb
54．社会文化线索，上下文线索：讲故事者的口气
“Why is that ” I asked. “Because you are goddamned educated, Doc. I knew you couldn’t be very 55. ______.”And I have an uneasy feeling he had something there.
55社会文化线索：智商不高的人往往容易说别人不聪明短文的最后一句不挖空解题技巧列
五． 解题技巧和方法
1 充分利用文章的上下文和前后句，找到对选择有提示作用的词或句。这些词有可能是同义词或反义词。
1) Many old people don’t have good ____. They can’t watch TV, but they can listen to music or news over the radio .
A .hearing B health C eyesight D time
2) Some parts of the water are very shallow. But in some places it is very, very______.
A. deep B. high C. cold D. dangerous
根据转折连词but的提示，所选的词应与shallow相反，因此选A
3) I climbed the stairs slowly, carrying a big suitcase, my father following with two more. By the time I got to the third floor ,I was___ and at the same time feeling lonely.( NMET2000 第26小题）
A helpless B lazy C anxious D tired
---4) … and then both ended up from the same high school, just three weeks before_____, Bill asked Mark if they could talk.(2003北京春季卷第45小题）
A graduation B . movement C separation D vacation
2 注意固定搭配，包括动词与介词的搭配、动词与名词的搭配以及形容词与名词的搭配等，同时要根据内容选择正确的短语。
1）The city(Washington) was named George Washington, the first president of the United States.
A. by B. for C. as D. after
2) It was 4 o’clock when the front doorbell rang. Mrs Clarke was ____tea at the time.
A. cooking B. making C. burning D. serving
3) Mark____ down and helped the boy pick up these articles.(2003 北京 春 50小题）
A. fell B. sat C. lay D. knelt
3 注意同义词的辨义
1）Soon I heard a ___ like that of a door burst in , and then a climb of
feet.
A. sound B. cry C. voice D. shout
2).‘‘ Give me a hand,” he shouted ______ he got near the boat.
A. while B. till C. for D. as
四个选项都可以表示时间。while强调一段时间内进行的动作，常与进行时连用；till表示的是动作持续到某时或到某时才开始；for表示的是动作持续了一段时间；as连接的是一个与谓语动作几乎同时发生的动词。答案应选D，表示他一边向船靠近一边大声喊。
4.根据动作的发出者确定所选的词
1). And video cameras can be used to ___people’s actions at home.
A. keep B. make C. record D. watch
2). When the papers were____ she discovered that twelve boys had made exactly the same mistakes throughout the test.
A. collected B. completed C. marked D. answered
3). Japan is an island country and its_①__ go all over the Pacific looking for fish to _②__.
① A. fishing boats B. lifeboats C. planes D. trains
② A. buy B. catch C. hold D. weigh
只有fishing boats能够到太平洋捕鱼，因此第一个空答案A为。捕鱼用动词catch，第二个空答案为B。根据上下文的逻辑关系确定选项. 有时，选项中所给的四个词为表示上下文逻辑关系的连接性词语，它涉及到文章的起承转合、上下连贯。
这类题主要考查考生对上下文逻辑关系的理解，如转折关系、让步关系、因果关系、递进关系、增补关系、比较关系以及对比关系等。常见的承接语有and, but, however, so, therefore,等。其中for one thing…for another…等连接词表示列举；First…and then, First…Next…Then…Finally…用来按次序描述时间发生的过程；anyhow, still, though, although…表示让步关系；therefore, so表结果；because, since, due to, owing to…表原因，等等。
1). A transistor radio is sometimes very small. It is very easy to carry…___,radio broadcasts are better for blind people.
A. Besides B. However C. Yet D. Sometimes
2). At first nothing happened, ____ suddenly a large rat rushed out of the…
A. and B. or C. so D. then
5．根据生活常识以及相关知识确定选项
这类题型在完形填空中所占的比例很小,考生要做好这类题目需要有相关的生活常识和经验,了解一定的文化差异、地域风土人情、科普知识等.
1）The space is left to let the rail expand（膨胀） when it gets _______.
A. wet B. cold C. hot D. dry
2)…,you __①__the international dateline. By agreement, this is the point where a new day__②__.
① A. see B. cross C. are D. are stopped by
_② A. is coming B is discovered C. is invented D. begins
the international dateline是 ‘‘国际日期变更线’’， 是人们所规定的，看不见，摸不着，但是可以越过。它是新的一天开始的地方。答案分别为B 和D
6．利用语法知识选出正确选项
1）When Ed first phoned and _________ we play, I laughed quietly ,figuring on an easy victory.(NMET2003 , 37题）
A. declared B. mentioned C. persuaded D. suggested
2). I realized that____ I had done that, I would have lost a new friend and missed all the fun we would have together.(2003 北京 春季 53题）
A. before B. if C. while D. as
3). As my father worked three jobs, once told me, …（2003 北京 54题）
A. he B. that C. who D. whoever
总之要注意如下步骤：一.通读全文
抓首句
抓中心
抓线索
二.精读全文 思文意
思语法
思常识
三.复读全文
查内容
查语言
查推理
Practice makes perfect!