unit 12[下学期]
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Unit 12 Fact and fantasy
Ⅰ.Brief Statements Based on the Unit
Science fiction is often about things we believe may be possible in the far future.It is fantasy based on science facts.The famous French writer Jules Verne,the father of science fiction,wrote many famous books,such as 20 000 Leagues Under the Sea,Journey to the Centre of the Earth,etc.This unit mainly deals with Jules Verne and his two famous science fictions,and the story of Dr Frankenstein.By learning this unit,we not only want the students to learn about science fiction,but also want to stimulate the students’ interest in science.Of course,it is necessary for the students to master the useful phrases and expressions in this unit.Meanwhile,we also learn about some word formation.
Ⅲ.Background Information
1.The 10 Greatest Science-Fiction Movies Ever Made
2001 A Space Odyssey (2001 太空漫游)（1968）.The movie tells the story of a crew of people going on a dangerous mission in space,but soon their highly intelligent computer becomes a treat to them.
Alien(异形)(1979).The story is about a team of people going to a strange planet to do scientific research,but soon they find themselves surrounded by terrible aliens(外星人).
Back To The Future(回到未来)(1985).The movie is about a time machine invented by a crazy scientist.A boy goes back in time to change the present,and on the journey,he faces all sorts of exciting adventures.
Blade Runner(银翼杀手)(1982).?Blade Runner? deals with the relationship between men and robots.The story is set in the future,where highly intelligent robots do most of the physical work for us.A cop(巡捕) goes on a mission to get rid of a few bad robots,but as the story develops,he finds out more than he expected.
E.T.(ET外星人)(1982).A great scientific movie that is suitable for both child and adult audiences.When an alien spaceship crash-lands on Earth,a young alien gets lost.Through the help of a kind boy on Earth,E.T.(extra-temestrial) successfully goes back home in the end.
Jurassic Park(侏罗纪公园)(1993).This movie is not just an excellent scientific movie,it is also a milestone(里程碑) in the history of movie making!I guess the story is already well-known…
Planet Of The Apes(人猿星球)(1968).This movie has the greatest ending in all scientific movies.After an astronaut wakes up in his spaceship,he lands on a strange planet.The whole planet is ruled by apes that keep humans as slaves.After fighting against the apes he escapes at last,but in the end he finds an unbelievable truth.
Star Wars(星球大战)(1977).Set in an imaginary(虚拟的) universe,the movie tells the classic story of good against evil.Already five Star Wars movies have been released,and the last movie of the series will be released in the summer of 2005.
Terminator 2:Judgment Day (终结者2)(1991).The story is about a terminator being brought back in time to kill John Conner,who will be the leader of mankind in the future.
The Matrix(黑客帝国)(1999).In the future,humans are energy(能量) sources for machines.People lie in big glass boxes and dream of a world just like we now live in.But some people have found out the truth and they want to fight the machines and free mankind.
2.Around the World in 80 Days
This version of the classic novel set in 1872 focuses on Passepartout,a Chinese thief who steals a valuable jade Buddha and then seeks refuge in the traveling companionship of Phileas Fogg.An eccentric London inventor,Fogg has come up with the secrets to flight,electricity,and even roller-blades,but the world has dismissed him as a crackpot.Desperate to be taken seriously,Fogg makes an outlandish bet with Lord Kelvin,the head of the Royal Academy of Science:to circumnavigate the globe in no more than 80 days!Joining them is Monique(De France),a young French artist who decides that a trip around the world would provide new inspiration.Along the way,Passepartout uses his amazing martial arts abilities to defend Fogg from the many dangers they face.
One major threat to their adventure is a detective that’s following them.Why Just as Fogg and Passeportout left London,a major bank was robbed,with Fogg suspected of using the “around the world” trip as an excuse to escape.
Their incredible adventure spans many colorful and exotic lands from London to Paris,Turkey,India,China,a burgeoning United States,and more.Along the way,the group encounters an eclectric assortment of characters including Queen Victoria,a Scotland Yard Sergeant(Cleese),a hot air balloon engineer(Branson),a Turkish Prince(Schwarzeneggar),an eccentric inventor(Schneider),the Wright Brothers(Owen and Luke Wilson),and many other international star cameos.
Unit 12 Fact and fantasy
The First Period
Teaching Procedures: 教学步骤
Step Ⅰ Greetings 问候
Greet the whole class as usual.
Step Ⅱ Free-talk and Lead-in 自由交谈/引入
T:Do you like reading novels
Ss:Yes.
T:What kind of novel do you like best
S1:I like reading detective novels.
T:Why do you like novels of this kind
S1:Because this kind of novel is full of suspension and the end of it is often surprising.
T:Very good.Does anyone have a different opinion
S2:I enjoy reading about science fiction.
T:Tell us why,please.
S2:Science fiction is often about the things that may be possible in the far future.It can help us develop our minds and imagination.
T:A good job.Sit down,please.Today we’re going to talk about science fiction.
(Bb:Unit 12 Fact and fantasy The First Period)
Step Ⅲ Warming up 热身
T:First,let’s look at some new words.
(The multimedia shows the new words in this period.)
New words:
fantasy.?Jules Verne league distance balloon .? bulb fiction
(Teacher teaches the words and explains them,and then says the following.)
T:OK.Now,look at the covers of the two books written by Jules Verne.(The multimedia shows the two books.)
T:Have you read them
(Some say “Yes”,while some say “No”.Teacher asks two students who say “Yes” to stand up and say something they know about the books.)
S3:I have read the book “20 000 Leagues under the sea”.It mainly tells us a story in which Dr Aronnax,his servant and a Canadian whale hunter were kept as prisoners by Captain Nemo and then went on a voyage across the oceans by the Nautilus.
S4:The book “Journey to the Centre of the Earth” describes what two men experienced after entering the centre of the earth through a chimney in an extinct volcano,which lies in Ireland.
T:You’re wonderful!Have you read any of his books besides these two books What are they about
S5:I have heard of his book “Around the World in 80 Days”,but I haven’t read it.So I don’t know what it is about.
T:It doesn’t matter.If you’re interested in it,you can go to the library or surf the Internet to read it after class.Jules Verne lived between 1828 and 1905,so there were many scientific facts that he didn’t know or guess.Do you know the following facts Now,let’s have a quiz to see if you know any better.
(Teacher uses the multimedia to show the following.)
1.What is the highest mountain on earth and how high it is (2 points)
2.What is the deepest point in the ocean and where is it (2 points)
3.Which is the longest river on earth and how long is it (2 points)
4.What is the distance from the earth to the moon What is it to Mars What is it to the nearest star (6 points)
5.How far is it to the centre of the earth (2 points)
6.How high are the temperatures near the centre of the earth (2 points)
7.What is the longest distance around the world (2 points)
8.How fast does a balloon travel How about an aeroplane How about a space shuttle
T:Now,I’ll give you five minutes to write your answers on a piece of paper.After a while,you can check your answers with the screen and tell me how many points you get.(Five minutes later)Time is up.Have you finished
Ss:Yes.
T:Now check your answers.
(Show the answers on the screen.)
Suggested answers:
1.Mount Qomolangma;8848.13 m
2.Mariana Trench;in the west of the Pacific
3.the Nile River;6 600 kilometres
4.380 000 kilometres;more than 56 000 000 kilometres
5.150 000 000 kilometres
6.7 500 K
7.40 000 kilometres
8.about 30~40 kilometres per hour;
about 500 kilometres per hour;
about 7.4~11.2 kilometres per second
T:Have you got your total score
Ss:Yes.
T:OK.S6,tell me your total score.
S6:I’ve got 20 points.
T:Congratulations!You really know better about the facts.What about you,S7
S7:My score is 15.
T:Good.You know a lot about them.S8s,how many points have you got
S8:I’m sorry.I only got 7 points.
T:It doesn’t matter.You do not seem to be interested in science.Everyone has his own hobby.
Step Ⅳ Listening 听力
T:So much for Warming up.Now,let’s do some listening.Look at the listening part on Page 9.Listen to the tape and write down where,when and what Sam and Betty saw.Then according to the description you hear on the tape,make a sketch of the animal.Are you clear about that
Ss:Yes.
T:Now,let’s listen to the tape carefully and finish the task.
(Teacher plays the tape for the students to listen.Then give the students a few minutes to fill in the chart and make a sketch of the animal as they saw.When they finish,teacher checks their answers and picks out one sketch of the animal drawn vividly by them as an example.)
T:OK.Let’s go on with the listening practice.Listen to the tape again and then finish Exercise 2.Before listening to the tape,you need to go through the questions and know what to do.(After a little while.)Are you ready
Ss:Yes.
(Teacher begins to play the tape for the second time.During this time,teacher may pause for the students to write down the answers to the questions.At last,check the answers with the whole class.)
T:Now,write down five possible questions that other people may later ask Sam,Betty and Karen.First discuss in pairs and then write down your answers when you’ve finished.Exchange your questions with other groups.
(Students do as the teacher says.)
Step Ⅴ Speaking 对话
T:As we know,science fiction is often about things we believe may be possible in the far future,maybe a hundred years later.For example,space travel may be possible in the near future.Because Yang Liwei went on a 17-hour travel to space by Shenzhou Ⅴ spaceship last year.But sometimes people doubt whether science fiction may come true.Do you agree with me
Ss:Yes.
T:Now,open your books and turn to Page 10.Let’s look at the Speaking part.There are four dialogues about such topics,which are incomplete.Work in pairs to creat dialogues.When you’re making the dialogue,you can use the expressions on the blackboard.
(Teacher writes the following on the blackboard.)
I believe…
I suppose…
I doubt…
I’m sure that…
I’m(not) certain…
I can’t imagine…
It could be…but…
It’s likely…
It would like…
T:Now,look at the blackboard.The useful expressions are used to express beliefs and doubts.They’re helpful for you to creat the dialogues.I’ll give you a few minutes to do them.After a while,I will ask some groups to act out your dialogues.Each group should choose a topic you’re interested in.Is that clear
Ss:Yes.
T:OK.You can begin.
(Teacher goes among the students while they’re making their dialogues.It necessary,teacher may give them some advice.)
T:(A few minutes later)Are you ready
Ss:Yes.
T:OK.Which group would like to act out your dialogue
(Two students stand up and act out their dialogue before the class.)
T:Thank you for your good performance.Please go back to your seats.Which group has made a different dialogue
(Another two students stand up and their topic is about life in 3098.)
(Teacher at least asks four groups to act out their dialogues before the class,and their topics should be different from each other’s.)
Step Ⅵ Practice and Consolidation 练习
T:Can you talk more about what you believe may come true in the future For example,you can imagine Chinese astronauts land on the moon successfully in 2015,and you are one of them.Standing on the moon,what will you say to the people on the earth Who can try
S9:What I want to tell people is that I now stand on the Changjiang plain of the moon.As the gravity of the moon is only one sixth of that on the earth,walking on the moon becomes very difficult,but it is very interesting just like slow motions on the earth.
T:Wonderful!Anything else
S10:The moon is the only satellite of the earth.It is a common wish for us to develop and make use of it peacefully.We Chinese people should make contributions to it.
T:Yes.I really hope that one of you will realize the dream.Then I’ll be proud of you.
Step Ⅶ Summary and Homework 小结/作业
T:In this class,we’ve talked about science fiction and done some listening and speaking practice.When talking about science fiction,we have done a science quiz to help us learn more about some scientific facts.In the speaking part,we’ve learnt to express our beliefs and doubts freely by making dialogues.Besides,we have also talked about an imaginative dream in the practice part.After class,according to what you’ve said in class,make a dialogue using the useful expressions on the blackboard.At last,don’t forget to prepare for the next period.That’s all for today.See you tomorrow.
Ss:See you tomorrow.
Unit 12 Fact and fantasy
The Second Period
Teaching Procedures: 教学步骤
Step Ⅰ Greetings and Revision 复习
Greet the whole class as usual.
T:In the last period,we learnt some useful expressions used to express beliefs and doubts.Now,I’ll check your homework to see whether you can use them freely.Who’d like to act out your dialogue
(Two students stand up and act out their dialogue.)
Step Ⅱ Lead-in and Pre-reading 引入
T:Thank you for your good performance.Yesterday we talked about science fiction and also had a scientific test.By doing the exercises,we learnt some scientific facts.Today,let’s continue to learn more about scientific facts.Look at the pictures on the screen.
(Show the following pictures on the multimedia. See TB prereading)
T:Here are three great inventions.Who can say when the inventions in the pictures were made
S1:Electric railway was invented in the early years of the 20th century.
S2:Thomas Edison invented the light bulb in 1879.
S3:Steam-powered boat was made in 1807.
T:You’re quite right.Now,look at the screen,please.
(Teacher shows the following on the screen.)
1.When was electricity discovered
2.How was it used in the following two hundred years
3.In the early 19th century,people had no idea what the inside of the earth might look like.Can you explain what we know about it today
T:Work in groups of four to discuss the questions.Choose one of you to act as the leader of your group.Record the results of your discussion.A few minutes later,I’ll ask your leader to report your result.Are you clear about that
Ss:Yes.
T:OK.You can begin.
(During the discussion,teacher goes among the students and joins them in the discussion.)
T:(A few minutes later)Are you ready
Ss:Yes.
T:OK.Let’s look at the first question.Who’d like to answer it
S4:Electricity was discovered in 1600 by Gilbert.
T:Very good!The second question,who can try
S5:After electricity was discovered,people began to use it to serve people in many fields.Take industry for example,people use it to control machines and produce a great number of products,such as cars,planes,weapons,etc.
S6:Electricity is also used in agriculture.With electricity people can control the temperature and humidity to make vegetables grow better.
S7:In our daily life,electricity is very useful.For example,watching TV needs electricity, playing computers needs electricity,heaters need electricity,and even our watches need electricity. So,without electricity,our life would be a mess.
T:What you said is quite right.Indeed,electricity is very important to us.It is used widely in every field.The last question.Who can explain it
S8:The earth on which we live is a big ball of very hot rock,which consists of three parts:the earth’s crust,the earth’s mantle and the earth’s core.The temperature inside is very high.It’s hot inside but cold outside.It has a shell just like an egg.There are some cracks in the shell of the earth in some places.Hot water shoots into the air through those cracks and steam comes up from pools of hot water.
T:Well done!You do well in geography,indeed.
Step Ⅲ Reading 阅读
T:Yesterday,we talked about a famous writer,who is known for science fiction.Who is he
Ss:Jules Verne.
T:Good.Do you remember the books written by him and talked about by us in the last period
Ss:Yes.(Students say out the titles of the books together.)
T:Very good.Open your books and turn to Page 12.Let’s look at the reading passage.Before you read it,write down eight key words that you expect to find in the reading passage.Is that clear
Ss:Yes.
(Students begin to write eight key words.After they finish,teacher says the following.)
T:Now,read the passage quickly to check whether the words you’ve written are all in the passage.
(Students begin to read the passage and then check their words.As answers are various,teacher may just check two or three students individually.)
T:Well,re-read the passage carefully to further understand it.Then answer the questions on the screen.
(Show the following on the multimedia.)
1.To make a living,what did Jules Verne have to do
2.What will many of the instruments in his novels remind the readers of
3.How did Verne lay the foundation of modern science fiction
4.In his novel “20 000 Leagues Under the Sea”,what kind of person is Captain Nemo
5.How does the story “Journey to the Centre of the Earth” begin and end up
(A few minutes later,teacher asks some of them to answer the questions one by one.)
Suggested answers:
1.To make a living,Jules Verne had to write and sell stories.
2.They will remind the readers of Dr Benjamin Franklin’s experiment with electricity.
3.By taking the scientific developments of his day one step further.
4.He is someone you will neither like nor dislike.He is very cruel because he keeps Aronnax and others as prisoners and destroys ships.But at other moments,he is gentle and weak because he cries about the lost lives of people drowned in ships that have sunk.
5.The story begins with the discovery of an ancient document and ends up with them being shot out of a volcano in southern Italy with ever increasing speed and temperature.
Step Ⅳ Language Points 语言点
T:Now,you’re familiar with the passage.But I think the following on the screen should also be paid attention to.
(Show the following on the multimedia.)
1.make a living(=earn one’s living)
e.g.She made a living by singing in a nightclub.
2.lay the foundation of
e.g.Four-year college life laid solid foundations of his career.
3.come true
e.g.The boy’s wish to become a PLA man has come true.
4.set out
e.g.They set out to look for the lost child.
5.turn out(to be)+adj./n.
e.g.The weather man said it was going to rain this afternoon but it turned out to be very lovely.
To everyone’s surprise,the fashionable girl turned out to be a thief.
6.defend…against/from
e.g.We should defend our country against attacks.
7.be dressed in
e.g.The girl was always dressed in red.
Dressed in uniform,he looks handsome.
(Bb:make a living,lay the foundation of,come true,set out,turn out(to be)+adj./n.,defend…from/against…,be dressed in)
Step Ⅴ Post-reading 读后练习
T:Now,read the passage again.Then finish Exercise 2 in Post-reading on Page 13.
(After a while,teacher checks their answers with the whole class.)
Suggested answers:
2.During the time they do all they can to continue to live…
3.They realize that they come to the surface of the monster
4.his long-term guests
T:Well.Now,please look at Exercise 4.In Jules Verne’s times,the knowledge about the earth was very limited,and many scientific facts couldn’t be explained by people.But Jules Verne contained a lot of knowledge about the earth in his novel.Where do you think he might have got his ideas from You can use all the knowledge you have learnt to explain the questions.Work in groups of four to have a discussion.
(After a while,teacher checks their answers.Students may have various answers.)
T:OK.Let’s go on with the exercises in Post-reading.Under water travel and space travel have many things in common.Do you know the differences and similarities between them Work in groups of four to finish the chart of Exercise 3.
Suggested answers:
Differences SUBMARINE SPACESHIP
Speed slow fast
Landscape under water landscape space landscape
Number for people a lot of people a few people
Food common food special space food
Clothes diving suits space suits
Similarities Demand for skills is high.They’re both exciting.Tourists must be trained by experts.They’re expensive.
T:Well done!If you were going to climb down into a very deep cave,which tools and things would you bring What would be the most important dangers and things that could happen Work in groups of five to discuss the questions and then finish the chart in Exercise 5.Is that clear
Ss:Yes.
T:OK.You can begin.
(Teacher gives them a few minutes.Teacher joins them in the discussion and gives some advice if necessary.)
Preparation:Tools and things to bring Risks:Dangerous and things that could happen
food,water,warm clothes,ropes,matches,a knife, a chisel,some medicines losing one’s way falling into a hole being injuried
Step Ⅵ Summary and Homework 小结/作业
T:In this period,we’ve read a passage about Jules Verne.By reading,we’ve learnt more about Jules Verne and his two novels.We’ve also learnt some useful expressions and done some concerned exercises.After class,try to make more sentences using them to master them better.Besides,read the passage over and over and prepare for retelling it.At last,preview the third period—Language Study.Class is over.
Unit 12 Fact and fantasy
The Third Period
Teaching Procedures: 教学步骤
Step Ⅰ Greetings 问候
Greet the whole class as usual.
Step Ⅱ Revision 复习
T:In the last period we learnt a passage about a French famous writer Jules Verne.Now,who’d like to retell the text
(One student stands up and retells the text in his own words.)
T:Very good.It seems that you’ve read the passage again and again.
Step Ⅲ Word Study 单词
T:In the last period,we learnt some new words.Now,let’s review them.Take a piece of paper and write down the words and phrases when I read them in Chinese.Are you ready
Ss:Yes.
T:OK.Let’s begin.
(Teacher says the following words in Chinese and students write them down in English:collision,permanent,voyage,escape,on board,fiction,fantasy)
T:If you’ve written them down,make a short sentence using every word.After a while,I’ll ask some of you to read out your sentences.(A few minutes later)Have you finished
Ss:Yes.
T:OK.Who’d like to make a sentence using the first word “collision”
S1:The plane crashed after a collision with a tall building,killing all the passengers on board.
T:Very good.Next word “permanent”.Who will try
S2:Love is a permanent topic for us all.
S3:Next month,he is going to go on a voyage across the English Channel.
S4:A thief robbed the young lady of her handbag and escaped.
S5:All passengers on board are not from the same country.
S6:He is fond of science fiction.
S7:Not all fantasy can be realized in the future.
T:Well done.Your sentences are very good.Now,please turn to Page 14 and finish the exercises in Word Study.First do it by yourself.Then check your answers in pairs.Finally I’ll check your answers.
Suggested answers:
1.fantasy 2.voyage
3.collision 4.on board
5.voyage 6.collision
7.on board 8.escape
9.fantasy 10.permanent
Step Ⅳ Word Formation 语法/构词法
T:As we know,learning the rules of word formation is one of the ways to enlarge our vocabulary.We can guess the meanings of the words using them without looking them up in the dictionary.Please look at the screen.
(Teacher shows the following on the screen.)
rewrite,unhappy,disappear,impossible,invisible,non-smoker,supermarket,worker,illness,movement,useful,action,cooperate,cloudy,musical
T:What do the words mean Explain how you guess them.Who’d like to do the first one
S8:“Rewrite” means “write again”,because the prefix “re-” expresses “again”.Am I right
T:Right.Very good.
S9:“Unhappy”“disappear” “impossible” “invisible” and “non-smoker” mean in turn “not happy” “not appear” “not possible” “not visible” and “people who don’t smoke”.Because the prefixes “un-” “dis-” “im-” “in-” and “non-” all mean “not” and form the negative meanings of them.
T:A good job!Let’s go on.
S10:“Supermarket” is made up of two parts:“super” and “market”.Market is a place where all kinds of things are sold,and “super” means “more than usual”.So “supermarket” means “超市” in Chinese.
T:You’re right.Can you give some other examples
S10:Yes.For example,superman,superstar.
T:Very good.Now,who knows the meaning of the word “cooperate”
S11:“Cooperate” is to say “work together”.Because “co-” means “together” or “with”.
T:Do you agree with him/her
Ss:Yes.
T:That’s right.Do you know the meanings of the rest words
Ss:Yes.
(Students begin to say the meanings of them together.Then teacher asks one of them to explain them.)
T:Wang Lin,tell me how you guess them.
S12:These words have something in common.Their basic meanings don’t change,and changes for them are just their parts of speech.For example “worker” is formed by adding “er” after “work”.It means “people who work”.So if we add “er” to a verb,a noun is formed.If we add “-ness” to an adjective,a noun is formed.After a verb,we can add “-tion” to form a noun,while after a noun,we need to add “-ful” “-al” or “-y” to form an adjective.Is that so
T:Quite right.In this class,we’ll go on with some rules of word formation.
(Teacher uses the multimedia to show the following.)
mis-=wrong
extra-=outside
inter-=between
sub-=under
under-=below
over-=too much
dis-=not
-marine=sea
T:Please look at the screen.Study the meanings of these stems and affixes in pairs and then try to give some examples with the stems and affixes.(A few minutes later)Are you ready (Ss:Yes.)Now,I’ll ask some students to read out the words they’ve written.Any volunteer
S13:Misconduct, extraordinary, international, subsoil,underground, overcharge, disagree, submarine.
(Teacher writes these words on the blackboard.)
T:Terrific!Do you understand the meaning of each word on the blackboard
(Not all the students understand them.)
T:S13,can you explain them
S13:“Misconduct” means “improper behaviour”.“Extraordinary” means “beyond what is usual or ordinary”.“International” is to say “between nations”.“Subsoil” is to say “layer of soil that lies beneath the surface layer”.“Underground” means “under the surface of the ground”.“Overcharge” means “charge(sb.) too high a price”.“Disagree” means “not agree”.“Submarine” means “a ship that can travel below the surface of the sea”.
T:Is that clear (Ss:Yes.)Now,let’s do an exercise.Open your books and turn to Page 12.Look at Word Study,Exercise 1.Match the words and the correct definitions.I’ll give you two minutes to do it,and then I’ll check your answers.
Suggested answers:
1.E 2.F 3.B 4.C 5.D 6.A
T:You’re right.Now,let’s go on with Exercise 2.Guess the meanings of the words in italics,using context clues and what you know about word parts,and then translate each sentence into Chinese.First do it by yourself,and then check your answers with your partner.Finally,I’ll ask some of you to finish the exercise.Do you understand
Ss:Yes.
T:(A few minutes later)Have you finished
Ss:Yes.
T:Well.Who’d like to do the first one
S14:The word in italics “misbehave” means “behave improperly or wrongly”.Its Chinese meaning is “行为不端”.The whole sentence means “妈妈告诉我在祖母家不要行为不端/不懂规矩”.
T:Quite right.The second one.Who can try
S15:The word “subtitle” is formed by adding the suffix “sub-” before the word “title”.“Sub-” means “under”,so “subtitle” means “小标题；译文对白字幕” in Chinese.The Chinese meaning of the whole sentences is “荧屏底端的中文对白字幕帮助我们理解外国 影片”.
S16:误解，曲解。
不要误解我，我只不过是想帮你。
S17:互换的。
在许多情况下，单词“fiction”和“novel”可互换。
S18:地铁。
人们喜欢乘坐地铁，因为它比公共汽车快，又比出租车便宜。
S19:超时。
他看上去非常疲倦，因为整个礼拜都在超时工作。
S20：衬裤。
如果你穿着衬裤在公共场合走，人们将会认为你疯了。
Step Ⅴ Consolidation 巩固练习
T:Look at the screen,please.(Teacher shows the following on the screen.)
Add a proper affix to each of the following words to form another word.
1.______curricular
2.______ dependent
3.______patient
4.______stop
5.______judge
6.______tired
7.______heading
8.______clothing
9.______advantage
Suggested answers:
1.extra- 2.in-
3.im- 4.non-
5.mis- 6.over-
7.sub- 8.under-
9.dis-
Step Ⅵ Summary and Homework 小结/作业
T:In this class,we’ve reviewed some new words appearing in the unit by doing exercises.We’ve also learnt some rules of word formation.By doing so,we can guess the meanings of some words without looking them up in the dictionary.After class,learn the affixes on the blackboard by heart,and look for some reading materials to try guessing the meanings of new words.Besides,don’t forget to prepare for the next period.Time is up.That’s all for today.See you next time.
Ss:See you next time.
Unit 12 Fact and fantasy
The Fourth Period
Teaching Procedures: 教学步骤
Step Ⅰ Greetings 问候
Greet the whole class as usual.
Step Ⅱ Revision 复习
T:In the last period,we’ve learned some rules of word formation.Do you think knowledge of word formation can help us learn new words Why
S1:Yes.Because many English words are formed by adding affixes.So long as you know the meanings of some affixes,and word parts,you will guess the meanings of some new words without looking them up in a dictionary.
T:Quite right.Sit down,please.Now,let’s do an exercise to consolidate it.Please look at the screen,and then fill in the blanks.
(Teacher shows the following on the screen.)
1.submarine=______+______
2.disappear=______+______
3.overturn=______+______
4.Internet=______+______
5.underwater=______+______
6.prisoner=______+______
(After a while,teacher asks one student to do the exercise.Then teacher shows the answers on the screen.)
T:Good.Tell me the Chinese meaning of each word,and point out what the suffixes mean.
Suggested answers:
1.潜水艇 sub+marine sub-=under
2.消失 dis+appear dis-=not
3.打翻 over+turn over-=too much
4.因特网 Inter+net inter-=between
5.在水下的 under+water under-=below
6.囚犯 prison+er -er=person who carries out the action of the verb
Step Ⅲ Reading 阅读
T:In the last two periods,we have learnt much about science fiction and known more about Jules Verne,the father of science fiction,who wrote many famous science fiction,such as 20 000 Leagues Under the Sea,Around the World in 80 Days,Journey to the Centre of the World…He combined fact with fantasy cleverly.Now,we’re going to read another passage about science fiction,whose title is the Story of Dr Frankenstein.Open your books and turn to Page 15.Read the passage quickly and then answer some questions on the screen.
(Show the following on the screen.)
1.What did Dr Frankenstein want to do when he was young
2.After he was sent to university,what did he think of the things taught at university
3.What attracted his attention
4.Did he discover the cause of life
5.Although he knew how to creat life,what remained a difficult work for him
6.Why did he decide to creat a larger human being than man about eight feet in height
(Teacher gives them five minutes to read them.After that,check their answers.)
Suggested answers:
1.He wanted to learn the secrets of heaven and earth when he was young.
2.He found all that was taught at university very disappointing and decided to pioneer a new way himself.
3.The structure of the human body and any animal that was alive attracted his attention.
4.Yes.
5.How to prepare a body for it with all its muscles and organs still remained a difficult job for him.
6.Because the small size of the parts slowed down his speed.
T:Well done!Have you any problem in understanding the passage If any,please ask me.
S4:I don’t know how to translate the sentence “My father was so…a map” into Chinese,and why he said he had to look for a road without having a map.
T:A good question.The sentence can be translated into Chinese “我的父亲没有什么科学头脑，所以我不得不在没有指导的情况下自己摸索”.Dr Frankenstein used a metaphor in the so-clause.He compared the road without any instructions to that without having a map in order to show he had to work hard to find a way to science by himself.Are you clear about it
S4:Yes.Thank you.
T:Any other questions
S5:In the second paragraph,what does “throw light on” mean Could you make a sentence with it
T:Who’d like to answer his/her question and make a sentence with it
S6:I’d like to.The Chinese meaning of the phrase is “使某事显得非常清楚”.The preposition “on” can be replaced by “upon” here.For example,the modern scientific development has thrown light upon the mysterious.
(Teacher writes the phrase and the sentence made by S6 on the blackboard.)
T:A good job.Thank you.S5,are you clear about it
S5:Yes.
(Another student stands up to raise another question.)
S7:I don’t understand the structure:While unfinished,he was ugly…
T:The sentence “while unfinished” is equal to “while he was unfinished”.The reason why “he” and “was” can be omitted is that the subject in the while-clause and that in the main sentence are the same,and the while-clause contains a “be” verb,so in this case,the subject and “be” both can be omitted.The conjunction like this includes:when,if,although,once,…Do you understand
S7:Yes.Could you please make a sentence with the structure
T:Who can try
S8:When asked what had happened,he told us everything about it.Am I right
T:Quite right.Thank you.S7,are you clear
S7:Yes.Thank you very much.
T:In the reading passage,there are many important phrases.Now,I’ll read them out.You need to find them out and underline them.OK
Ss:OK.
(Teacher reads out the following phrases and writes them on the blackboard:throw light on,attract sb.’s attention,dream of,slow down,cut up,burn out,as white as snow)
T:Now,let’s do an exercise.(Teacher shows the following on the screen.)
1.The boy ______ becoming a pilot.
2.______ before you reach the crossroads.
3.He shouted to ______.
4.The fire ______.
5.Can you ______ the problem
6.He ______ meat with a sharp knife.
7.Her skin is ______.
T:Fill in the blanks using the proper phrases on the blackboard.
Suggested answers:
1.dreams of
2.Slow down
3.draw people’s attention
4.burn not
5.throw any light on
6.cut up
7.as white as snow
Step Ⅳ Listening and Reading Aloud 听力/阅读
T:Now,let’s listen to the tape.First listen and repeat.Then read the passage aloud by yourselves.Pay attention to your pronunciation.
(Teacher plays the tape for the students to listen and follow.Then give them a few minutes to read.After that,ask some students to read the passage and correct the mistakes in pronunciation.)
Step Ⅴ Designing and Writing 写作
T:We have read a passage about Dr Frankenstein,which tells us how Dr Frankenstein created a human being like us.In fact,one of man’s greatest dreams has always been to creat life,especially a life form that looks like us:to creat a man.Now,look at the screen.Please discuss them in groups of four.
(Teacher shows the following on the multimedia.)
1.How does your doctor creat a life form that looks like a human being
2.Describe your doctor’s efforts to do that.
3.Creat a word web of nouns,verbs and adjectives for the story.Add all the words you need.
(Teacher goes among the students to help them finish the word web.)
Suggested answers:
1.My doctor uses high technological skills to creat a life form that looks like a human being,who has the advantages of human beings and animals,and at the same time has the features of advanced computers.It is a superman.
2.My doctor takes the following steps to creat the human:
First,choose the cells of human body and fur and features of animals as materials.
Second,use the test tube and medicine to cultivate cells in the lab.
Third,on the one hand,arm the man-made human with culture and thought;on the other hand,put the machine which has the functions of storage,code,language…in the body of him.
Fourth,a superman is born.
3.
T:OK.Your imagination is very good.Now,write a short story about how your doctor would creat a human being according to what you’ve discussed.Before writing,read the tips for writing on Page 16.They will give you some help.
(The teacher gives the students enough time to finish the task and asks some of them to read their creative writing to the whole class.)
One possible version:
Hard Course
My mysterious doctor,Mike Chan,owed his great success of creating Robot to a ridiculous dream.An idea suddenly struck him when he was sleeping.
He began to collect the bones from graves at night.It was hororable but he didn’t stop.Even trapped by the stain land,he still went on and on.“I’ll never give up,”he thought.Days going by,it was a long way to make his dream come true.Besides,his friend John said,“Stupid Mike,you’ll never finish it!God blesses you!…”
Hearing these words,Mike went a further step instead of being angry.He continued to do his job,such as cutting up bodies and analysing the structure of each organ carefully.But this was far away from the complete analysis in detail.He had no choice but to get dead animals consisting of rabbits,birds and monkeys from the butcher’s.
At the same time,he went to the hospital to get test tubes,chemical medicines to keep the materials fresh.It took him nearly one month to prepare.
Rome is not built in one day.He went on with his research.He put these useful cells into the test tubes and observed them every day.Then he stored the information into a mini-computer.What he must do next was to make clear of the structure of fur,feathers of birds.He did the research in the same way.After two months,he solved the code of the order on Gene DNA.This was a markable stone.“I’ll never give up,”he thought.
Everything went well,but how to make the unfinished Robot speak With the help of the language function of computer,he achieved the success at last!A superman Robot was born!
Step Ⅵ Summary and Homework 小结/作业
T:In this class,we’ve reviewed some rules of word formation by doing an exercise.We’ve also read a passage about the story of Dr Frankenstein and learnt to write a creative description.After class,go over all the contents in this unit,especially the important points.If you haven’t finished your writing,go on with it.OK.So much for today.Class is over.
Unit 12 Fact and fantasy
The Fifth Period
Word Formation
Teaching Procedures: 教学步骤
Step Ⅰ Greetings and Revision 复习
Greet the whole class as usual.
(Teacher asks one of the students to read his homework and then asks some other students to check it.Then teacher discusses some of the answers with the students and corrects the mistakes the students made in their homework if there are any.At the same time teacher gives some explanation if necessary.)
Step Ⅱ Lead-in and Discussion 引入
T:(Teacher shows the following on the screen.)Let’s do an exercise now.Look at the sentences on the screen.Please fill in the blank of each sentence with a suitable word according to the word given in the bracket.
Complete the following sentences:
1.These gold rings are ______ while those glass ones are ______(value).
2.We all like the report given by the famous scientist yesterday.It is ______(encourage).
3.Mary’s daughter is old enough to ______ and ______ herself.(dress)
4.We were on duty yesterday.But after school we couldn’t find Jack.Tom said that he was ______(self) and must go home.
5.______(self) is a virtue of the Chinese people.
6.He lost his keys.He is ______.I’m sure he will be ______ with everything from now on.(care)
7.At the beginning the Blacks in the US had no right to vote.It was ______(fair).
8.That plan was a waste of money.We ______(agree) with it.
(Teacher goes into the students and has a discussion with them.After a few minutes.)
T:Have you finished (Ss:Yes.)Now give us your answers please.Volunteer!One student,one answer.
S1:In the first sentence,we should fill “valuable and valueless” in the blanks according to the meaning of the sentence.Am I right
Ss:Yes,you are right.
S2:The second answer is “encouraging”,I think.
S3:I’ll try the third sentence.I think “dress” and “undress” should be filled in.
S4:The fourth.It is the word “selfishness” that is suitable for this sentence.Am I right
S5:I can’t agree with you.Here an adjective is needed.“Selfish” is right in this sentence,I believe.
T:Which is right,S4or S5
S6:I think S5 is right.A word ending with “-ness” is a noun,not an adjective.
T:Is he right
Ss:Yes,he is right.
T:Please go on!
…
Suggested answers:
5.Unselfishness
6.careless;careful
7.unfair
8.disagreed
Step Ⅲ Further Discussion 讨论
T:Do you like the exercise (Ss:Yes.)Just now we reviewed a method of word formation.I’m glad you like it.There are four methods of word formation.The first is Clipping or Shortening.For example,telephone→phone;examination→exam;refrigerator→fridge;television→TV;the Chinese Communist Party→CCP etc.Who can give us some other examples
S7:aeroplane→plane;bicycle→bike;mathematics→maths;very important person→VIP;the United States of America→the US.
S8:photograph→photo;laboratory→lab;October→Oct.;November→Nov.;United Nations→UN
T:So much for this.Now I’ll tell you that the second method of word formation is common.It is conversion.(Show the following on the screen.)Look at the sentences on the screen.Who can tell us the difference between the underlined words in each group of sentences
Compare the following sentences:
1.a.It has not much taste.
b.The bread tastes delicious.
2.a.They had a quarrel yesterday.
b.They quarrelled for half an hour last night.
3.a.I’ve got an interview with National Chemicals.
b.We interviewed 20 people for the job.
S9:In each group of the sentences,the words underlined belong to the different part of speech.The word in the first sentence is a noun while the other is a verb.
T:That’s right.This method of word formation,Conversion,is to use a form that represents one part of speech as another part of speech without changing the form of the word.The process of creating new words without adding any affixes is also called zero-derivation.Can you give some more examples
S10:have a rest (n.?)→rest (v.);catch hold (n.?) of→hold (v.) etc.
T:We should pay attention to that.After class,have a discussion in groups and try to write down as many as you can.The third method of word formation is Compounding,which is a process by which two independent words are put together to make one word.Words which are formed by this method are called compounds.Some of them are connected with a hyphen.Some are written in one word and some are still separate,such as blackboard;man-made;up-to-date;warm-hearted;post office;writing desk etc.There are a lot in every page.I mean,they are common,aren’t they
Ss:Yes,they are.
T:The last method is Derivation.That is to say,we add an affix,a prefix or a suffix to a root.Generally speaking,when a prefix is added to a word,it will change a word in meaning but it will not change its part of speech.Some suffixes,when added to words,can change their parts of speech and a few their meanings and parts of speech.Who can shows us which suffixes can cause to form nouns,verbs,adjectives or adverbs
S12:Suffixes which can transform some words into nouns when added are:-er; -or;-ess; -ion; -ship;-ure;-ty;-ance;-hood etc.
S13:The suffixes -ful;-less;-able;-al;-y;-like;-en;-ed etc. can transform one word into an adjective.
S14:The suffixes such as -ize;-en;-ify can transform some words into verbs.
S15:The suffixes -ly;-ward;-wise can transform some words into adverbs.
T:What about “-teen;-ty;-th”
S16:They can help form some numerals.
T:Well done!I hope all the others can remembers as much as they do.
Step Ⅳ Practice 练习
T:(Show the following on the screen.)Now look at the screen.Let’s do practice.Pair work or group work.Later,we’ll check the answers.
Try to guess the meaning of each word.
1.misapply 2.disability
3.interconnect 4.international
5.transplant 6.subnormal
7.substandard 8.extraordinary
9.intermarry 10.biochemistry
11.teleprinter 12.supertanker
Suggested answers:
1.误用；滥用
2.无能力
3.互相联系；互相连接
4.国际间的
5.移植
6.低于正常的
7.低于标准的；不够标准的
8.不平常的；非常的
9.通婚
10.生物化学
11.电传打字机
12.超级油轮
Step Ⅴ Test 测试
T:Now let’s have a test.(Show the following on the screen.)Please write your answers on a piece of paper.A few minutes later,we’ll check the answers.
Can you tell us the meaning of the underlined word in each sentence Try to guess them.
1.The hall can seat a thousand people.
2.The train slowed down.
3.They helped us bridge over the difficulties.
4.We must better the life of the people.
5.His holiday was ruined by a series of misadventures.
6.There is often subzero temperature in winter here.
7.I disbelieve every word Tom says.
8.He is extra-thin.
9.The article has a subtitle.
Suggested answers:
1.坐 2.慢了下来
2.度过 4.改善
5.不幸事件 6.零度以下
7.不相信 8.相当瘦
9.小标题
Step Ⅵ Summary and Homework 小结/作业
T:In this class we’ve reviewed the four methods of word formation and some useful affixes…(Teacher writes all of these on the blackboard.)To master some knowledge of word formation is very important.It can not only help to improve our ability to read English articles but also help us remember new words.I say,it is a useful tool in helping us study English.Let’s work hard at it.Today’s homework:Collect as many prefixes as you can and divide them into groups according to their meanings.So much for this class.Good-bye!
Ss:Good-bye!
PAGE
2
Ⅰ.Brief Statements Based on the Unit
Science fiction is often about things we believe may be possible in the far future.It is fantasy based on science facts.The famous French writer Jules Verne,the father of science fiction,wrote many famous books,such as 20 000 Leagues Under the Sea,Journey to the Centre of the Earth,etc.This unit mainly deals with Jules Verne and his two famous science fictions,and the story of Dr Frankenstein.By learning this unit,we not only want the students to learn about science fiction,but also want to stimulate the students’ interest in science.Of course,it is necessary for the students to master the useful phrases and expressions in this unit.Meanwhile,we also learn about some word formation.
Ⅲ.Background Information
1.The 10 Greatest Science-Fiction Movies Ever Made
2001 A Space Odyssey (2001 太空漫游)（1968）.The movie tells the story of a crew of people going on a dangerous mission in space,but soon their highly intelligent computer becomes a treat to them.
Alien(异形)(1979).The story is about a team of people going to a strange planet to do scientific research,but soon they find themselves surrounded by terrible aliens(外星人).
Back To The Future(回到未来)(1985).The movie is about a time machine invented by a crazy scientist.A boy goes back in time to change the present,and on the journey,he faces all sorts of exciting adventures.
Blade Runner(银翼杀手)(1982).?Blade Runner? deals with the relationship between men and robots.The story is set in the future,where highly intelligent robots do most of the physical work for us.A cop(巡捕) goes on a mission to get rid of a few bad robots,but as the story develops,he finds out more than he expected.
E.T.(ET外星人)(1982).A great scientific movie that is suitable for both child and adult audiences.When an alien spaceship crash-lands on Earth,a young alien gets lost.Through the help of a kind boy on Earth,E.T.(extra-temestrial) successfully goes back home in the end.
Jurassic Park(侏罗纪公园)(1993).This movie is not just an excellent scientific movie,it is also a milestone(里程碑) in the history of movie making!I guess the story is already well-known…
Planet Of The Apes(人猿星球)(1968).This movie has the greatest ending in all scientific movies.After an astronaut wakes up in his spaceship,he lands on a strange planet.The whole planet is ruled by apes that keep humans as slaves.After fighting against the apes he escapes at last,but in the end he finds an unbelievable truth.
Star Wars(星球大战)(1977).Set in an imaginary(虚拟的) universe,the movie tells the classic story of good against evil.Already five Star Wars movies have been released,and the last movie of the series will be released in the summer of 2005.
Terminator 2:Judgment Day (终结者2)(1991).The story is about a terminator being brought back in time to kill John Conner,who will be the leader of mankind in the future.
The Matrix(黑客帝国)(1999).In the future,humans are energy(能量) sources for machines.People lie in big glass boxes and dream of a world just like we now live in.But some people have found out the truth and they want to fight the machines and free mankind.
2.Around the World in 80 Days
This version of the classic novel set in 1872 focuses on Passepartout,a Chinese thief who steals a valuable jade Buddha and then seeks refuge in the traveling companionship of Phileas Fogg.An eccentric London inventor,Fogg has come up with the secrets to flight,electricity,and even roller-blades,but the world has dismissed him as a crackpot.Desperate to be taken seriously,Fogg makes an outlandish bet with Lord Kelvin,the head of the Royal Academy of Science:to circumnavigate the globe in no more than 80 days!Joining them is Monique(De France),a young French artist who decides that a trip around the world would provide new inspiration.Along the way,Passepartout uses his amazing martial arts abilities to defend Fogg from the many dangers they face.
One major threat to their adventure is a detective that’s following them.Why Just as Fogg and Passeportout left London,a major bank was robbed,with Fogg suspected of using the “around the world” trip as an excuse to escape.
Their incredible adventure spans many colorful and exotic lands from London to Paris,Turkey,India,China,a burgeoning United States,and more.Along the way,the group encounters an eclectric assortment of characters including Queen Victoria,a Scotland Yard Sergeant(Cleese),a hot air balloon engineer(Branson),a Turkish Prince(Schwarzeneggar),an eccentric inventor(Schneider),the Wright Brothers(Owen and Luke Wilson),and many other international star cameos.
Unit 12 Fact and fantasy
The First Period
Teaching Procedures: 教学步骤
Step Ⅰ Greetings 问候
Greet the whole class as usual.
Step Ⅱ Free-talk and Lead-in 自由交谈/引入
T:Do you like reading novels
Ss:Yes.
T:What kind of novel do you like best
S1:I like reading detective novels.
T:Why do you like novels of this kind
S1:Because this kind of novel is full of suspension and the end of it is often surprising.
T:Very good.Does anyone have a different opinion
S2:I enjoy reading about science fiction.
T:Tell us why,please.
S2:Science fiction is often about the things that may be possible in the far future.It can help us develop our minds and imagination.
T:A good job.Sit down,please.Today we’re going to talk about science fiction.
(Bb:Unit 12 Fact and fantasy The First Period)
Step Ⅲ Warming up 热身
T:First,let’s look at some new words.
(The multimedia shows the new words in this period.)
New words:
fantasy.?Jules Verne league distance balloon .? bulb fiction
(Teacher teaches the words and explains them,and then says the following.)
T:OK.Now,look at the covers of the two books written by Jules Verne.(The multimedia shows the two books.)
T:Have you read them
(Some say “Yes”,while some say “No”.Teacher asks two students who say “Yes” to stand up and say something they know about the books.)
S3:I have read the book “20 000 Leagues under the sea”.It mainly tells us a story in which Dr Aronnax,his servant and a Canadian whale hunter were kept as prisoners by Captain Nemo and then went on a voyage across the oceans by the Nautilus.
S4:The book “Journey to the Centre of the Earth” describes what two men experienced after entering the centre of the earth through a chimney in an extinct volcano,which lies in Ireland.
T:You’re wonderful!Have you read any of his books besides these two books What are they about
S5:I have heard of his book “Around the World in 80 Days”,but I haven’t read it.So I don’t know what it is about.
T:It doesn’t matter.If you’re interested in it,you can go to the library or surf the Internet to read it after class.Jules Verne lived between 1828 and 1905,so there were many scientific facts that he didn’t know or guess.Do you know the following facts Now,let’s have a quiz to see if you know any better.
(Teacher uses the multimedia to show the following.)
1.What is the highest mountain on earth and how high it is (2 points)
2.What is the deepest point in the ocean and where is it (2 points)
3.Which is the longest river on earth and how long is it (2 points)
4.What is the distance from the earth to the moon What is it to Mars What is it to the nearest star (6 points)
5.How far is it to the centre of the earth (2 points)
6.How high are the temperatures near the centre of the earth (2 points)
7.What is the longest distance around the world (2 points)
8.How fast does a balloon travel How about an aeroplane How about a space shuttle
T:Now,I’ll give you five minutes to write your answers on a piece of paper.After a while,you can check your answers with the screen and tell me how many points you get.(Five minutes later)Time is up.Have you finished
Ss:Yes.
T:Now check your answers.
(Show the answers on the screen.)
Suggested answers:
1.Mount Qomolangma;8848.13 m
2.Mariana Trench;in the west of the Pacific
3.the Nile River;6 600 kilometres
4.380 000 kilometres;more than 56 000 000 kilometres
5.150 000 000 kilometres
6.7 500 K
7.40 000 kilometres
8.about 30~40 kilometres per hour;
about 500 kilometres per hour;
about 7.4~11.2 kilometres per second
T:Have you got your total score
Ss:Yes.
T:OK.S6,tell me your total score.
S6:I’ve got 20 points.
T:Congratulations!You really know better about the facts.What about you,S7
S7:My score is 15.
T:Good.You know a lot about them.S8s,how many points have you got
S8:I’m sorry.I only got 7 points.
T:It doesn’t matter.You do not seem to be interested in science.Everyone has his own hobby.
Step Ⅳ Listening 听力
T:So much for Warming up.Now,let’s do some listening.Look at the listening part on Page 9.Listen to the tape and write down where,when and what Sam and Betty saw.Then according to the description you hear on the tape,make a sketch of the animal.Are you clear about that
Ss:Yes.
T:Now,let’s listen to the tape carefully and finish the task.
(Teacher plays the tape for the students to listen.Then give the students a few minutes to fill in the chart and make a sketch of the animal as they saw.When they finish,teacher checks their answers and picks out one sketch of the animal drawn vividly by them as an example.)
T:OK.Let’s go on with the listening practice.Listen to the tape again and then finish Exercise 2.Before listening to the tape,you need to go through the questions and know what to do.(After a little while.)Are you ready
Ss:Yes.
(Teacher begins to play the tape for the second time.During this time,teacher may pause for the students to write down the answers to the questions.At last,check the answers with the whole class.)
T:Now,write down five possible questions that other people may later ask Sam,Betty and Karen.First discuss in pairs and then write down your answers when you’ve finished.Exchange your questions with other groups.
(Students do as the teacher says.)
Step Ⅴ Speaking 对话
T:As we know,science fiction is often about things we believe may be possible in the far future,maybe a hundred years later.For example,space travel may be possible in the near future.Because Yang Liwei went on a 17-hour travel to space by Shenzhou Ⅴ spaceship last year.But sometimes people doubt whether science fiction may come true.Do you agree with me
Ss:Yes.
T:Now,open your books and turn to Page 10.Let’s look at the Speaking part.There are four dialogues about such topics,which are incomplete.Work in pairs to creat dialogues.When you’re making the dialogue,you can use the expressions on the blackboard.
(Teacher writes the following on the blackboard.)
I believe…
I suppose…
I doubt…
I’m sure that…
I’m(not) certain…
I can’t imagine…
It could be…but…
It’s likely…
It would like…
T:Now,look at the blackboard.The useful expressions are used to express beliefs and doubts.They’re helpful for you to creat the dialogues.I’ll give you a few minutes to do them.After a while,I will ask some groups to act out your dialogues.Each group should choose a topic you’re interested in.Is that clear
Ss:Yes.
T:OK.You can begin.
(Teacher goes among the students while they’re making their dialogues.It necessary,teacher may give them some advice.)
T:(A few minutes later)Are you ready
Ss:Yes.
T:OK.Which group would like to act out your dialogue
(Two students stand up and act out their dialogue before the class.)
T:Thank you for your good performance.Please go back to your seats.Which group has made a different dialogue
(Another two students stand up and their topic is about life in 3098.)
(Teacher at least asks four groups to act out their dialogues before the class,and their topics should be different from each other’s.)
Step Ⅵ Practice and Consolidation 练习
T:Can you talk more about what you believe may come true in the future For example,you can imagine Chinese astronauts land on the moon successfully in 2015,and you are one of them.Standing on the moon,what will you say to the people on the earth Who can try
S9:What I want to tell people is that I now stand on the Changjiang plain of the moon.As the gravity of the moon is only one sixth of that on the earth,walking on the moon becomes very difficult,but it is very interesting just like slow motions on the earth.
T:Wonderful!Anything else
S10:The moon is the only satellite of the earth.It is a common wish for us to develop and make use of it peacefully.We Chinese people should make contributions to it.
T:Yes.I really hope that one of you will realize the dream.Then I’ll be proud of you.
Step Ⅶ Summary and Homework 小结/作业
T:In this class,we’ve talked about science fiction and done some listening and speaking practice.When talking about science fiction,we have done a science quiz to help us learn more about some scientific facts.In the speaking part,we’ve learnt to express our beliefs and doubts freely by making dialogues.Besides,we have also talked about an imaginative dream in the practice part.After class,according to what you’ve said in class,make a dialogue using the useful expressions on the blackboard.At last,don’t forget to prepare for the next period.That’s all for today.See you tomorrow.
Ss:See you tomorrow.
Unit 12 Fact and fantasy
The Second Period
Teaching Procedures: 教学步骤
Step Ⅰ Greetings and Revision 复习
Greet the whole class as usual.
T:In the last period,we learnt some useful expressions used to express beliefs and doubts.Now,I’ll check your homework to see whether you can use them freely.Who’d like to act out your dialogue
(Two students stand up and act out their dialogue.)
Step Ⅱ Lead-in and Pre-reading 引入
T:Thank you for your good performance.Yesterday we talked about science fiction and also had a scientific test.By doing the exercises,we learnt some scientific facts.Today,let’s continue to learn more about scientific facts.Look at the pictures on the screen.
(Show the following pictures on the multimedia. See TB prereading)
T:Here are three great inventions.Who can say when the inventions in the pictures were made
S1:Electric railway was invented in the early years of the 20th century.
S2:Thomas Edison invented the light bulb in 1879.
S3:Steam-powered boat was made in 1807.
T:You’re quite right.Now,look at the screen,please.
(Teacher shows the following on the screen.)
1.When was electricity discovered
2.How was it used in the following two hundred years
3.In the early 19th century,people had no idea what the inside of the earth might look like.Can you explain what we know about it today
T:Work in groups of four to discuss the questions.Choose one of you to act as the leader of your group.Record the results of your discussion.A few minutes later,I’ll ask your leader to report your result.Are you clear about that
Ss:Yes.
T:OK.You can begin.
(During the discussion,teacher goes among the students and joins them in the discussion.)
T:(A few minutes later)Are you ready
Ss:Yes.
T:OK.Let’s look at the first question.Who’d like to answer it
S4:Electricity was discovered in 1600 by Gilbert.
T:Very good!The second question,who can try
S5:After electricity was discovered,people began to use it to serve people in many fields.Take industry for example,people use it to control machines and produce a great number of products,such as cars,planes,weapons,etc.
S6:Electricity is also used in agriculture.With electricity people can control the temperature and humidity to make vegetables grow better.
S7:In our daily life,electricity is very useful.For example,watching TV needs electricity, playing computers needs electricity,heaters need electricity,and even our watches need electricity. So,without electricity,our life would be a mess.
T:What you said is quite right.Indeed,electricity is very important to us.It is used widely in every field.The last question.Who can explain it
S8:The earth on which we live is a big ball of very hot rock,which consists of three parts:the earth’s crust,the earth’s mantle and the earth’s core.The temperature inside is very high.It’s hot inside but cold outside.It has a shell just like an egg.There are some cracks in the shell of the earth in some places.Hot water shoots into the air through those cracks and steam comes up from pools of hot water.
T:Well done!You do well in geography,indeed.
Step Ⅲ Reading 阅读
T:Yesterday,we talked about a famous writer,who is known for science fiction.Who is he
Ss:Jules Verne.
T:Good.Do you remember the books written by him and talked about by us in the last period
Ss:Yes.(Students say out the titles of the books together.)
T:Very good.Open your books and turn to Page 12.Let’s look at the reading passage.Before you read it,write down eight key words that you expect to find in the reading passage.Is that clear
Ss:Yes.
(Students begin to write eight key words.After they finish,teacher says the following.)
T:Now,read the passage quickly to check whether the words you’ve written are all in the passage.
(Students begin to read the passage and then check their words.As answers are various,teacher may just check two or three students individually.)
T:Well,re-read the passage carefully to further understand it.Then answer the questions on the screen.
(Show the following on the multimedia.)
1.To make a living,what did Jules Verne have to do
2.What will many of the instruments in his novels remind the readers of
3.How did Verne lay the foundation of modern science fiction
4.In his novel “20 000 Leagues Under the Sea”,what kind of person is Captain Nemo
5.How does the story “Journey to the Centre of the Earth” begin and end up
(A few minutes later,teacher asks some of them to answer the questions one by one.)
Suggested answers:
1.To make a living,Jules Verne had to write and sell stories.
2.They will remind the readers of Dr Benjamin Franklin’s experiment with electricity.
3.By taking the scientific developments of his day one step further.
4.He is someone you will neither like nor dislike.He is very cruel because he keeps Aronnax and others as prisoners and destroys ships.But at other moments,he is gentle and weak because he cries about the lost lives of people drowned in ships that have sunk.
5.The story begins with the discovery of an ancient document and ends up with them being shot out of a volcano in southern Italy with ever increasing speed and temperature.
Step Ⅳ Language Points 语言点
T:Now,you’re familiar with the passage.But I think the following on the screen should also be paid attention to.
(Show the following on the multimedia.)
1.make a living(=earn one’s living)
e.g.She made a living by singing in a nightclub.
2.lay the foundation of
e.g.Four-year college life laid solid foundations of his career.
3.come true
e.g.The boy’s wish to become a PLA man has come true.
4.set out
e.g.They set out to look for the lost child.
5.turn out(to be)+adj./n.
e.g.The weather man said it was going to rain this afternoon but it turned out to be very lovely.
To everyone’s surprise,the fashionable girl turned out to be a thief.
6.defend…against/from
e.g.We should defend our country against attacks.
7.be dressed in
e.g.The girl was always dressed in red.
Dressed in uniform,he looks handsome.
(Bb:make a living,lay the foundation of,come true,set out,turn out(to be)+adj./n.,defend…from/against…,be dressed in)
Step Ⅴ Post-reading 读后练习
T:Now,read the passage again.Then finish Exercise 2 in Post-reading on Page 13.
(After a while,teacher checks their answers with the whole class.)
Suggested answers:
2.During the time they do all they can to continue to live…
3.They realize that they come to the surface of the monster
4.his long-term guests
T:Well.Now,please look at Exercise 4.In Jules Verne’s times,the knowledge about the earth was very limited,and many scientific facts couldn’t be explained by people.But Jules Verne contained a lot of knowledge about the earth in his novel.Where do you think he might have got his ideas from You can use all the knowledge you have learnt to explain the questions.Work in groups of four to have a discussion.
(After a while,teacher checks their answers.Students may have various answers.)
T:OK.Let’s go on with the exercises in Post-reading.Under water travel and space travel have many things in common.Do you know the differences and similarities between them Work in groups of four to finish the chart of Exercise 3.
Suggested answers:
Differences SUBMARINE SPACESHIP
Speed slow fast
Landscape under water landscape space landscape
Number for people a lot of people a few people
Food common food special space food
Clothes diving suits space suits
Similarities Demand for skills is high.They’re both exciting.Tourists must be trained by experts.They’re expensive.
T:Well done!If you were going to climb down into a very deep cave,which tools and things would you bring What would be the most important dangers and things that could happen Work in groups of five to discuss the questions and then finish the chart in Exercise 5.Is that clear
Ss:Yes.
T:OK.You can begin.
(Teacher gives them a few minutes.Teacher joins them in the discussion and gives some advice if necessary.)
Preparation:Tools and things to bring Risks:Dangerous and things that could happen
food,water,warm clothes,ropes,matches,a knife, a chisel,some medicines losing one’s way falling into a hole being injuried
Step Ⅵ Summary and Homework 小结/作业
T:In this period,we’ve read a passage about Jules Verne.By reading,we’ve learnt more about Jules Verne and his two novels.We’ve also learnt some useful expressions and done some concerned exercises.After class,try to make more sentences using them to master them better.Besides,read the passage over and over and prepare for retelling it.At last,preview the third period—Language Study.Class is over.
Unit 12 Fact and fantasy
The Third Period
Teaching Procedures: 教学步骤
Step Ⅰ Greetings 问候
Greet the whole class as usual.
Step Ⅱ Revision 复习
T:In the last period we learnt a passage about a French famous writer Jules Verne.Now,who’d like to retell the text
(One student stands up and retells the text in his own words.)
T:Very good.It seems that you’ve read the passage again and again.
Step Ⅲ Word Study 单词
T:In the last period,we learnt some new words.Now,let’s review them.Take a piece of paper and write down the words and phrases when I read them in Chinese.Are you ready
Ss:Yes.
T:OK.Let’s begin.
(Teacher says the following words in Chinese and students write them down in English:collision,permanent,voyage,escape,on board,fiction,fantasy)
T:If you’ve written them down,make a short sentence using every word.After a while,I’ll ask some of you to read out your sentences.(A few minutes later)Have you finished
Ss:Yes.
T:OK.Who’d like to make a sentence using the first word “collision”
S1:The plane crashed after a collision with a tall building,killing all the passengers on board.
T:Very good.Next word “permanent”.Who will try
S2:Love is a permanent topic for us all.
S3:Next month,he is going to go on a voyage across the English Channel.
S4:A thief robbed the young lady of her handbag and escaped.
S5:All passengers on board are not from the same country.
S6:He is fond of science fiction.
S7:Not all fantasy can be realized in the future.
T:Well done.Your sentences are very good.Now,please turn to Page 14 and finish the exercises in Word Study.First do it by yourself.Then check your answers in pairs.Finally I’ll check your answers.
Suggested answers:
1.fantasy 2.voyage
3.collision 4.on board
5.voyage 6.collision
7.on board 8.escape
9.fantasy 10.permanent
Step Ⅳ Word Formation 语法/构词法
T:As we know,learning the rules of word formation is one of the ways to enlarge our vocabulary.We can guess the meanings of the words using them without looking them up in the dictionary.Please look at the screen.
(Teacher shows the following on the screen.)
rewrite,unhappy,disappear,impossible,invisible,non-smoker,supermarket,worker,illness,movement,useful,action,cooperate,cloudy,musical
T:What do the words mean Explain how you guess them.Who’d like to do the first one
S8:“Rewrite” means “write again”,because the prefix “re-” expresses “again”.Am I right
T:Right.Very good.
S9:“Unhappy”“disappear” “impossible” “invisible” and “non-smoker” mean in turn “not happy” “not appear” “not possible” “not visible” and “people who don’t smoke”.Because the prefixes “un-” “dis-” “im-” “in-” and “non-” all mean “not” and form the negative meanings of them.
T:A good job!Let’s go on.
S10:“Supermarket” is made up of two parts:“super” and “market”.Market is a place where all kinds of things are sold,and “super” means “more than usual”.So “supermarket” means “超市” in Chinese.
T:You’re right.Can you give some other examples
S10:Yes.For example,superman,superstar.
T:Very good.Now,who knows the meaning of the word “cooperate”
S11:“Cooperate” is to say “work together”.Because “co-” means “together” or “with”.
T:Do you agree with him/her
Ss:Yes.
T:That’s right.Do you know the meanings of the rest words
Ss:Yes.
(Students begin to say the meanings of them together.Then teacher asks one of them to explain them.)
T:Wang Lin,tell me how you guess them.
S12:These words have something in common.Their basic meanings don’t change,and changes for them are just their parts of speech.For example “worker” is formed by adding “er” after “work”.It means “people who work”.So if we add “er” to a verb,a noun is formed.If we add “-ness” to an adjective,a noun is formed.After a verb,we can add “-tion” to form a noun,while after a noun,we need to add “-ful” “-al” or “-y” to form an adjective.Is that so
T:Quite right.In this class,we’ll go on with some rules of word formation.
(Teacher uses the multimedia to show the following.)
mis-=wrong
extra-=outside
inter-=between
sub-=under
under-=below
over-=too much
dis-=not
-marine=sea
T:Please look at the screen.Study the meanings of these stems and affixes in pairs and then try to give some examples with the stems and affixes.(A few minutes later)Are you ready (Ss:Yes.)Now,I’ll ask some students to read out the words they’ve written.Any volunteer
S13:Misconduct, extraordinary, international, subsoil,underground, overcharge, disagree, submarine.
(Teacher writes these words on the blackboard.)
T:Terrific!Do you understand the meaning of each word on the blackboard
(Not all the students understand them.)
T:S13,can you explain them
S13:“Misconduct” means “improper behaviour”.“Extraordinary” means “beyond what is usual or ordinary”.“International” is to say “between nations”.“Subsoil” is to say “layer of soil that lies beneath the surface layer”.“Underground” means “under the surface of the ground”.“Overcharge” means “charge(sb.) too high a price”.“Disagree” means “not agree”.“Submarine” means “a ship that can travel below the surface of the sea”.
T:Is that clear (Ss:Yes.)Now,let’s do an exercise.Open your books and turn to Page 12.Look at Word Study,Exercise 1.Match the words and the correct definitions.I’ll give you two minutes to do it,and then I’ll check your answers.
Suggested answers:
1.E 2.F 3.B 4.C 5.D 6.A
T:You’re right.Now,let’s go on with Exercise 2.Guess the meanings of the words in italics,using context clues and what you know about word parts,and then translate each sentence into Chinese.First do it by yourself,and then check your answers with your partner.Finally,I’ll ask some of you to finish the exercise.Do you understand
Ss:Yes.
T:(A few minutes later)Have you finished
Ss:Yes.
T:Well.Who’d like to do the first one
S14:The word in italics “misbehave” means “behave improperly or wrongly”.Its Chinese meaning is “行为不端”.The whole sentence means “妈妈告诉我在祖母家不要行为不端/不懂规矩”.
T:Quite right.The second one.Who can try
S15:The word “subtitle” is formed by adding the suffix “sub-” before the word “title”.“Sub-” means “under”,so “subtitle” means “小标题；译文对白字幕” in Chinese.The Chinese meaning of the whole sentences is “荧屏底端的中文对白字幕帮助我们理解外国 影片”.
S16:误解，曲解。
不要误解我，我只不过是想帮你。
S17:互换的。
在许多情况下，单词“fiction”和“novel”可互换。
S18:地铁。
人们喜欢乘坐地铁，因为它比公共汽车快，又比出租车便宜。
S19:超时。
他看上去非常疲倦，因为整个礼拜都在超时工作。
S20：衬裤。
如果你穿着衬裤在公共场合走，人们将会认为你疯了。
Step Ⅴ Consolidation 巩固练习
T:Look at the screen,please.(Teacher shows the following on the screen.)
Add a proper affix to each of the following words to form another word.
1.______curricular
2.______ dependent
3.______patient
4.______stop
5.______judge
6.______tired
7.______heading
8.______clothing
9.______advantage
Suggested answers:
1.extra- 2.in-
3.im- 4.non-
5.mis- 6.over-
7.sub- 8.under-
9.dis-
Step Ⅵ Summary and Homework 小结/作业
T:In this class,we’ve reviewed some new words appearing in the unit by doing exercises.We’ve also learnt some rules of word formation.By doing so,we can guess the meanings of some words without looking them up in the dictionary.After class,learn the affixes on the blackboard by heart,and look for some reading materials to try guessing the meanings of new words.Besides,don’t forget to prepare for the next period.Time is up.That’s all for today.See you next time.
Ss:See you next time.
Unit 12 Fact and fantasy
The Fourth Period
Teaching Procedures: 教学步骤
Step Ⅰ Greetings 问候
Greet the whole class as usual.
Step Ⅱ Revision 复习
T:In the last period,we’ve learned some rules of word formation.Do you think knowledge of word formation can help us learn new words Why
S1:Yes.Because many English words are formed by adding affixes.So long as you know the meanings of some affixes,and word parts,you will guess the meanings of some new words without looking them up in a dictionary.
T:Quite right.Sit down,please.Now,let’s do an exercise to consolidate it.Please look at the screen,and then fill in the blanks.
(Teacher shows the following on the screen.)
1.submarine=______+______
2.disappear=______+______
3.overturn=______+______
4.Internet=______+______
5.underwater=______+______
6.prisoner=______+______
(After a while,teacher asks one student to do the exercise.Then teacher shows the answers on the screen.)
T:Good.Tell me the Chinese meaning of each word,and point out what the suffixes mean.
Suggested answers:
1.潜水艇 sub+marine sub-=under
2.消失 dis+appear dis-=not
3.打翻 over+turn over-=too much
4.因特网 Inter+net inter-=between
5.在水下的 under+water under-=below
6.囚犯 prison+er -er=person who carries out the action of the verb
Step Ⅲ Reading 阅读
T:In the last two periods,we have learnt much about science fiction and known more about Jules Verne,the father of science fiction,who wrote many famous science fiction,such as 20 000 Leagues Under the Sea,Around the World in 80 Days,Journey to the Centre of the World…He combined fact with fantasy cleverly.Now,we’re going to read another passage about science fiction,whose title is the Story of Dr Frankenstein.Open your books and turn to Page 15.Read the passage quickly and then answer some questions on the screen.
(Show the following on the screen.)
1.What did Dr Frankenstein want to do when he was young
2.After he was sent to university,what did he think of the things taught at university
3.What attracted his attention
4.Did he discover the cause of life
5.Although he knew how to creat life,what remained a difficult work for him
6.Why did he decide to creat a larger human being than man about eight feet in height
(Teacher gives them five minutes to read them.After that,check their answers.)
Suggested answers:
1.He wanted to learn the secrets of heaven and earth when he was young.
2.He found all that was taught at university very disappointing and decided to pioneer a new way himself.
3.The structure of the human body and any animal that was alive attracted his attention.
4.Yes.
5.How to prepare a body for it with all its muscles and organs still remained a difficult job for him.
6.Because the small size of the parts slowed down his speed.
T:Well done!Have you any problem in understanding the passage If any,please ask me.
S4:I don’t know how to translate the sentence “My father was so…a map” into Chinese,and why he said he had to look for a road without having a map.
T:A good question.The sentence can be translated into Chinese “我的父亲没有什么科学头脑，所以我不得不在没有指导的情况下自己摸索”.Dr Frankenstein used a metaphor in the so-clause.He compared the road without any instructions to that without having a map in order to show he had to work hard to find a way to science by himself.Are you clear about it
S4:Yes.Thank you.
T:Any other questions
S5:In the second paragraph,what does “throw light on” mean Could you make a sentence with it
T:Who’d like to answer his/her question and make a sentence with it
S6:I’d like to.The Chinese meaning of the phrase is “使某事显得非常清楚”.The preposition “on” can be replaced by “upon” here.For example,the modern scientific development has thrown light upon the mysterious.
(Teacher writes the phrase and the sentence made by S6 on the blackboard.)
T:A good job.Thank you.S5,are you clear about it
S5:Yes.
(Another student stands up to raise another question.)
S7:I don’t understand the structure:While unfinished,he was ugly…
T:The sentence “while unfinished” is equal to “while he was unfinished”.The reason why “he” and “was” can be omitted is that the subject in the while-clause and that in the main sentence are the same,and the while-clause contains a “be” verb,so in this case,the subject and “be” both can be omitted.The conjunction like this includes:when,if,although,once,…Do you understand
S7:Yes.Could you please make a sentence with the structure
T:Who can try
S8:When asked what had happened,he told us everything about it.Am I right
T:Quite right.Thank you.S7,are you clear
S7:Yes.Thank you very much.
T:In the reading passage,there are many important phrases.Now,I’ll read them out.You need to find them out and underline them.OK
Ss:OK.
(Teacher reads out the following phrases and writes them on the blackboard:throw light on,attract sb.’s attention,dream of,slow down,cut up,burn out,as white as snow)
T:Now,let’s do an exercise.(Teacher shows the following on the screen.)
1.The boy ______ becoming a pilot.
2.______ before you reach the crossroads.
3.He shouted to ______.
4.The fire ______.
5.Can you ______ the problem
6.He ______ meat with a sharp knife.
7.Her skin is ______.
T:Fill in the blanks using the proper phrases on the blackboard.
Suggested answers:
1.dreams of
2.Slow down
3.draw people’s attention
4.burn not
5.throw any light on
6.cut up
7.as white as snow
Step Ⅳ Listening and Reading Aloud 听力/阅读
T:Now,let’s listen to the tape.First listen and repeat.Then read the passage aloud by yourselves.Pay attention to your pronunciation.
(Teacher plays the tape for the students to listen and follow.Then give them a few minutes to read.After that,ask some students to read the passage and correct the mistakes in pronunciation.)
Step Ⅴ Designing and Writing 写作
T:We have read a passage about Dr Frankenstein,which tells us how Dr Frankenstein created a human being like us.In fact,one of man’s greatest dreams has always been to creat life,especially a life form that looks like us:to creat a man.Now,look at the screen.Please discuss them in groups of four.
(Teacher shows the following on the multimedia.)
1.How does your doctor creat a life form that looks like a human being
2.Describe your doctor’s efforts to do that.
3.Creat a word web of nouns,verbs and adjectives for the story.Add all the words you need.
(Teacher goes among the students to help them finish the word web.)
Suggested answers:
1.My doctor uses high technological skills to creat a life form that looks like a human being,who has the advantages of human beings and animals,and at the same time has the features of advanced computers.It is a superman.
2.My doctor takes the following steps to creat the human:
First,choose the cells of human body and fur and features of animals as materials.
Second,use the test tube and medicine to cultivate cells in the lab.
Third,on the one hand,arm the man-made human with culture and thought;on the other hand,put the machine which has the functions of storage,code,language…in the body of him.
Fourth,a superman is born.
3.
T:OK.Your imagination is very good.Now,write a short story about how your doctor would creat a human being according to what you’ve discussed.Before writing,read the tips for writing on Page 16.They will give you some help.
(The teacher gives the students enough time to finish the task and asks some of them to read their creative writing to the whole class.)
One possible version:
Hard Course
My mysterious doctor,Mike Chan,owed his great success of creating Robot to a ridiculous dream.An idea suddenly struck him when he was sleeping.
He began to collect the bones from graves at night.It was hororable but he didn’t stop.Even trapped by the stain land,he still went on and on.“I’ll never give up,”he thought.Days going by,it was a long way to make his dream come true.Besides,his friend John said,“Stupid Mike,you’ll never finish it!God blesses you!…”
Hearing these words,Mike went a further step instead of being angry.He continued to do his job,such as cutting up bodies and analysing the structure of each organ carefully.But this was far away from the complete analysis in detail.He had no choice but to get dead animals consisting of rabbits,birds and monkeys from the butcher’s.
At the same time,he went to the hospital to get test tubes,chemical medicines to keep the materials fresh.It took him nearly one month to prepare.
Rome is not built in one day.He went on with his research.He put these useful cells into the test tubes and observed them every day.Then he stored the information into a mini-computer.What he must do next was to make clear of the structure of fur,feathers of birds.He did the research in the same way.After two months,he solved the code of the order on Gene DNA.This was a markable stone.“I’ll never give up,”he thought.
Everything went well,but how to make the unfinished Robot speak With the help of the language function of computer,he achieved the success at last!A superman Robot was born!
Step Ⅵ Summary and Homework 小结/作业
T:In this class,we’ve reviewed some rules of word formation by doing an exercise.We’ve also read a passage about the story of Dr Frankenstein and learnt to write a creative description.After class,go over all the contents in this unit,especially the important points.If you haven’t finished your writing,go on with it.OK.So much for today.Class is over.
Unit 12 Fact and fantasy
The Fifth Period
Word Formation
Teaching Procedures: 教学步骤
Step Ⅰ Greetings and Revision 复习
Greet the whole class as usual.
(Teacher asks one of the students to read his homework and then asks some other students to check it.Then teacher discusses some of the answers with the students and corrects the mistakes the students made in their homework if there are any.At the same time teacher gives some explanation if necessary.)
Step Ⅱ Lead-in and Discussion 引入
T:(Teacher shows the following on the screen.)Let’s do an exercise now.Look at the sentences on the screen.Please fill in the blank of each sentence with a suitable word according to the word given in the bracket.
Complete the following sentences:
1.These gold rings are ______ while those glass ones are ______(value).
2.We all like the report given by the famous scientist yesterday.It is ______(encourage).
3.Mary’s daughter is old enough to ______ and ______ herself.(dress)
4.We were on duty yesterday.But after school we couldn’t find Jack.Tom said that he was ______(self) and must go home.
5.______(self) is a virtue of the Chinese people.
6.He lost his keys.He is ______.I’m sure he will be ______ with everything from now on.(care)
7.At the beginning the Blacks in the US had no right to vote.It was ______(fair).
8.That plan was a waste of money.We ______(agree) with it.
(Teacher goes into the students and has a discussion with them.After a few minutes.)
T:Have you finished (Ss:Yes.)Now give us your answers please.Volunteer!One student,one answer.
S1:In the first sentence,we should fill “valuable and valueless” in the blanks according to the meaning of the sentence.Am I right
Ss:Yes,you are right.
S2:The second answer is “encouraging”,I think.
S3:I’ll try the third sentence.I think “dress” and “undress” should be filled in.
S4:The fourth.It is the word “selfishness” that is suitable for this sentence.Am I right
S5:I can’t agree with you.Here an adjective is needed.“Selfish” is right in this sentence,I believe.
T:Which is right,S4or S5
S6:I think S5 is right.A word ending with “-ness” is a noun,not an adjective.
T:Is he right
Ss:Yes,he is right.
T:Please go on!
…
Suggested answers:
5.Unselfishness
6.careless;careful
7.unfair
8.disagreed
Step Ⅲ Further Discussion 讨论
T:Do you like the exercise (Ss:Yes.)Just now we reviewed a method of word formation.I’m glad you like it.There are four methods of word formation.The first is Clipping or Shortening.For example,telephone→phone;examination→exam;refrigerator→fridge;television→TV;the Chinese Communist Party→CCP etc.Who can give us some other examples
S7:aeroplane→plane;bicycle→bike;mathematics→maths;very important person→VIP;the United States of America→the US.
S8:photograph→photo;laboratory→lab;October→Oct.;November→Nov.;United Nations→UN
T:So much for this.Now I’ll tell you that the second method of word formation is common.It is conversion.(Show the following on the screen.)Look at the sentences on the screen.Who can tell us the difference between the underlined words in each group of sentences
Compare the following sentences:
1.a.It has not much taste.
b.The bread tastes delicious.
2.a.They had a quarrel yesterday.
b.They quarrelled for half an hour last night.
3.a.I’ve got an interview with National Chemicals.
b.We interviewed 20 people for the job.
S9:In each group of the sentences,the words underlined belong to the different part of speech.The word in the first sentence is a noun while the other is a verb.
T:That’s right.This method of word formation,Conversion,is to use a form that represents one part of speech as another part of speech without changing the form of the word.The process of creating new words without adding any affixes is also called zero-derivation.Can you give some more examples
S10:have a rest (n.?)→rest (v.);catch hold (n.?) of→hold (v.) etc.
T:We should pay attention to that.After class,have a discussion in groups and try to write down as many as you can.The third method of word formation is Compounding,which is a process by which two independent words are put together to make one word.Words which are formed by this method are called compounds.Some of them are connected with a hyphen.Some are written in one word and some are still separate,such as blackboard;man-made;up-to-date;warm-hearted;post office;writing desk etc.There are a lot in every page.I mean,they are common,aren’t they
Ss:Yes,they are.
T:The last method is Derivation.That is to say,we add an affix,a prefix or a suffix to a root.Generally speaking,when a prefix is added to a word,it will change a word in meaning but it will not change its part of speech.Some suffixes,when added to words,can change their parts of speech and a few their meanings and parts of speech.Who can shows us which suffixes can cause to form nouns,verbs,adjectives or adverbs
S12:Suffixes which can transform some words into nouns when added are:-er; -or;-ess; -ion; -ship;-ure;-ty;-ance;-hood etc.
S13:The suffixes -ful;-less;-able;-al;-y;-like;-en;-ed etc. can transform one word into an adjective.
S14:The suffixes such as -ize;-en;-ify can transform some words into verbs.
S15:The suffixes -ly;-ward;-wise can transform some words into adverbs.
T:What about “-teen;-ty;-th”
S16:They can help form some numerals.
T:Well done!I hope all the others can remembers as much as they do.
Step Ⅳ Practice 练习
T:(Show the following on the screen.)Now look at the screen.Let’s do practice.Pair work or group work.Later,we’ll check the answers.
Try to guess the meaning of each word.
1.misapply 2.disability
3.interconnect 4.international
5.transplant 6.subnormal
7.substandard 8.extraordinary
9.intermarry 10.biochemistry
11.teleprinter 12.supertanker
Suggested answers:
1.误用；滥用
2.无能力
3.互相联系；互相连接
4.国际间的
5.移植
6.低于正常的
7.低于标准的；不够标准的
8.不平常的；非常的
9.通婚
10.生物化学
11.电传打字机
12.超级油轮
Step Ⅴ Test 测试
T:Now let’s have a test.(Show the following on the screen.)Please write your answers on a piece of paper.A few minutes later,we’ll check the answers.
Can you tell us the meaning of the underlined word in each sentence Try to guess them.
1.The hall can seat a thousand people.
2.The train slowed down.
3.They helped us bridge over the difficulties.
4.We must better the life of the people.
5.His holiday was ruined by a series of misadventures.
6.There is often subzero temperature in winter here.
7.I disbelieve every word Tom says.
8.He is extra-thin.
9.The article has a subtitle.
Suggested answers:
1.坐 2.慢了下来
2.度过 4.改善
5.不幸事件 6.零度以下
7.不相信 8.相当瘦
9.小标题
Step Ⅵ Summary and Homework 小结/作业
T:In this class we’ve reviewed the four methods of word formation and some useful affixes…(Teacher writes all of these on the blackboard.)To master some knowledge of word formation is very important.It can not only help to improve our ability to read English articles but also help us remember new words.I say,it is a useful tool in helping us study English.Let’s work hard at it.Today’s homework:Collect as many prefixes as you can and divide them into groups according to their meanings.So much for this class.Good-bye!
Ss:Good-bye!
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