Unit2 Grammar[上学期]
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课件29张PPT。GrammarUnit 2The Past Participle1.An interesting crosstalk
2.The boy standing near the car is a classmate of mine.
3.The music is exciting.Q1.Look at the three sentences above, what can we call interesting, standing and exciting” in Grammar ? Answer: We call them “ present participle”(现在分词)Q2. what is fun_ction of the three words?Attribute 定语Attribute 定语Predicative 表语A crosstalk (which is ) interestingThe boy (who is ) standing
near the carThe Past ParticipleForm:规则动词的过去分词---v-ed不规则动词的过去分词没有统一的构成规则Function: 1.作定语(Attribute)
2.作表语(Predicative)(done)1.Experienced editors and reporters make informed decisions about what events to report…
2.We asked two of China’s many talented journalists to tell us more about news and newspapers.
3.After the interview, the reporter must present the material in an organised way and…
4.Chen wrote about the efforts to bring stolen cultural relics back to china.
5.I want to write about people addicted to drugs.
6.TV programmes and printed articles help people in other countries learn about China and the Chinese people.
7.The media can often help solve problems and draw attentions to situations where help is needed.
8.It will lead to a future world where people from all countries are respected and different views and opinions are tolerated.Attribute(定语): informed, talented,organized,stolen,addicted, printedPredicative(表语):experienced,needed,respected,tolerated1.过去分词作定语 (Attribute)
一颗破碎的心 丧家之犬 已经升起的太阳 (1) 在句中的位置
单个的过去分词作定语时，位于它所修饰的名词或代词前面；a broken heart the risen suna lost dogpeople addicted to drugsa novel written by Lu Xunthe advice given to the patientan old man supported by his sona school built for orphans过去分词短语作定语时，位于它所修饰的名词或代词后面。 单个过去分词修饰 something, everything, anything, nothing, somebody, nobody，those 等不定代词时，也要放在这些词后面。Nothing reported ( in the newspaper) interested him.
He is one of those invited.(2)语法功能
做定语过去分词或过去分词短语作定语时，其功能相当于一个定语从句。The stolen bike belongs to Jack.The bike which had been stolen belongs to Jack. 过去分词作定语也可用作非限制性定
语，前后用逗号隔开。
The books, written by Guo Jingming,
are very popular with teenagers.
这些书是郭敬明写的，深受青少年的
喜爱。不定式(to do)、现在分词(doing)和
过去分词(done)做定语的区别：
(1)不定式作定语表示一个未完成的动作，
(2)现在分词作定语表示一个主动或者进
行的动作，
(3)而过去分词作定语表示一个被动或者
完成的动作。the changing world
the changed world（正在变化的）
（变化了的）
boiling waterboiled water（正在沸腾的）（已经煮熟了的水）a developing countrya developed country(发展中的)（发达的）the homework to do（要做的作业） falling leavesfallen leaves正在飘落的树叶落叶退休工人
a retired worker逃犯an escaped prisoner被盗的汽车a stolen carTranslate the following phrases:辨析： 过去分词(done) 现在分词的被动语态(being done) 不定式的被动语态( to be done) 作定语(1).the meeting held yesterday.
(2).the meeting being held now
(3).the meeting to be held tomorrow.总结:过去分词(done) 表示动作的被动完成
现在分词的被动语态(being done) 表示动作正在被发生.
不定式的被动语态( to be done) 表示动作将要被发生
I know the people building the house there.
The house being built over there is a shop.
The house built over there is a shop.
The house to be built over there is a shop. (主动，正在建）(被动、正在建)（被动、已建好）（被动、将要建）2.作表语 (Predicative)The door remained locked.She looked disappointed.He seemed quite delighted at the good news. (1).过去分词作表语, 无“被动”的意思,
只是表示主语的状态或思想感情等,结构为:be
feel/look /seem/get/ become/remain+ done(1)He looked worried after reading the letter.
when we heard of it, we were deeply moved.(2)The glass is broken.
The glass is broken by Tom last night.(表示状态)(表示动作)注: 过去分词作表语不要与被动语态混为一谈.(1)用作表语的过去分词,主要表示一种状态,
此时相当于一个形容词.(2)用作被动语态的过去分词,句子的主语是
动作的承受者,后常跟by短语.-ing作表语 与 -ed作表语The result of the test is
I feel at the result of the test.The result is !
I am at what he said.disappointing.
disappointedsurprisingsurprised许多作表语的分词都可以看作是形容词，现在分词形式的形容词说明主语是“令人……的，使人……的”，经常用来说明事物的；而过去分词形式的形容词主要用来说明“人（感到）……的”，或用来说明人的表情、声音等。 Practice Complete the sentences using the right form of the given verb.
I had nothing to do. I was __________ (bore) and lonely.
Jack looked even more _________ (amaze) than he felt.
The results were very _____________ (disappoint).
I was thanked by the _____________ (satisfy) customer.
The girl ___________ (dress) in red is my daughter.
Last Monday our class went on an ____________ (organise) trip. bored amazed disappointing satisfied dressed organised1. ____ in the traffic accident ____ taken to hospital.
A. An injured, was B. The injured, has
C. The injuring, were D. The injured, have been2.The ___ look on the girl’s face suggested that she ___ such bad news.
A. surprising, would expect
B. surprised, should expect
C. surprising, shouldn’t have been expected
D. surprised, hadn’t expected3.The girl ___ forward to buying a
new gold watch.
A. referred to look
B. referred to looking
C. referred to looks
D. referring to looks4.It ’s a pay day，and they are waiting____.
pay B. paying
C. paid D. to be paid5.The first textbooks ____ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.
A.having written B. to be written
C. being written D. written6.You’ll find the word "physics"____ under "P" in your dictionary.
A.have listed B.list
C.listed D.listing7. From the date ___ on the gold coin, we decided that it was made 500 years ago. A. marking
B. marked
C. to be marked
D. having been marked8. Experts think that we need to eat meat because it contains vitamins and minerals _____ in vegetables. A. not finding
B. not to be found C. not found
D. which is not found9. She felt rather that she shouldn’t drive the car at such a speed.
A. frightening, frightening
B. frightened, frightened
C. frightening, frightened
D. frightened, frightening 10. The Olympic Games, _____ in 776 B.C, did
not include women players until 1912.
A. first playing B. to be first played
C. first played D. to be first playingAnswers to Exercise 2informed decisions
= decisions that are informed
talented journalists
= journalists who are talented
an organized way
= a way that is organizedstolen culture relics
= culture relics that had been stolen
people addicted to drugs
= people who are addicted to drugs
printed articles
= articles that are printed
2.The boy standing near the car is a classmate of mine.
3.The music is exciting.Q1.Look at the three sentences above, what can we call interesting, standing and exciting” in Grammar ? Answer: We call them “ present participle”(现在分词)Q2. what is fun_ction of the three words?Attribute 定语Attribute 定语Predicative 表语A crosstalk (which is ) interestingThe boy (who is ) standing
near the carThe Past ParticipleForm:规则动词的过去分词---v-ed不规则动词的过去分词没有统一的构成规则Function: 1.作定语(Attribute)
2.作表语(Predicative)(done)1.Experienced editors and reporters make informed decisions about what events to report…
2.We asked two of China’s many talented journalists to tell us more about news and newspapers.
3.After the interview, the reporter must present the material in an organised way and…
4.Chen wrote about the efforts to bring stolen cultural relics back to china.
5.I want to write about people addicted to drugs.
6.TV programmes and printed articles help people in other countries learn about China and the Chinese people.
7.The media can often help solve problems and draw attentions to situations where help is needed.
8.It will lead to a future world where people from all countries are respected and different views and opinions are tolerated.Attribute(定语): informed, talented,organized,stolen,addicted, printedPredicative(表语):experienced,needed,respected,tolerated1.过去分词作定语 (Attribute)
一颗破碎的心 丧家之犬 已经升起的太阳 (1) 在句中的位置
单个的过去分词作定语时，位于它所修饰的名词或代词前面；a broken heart the risen suna lost dogpeople addicted to drugsa novel written by Lu Xunthe advice given to the patientan old man supported by his sona school built for orphans过去分词短语作定语时，位于它所修饰的名词或代词后面。 单个过去分词修饰 something, everything, anything, nothing, somebody, nobody，those 等不定代词时，也要放在这些词后面。Nothing reported ( in the newspaper) interested him.
He is one of those invited.(2)语法功能
做定语过去分词或过去分词短语作定语时，其功能相当于一个定语从句。The stolen bike belongs to Jack.The bike which had been stolen belongs to Jack. 过去分词作定语也可用作非限制性定
语，前后用逗号隔开。
The books, written by Guo Jingming,
are very popular with teenagers.
这些书是郭敬明写的，深受青少年的
喜爱。不定式(to do)、现在分词(doing)和
过去分词(done)做定语的区别：
(1)不定式作定语表示一个未完成的动作，
(2)现在分词作定语表示一个主动或者进
行的动作，
(3)而过去分词作定语表示一个被动或者
完成的动作。the changing world
the changed world（正在变化的）
（变化了的）
boiling waterboiled water（正在沸腾的）（已经煮熟了的水）a developing countrya developed country(发展中的)（发达的）the homework to do（要做的作业） falling leavesfallen leaves正在飘落的树叶落叶退休工人
a retired worker逃犯an escaped prisoner被盗的汽车a stolen carTranslate the following phrases:辨析： 过去分词(done) 现在分词的被动语态(being done) 不定式的被动语态( to be done) 作定语(1).the meeting held yesterday.
(2).the meeting being held now
(3).the meeting to be held tomorrow.总结:过去分词(done) 表示动作的被动完成
现在分词的被动语态(being done) 表示动作正在被发生.
不定式的被动语态( to be done) 表示动作将要被发生
I know the people building the house there.
The house being built over there is a shop.
The house built over there is a shop.
The house to be built over there is a shop. (主动，正在建）(被动、正在建)（被动、已建好）（被动、将要建）2.作表语 (Predicative)The door remained locked.She looked disappointed.He seemed quite delighted at the good news. (1).过去分词作表语, 无“被动”的意思,
只是表示主语的状态或思想感情等,结构为:be
feel/look /seem/get/ become/remain+ done(1)He looked worried after reading the letter.
when we heard of it, we were deeply moved.(2)The glass is broken.
The glass is broken by Tom last night.(表示状态)(表示动作)注: 过去分词作表语不要与被动语态混为一谈.(1)用作表语的过去分词,主要表示一种状态,
此时相当于一个形容词.(2)用作被动语态的过去分词,句子的主语是
动作的承受者,后常跟by短语.-ing作表语 与 -ed作表语The result of the test is
I feel at the result of the test.The result is !
I am at what he said.disappointing.
disappointedsurprisingsurprised许多作表语的分词都可以看作是形容词，现在分词形式的形容词说明主语是“令人……的，使人……的”，经常用来说明事物的；而过去分词形式的形容词主要用来说明“人（感到）……的”，或用来说明人的表情、声音等。 Practice Complete the sentences using the right form of the given verb.
I had nothing to do. I was __________ (bore) and lonely.
Jack looked even more _________ (amaze) than he felt.
The results were very _____________ (disappoint).
I was thanked by the _____________ (satisfy) customer.
The girl ___________ (dress) in red is my daughter.
Last Monday our class went on an ____________ (organise) trip. bored amazed disappointing satisfied dressed organised1. ____ in the traffic accident ____ taken to hospital.
A. An injured, was B. The injured, has
C. The injuring, were D. The injured, have been2.The ___ look on the girl’s face suggested that she ___ such bad news.
A. surprising, would expect
B. surprised, should expect
C. surprising, shouldn’t have been expected
D. surprised, hadn’t expected3.The girl ___ forward to buying a
new gold watch.
A. referred to look
B. referred to looking
C. referred to looks
D. referring to looks4.It ’s a pay day，and they are waiting____.
pay B. paying
C. paid D. to be paid5.The first textbooks ____ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.
A.having written B. to be written
C. being written D. written6.You’ll find the word "physics"____ under "P" in your dictionary.
A.have listed B.list
C.listed D.listing7. From the date ___ on the gold coin, we decided that it was made 500 years ago. A. marking
B. marked
C. to be marked
D. having been marked8. Experts think that we need to eat meat because it contains vitamins and minerals _____ in vegetables. A. not finding
B. not to be found C. not found
D. which is not found9. She felt rather that she shouldn’t drive the car at such a speed.
A. frightening, frightening
B. frightened, frightened
C. frightening, frightened
D. frightened, frightening 10. The Olympic Games, _____ in 776 B.C, did
not include women players until 1912.
A. first playing B. to be first played
C. first played D. to be first playingAnswers to Exercise 2informed decisions
= decisions that are informed
talented journalists
= journalists who are talented
an organized way
= a way that is organizedstolen culture relics
= culture relics that had been stolen
people addicted to drugs
= people who are addicted to drugs
printed articles
= articles that are printed