课件41张PPT。 A helping hand Unit9 Health CarePre-reading1.Can you think of the situations
where people need help?
Serious illness, jobless, accidents,
wars, disasters / catastrophe …2. While one is in such situations,
which organizations can help
besides the people around him
or her?The WHO , The Red Cross as well as the local government.The World Health OrganizationScanning and skimming Paragraph A:
Paragraph B:
Paragraph C:A man _____________a serious disease was _________to pay for treatment.With the help of ________________________, Wang Lin’s disease was cured.A new health project __________exploring and developing a new health care_______ for China.suffering fromunablehealth care projectis aimed atmodelParagraph D:
Paragraph E:
Paragraph F:
Many urban Chinese_____________ money given by the government. Millions of Chinese people in urban areas cannot__________________________.Health care project is very important in our country’s efforts to______________.are living onafford proper health carefight povertyParagraph G:
Paragraph H:
Paragraph I:The Chinese government is taking measures to_____________________________.People must ________each other if society is to develop and prosper. Our country is working hard to __________ and_____________________.prevent the spread of AIDSfight povertyimprove health carehelpIntensive reading Para A&BWang Linwas diagnosed withsuffered fromconstant painA treatmenta laid-off workerHopelessReceived treatmentrecover Para CA Health Care ProjectThe project is one of the government programmes __________ improving the situation for the _____ people in China.It is designed to ______________ ______________ and reduce poverty. The Chinese government is also _______________________other countries and international organizations to _________________________ hospitals and clinics for low-income families.The goal is to ___________________ a new health care model for China. aimed atpoorestcare reformencourage healthworking together withProvide easy access toexplore and developsmall allowancepoor health careserious illnesslive in povertyPoverty & diseasePara D&E&Fhealth care ……important…
purchase medical insurance Para GAIDSAnother great challengeinfected people …… 10 million …… 2020 The government is trying to prevent the spread of AIDS by providing free AIDS tests and free treatment for those who can’t afford it .Para H&IresponsibilityWe must also remember the responsibilities that come with wealth and prosperity.effortsThe government’s efforts to fight poverty and improve health care cover several aspects. The funds are limited and it is not possible for the government to meet all the needs.1.Wang Lin was diagnosed with cancer.
2.Wang’s son worked in a college who was unable
to help him.
3.Wang Lin was saved with the help of a government
health care programme.
4.The health programme is the largest in the
country and is being widely used throughout the
country.
5.By the end of 2003 the government’s programme
only covered food and clothing, not including
health care.
FTFTF
True or False:6.Some low-income residents couldn’t afford to go
to hospital.
7.The government considers health care one of
prior(优先的）things to fight poverty.
8.There is an upward tendency in the speed of
AIDS in China.
9.We should develop our economy regardless of
those poor and weak people.
10.The government can solve all the problems
concerning health care.TTTFF( )1.Thanks to______,Wang Lin was able to
receive a treatment in time to prevent the
disease from ruining his health. A. his son in college B. the insurance for his family C. the health care project D. the kindness of his family and neighbors
cChoose the right answer: 2.According to the text,if Wang Lin had
had______, the sickness wouldn’t have
caused such a big problem. A. a good job B.a high income C. insurance D. a good doctor to consult
3.What’s the aim of new health care project?
A. Helping people get rid of poverty.
B. Exploring and developing a new health
care model for China.
C. Letting sick people treated properly.
D. Providing medical insurance for the poor.
cB4.In how many cities is the health project
being tested?
A. 4. B. 5. C. 10. D. 14.
5.According to the United Nations AIDS agency’s report,how many people will be infected by AIDS in China by 2020 unless more is done to prevent the spread of the disease?
A.9 million. B.10 million.
C.11 million. D.12 million.
AB6. The text“A Helping Hand”is mainly
about______.
A.millions of Chinese people in urban areas
can’t afford proper health care
B. the Chinese government is taking
measures
C. A new health care project is being
explored and developed in China
D. People must help each other if society is
to develop and prosper.
CWang Lin was _____ with tuberculosis. His situation seemed hopeless, because he is a ____ worker, and his wife has an ___ of 300 yuan per month. his son has taken a ____ for his education . Thanks to the government’s health care ____ he received treatment in time. The project is designed to encourage health care ____ and reduce ______ .The government is trying to help laid-off workers. A small ____ is provided to ___ their basic needs such as food and clothing. It doesn’t cover health care , housing or education.diagnosedlaid -offincomeTo makematters worseloanprojectreformpovertyallowancecoverConsolidation:For laid-off workers, disease puts extra ____ on the families. Some families even have to spend all the money they receive from the government on _______ .Among the many aspects of the government’s ____ to fight poverty , health care occupies an important ____ .If low-income families cannot afford to purchase medical _____, other measures to reduce poverty will not succeed. The government is making great efforts to fight ____ and improve health care . A series of programs and the development of local and nationwide health care networks are____ that the government is serious about health care .careeffortspositionpressuremedical insurancepovertysigns虚拟语气虚拟语气表示说话人的愿望、假设、猜测或建议，而不表示客观存在的事实。虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。虚拟语气用于条件状语从句
与现在事实相反：
与过去事实相反：
与将来事实相反：If there _____(be) no computer, the students _______ (learn) much.如果没有电脑，学生们就学不到很多知识。werecouldn’t 如果我是只小鸟，我就会在天上飞翔。If I ______(be) a bird, I _______ (fly) in the skywerewould fly没有下雨的话，花儿会死的。________ the rain, the flowers_______(die).Without would die如果战争没有爆发，他们就会过上幸福的生活。If there ____________(not be) the war, people _______________(live) a happier lifehad not beenwould have lived如果我买了这些项链，我将会一无所有。1. If I ___________ (buy) the necklaces now, I ___________(be) penniless.2. If I ___________ (buy) the necklaces last year, I ________________(be) penniless.boughtwould behad boughtwould have been如果你昨天来的话，你就可以看到刘先生了。If you __________(come) yesterday, you _____________(see) Liu Dehua. had comewould have seen如果你要去参加英语角的话，你的英语口语一定会得到提高attended
were to attend should attendcould becomeHow I wish I ________(be) in Beijing now.wereBut for the PLA, people ___________(suffer) a lot. would have sufferedIf only I ________ (fly) to the moon.could flyHe suggested that I __________(go) to play football.should goI would rather there ________(not be) so many cars.weren’tIf he _____________(drive) his car so fast, the accident __________________ (happen).hadn’t drivenwouldn’t have happenedIf she had worked harder, she ___. (86)
A. would succeed B. had succeeded
C. should succeed D. would have succeeded
2. If my lawyer ___ here last Saturday, he ___ me from going. (89)
had been; would have prevented
had been; would prevented
were; would prevent
were; would have prevented
3. Without electricity human life ___ quite different today.
A. is B. will be C. would have been D. would be4. – if he ___, he ___ that food.
-- Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately. (93)
was warned; would not take
had been warned; would not have taken
would be warned; had not taken
would have been warned; had not taken
5. The guard at the gate insisted that everybody ___ the rules. (85)
obeys B. obey C. will obey D. would obey
6. I wish I ___ you yesterday.
A. seen B. did see C. had seen D. were to see7. If you ___ tomorrow, I ___ treat you a big dinner.
A. are going to come; will B. were to come; would
C. were going to come; would D. will come; would
8. – Why didn’t you buy the gold ring?
-- I ___, but I didn’t have the money.
had bought B. bought
C. would buy D. would have9. Mother suggested that I ___ my homework first before watching TV.
did B. do C. shall do D. have done
10. My suggestion was that the meeting ___ off till next week.
to put B. be put C. should put D. be putting
11. ___ to do the work, I should do it some other way.
If were I B. I were C. Were I D. Was I
12. ___ today, he would get there by Friday.
Would he leave B. Was he leave
C. Were he to leave D. If he leave13. ___ your letter, I would have written back two days ago.
If I received B. Should I received
C. Had I received D. If I could have received
14. ___, he would have passed the exam.
If he were to study hard B. If he studied hard
C. Had he studied hard D. Should he study hard
15. Should it rain, the crops ___.
would be saved B. would have been saved
C. will be saved D. had been saved 16.The teacher demanded that the exam ___ before 11.
must finish B. would be finished
C. be finished D. must be finished
17. He is talking so much about America as if he ___ there.
had been B. has been C. was D. been
18. Mother insisted that the child’s hands ___ before dinner.
should wash B. be washed
C. would wash D. had washed
19. The commander ordered that the wounded ___ to hospital right away.
A. to be sent B. be sent C. send D. should send20. It is important that we ___ wild animals.
A.will protect B. should protect
C. shall protect D. are protecting
21. ___ I be free tomorrow, I could go with you.
A. Could B. Should C. Might D. Must
22. She treated Tom as though ___ her own son.
A. he is B. he would be C. he was D. he were
23. If only I ___ my watch.
A. hadn’t lost B. haven’t lost
C. didn’t lose D. don’t lose阅读的导入部分（图画），多提问几个学生，可能会产生一些非常有趣的答案，再配合手势语，能极大的激起学生的学习兴趣。
本人在复习虚拟语气的过程中，发现图片可能太多了些，老师们可以斟酌减少若干。
边讲解（图片和练习），边让学生总结在什么情况下使用虚拟语气。如(It’s important…; suggest等。)
虚拟语气的选择题过多，建议能出练习试卷，要不学生总是看幻灯，容易疲惫。课堂反思：阅读理解的导入问题是：We can’t be always so good in our daily life, sometimes, sth unlucky will really happen to us. And now let’s look what you would do at…课件23张PPT。CancerHeart diseaseTooth painColdFluBird fluCancer
Heart disease
Tooth painCold
Flu
Bird fluthe father of antibiotics Sir Alexander Fleming London penicillin Para.1
Para.2
Para.3
Para.4
Para.5
Fleming was excited about his discovery, but other scientists showed no interest.Penicillin played a very important role during World War Ⅱand also at present.Fleming discovered a mould that can kill bacteria by accident. Health care in the past was often dangerous and risky. Alexander Fleming invented many ways to treat the wounded during World War I.Main idea of each paragraph:Careful Reading1.Why was health care often dangerous and
risky?2. What did a German chemist develop?3. What did Fleming see when he was washing
the jars and lids?4. Why did Fleming keep trying to develop the
chemical?1.Why was health care often dangerous and
risky?(para.1)Treatments were neither scientific nor effective, and many patients suffered deadly infections as a result of operations and even a small cut could cause an infection that would kill the patient.2. What did a German chemist develop?(Para.2)In the early 1900s, a German chemist developed a chemical treatment for a serious disease that had been considered incurable.3. What did Fleming see when he was washing
the jars and lids?(Para.3)He found a mould was growing in one of the jars. And he also noticed that the bacteria around the mould had died and stopped growing .4. Why did Fleming keep trying to develop the
chemical?(Para.4-5)Because the chemical was not safe and effective enough. It was not until World War II that Fleming and two other scientists developed a kind of penicillin that was very effective in curing infections.True or falseThe discovery of mould is a story of an accident.
In the early 1900s, Fleming developed a chemical treatment for a serious disease .
During the first World War, Fleming was not able to cure the soldiers by fighting infections.
TFFTrue or false
4. Alexander Fleming had grown bacteria in the old glass containers
to develop mould.
5. Although other scientists showed
no interest in his discovery, Fleming
continued his research work.
6. In 1945, Fleming won the Nobel Prize alone.TFFReadingRead the text and choose the best answer.(On Page 80)Important Phrases:1.治疗疾病
2.造成感染
3.死于感染
4.导致他有新发现
5.有更大意义的发现
6.清理实验室
7.同疾病作斗争
8.获得诺贝尔奖
9.和…一起
10.询问某人…cure diseases
cause an infection
die from infections
lead him to his new discovery
a discovery of great significance
clean up the lab
fight diseases
receive the Nobel Prize
together with
ask sb. about sth.Important Phrases:11.由于
12.一位名叫Tom的医生
13.治疗伤员
14.停止生长
15.第二次世界大战
16. 被充分承认as a result of
a doctor named Tom
treat the wounded
stop growing
World War II
be fully recognized Which of the characteristics do you think
helped Alexander Flaming discover penicillin?
Explain your choices.devotion to duty full of confidence carefulness
perseverance sacrifice aggressive intelligence
sense of responsibility sympathy observation
interest willingness ★ What can we learn from Alexander Flaming?1.is a natural mould that is easy to grow and use.
2.will make hospitals safer
3.can cure infections
4.kills bacteria
5.can be used to treat diseases. penicillin ________helped Flaming discover penicillin.
________as a result, Flaming discovered penicillin.
________led to Flaming ’s discovery of penicillin. Eg: Suppose you were Flaming, and would
be interviewed by the reporters. Tell them
what you have discovered and what it can
be used for and so on. Let’s work in four.interview According to what you
have discussed now,
imagine you are Flaming,
write a letter to a
famous medical journal
to tell about your
discovery.HomeworkIf time is limited,
leave the writing part
as homework1)He looks as if he were an artist.Compare: It looks as if it going to rain.2)it looks as if it might rain.3)He talked as if he had been to London.---- The chance of rain is small.---- It is likely to rain.----In fact he didn’t go to London.----In fact he isn’t an artist.e.g.Thank you !课件17张PPT。Unit 9Language pointsabuse n & vt. 滥用，妄用；虐待；辱骂
abusive adj. 骂人的，辱骂性的1)alcohol
tobacco abuse
drug
child酗酒吸烟成瘾滥用毒品虐待儿童2)abuse one’s authority/ position/ power
a privilege 滥用职权滥用特权3)abusive language, remarks骂人的语言、话Speaking:1）你得保证在公共场合不会骂我。
2）一些官员滥用权力，为自己谋取非法收入.
3）虐待儿童在这个国家是很普遍的。You have to promise that you will never abuse me in public.Some officials to get illegal profits for themselves. is widespread in this country.abuse their powerChild abuse2.insurance n. 保险；保险费； insure v. 给…保险labor
life
health insurance
accident death
accident劳动保险人寿保险健康保险意外死亡保险意外事故保险offer/ provide medical insurance提供医疗保险买医疗保险purchase medical insurancean insurance company保险公司1）随着社会的发展，越来越多的人意识到买医疗保险是多么
重要。
2）在他汽车出了事故之后，保险公司拒绝再次给他投保。
3) 她丈夫去世后,她得到两万美圆的保险金。As our society develops/ With the development of our society, more and more people have realized
.After his car accident the - refused to him again.how important it is to purchase medical insuranceinsurance companyinsureWhen her husband died, she received ＄20,000
insurance.Reading 1.be diagnosed with:
= be identified with a disease
eg. Mary was diagnosed with AIDS when she was only seven years old.
2. lay sb. off: dismiss sb.
Eg.由于效益不佳，工厂不得不解雇五名 工人，王林就是
下岗职工中的一名。The factory has to lay off at least 5 workers because of the low benefits, thus Wang Lin becomes one of the laid-off workers.lay off 停止工作或活动,休息Eg. The doctor told him to lay off for a
couple days.3. to make matters/things worse 更糟糕的是
= worse still / even worse/ what`s worseEg. I lost my way to the hotel, to make matters
worse, I forgot the name of the hotel where
I live.我找不到去旅馆的路了，更糟糕的是，我忘记了我住的旅馆的名字了。英语中常见的插入语还有：to tell truth, to begin with, generally speaking, what`s more, do you think,
believe it or not, say, in other words 等等。Maggie has been fortunate to find a job she loves
and, , she gets well paid for it. (浙江2005)
sooner or later B. what`s more
C. as a result D. more or lessB4.pressure n.
1) 压;按;挤;榨[U]
Eg. The small box was flattened by the pressure
of the heavy book on it.
2) 压力;压迫;紧迫;催促[U][C]
Eg. He works well under pressure.
他在有压力的情况下工作很出色。
Eg. These old people are unaccustomed to the
pressure of modern life.5.consult v. Eg.1) You’d better consult an eye specialist.consult sb. = to seek advice or information from sb.2) Have you consulted with the other members
of the team? consult with sb. = discuss sth. with sb. 3) Do not stop to consult your dictionary every
time you come across a word or phrase you
do not know.consult a dictionary 查阅，查看（词典）注意: look up a word in the dictionary
（在词典中）查（单词）请教，向…咨询；找…商量；6. They cannot afford to consult a doctor or
purchase medicines from a chemist when they get sick, nor can they make sure that their children keep a healthy diet.
这里表示否定意义的副词nor 置于句首, 后面的
句子应采用部分倒装形式,意为“也不……”Eg. If you don’t wait for him, nor shall I. 具有相同用法的否定意义的副词还有never, nor
neither, no sooner, little, hardly, seldom, in no way,
nowhere, not only等。
Eg. 1) Not a single mistake did he make in his
exam.2) Visit our stores. Nowhere else will you
find such magnificent bargains.
3) Hardly had he finished his work when the telephone rang.
4) Not only did he complain about the food,
he also refused to pay for it.
7. vow to do vow that… 发誓；承诺I vow to take care of you forever.
= I vow that I will take care of you forever.take/ make a vow
break a vow
keep a vow立誓，起誓
违反誓约
履行誓约Eg. 我承诺我会永远照顾你.Practice1.There is no ___ to the house from the main road. A. street B. access C. key D. trend
2.He demanded that quick action should be ___ before things got even worse.
A. made B. held C. taken D. carried
3.I don’t think the snow will ___ our plans for a picnic.
A. affect B. effect C. infect D. impress
4.Only with this method ___ to make progress in your maths study.
A. you can hope B. you did hope
C. can you hope D. did you hope
5.She travelled a great deal,___ did most of her
friends.
A. which B. what C. it D. as
6. They have been trying to arrive at a practical
solution ___ the problem.
A. in B. to C. it D. with
7.There are over 100 night clubs in the city, but you
don’t often see ___ that is empty.
A. one B. the one C. it D. that
8.The key ___ the earth is to change the way __ we
live.
A. to save;/ B. to saving;/
C. to save; how D. to saving; how9.The doctor advised that I ___ a month or so before going back to work.
A. relaxed B. was relaxing
C. would relax D. relax
10.If proper medical care is given, ___ a good chance that the sick boy will get well soon.
A. it might be B. there might be
C. it’s D. there’s
11.She never went again, ___ to apologize.
A. or she ever wrote B. nor did she write
C. nor she ever wrote D. or did she write
12.It’s bad manners to say “Get out” or ___ rude remarks.
A. such some B. some such
C. such any D. any such 虚拟语气
语气：它是动词的一种形式，表示说话人的对说话内容的看法和态度．有陈述语气，疑问语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气之分．
虚拟语气是表示说话者所说的话只是一种主观的愿望，假想，建议和要求等．它的用法如下：
一．在条件状语从句中的使用．
条件状语从句的谓语动词形式
主句的谓语动词形式
与现在事实相反
动词的过去式（be用were）
wound/should/could/might+动词原形
与过去事实相反
had＋过去分词
wound/should/could/might+ have+过去分词
与将来事实相反
动词的过去式（be用were）
should+动词原形
were to +动词原形
wound/should/could/might+动词原形
㈠if引导的虚拟条件句
If it rains tomorrow, the crops will be saved. 陈述语气
If it rained tomorrow, the crops would be saved. 虚拟语气
与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句
If + 主 + did(were), 主+would/should/could/might +动词原形
1. 如果我是你，我会再试一次。
If I were you, I would try it again.
2.如果我有一百万美元，我会买下这架飞机。
If I had one million dollars, I would buy the plane.
与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句
If +主 +had done sth, 主+would/should/could/might
+动词完成式（have done）
1.如果他努力学的话，他就通过这次考试。
If he had worked hard, he would have passed the examination.
2.要是当时我和她结了婚的话，那我是很不幸的。
If I had married her, I would have been unhappy.
与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句(通常有时间状语)
If + 主 + did(were to /should do), 主+would/should/
could/might +动词原形
1.如果他明天来的话,我会告诉他这件事.
If he came here tomorrow, I would tell him about it.
2.如果他明天来的话,我会告诉他.
If he were to come here tomorrow, I would tell him.
Practice:
1.If you ______tomorrow, you ______ind the new manager working in the office.
A. should come; would B. would come; would
C. will come; should D.comes; might
2. If the parents ______at the hospital earlier after the accident, the child would have been saved.
A. arrives B. arrive C. had arrived D. has arrived
3. -- If he _________he ___________that food.
-- Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately.
A. was warned; would not have taken B. had been warned; would not have taken
C. would be warned; had not taken D. would have been warned; had not taken
4. I didn’t see your sister at the meeting. If she
__________, she would have met my brother.
A. has come B. did come C. came D. had come
5. If my lawyer _______here last Sunday, he _______
me from going .
A. had been; would have prevented B. had been; would prevent
C. were; would prevent D. were; would have prevented
倒装的If虚拟句
条件状语的倒装：如果条件状语中有were, had, should时, 可以倒装成：Were / Should / Had +主+其他
1. If I were you, I would try it again.→Were I you, I would try it again.
2. If he had been there yesterday, he would have seen the film. →Had he been there yesterday, he would have seen the film.
3. If it should snow tomorrow, we wouldn’t go out→.Should it snow tomorrow, we wouldn’t go out.
Pracrise:
1. _______the exam, he would have attended a college.
A. If he passed B. Had he passed C. Were he passed D. If he should pass
2. _______five minutes earlier, you could have seen them off.
A. If you should arrive B. If you arrive C. Had you arrived D. Should you arrive
3. ________it rain tomorrow, we should have to put off the visit to the Science Museum.
A. Were B. should C. would D. will
混合(错综)条件句
如果我是你，我就听从他的建议。
If I were you, I would have taken his advice.
从句表示现在，主句表示过去
如果你听我的话，现在就不会这么糟糕了。
If you had listened to me, you might not be in such trouble now.
从句表示过去，主句表示现在
如果这些天一直没下雨，我们现在可以进行工作了。
If it hadn’t been raining those days, we should be going on with the works.
从句表过去进行，主句表现在进行
注意:主从句时间不一致情况下的虚拟语气(混合条件句): 有时条件从句中的动作和结果与
主句中的动作，发生的时间不一致，这时动作的形式应根据它所表示的时间加以调整。
Eg. If you had followed my advice, you would be able to finish the work now.
如果你当时听了我的话，现在就能完成这份工作了。
（从句说明过去，主句说明现在。）
If I were you, I would have gone to her birthday party.
如果我是你，我就去参加她的生日晚会了。（从句说明现在，主句说明过去。）
If you hadn’t lent me some money, I couldn’t have bought the new house and most likely I would be still living in the dangerous house now.假若你不借钱给我， 我不可能买下这幢新房，很可能现在还住在危房里。（从句说明过去，主句说明过去和现在。）
名词性从句中要求用虚拟语气的动词
suggest, order, demand, propose, command, request, desire, insist, require, advice etc.引
导的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，以(should) + v原的形式出现。
Eg.We all suggest that he ( should ) finish his homework first.
The captain commanded that all the sailors ( should ) get down to work at once.
It’s suggested ( ordered, demanded, proposed, commanded, requested, desired, insisted,
required ) that … 后面的主语从句中要使用虚拟语气，也以 ( should )+ v原.的形式出
现。
Eg. It’s ordered that only German ( should ) be taught at schools in Alsas and Lorin.
It’s requested that all the students ( should ) wear school uniforms at school.
以上这些动词的名词形式后面的表语从句和同位语从句中也要用虚拟语气，也应以
(should) + v原. 的形式出现。
Eg. 1. My suggestion is that you ( should ) go home first before coming here.
2. My advice is that you (should) practise speaking English as often as possible
3. His request that his cost ( should ) be paid by the hour is completely reasonable.
注意:当suggest 表示“暗示”;insist表示“坚持认为”时不用虚拟！
Eg.1.His accent suggests he comes from Hunan.
2.His silence suggested that he agreed with my decision
3.I insist that he was wrong
4.He insists that doing morning exercises does good to people’s health.
㈡wish引导的虚拟句
wish + that did/were 现在
How I wish had done 过去
If only would / might /would do 将来
Eg. 1. 我要是记得地址就好了。（真可惜我忘了）
wish I remembered the address.
2. 要是他没有离开这里就好了。（他已离开）
How I wish he had not left.
3. 要是明天下雨就好了。（说话人以预料明天不会下雨）
I wish it would rain tomorrow.
㈢If only
(1) …要是就好了 = I wish
If only I knew his name now!
If only we had followed your advice last time!
If only I could see him again next year!
要是我们的父母能和我们住在一起就好了。
If only our parents could live with us!
要是我没错过火车就好了.
If only I hadn’t missed the train!
Practice:
1. “ Have you visited the Science Museum?”
“ No, but I really wish I _______.”
A. had B. did C. have D. will
2. I didn’t go to the party, but I do wish I _____there.
A. was B. were C. had been D. went
3, I wish I _________ you yesterday.
A. see B. did see C. had seen D. were to see
4. --He is a brave man.
--Yes, I wish I _________his courage.
A. Have B. had C. will have D. would have
5. Tom can take his car apart and put it back together again. I certainly wish he _____me how.
A. teaches B. will teach C. has taught D. would teach
6. The picture exhibition bored me to death. I wish I______to it.
A. hadn’t gone B. haven’t gone
C. didn’t go D. could not have gone
7. How I wish I __________that! Everybody present was angry with me.
A. didn’t go B. hadn’t done C. wouldn’t do D. wasn’t doing
㈣as if /though
He speaks English as if/ though he is from the USA. 陈述语气
He speaks English as if/ though he were from the USA. 虚拟语气
现在：did /were(现在)
过去：had done(过去)
将来 : would+动词原形(将来)
Eg. She loves the baby as if it were her own son.(现在)
他看起来好象病了.He looks as if he were ill.（现在）
He speaks as if he had been to the United States. （过去）
She spoke English well as if she had studied English in England.（过去）
她英语说的很好就象是在英国学习的一样.
史密斯太太哭得心都快碎了. Mrs. Smith sobbed as if her heart would break.（将来）
Practice:
1.When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it __________.
A. breaks B. has broken C. were broken D. had been broken
2. The actor is 58 years old. But he acts as if he _______ a young man.
A. is B. will be C. am D. were
3. The clouds are getting darker and darker. It looks as if it _______rain.
A. is going to B. will C. was going to D. would
注意：如果表示的事情可能会发生，那么状语从句中的谓语动词可用陈述语气。
It looks as if you are tired.
㈤would rather 句型
现在：过去时
1. would rather that 过去：过去完成时
未来：过去时
Eg. I would rather you paid me now.
I would rather you had gone, too.
Don’t come. I would rather you came tomorrow.
注意: 在主语＋would (had) rather ＋that 宾语从句中，从句谓语一般用过去式表示虚拟形式。例如:
我真希望你告诉我真相。
I’d rather you told me the truth.
我宁愿不再见着你。
I’d rather I didn’t see you again.
我倒希望他们和我一起去。
㈥ It’s (about/high) time +that ---（过去时 / should +动词原形
It’s high time that you went.
你该走了。 It’s high time that you were going.
It’s high time that you should go.
我们该去睡觉了
It’s time that we went to bed.
It’s time that we should go to bed.
㈦without和but for 构成虚拟。but for要不是
1.Without sunlight, people’s life would be different from today.
2.But for your help, I wouldn’t have finished the work.
3.Without your help, I would have failed.
4.But for water, it would be impossible to live in the desert.
㈧ If only …要是就好了 = I wish
If only I knew his name!
If only we had followed your advice!
If only I could see him again!
要是我们的父母能和我们住在一起就好了。If only our parents could live with us!
要是我没错过火车就好了！If only I hadn’t missed the train!
㈨ It’s necessary /strange/ natural/ important + that---Clause 从句中的动词要用虚拟，
即（should）+动词原形
It is important that we ( should ) master a foreign language.
It is strange that she refuse to come to the party.
It’s necessary that we should study hard.
㈩otherwise 和supposing也可以引导虚拟语气。例如：
The storm stopped, otherwise the sailors would have fallen into the sea.
I’m getting cold, otherwise I would keep her.
Suppose(supposing) your friends knew how you are behaving here, what would they think?
(十一)so that 与in order that
二者引导的目的状语从句谓语部分应该用may /might/can /could /etc.+动词原形
She stayed at home for a few days so that she might have more time to study it.
She listened carefully in order that she minght discover exactly what he wanted.
He went to the station in a taxi so that he should not miss the train.
（十二）用 “may+动词原形”表示祝愿，但愿，此时may须置于句首
May good luck be yours!祝你好运！ May you be happy!祝你快乐！ May you do even better!祝你取得更大成就
Long live the people! 人民万岁！ “God bless you,” said the priest.牧师说：“愿上帝保佑你！”
跟踪练习
If she had worked harder, she ___. (86)
A. would succeed B. had succeeded C. should succeed D. would have succeeded
2. If my lawyer ___ here last Saturday, he ___ me from going. (89)
A .had been; would have prevented B. had been; would prevented
C .were; would prevent D. were; would have prevented
3. Without electricity human life ___ quite different today.
A. is B. will be C. would have been D. would be
4. – if he ___, he ___ that food.
-- Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately. (93)
was warned; would not take
had been warned; would not have taken
would be warned; had not taken
would have been warned; had not taken
5. The guard at the gate insisted that everybody ___ the rules. (85)
obeys B. obey C. will obey D. would obey
6. I wish I ___ you yesterday.
A. seen B. did see C. had seen D. were to see
7. If you ___ tomorrow, I ___ treat you a big dinner.
A. are going to come; will B. were to come; would
C. were going to come; would D. will come; would
8. – Why didn’t you buy the gold ring?
-- I ___, but I didn’t have the money.
A.had bought B. bought C. would buy D. would have
9. Mother suggested that I ___ my homework first before watching TV.
did B. do C. shall do D. have done
10. My suggestion was that the meeting ___ off till next week.
to put B. be put C. should put D. be putting
11. ___ to do the work, I should do it some other way.
If were I B. I were C. Were I D. Was I
12. ___ today, he would get there by Friday.
Would he leave B. Was he leave C. Were he to leave D. If he leave
13. ___ your letter, I would have written back two days ago.
If I received B. Should I received C. Had I received D. If I could have received
14. ___, he would have passed the exam.
If he were to study hard B. If he studied hard
C. Had he studied hard D. Should he study hard
15. Should it rain, the crops ___.
A. would be saved B. would have been saved C. will be saved D. had been saved
16.The teacher demanded that the exam ___ before 11.
A .must finish B. would be finished C. be finished D. must be finished
17. He is talking so much about America as if he ___ there.
had been B. has been C. was D. been
18. Mother insisted that the child’s hands ___ before dinner.
should wash B. be washed
C. would wash D. had washed
19. The commander ordered that the wounded ___ to hospital right away.
A. to be sent B. be sent C. send D. should send
20. It is important that we ___ wild animals.
A.will protect B. should protect
C. shall protect D. are protecting
21. ___ I be free tomorrow, I could go with you.
A. Could B. Should C. Might D. Must
22. She treated Tom as though ___ her own son.
A. he is B. he would be C. he was D. he were
23. If only I ___ my watch.
A. hadn’t lost B. haven’t lost
C. didn’t lose D. don’t lose
DADBB CBDBB CCCCA CABBB BDA
课件84张PPT。虚拟语气语气：它是动词的一种形式，表示说话人的对说话内容的看法和态度．有陈述语气，疑问语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气之分．
虚拟语气是表示说话者所说的话只是一种主观的愿望，假想，建议和要求等．它的用法如下：一．在条件状语从句中的使用．
1. 虚拟语气的考点
1、条件句中的虚拟语气的用法；
2、条件句中虚拟语气的倒装；
3、名词性从句中虚拟语气的用法；
4、几种特殊结构中虚拟语气的用法；
5、虚拟语气与陈述语气的判定。if引导的虚拟条件句区别:
If it rains tomorrow, the crops will be saved. 陈述语气 If it rained tomorrow, the crops would be saved. 虚拟语气If + 主 + did(were), 主+would/should/could/might
+动词原形If I were you, I would try it again.1. 如果我是你，我会再试一次。2.如果我有一百万美元，我会买下这架飞机。If I had one million dollars, I would buy the plane.与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句If +主 +had done sth, 主+would/should/could/might
+动词完成式（have done）If he had worked hard, he would have passed the examination.1.如果他努力学的话，他就通过这次考试。If I had married her, I would have been unhappy.2.要是当时我和她结了婚的话，那我是很不幸的。与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句(通常有时间状语)If he came here tomorrow, I would tell him about it.If he were to come here tomorrow, I would tell him.1.如果他明天来的话,我会告诉他这件事.2.如果他明天来的话,我会告诉他.If + 主 + did(were to /should do), 主+would/should/
could/might +动词原形If you __________tomorrow, you _________
find the new manager working in the office. A. should come; would B. would come; would
C. will come; should D. comes; mightIf the parents ______at the hospital earlier after
the accident, the child would have been saved.A. arrives B. arrive
C. had arrived D. has arrivedIf he _________he ___________that food. Luckily he was sent to the hospital
immediately.A. was warned; would not have taken
B. had been warned; would not have taken
C. would be warned; had not taken
D. would have been warned; had not takenI didn’t see your sister at the meeting. If she
__________, she would have met my brother.A. has come B. did come C. came D. had come If my lawyer _______here last Sunday, he _______
me from going .A. had been; would have prevented
B. had been; would prevent
C. were; would prevent
D. were; would have prevented倒装的If虚拟句
条件状语的倒装：如果条件状语中有were, had, should时, 可以倒装成：Were / Should / Had +主+其他Were I you, I would try it again. Had he been there yesterday, he would have seen the film. Should it snow tomorrow, we wouldn’t go out. If I were you, I would try it again.If he had been there yesterday, he would have seen the film.If it should snow tomorrow, we wouldn’t go out._______the exam, he would have attended a college.A. If he passed B. Had he passed
C. Were he passed D. If he should pass_______five minutes earlier, you could have seen
them off.A. If you should arrive B. If you arrive
C. Had you arrived D. Should you arrive ________it rain tomorrow, we should have to put
off the visit to the Science Museum.A. Were B. should C. would D. willwish引导的虚拟句I wish I remembered the address.我要是记得地址就好了。（真可惜我忘了）How I wish he had not left.要是他没有离开这里就好了。（他已离开）I wish it would rain tomorrow.要是明天下雨就好了。（说话人以预料明天不会下雨）wish + that
How I wish
If onlydid/were 现在had done 过去would / might /would do 将来5. If only
(1) …要是就好了 = I wish
If only I knew his name now!
If only we had followed your advice last time!
If only I could see him again next year!要是我们的父母能和我们住在一起就好了。If only our parents could live with us!If only I hadn’t missed the train!要是我没错过火车就好了.Exercises:“ Have you visited the Science Museum?”
“ No, but I really wish I _______.” A. had B. did C. have D. willI didn’t go to the party, but I do wish I _____there.A. was B. were C. had been D. wentI wish I _________ you yesterday.A. see B. did see C. had seen D. were to see
-----He is a brave man.
-----Yes, I wish I _________his courage.A. Have B. had C. will have D. would haveTom can take his car apart and put it back together again. I certainly wish he _____me how.A. teaches B. will teach
C. has taught D. would teachThe picture exhibition bored me to death. I wish I
___________to it.A. hadn’t gone B. haven’t gone
C. didn’t go D. could not have goneHow I wish I __________that! Everybody present
was angry with me.A. didn’t go B. hadn’t done
C. wouldn’t do D. wasn’t doing as if /though 区别： {He speaks English as if/ though he is from the USA. 陈述语气He speaks English as if/ though he were
from the USA. 虚拟语气2. as if /though + Clause现在：
过去：
将来 :did /were(现在)had done(过去)She loves the baby as if it were her own son.
He speaks as if he had been to the United States. would+动词原形(将来)混合(错综)条件句如果我是你，我就听从他的建议。If I were you, I would have taken his advice.从句表示现在，主句表示过去如果你听我的话，现在就不会这么糟糕了。从句表示过去，主句表示现在如果这些天一直没下雨，我们现在可以进行工作了。从句表过去进行，主句表现在进行If you had listened to me, you might not be in such trouble now.If it hadn’t been raining those days, we should be going on with the works.注意:
主从句时间不一致情况下的虚拟语气(混合条件句):
有时条件从句中的动作和结果与主句中的动作，发生的时间不一致，这时动作的形式应根据它所表示的时间加以调整。 If you had followed my advice, you would be able to finish the work now.
如果你当时听了我的话，现在就能完成这份工作了。
（从句说明过去，主句说明现在。）
If I were you, I would have gone to her birthday party.
如果我是你，我就去参加她的生日晚会了。（从句说明现在，主句说明过去。） If you hadn’t lent me some money,
I couldn’t have bought the new house and most likely I would be still living in the dangerous house now.
假若你不借钱给我， 我不可能买下这幢新房，很可能现在还住在危房里。
（从句说明过去，主句说明过去和现在。）
名词性从句中要求用虚拟语气的动词 suggest, order, demand, propose, command,
request, desire, insist, require, advice etc.引
导的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，以(should) + v
原的形式出现。 We all suggest that he ( should ) finish his
homework first. The captain commanded that all the sailors
( should ) get down to work at once.It’s suggested ( ordered, demanded, proposed,
commanded, requested, desired, insisted,
required ) that … 后面的主语从句中要使用
虚拟语气，也以 ( should )+ v原.的形式出
现。 It’s ordered that only German ( should ) be
taught at schools in Alsas and Lorin. It’s requested that all the students ( should )
wear school uniforms at school. 以上这些动词的名词形式后面的表语从句
和同位语从句中也要用虚拟语气，也应以
(should) + v原. 的形式出现。 My suggestion is that you ( should ) go home
first before coming here. His request that his cost ( should ) be paid
by the hour is completely reasonable.The order came that the work (should) be finished two days ahead of time My advice is that you (should) practise speaking English as often as possible 注意:当suggest 表示“暗示”;insist表示“坚持认为”时不用虚拟！His accent suggests he comes from Hunan.I insist that he was wrongHis silence suggested that he agreed with my decision He insists that doing morning exercises does good to people’s health. 虚拟语气特殊句型：1. would rather that现在：
过去：
未来：过去时过去完成时过去时I would rather you paid me now.I would rather you had gone, too.Don’t come. I would rather you came tomorrow.注意: 在主语＋would (had) rather ＋that 宾语从句中，从句谓语一般用过去式表示虚拟形式。例如:我真希望你告诉我真相。 I’d rather you told me the truth. 我宁愿不再见着你。 I’d rather I didn’t see you again. 我倒希望他们和我一起去。I would rather they went with me.(1) 对现在的虚拟,谓语动词用过去时 (系动词用were),意指主从句谓语表示的动词同时发生.例如:他看起来好象病了.He looks as if he were ill.他感到他应该独自对发生的 事情承担责任.He felt as if he alone were responsible for what had happened.(2) 对过去的虚拟谓语动词使用had+过去分词, 意指从句谓语动词发生在主句谓语动词之前.例如:她英语说的很好就象是在英国学习的一样.She spoke English well as if she had studied English in England.我记得整件事情就象是昨天发生的一样.I remember the whole thing as if it had happened yesterday.(3) 对未来的虚拟谓语动词使用would+动词原形, 意指从句谓语动词发生在主句谓语动词之后. 例如:史密斯太太哭得心都快碎了.Mrs. Smith sobbed as if her heart would break.When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it
looks as if it __________.A. breaks B. has broken
C. were broken D. had been brokenThe actor is 58 years old. But he acts as if he _______ a young man.A. is B. will be C. am D. wereThe clouds are getting darker and darker. It looks as if it _______rain.A. is going to B. will
C. was going to D. would注意：如果表示的事情可能会发生，那么状语从句中的谓语动词可用陈述语气。It looks as if you are tired.3. It’s (about/high) time +that ---过去时should +V.你该走了。It’s high time that you went.
It’s high time that you were going.
It’s high time that you should go.我们该去睡觉了。It’s time that we went to bed.
It’s time that we should go to bed. 4. without和but for 构成虚拟。but for要不是
Without sunlight, people’s life would be different from today.
But for your help, I wouldn’t have finished the work.
Without your help, I would have failed.
But for water, it would be impossible to live in the desert.5. If only
(1) …要是就好了 = I wish
If only I knew his name!
If only we had followed your advice!
If only I could see him again!要是我们的父母能和我们住在一起就好了。
要是我没错过火车就好了！If only our parents could live with us!If only I hadn’t missed the train!(2) = as long as 常用陈述语气.
如果我们紧密团结就一定能战胜一切困难.
We can surely overcome these difficulties if only we are closely united.6. It’s necessary /strange/ natural/ important + that---Clause 从句中的动词要用虚拟，
即（should）+动词原形It is important that we ( should ) master a foreign language.
It is strange that she refuse to come to the party.
It’s necessary that we should study hard.7. otherwise 和supposing也可以引导虚拟语气。例如：The storm stopped, otherwise the sailors would have fallen into the sea.I’m getting cold, otherwise I would keep her.Suppose(supposing) your friends knew how you are behaving here, what would they think?8. so that 与in order that
二者引导的目的状语从句谓语部分应该用may /might/can /could /etc.+动词原形
She stayed at home for a few days so that she might have more time to study it.
She listened carefully in order that she minght discover exactly what he wanted.
He went to the station in a taxi so that he should not miss the train.9.用 “may+动词原形”表示祝愿，但愿，此时may须置于句首 May good luck be yours!祝你好运！ May you be happy!祝你快乐！ May you do even better!祝你取得更大成就
Long live the people! 人民万岁！ “God bless you,” said the priest.牧师说：“愿上帝保佑你！” 含蓄条件句 非真实条件句中的条件从句有时不表出来，只暗含在上下文中，这种句子叫做含蓄条件句。含蓄条件句大体有三种情况: 1. 条件暗含在短语中。如： W hat would I have done without you?
(条件暗含在分词短语without you中) It would be easier to do it this way.
(条件暗含在不定式短语to do it this way 中) But for your help we couldn’t have succeeded in the experiment.
(暗含条件是but for your help) This same thing, happening in wartime, would lead to a disaster.
(条件暗含在分词短语happening in wartime中) He must have the strength of a hippopotamus, or he never could have vanquished that great beast.
(暗含条件是连词or) Alone, he would have been terrified.
(暗含条件是alone) 2. 条件暗含在上下文中。如： You might stay here forever.
(可能暗含if you wanted to)
We would have succeeded.
(可能暗含if we had kept trying)
Your reputation would be ruined.
(可能暗含if you should accept it)
I would appreciate a little of your time.
(可能暗含if you were so kind as to give me a little of your time) 3. 在不少情况下，虚拟式已变成习惯说法，很难找出其暗含的条件。如： You wouldn’t know. 你不会知道。
I would like to come. 我愿意来。
I wouldn’t have dreamed of it.
这是我做梦也不会想到的。
He told the story in such minute detail that he might himself have been an eye-witness.
他将那事讲的非常仔细，简直就象他亲眼看见一样 1 He suggested that the meeting ?????????put off. A. not be???? B. should not??
C. wouldn’t??????? D. be not ??2 It is strange that he ?????????so. ?? A. thinks?? B. think?????????
C.thought??????? D. will think 3 I wish I ?????????my uncle yesterday. ?? A. met???????? B. have met??
C. would meet??? D. had met 4 The old professor gave orders that the experiment ?????????before 6. A. was finished?? B. will finish?
C. be finished??? D. shall be finished 5. She says she’d rather he ____tomorrow instead of today.
A. had B. should leave
C. leaves D. left
6. It’s already 5 o’clock now. Don’t you think it’s about time____ ?
A. we are going home
B. if she leaves C. we went home
D. if she had left 7 It’s high time he ?????????home. ?? A. goes??? B. went???????
C. will go?????? D. is going to go 8 ?????????you succeed and ?????????you be healthy. ?? A. May…may? B. Wish…wish?
C. Hope…hope??????D. Should…may 9 Galileo insisted that the earth ?????????round the sun. ?? A. should move? B. move?
C. moves????? D. A or B10 If only I ____?to my parents’ advice! ?? A. listening??????????B. listen????????????????????????
C. am listening?????D. had listened 11 ---Why didn’t you come to the party yesterday? ??? ---I ____?, but an unexpected visitor came to see me. ?? A. did?????????????????????B. would??????????????????
C. had????????????????????D. was going to 12 I’d rather you ____?me the news. ?? A. not tell?????????????B. not to tell?????????????????
C. didn’t tell?????????D. hadn’t told 1. The boy who went swimming in the No-
swimming Zone drowned in the river. If the boy hadn’t gone swimming in
the No-swimming Zone, he wouldn’t have
drowned in the river. Had the boy not gone swimming in the
No-swimming Zone, he wouldn’t have
drowned in the river.2. Billy was badly bitten by mosquitoes
because he forgot to use the mosquito net
last night. If Billy had remembered to use the mosquito
net last night, he would not have been bitten by… Had Billy remembered to use the mosquito
net last night, he would not have been bitten by…3. The mother carelessly put the knife within
the baby’s reach, and the baby cut herself
while playing it. If the mother had carefully put the knife
out of the baby’s reach, the baby wouldn’t
have cut herself. Had the mother carefully put the knife
out of the baby’s reach, the baby wouldn’t
have cut herself.4.The students got food-poisoning after eating
the potatoes in the dining-room. If the students had not eaten the potatoes
in the dinning-room, they wouldn’t have got
food-poisoning. Had the students not eaten the potatoes
in the dinning-room, they wouldn’t have got
food-poisoning.5. The parents put the thermos on the ground.
Their son kicked it and got burnt. If the parents had put the thermos in a
safe place, their son wouldn’t have kicked it
and got burnt. Had the parents put the thermos in a safe
place, their son wouldn’t have kicked it and
got burnt.If there _____(be) no computer, the students _______ (learn) much.如果没有电脑，学生们就学不到很多知识。werecouldn’t 如果我是只小鸟，我就会在天上飞翔。If I ______(be) a bird, I _______ (fly) in the skywerewould fly没有下雨的话，花儿会死的。________ the rain, the flowers_______(die).Without would die如果战争没有爆发，他们就会过上幸福的生活。If there ____________(not be) the war, people _______________(live) a happier lifehad not beenwould have lived如果我买了这些项链，我将会一无所有。1. If I ___________ (buy) the necklaces now, I ___________(be) penniless.2. If I ___________ (buy) the necklaces last year, I ________________(be) penniless.boughtwould behad boughtwould have been如果你昨天来的话，你就可以看到刘先生了。If you __________(come) yesterday, you _____________(see) Liu Dehua. had comewould have seen如果你要去参加英语角的话，你的英语口语一定会得到提高attended
were to attend should attendcould becomeHow I wish I ________(be) in Beijing now.wereBut for the PLA, people ___________(suffer) a lot. would have sufferedIf only I ________ (fly) to the moon.could flyHe suggested that I __________(go) to play football.should goI would rather there ________(not be) so many cars.weren’tIf he _____________(drive) his car so fast, the accident __________________ (happen).hadn’t drivenwouldn’t have happenedIf she had worked harder, she ___. (86)
A. would succeed B. had succeeded
C. should succeed D. would have succeeded
2. If my lawyer ___ here last Saturday, he ___ me from going. (89)
had been; would have prevented
had been; would prevented
were; would prevent
were; would have prevented
3. Without electricity human life ___ quite different today.
A. is B. will be C. would have been D. would be4. – if he ___, he ___ that food.
-- Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately. (93)
was warned; would not take
had been warned; would not have taken
would be warned; had not taken
would have been warned; had not taken
5. The guard at the gate insisted that everybody ___ the rules. (85)
obeys B. obey C. will obey D. would obey
6. I wish I ___ you yesterday.
A. seen B. did see C. had seen D. were to see7. If you ___ tomorrow, I ___ treat you a big dinner.
A. are going to come; will B. were to come; would
C. were going to come; would D. will come; would
8. – Why didn’t you buy the gold ring?
-- I ___, but I didn’t have the money.
had bought B. bought
C. would buy D. would have9. Mother suggested that I ___ my homework first before watching TV.
did B. do C. shall do D. have done
10. My suggestion was that the meeting ___ off till next week.
to put B. be put C. should put D. be putting
11. ___ to do the work, I should do it some other way.
If were I B. I were C. Were I D. Was I
12. ___ today, he would get there by Friday.
Would he leave B. Was he leave
C. Were he to leave D. If he leave13. ___ your letter, I would have written back two days ago.
If I received B. Should I received
C. Had I received D. If I could have received
14. ___, he would have passed the exam.
If he were to study hard B. If he studied hard
C. Had he studied hard D. Should he study hard
15. Should it rain, the crops ___.
would be saved B. would have been saved
C. will be saved D. had been saved 16.The teacher demanded that the exam ___ before 11.
must finish B. would be finished
C. be finished D. must be finished
17. He is talking so much about America as if he ___ there.
had been B. has been C. was D. been
18. Mother insisted that the child’s hands ___ before dinner.
should wash B. be washed
C. would wash D. had washed
19. The commander ordered that the wounded ___ to hospital right away.
A. to be sent B. be sent C. send D. should send20. It is important that we ___ wild animals.
A.will protect B. should protect
C. shall protect D. are protecting
21. ___ I be free tomorrow, I could go with you.
A. Could B. Should C. Might D. Must
22. She treated Tom as though ___ her own son.
A. he is B. he would be C. he was D. he were
23. If only I ___ my watch.
A. hadn’t lost B. haven’t lost
C. didn’t lose D. don’t lose
