非谓语[上学期]
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课件18张PPT。 Grammar 非谓语动词
非谓语动词功能比较
to do的复合结构
-ing form的复合结构
非谓语动词的否定式
-ing form 与 pp 的区别
by liu xiaoyu
`非谓语动词功能比较eg.I like skating,but I don’t like to skate today.
Playing with fire is dangerous.
Look out！To play with fire is dangerous.eg.There is no joking about such matters.主语、表语、宾语1. to do 表示具体的动作，-ing form表示泛指的动作。
2.“there is no +主语”句型中，多用-ing form.eg.He attends the meeting being held in the room now.
He attended the meeting held yesterday.
He will attend the meeting to be held tomorrow.2.表示被修饰词的内容时， 用to do.eg.She has a strong wish to go to college.1.从时态上看，-ing form表示正在进行的动作
pp表示已经完成的动作，to do表示将来的动作。
定语
eg. I found him cooking supper.
I found supper cooked when I got home.
It is true — I saw Henry cook supper.-ing form与宾语为主动关系，强调动作正在进行；
pp与宾语为被动关系，强调动作已经完成；
to do只单纯表示一个事实，强调动作的全过程。
补语作状语时的区别：-ing form,pp表示时间、原因、条件、方式、伴随情况等等,
eg.they worked hard to pay for the necklace.
I went to see him only to find him out.
I am glad to see you.to do表示1.目的;
2.结果—表示出人预料的情况或结果。常用only强调。
3.原因—表示造成情感变化的原因。
目的结果原因非谓语动词的否定形式Not + to do / -ing formHe decided not to do it.
She wished never to see him again.
I fancy it has done you a lot of good not going.
Not seeing John,I asked where he was.
Not having done it right, I tried again.-ing form 与 pp 的区别-ing form表示主动，正在进行,pp表示被动，已经完成作表语时或定语时，-ing form表示“令人” ,pp表示“感到”，常见的有下列感官动词：move ,surprise,astonish,delight,comfort,disappoint,puzzle,frighten
下列表示关系的词用ED
Seated in(on)坐在 located坐落
stationed驻防 dressed 打扮
hidden 藏在related关系1.He was hidden under the desk. 2.Dressed like a lawyer, she came to the court. 3.Stationed in Hongkong, a group of PLA men followed HongKong customs. 4.Seated at the back of the classroom,he listened to the teacher carefully. 5.Located on the seashore, the building looks pretty.1.The story was ___,we were all ____.
A.moving,moving B.moved,moved
C.moving,moved D.moved,moving
2.There is a ___ expression on his face.Maybe the
problem is too difficult for him.
A.puzzled B.puzzling C.puzzle D.to puzzle
3.With his son too___, the father was sad.
A.disappointed B.disappointing
1.I could feel the wind _ on my face from an open window.
A.to blow B.blowing C.blown D.to be blowing
2.We’ll meet Mr.Black,___ as a famous scientist.
A.knowing B.to be known C.known D.being known
3.___ more time, we could do it better.
A.Giving B.To give C.Given D.To be given
4.A young man __ novels came to us yesterday.
A.to write B.writing C.written D.wrote
5.All the things_,his proposal is of greater value than yours.
A.considered B.considering C.consider D.to consider
6.__Sunday, the students are at home.
A.Being B.To be C.It is D.It being.ing form的复合结构1.形容词性物主代词/名词所有格+ing form
2.代词宾格/名词+ing form
↗主语
→表语
↘宾语→宾语
1.Do you mind opening the door?
2.Going there saved us a good deal of trouble.
3.Being late again made the teacher angry.→Do you mind me/my opening …→Tom’s going there saved us a good …→His being late again made…说出-ing form动作的执行者时，须用复合结构1.Sarah,hurry up.I am afraid you won’t have time to __ before the party.
A get changed B get change
C get changing D get to change
2.when first _to the market,these products enjoyed great success.
A introducing B introduced
C introduce D being introduced
3.”We cannot go out in this weather” said Bob,__ out of window.
A looking B to look C looked D having looked
4.Helen had to shout __ above the sound of the music.
A making herself hear B to make herself hear
C making herself heard D to make herself heard
5.Reading is an experience quite different from watching TV,there are pictures __ in your mind instead of before your eyes.
A to form B form C forming D having formed
6.Alice returned from the manager’s office __ me that the boss wanted to see me at once.
A having told B tells C to tell D telling7.It shames me to say it, but I told a lie when __ at the meeting by my boss.
A questioning B having questioned
C questioned D to be questioned
8.My advisor encouraged __ a summer course to improve my writing skills.
A for me taking B me taking
C for me take C me to take
9.He looked around and caught a man__ his hand into the pocket of a passenger.
A put B to be putting C to put D putting10.According to a recent US survey,children spend up to 25 hours a week__TV.
A to watch B to watching
C watching D watch
11.The flowers__ sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature.
A to smell B smelling
C smelt D to be smelt12.Don’t leave the water __ while you brush your teeth.
A run B running
C being run D to run
13.Laws that punish parents for their little children’s actions against the laws get parents___.
A worried B to worry
C worrying D worry
非谓语动词功能比较
to do的复合结构
-ing form的复合结构
非谓语动词的否定式
-ing form 与 pp 的区别
by liu xiaoyu
`非谓语动词功能比较eg.I like skating,but I don’t like to skate today.
Playing with fire is dangerous.
Look out！To play with fire is dangerous.eg.There is no joking about such matters.主语、表语、宾语1. to do 表示具体的动作，-ing form表示泛指的动作。
2.“there is no +主语”句型中，多用-ing form.eg.He attends the meeting being held in the room now.
He attended the meeting held yesterday.
He will attend the meeting to be held tomorrow.2.表示被修饰词的内容时， 用to do.eg.She has a strong wish to go to college.1.从时态上看，-ing form表示正在进行的动作
pp表示已经完成的动作，to do表示将来的动作。
定语
eg. I found him cooking supper.
I found supper cooked when I got home.
It is true — I saw Henry cook supper.-ing form与宾语为主动关系，强调动作正在进行；
pp与宾语为被动关系，强调动作已经完成；
to do只单纯表示一个事实，强调动作的全过程。
补语作状语时的区别：-ing form,pp表示时间、原因、条件、方式、伴随情况等等,
eg.they worked hard to pay for the necklace.
I went to see him only to find him out.
I am glad to see you.to do表示1.目的;
2.结果—表示出人预料的情况或结果。常用only强调。
3.原因—表示造成情感变化的原因。
目的结果原因非谓语动词的否定形式Not + to do / -ing formHe decided not to do it.
She wished never to see him again.
I fancy it has done you a lot of good not going.
Not seeing John,I asked where he was.
Not having done it right, I tried again.-ing form 与 pp 的区别-ing form表示主动，正在进行,pp表示被动，已经完成作表语时或定语时，-ing form表示“令人” ,pp表示“感到”，常见的有下列感官动词：move ,surprise,astonish,delight,comfort,disappoint,puzzle,frighten
下列表示关系的词用ED
Seated in(on)坐在 located坐落
stationed驻防 dressed 打扮
hidden 藏在related关系1.He was hidden under the desk. 2.Dressed like a lawyer, she came to the court. 3.Stationed in Hongkong, a group of PLA men followed HongKong customs. 4.Seated at the back of the classroom,he listened to the teacher carefully. 5.Located on the seashore, the building looks pretty.1.The story was ___,we were all ____.
A.moving,moving B.moved,moved
C.moving,moved D.moved,moving
2.There is a ___ expression on his face.Maybe the
problem is too difficult for him.
A.puzzled B.puzzling C.puzzle D.to puzzle
3.With his son too___, the father was sad.
A.disappointed B.disappointing
1.I could feel the wind _ on my face from an open window.
A.to blow B.blowing C.blown D.to be blowing
2.We’ll meet Mr.Black,___ as a famous scientist.
A.knowing B.to be known C.known D.being known
3.___ more time, we could do it better.
A.Giving B.To give C.Given D.To be given
4.A young man __ novels came to us yesterday.
A.to write B.writing C.written D.wrote
5.All the things_,his proposal is of greater value than yours.
A.considered B.considering C.consider D.to consider
6.__Sunday, the students are at home.
A.Being B.To be C.It is D.It being.ing form的复合结构1.形容词性物主代词/名词所有格+ing form
2.代词宾格/名词+ing form
↗主语
→表语
↘宾语→宾语
1.Do you mind opening the door?
2.Going there saved us a good deal of trouble.
3.Being late again made the teacher angry.→Do you mind me/my opening …→Tom’s going there saved us a good …→His being late again made…说出-ing form动作的执行者时，须用复合结构1.Sarah,hurry up.I am afraid you won’t have time to __ before the party.
A get changed B get change
C get changing D get to change
2.when first _to the market,these products enjoyed great success.
A introducing B introduced
C introduce D being introduced
3.”We cannot go out in this weather” said Bob,__ out of window.
A looking B to look C looked D having looked
4.Helen had to shout __ above the sound of the music.
A making herself hear B to make herself hear
C making herself heard D to make herself heard
5.Reading is an experience quite different from watching TV,there are pictures __ in your mind instead of before your eyes.
A to form B form C forming D having formed
6.Alice returned from the manager’s office __ me that the boss wanted to see me at once.
A having told B tells C to tell D telling7.It shames me to say it, but I told a lie when __ at the meeting by my boss.
A questioning B having questioned
C questioned D to be questioned
8.My advisor encouraged __ a summer course to improve my writing skills.
A for me taking B me taking
C for me take C me to take
9.He looked around and caught a man__ his hand into the pocket of a passenger.
A put B to be putting C to put D putting10.According to a recent US survey,children spend up to 25 hours a week__TV.
A to watch B to watching
C watching D watch
11.The flowers__ sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature.
A to smell B smelling
C smelt D to be smelt12.Don’t leave the water __ while you brush your teeth.
A run B running
C being run D to run
13.Laws that punish parents for their little children’s actions against the laws get parents___.
A worried B to worry
C worrying D worry