课件44张PPT。Grammar & UsageSubjunctive Mood
虚拟语气Revision虚拟语气?
1） 概念 虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。2） 在条件句中的应用 条件句可分为两类，一类为真实条件句，一类为非真实条件句。非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况，故采用虚拟语气。
在条件状语从句和结果状语从句中,表示与事实相反的条件和结果。
1) 与现在事实相反：
If 主语 …, 主语 +V原
2)与过去事实相反：
If 主语 ,主语 +have Ve
3)与将来事实相反：
If 主语 …, 主语 +V原were
V-edshould (would
could, might)should (would
could, might)should
were toshould (would
could, might)had Ved 虚拟语气假设条件句型注意点：1.假设条件从句谓语动词发生的时间与主句所假设的谓语动词不一致，叫做错综条件虚拟语气。主句和从句的谓语动词要依照假设的时间而顶。
If the weather had been finer, the crops would be growing still better.
If you had followed the teacher’s advice, you wouldn’t be in the hospital.2.假设条件虚拟倒装。 条件从句中有should， were， had三个助动词可以把if省略，并将这三个词提至句首。
If I were you, I would give it up.
Were I you, I would give it up.
If it were not for your advice, we couldn’t have got over the difficulties.
Were it not for your advice, we couldn’t have got over the difficulties.If I had had time, I would have run round that lake again.
Had I had time, I would have run round that lake again.
If there should be a flood, what should we do?
Should there be a flood, what should we do?注意： 在虚拟语气的从句中，动词'be'的过去时态一律用"were"，不用was， 即在从句中be用were代替。If I were you, I would go to look for him. 如果我是你，就会去找他。If he were here, everything would be all right. 如果他在这儿，一切都会好的。典型例题 _____ to do the work, I should do it some other day. A. If were IB. I were C. Were I D. Was I 在虚拟条件状语中如果有were, should, had这三个词主语提前, 变成 were, should, had +主语的形式。但要注意，在虚拟条件状语从句中，省略连词的倒装形式的句首不能用动词的缩略形式。如我们可说 Were I not to do., 而不能说 Weren't I to do.Had you listened to the doctor, you _________ all
right now.
A. are B. were
C. would be D. would have been
2. __________ any change about the date, please tell me
immediately.
A. Will there be B. Should there be
C. There will be D. There should be
3. __________ today, he would get there by Friday.
A. Would he leave B. Was he leaving
C. Were he to leave D. If he leavePractise:4. Should it rain, the crops _____ .
A. would be saved B. would have been saved
C. will be saved D. had been saved
5. You _____ come earlier. The bus left a
moment ago.
A.would B. should have
C. may D. have
6. What should we do if it _____ tomorrow?
A. should snow B. would snow
C. snow D. will snow7. You _____ such a serious mistake if you had
followed his advice.
A. may not make B. might not make
C. shouldn’t have made D. might not have made
8. If it were not for the fact that you _____ ill, I
would ask you to do this right now.
A. were B. had been
C. are D. should be1) 如果你没有开着窗户睡觉的话,你就不会感冒了。
2) 要不是明天有测验我今天晚上就去听音乐会。
3) 如果他在这儿的话，他会帮我们的。
If you had not slept with the window open,you would not have caught a cold.If I were not to have a test, I would go to the concert tonight.If he were here, he should help us.1.We use mixed conditionals when the main
clause and the if-clause are about different
tenses.
Eg. If you had come and attended the meeting
yesterday, you would know what we are doing
now.
If you had followed my advice, you
would not be in trouble now.Answers
A (1) had not studied
(3) had studied
(5) knew
(7) could helpPart A(2) would not be(4) would have(6) would be(8) would not be
2.use otherwise, or and phrases beginning with with, without and but for to replace an if-clause in implied conditionals Without air , there would be no living things.
But for your help , I couldn’t have done it.
I was busy that day. Otherwise I would have gone there with them.
(If I hadn’t been busy that day, I would have gone there with them.)
I would have finished the work, but I have been ill.
(If I hadn’t been ill, I would have finished the work.)(If there were not air)(If it hadn’t been for your help)3.In adverbial clauses introduced by even if, as if, as though and if only we can use unreal conditionals.即使生了病，他也去办公室。
Even if he had been ill, he would have gone t his office.
他那样对待我，好像我是陌生人似的。
He treated me as if I were a stranger.
她谈论那部影片，就好像她确实看过一样。
She talked about the film as if she had really seen it.
Answers
(1) Without
(3) otherwise/or
(5)With
(7) even if
(9) If onlyPart B(2) otherwise/or(4) wish(6) Without(8) without(10) as if虚拟语气特殊句型：wish/if only
现在：
过去：
未来：did（were）had donewould do I wish I were a bird.（现在）
I wish I hadn’t made such a mistake.（过去）
We wish our parents wouldn’t punish us.
（将来）
If only I knew his name!
If only we had followed your advice!
If only I could see him again!要是我们的父母能和我们住在一起就好了。
要是我没错过火车就好了！If only our parents could live with us!If only I hadn’t missed the train! I wish I were as tall as you. 我希望和你一样高。 He wished he hadn‘t said that. 他希望他没讲那样的话。 I wish it would rain tomorrow. 我希望明下雨就好了。2）wish to do表达法。 wish sb / sth to do I wish to see the manager.
= I want to see the manager. I wish the manager to be informed at once.
= I want the manager to be informed at once.2. would rather that现在：
过去：
未来：I would rather you paid me now.
I would rather you had gone, too.Don’t come. I would rather you came tomorrow.diddidhad done3.It’s (about/high) time +that should dodid你该走了。我们该去
睡觉了。It’s high time that you went.
It’s high time that you were going.
It’s high time that you should go.It’s time that we went to bed.
It’s time that we should go to bed. 4.表示要求，命令，建议的虚拟语气。宾语从句。常见动词： 一个坚持，两个命令，三个建议，四个要求。即
1.insist 2. order, command
3. advise, suggest, propose
4. demand , require, request, desire
这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气用法。即从句中的动词 使用should + 动词原形，或者将should省略。我们建议Tom 去休息一下。
他坚决要求我到场。
国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑。
他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作。We suggested that Tom have a rest.He insisted that I (should )be present.The king ordered that the prisoners be killed the next day.They requested that we (should) send them to work there.I suggest that we (should) hold a meeting next week. He insisted that he (should ) be sent there.注意： 如suggest, insist不表示"建议" 或"坚持要某人做某事时"，即它们用于其本意"暗示、表明"、"坚持认为"时，宾语从句用陈述语气。1.The guard at gate insisted that everybody ____(obey)the rules.
2.He insisted that she______(be)seriously ill and that _________(send) to hospitals at once.
3.He suggested that we________(have) a meeting at once.
4.His pale face suggested that he______(be) ill.obeywasbe senthavewas以上动词相应的名词构成的名词性从句包括主语从句，表语从句和同位语也要使用虚拟语气。从句中的动词形式一样。
order, advice, suggestion, proposal, demand, request, desire高考链接1.(NMET 06)
Eliza remembers everything exactly as if it ____________ yesterday.
A. was happening B. happens C. has happened D. happened
2. (05江苏)
---Don’t you think it necessary that he ________ to Miami but to New York?
---I agree, but the problem is ________he has refused to.
A. will not be sent; that B. not be sent; that
C. should not be sent; what D. should not send; what
3. (05湖北)
If I ________plan to do anything I wanted to, I’d like to go to Tibet and travel through as much of it as possible.
A. would B. could C. had to D. ought to
It’s suggested that the plan be carried out.
My demand is that she should come to see me once a week.
All of us are for the advice that the chemical factory should be closed down.5. It’s necessary /strange/ natural/ important + that---Clause 从句中的动词要用虚拟，即（should）+动词原形It is important that we ( should ) master a foreign language.
It is strange that she refuse to come to the party.
It’s necessary that we should study hard.6. 某些简单句的固定句型：
Heaven help him!
God bless you!
May you succeed!
Long live the People’s Republic of China!高考链接1.(NMET 06)
Eliza remembers everything exactly as if it ____________ yesterday.
A. was happening B. happens C. has happened D. happened
2. (05江苏)
---Don’t you think it necessary that he ________ to Miami but to New York?
---I agree, but the problem is ________he has refused to.
A. will not be sent; that B. not be sent; that
C. should not be sent; what D. should not send; what
3. (05湖北)
If I _____plan to do anything I wanted to, I’d like to go to Tibet and travel through as much of it as possible.
A. would B. could C. had to D. ought to
ConsolidationConsolidationConsolidationConsolidationMultiple choice:
1. We demanded that we __________ of any change in the plan.
? A. informed??? B. would be informed??? ?
??? C. be informed??? ?? D. had been informed
2. It’s necessary that he _________ a recognized qualification.
? A. has????????? ?B.have? ????
C. had?????? ???? ? D. having
3. It's high time we ____________ our attention to this problem.
? A. turned????? ??? B. turn????? ???????
????C. had turned? ????? ?D. would turn4. If only you __________ him what I said!? Everything would have been all right.
? A. didn't told????? B. hadn't told ????????????
?C. would not tell???? D. would have not told
5. He must have had an accident, or he____________ here then.
? A. would have been???? B. had been
C. should have been??? D. could be
6. Much labour would have been saved if the electronic computers_____________ before.
? A. had invented????? B. were invented
C. should have been invented
D. had been invented7. _____________ cease advertising, prices would be significantly reduced.
? A. Were they to??? ? B. Could they? ???
?????C. If they??? ????????? D. Would they
8. Five minutes earlier, and we ____________ the last bus.
?? A. had caught?????? B. should have caught? ?
???C. could have caught? D. caught
9. You ____________ the clothes! We have a washerwoman to do that sort of thing.
A. shouldn't have washed
B. mustn't have washed
C. can not have washed
?D. needn't have washed
10. Jean doesn't want to work right away because she thinks that if she _________ a job she probably wouldn't be able to see her friends very often.
?? A. has to get???? ??B. were to get??? ?????
?? C. had got??????? ??? ?D. could have got
11. The mad man was put in the soft-padded cell lest he _____________ himself.
?? A. injure??? ?B. had injured ?
?? C. injured?? ?D. would injure
12. It is politely requested by the hotel management that radios __________ after 11 o'clock at night.
?? A. were not played?????????B. not to play
C. not be played?????????????D. did not play13. You don't have to be in such a hurry. I would rather you _________ on business first.
?? A. would go???? ?? ? B. will go????? ??
?????C. went? ???????????? D. have gone
14. It is important that enough money ___________ to fund the project.
?? A. be collected????? B. must be collected?
C. was collected?????D. can be collected
15. If only the committee __________ the regulations and put them into effect as soon as possible.
?? A. approve???????? B. will approve? ??
? ?C. can approve???????D. would approve16. I don't think it advisable that Tom ________ to the job since he has no experience.
?? A. is assigned???? ? ?B. will be assigned ??
C. be assigned?????????? ? D. has been assigned
17. You _________ her in her office last Friday; she's been out of town for two weeks.
?? A. needn't have seen? B. must have seen?
? C. might have seen????? ??D. can't have seen
18. We didn't know his telephone number, otherwise we _________ him.
A. would have telephoned
B. must have telephoned
?? C. would telephone???????? D. had telephoned19. It is recommended that the project _________ until all the preparations have been made.
?? A. is not started??? ?? ??B. will not be started ?
C. not be started?????????D. is not to be started
20. I wish I ________ longer this morning, but I had to get up and come to class.
?? A. could have slept?? B. slept??????????
? C. might have slept??????D. have slept
21. I ________ her to the party but I didn't know her well.
?? A. ought have invited???B. would have invited
C. should invite?????? D. may have invited
22. You ________ to town to see the film last week. It will be on TV tomorrow.
? A. needn't go???? ?B. should not go??
??? C. had better not go?????D. needn't have gone23.---- Would you have called her up had it been possible?
----Yes, but I _____ busy doing my homework..
A. Was B. were C. had been D. would be
24. It was essential that the application forms ______back before the deadline
??A. must be sent???? B. would be sent??
??C. be sent???? ?????????????D. were sent
25. It is important that we ________.
A. shall close the window before we leave
B. will close the window before we leave
C. must close the window before we leave
D. close the window before we leaveII. Translation:
1.我不知道他的电话号码,否则我就打电话给他了。
I didn't know his telephone number, otherwise I would have telephoned him.
2. 他本可以给你更多的帮助，即使他很忙。
He might have given you more help, even though he was very busy.
3.---如果可能的话你会不会打电话给他？
---会的，不过我当时在忙着做家庭作业呢。
---- Would you have called her up had it been possible?
---- Yes, but I were busy doing my homework..
4．如果你昨晚没有看电影那么晚的话，你现在就不会那么困了。
If you hadn’t seen that film late last night, you wouldn't be so sleepy.
5. 没有电，今天人类的生活就完全不同了。
Without electricity, human life would be quite different todayThank you!课件37张PPT。Welcome to our class!Making an actionProject
Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) is an international medical humanitarian organisation that provides emergency medical assistance to populations in danger. MSF currently works in more than 80 countries for victims of armed conflicts, epidemics, and natural and man-made disasters. What is MSF?Organization structure
?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
Top Charter
Médecins Sans Frontières is a private international organisation. Most of its members are doctors and health workers, but many other support professions contribute to MSF's smooth functioning. ?? Where do we work?
??Every year, about 3,000 MSF volunteers from all over the world are sent to more than 80 countries to provide humanitarian and medical aid to people in need. Frequently, one of the following four situations has led to MSF’s involvement:Wars and Conflicts Refugees and Displaced People Natural or Man-made Disasters Long-Term Assistance ReadingChanging the world---my commitment A diary entry of a nurse who works for the MSFQuestions & answers (1-3 P63)2.Sometimes there is lots of fighting. There is not enough clean water.
3.She feels she is very lucky to be able to help others and do something worthwhile. She likes her job and she is happy and proud to make a difference to people’s lives on an individual level.
1.The nurse and the other members of the medical team set up feeding centers to make sure that people get food, check the health of babies to make sure that they put on weight, give vaccinations to stop children dying from measles, and set up a clinic to take care of injuries. They also have to bury the dead bodies as quickly as possible to stop disease spreading. In addition, they listen to and comfort people.
TorF 1).Although there is too much work to do, she can still afford to write her diary every day.
2). The town is in ruins, but fortunately the hospital remains in good condition and usable.
3). Before working in this island, she has never worked in poor areas. 4). There are altogether five people on the medical team ,two doctors , one nurse and two assistants.
5). She worried that malnutrition will be a problem in the future because the fields and harvest have been destroyed.
6). Several MSF staff were attacked as people tried to get the food in Sudan.What does the writer mean by the title “Changing the world—my commitment”?DiscussionExercises:Fill in the blanks with the words given in the box,using the proper form. convenience lucky pride difference give work destroy far cause act preserve. Before I came here, I once worked as an nurse in the areas, such as Sudan and Kenya, where there was no enough water. there, we usually helped people ,babies or children by setting up feeding centers, checking the health of babies or injection of vaccination to children. , the life there was full of fighting and we had to look out for bullets and from time to time moved from one place to another.
However, things are entirely here. The problem people meet here is not the lack of water but the mud and water everywhere.. It is not _________for people to travel from place to place. The water makes it hard for the cuts and wounds to heal and the fields and harvests, _________the problem of people’s malnutrition. Sometimes, when food came, people fight with each other to get it. Luckily, I can communicate with the people with the help of my good skills
Thinking of what I did and am doing, I feel so of myself because I do all I can to make a difference to people’s life on an individual level. Workingproud
givingUnluckilydifferentconvenientdestroyscausingfurtheractingLanguage PointsLooking out for bullets and running from one place to another became a way of life.(P62) 躲避枪林弹雨， 展转奔波已经成了家常便饭。
Here “looking out for bullets and running from one place to another” act as the subject of the sentence. That is, v-ing form acts as the subject.1.(03 春季上海)
___________ the meeting himself gave them a great deal of encouragement.
A. The president will attend B. The president to attend
C. The president attended D. The president’s attending
2.(02 上海)
__________ to sunlight for too much time will do harm to one’s skin.
A. Exposed B. Having exposed
C. Being exposed D. After being exposed链接高考 look out for sb/sth phrasal verb to try to notice someone or something: 小心，当心
Look out for Anna while you're there.hold v. [T] held, held
to take and keep something in your hand or arms: 抓住，握住
Can you hold the bag while I open the door?
He was holding a gun.
The little girl held her mother's hand.
He held her in his arms.
[+ object + adjective] Could you hold the door open, please?
Rosie held out an apple for the horse.
All those who agree please hold up their hand (= raise their arm).2) to support something: 支持，支撑
Will the rope be strong enough to hold my weight?
Each wheel is held on with four bolts.
3) to contain or be able to contain something: 容纳
This jug holds exactly one pint.
One bag won't hold all of the shopping - we'd better take two.4）to make something, especially a meeting or an election happen: 举办
Could we hold a meeting to discuss this tomorrow afternoon?
The election will be held on 8th of August.
5）to believe an idea or opinion: 持…观点
[+ to infinitive] Small amounts of alcohol are held to be good for the heart.
You sold it to me, so if it breaks I'll hold you responsible (= make you take responsibility).hold 常用短语：
hold back vt.
hold on vi.
hold on to vt.
hold out vt.vi.
hold up vt.
catch/get/lay/seize/take/keep hold of
lose hold of vt. 缩回，阻止；抑制（感情等）继续,持续;坚持下去;（打电话）不挂断抓住，固守伸出； 继续 ,食品等持续举起；阻止，使延误捕捉，获得松手放走；失去。。。的线索链接高考1.( 2002 NMET)
We thought of selling this old furniture, but we’ve decided to __________ it. It might be valuable.
A. hold on to B. keep up with
C. turn to D. look after
2. (06 天津)
We want to rent a bus which can 40 people for our trip to Beijing.
A. load B. hold C. fill D. supportlimit
n.
1). [C] the greatest amount, number or level of something that is either possible or allowed: 限度，限制
Is there a limit on the amount of money you can claim?
I think we ought to put a strict limit on the amount of time we can spend on the project.
There's a limit to the number of times I can stop what I'm doing just so I can help him!
We set a time limit of thirty minutes for the test.
2).[U] INFORMAL the amount of something that is enough and not too much: 极限
Three martini cocktails are my limit.I won't have any more - I know my limit!v． [T] to control something so that it is not greater than a particular amount, number or level: 限制
I've been asked to limit my speech to ten minutes maximum.
Having so little money to spend on an apartment does limit you in your choice.age limit [C]
the age at which a person is allowed or not allowed to do something: 年龄限制
the upper age limit
The lower age limit for buying cigarettes in the UK is 16.
speed limit [C] 速度限制
the fastest rate at which you are allowed to drive in a particular area:
a 50 mph speed limit
Slow down - you're breaking the speed limit.
Try not to go over the speed limit, Daniel.
time limit [C usually singular] 时间限制
the greatest length of time someone is allowed to spend doing something:
We've set a time limit of ten minutes for each child's turn on the trampoline.
There's a 30-minute time limit on Internet use in the library.
imagine
v. [T]
1) to form or have a mental picture or idea of something: 想象
Imagine Robert Redford when he was young - that's what John looks like.
[+ (that)] Imagine (that) you're eating an ice cream - try to feel how cold it is.
[+ question word] Can you imagine how it feels to be blind?
[+ ing form of verb] She imagined herself sitting in her favourite armchair back home.
They hadn't imagined (= expected) (that) it would be so difficult.
I can't imagine (= I really don't know) what he wants from us. 2） to believe that something is probably true: 认为
[+ (that)] I imagine (that) he's under a lot of pressure at the moment.
I don't imagine (that) they have much money.
"Will they change it?" "I imagine so.“
3）to think that something exists or is true, although in fact it is not real or true: 幻想
"Did you hear a noise?" "No, you're imagining things/No, you must have imagined it.“
I've never heard her criticize you - I think you imagine it.4）UK you can't imagine used to emphasize a statement:
You can't imagine what a mess the house was in after the party.
5）used to express shock or surprise, often at someone else's behaviour:
She got married at 16! Imagine that!
[+ ing form of verb] Imagine spending all that money on a coat! imaginable ?? adj.
possible to think of: 可以想象的
The school offers courses in every subject imaginable.
ice cream of every imaginable flavour
imaginary ?? adj.
describes something that is created by and exists only in the mind; that is not real: 想象中的，想象出来的
As a child I had an imaginary friend called Polly.
The story is set in an imaginary world.
imaginary fearsthink back phrasal verb
to remember something that happened in the past: 回忆
It might help you to understand Elaine if you think back to when you were her age.think习惯用语
think of 考虑；思考; (= think about)
think out 想出；想通；想透；仔细考虑 (= think over)
think through 想透
think over仔细考虑一下(指想过了, 再想
think highly[much, no end, well]of...评价极高; 重视, 赞美; 器重, 看得起
think little [nothing] of 轻视, 满不在乎; 对...毫不考虑, 毫不踌躇
think aloud 自言自语
think twice 再三考虑，三思 Making an action plan
Planning _________________
Preparing _________________
Presenting________
__________
Parts D1 and D2 on P127 in Workbook.HomeworkThank you课件64张PPT。Welcome —bringing everyone closer together The UNone dreamWhat’s your dream?Have you ever thought about doing something for these children to help them realize their dreams? Could you say something about Kofi Annan Ghana , the seventh Secretary-General of the United Nations?How much do you know UN EMBLEM AND FLAG ? The current United Nations emblem was approved on 7 December 1946. The design is "a map of the world representing an azimuthal equidistant projection centred on the North Pole, inscribed in a wreath consisting of crossed conventionalized branches of the olive tree, in gold on a field of smoke-blue with all water areas in white. The projection of the map extends to 60 degrees south latitude, and includes five concentric circles".Symbolism:
Olive branches symbolize peace. The world map depicts the area of concern to the United Nations in achieving its main purpose, peace and security. The official emblem of the United Nations in white, centered on a light blue ground.
Proportions:
Hoist (width) : Fly (length) 2:3 or 3:5 or the same proportions as the national flag of any country in which the UN flag is flown; the emblem is one half of the hoist and is entirely centered.Fast readingGo through the passage as quickly as possible and try to find answers to the three questions in part A 1 A businesswoman and a Goodwill Ambassador.
2 191 countries.
3 Countries in Africa.Detailed readingRead the speech a second time and
complete Parts C1 and C2 1 1 An international group made up of countries
that want to increase peace.
2 Honoured and happy.
3 They come from different countries that belong to the UN.
4 She mainly visits countries where the UN has programmes to help people.
5 Baskets. They sell them at the market.
6 Lack of education, lack of money, lack of food, poverty, disasters and disease.
7 Access to fresh drinking water for everyone and primary education for all children.
1 F 2 F 3 T 4 F 5 T 6 TListen to the tape and choose the best answers to the following questions: ? What occupation does Tang Ning take up in the UN?
A. The Secretary-General.
B. A Goodwill Ambassador.
C. The spoken man.
D. A clerk. How much money does she earn by doing
the job?
A. She earns a lot.
B. She volunteers. She gets no salary for the job.
C. She earns some, though not much.
D. It isn’t mentioned in the article. What project or projects has she been
involved in?
A. She helps develop the world’s education.
B. She helps deal with such problems as
poverty and disasters.
C. She visits countries where the UN has
programmes to help people.
D. She visits the poorest areas in the world.After the Second World War in October 1945(originally) 51 countries(recently) 191 countriesHelps end some of the world’s most horrible conflicts; assists the victims of wars and disasters; protects human rights; improves international laws; helps with other problems such as lack of education, lack of food, poverty, disasters and diseaseto keep international peace
to develop friendly relationships among nations
to cooperate in solving international problems and in promoting respect for human rights
to be a center for organizing the actions or work of different nations Eight goals, one of which is to ensure that fresh drinking water is available to everyone and another is that all children complete primary educationDiscussionWhat qualities should a Goodwill Ambassador have? richyounggood-lookingfamoushonesta Goodwill AmbassadorIf Tang Ning was not a successful businesswoman, do you think she would still be chosen to be a Goodwill Ambassador?DebateConsolidation Fill in the blanks with proper words according to the reading materialA: I hear that you have been chosen to be a
Goodwill(1)A______________ for the United Nations. But can you say something about the UN?
B: The UN ,having 191 members now, was actually(2)s____________up just after the World War II and it has four main purposes: to keep international peace; to develop friendly relationship among nations; to co-operate in solving international problems and in promoting respect for human rights; and to be a centre for organizing the actions or work of different (3)n___________.
A: How do you feel about being a Goodwill Ambassador for the UN?
B: I’m pleased to have been so. I will visit countries where the UN operates programmes to help people. I feel very(4)h___________ to have been able to take on this role.Ambassador set nationshonoured A: On TV, we often see soldiers with blue(5)b_________. Where do the UN soldiers come from?
B: All the soldiers come from different countries(6)b_________ to the UN. Besides wars and(7)c________ the UN helps with some other problems.
A: What are they?
B: (8)l_______of education, lack of food, poverty, disasters and disease. And the UN is trying to meet 8 development goals by 2015, for example: available (9)f_________ drinking water and complete primary education for all children.
A: How can I know more about the UN?
B: By (10)l_________ it up on the website will you know more about it.beretsbelonging conflicts lackfreshlooking
Language points I am pleased to have this chance today to talk to you about the United Nations or the UN, as it is more often referred to.(P50) As I said in my last letter, I’m taking the exam in July.
David, as you know, is a photographer.(06天津)
The Beatles, ________many of you are old enough to remember, came from Liverpool.
A. what B. that C. how D. as链接高考refer to sb/sth
A）to talk or write about someone or something, especially briefly: 涉及，提到
In her autobiography she occasionally refers to her unhappy schooldays.
He always refers to the house as his "refuge".
The new salary scale only refers to company managers and directors.
B）refer sb to sth phrasal verb to direct someone or something to a different place or person for information, help or action, often to a person or group with more knowledge or power:托付，交付
My doctor referred me to a hospital specialist.
The High Court has referred the case to the Court of Appeal.
C）refer (sb) to sth phrasal verb to look at, or tell someone else to look at, a book or similar record in order to find information and help:参考
She spoke for an hour without once referring to her notes.
He referred to a history book to find out the dates of the French Revolution.
The reader is constantly referred back to the introduction. 1.(06 天津)
Most of us know we should cut down on fat, but knowing such things isn’t much help when it______ shopping and eating.
A. refers to B. speaks of
C. focuses on D. comes to
2. (05浙江)
The president spoke at the business meeting for nearly an hour without ________his notes.
A. bringing up B. referring to
C. looking for D. trying on链接高考honor
? A). n. [U] a quality that combines respect, pride and honesty:荣誉,荣耀
a man of honour
We fought for the honour of our country.
in honour of sb/sth in order to celebrate or show great respect for someone or something:为了纪念……;为了表示对……的敬意
a banquet in honour of the president
[C] a reward, prize or title that publicly expresses admiration or respect:荣耀的人或事; 荣幸
She received an honour for her services to the community.
He was buried with full military honours (= with a special celebration to show respect).
It’s a great honour to be invited.
[sing] a person or thing that brings credit to sth/sb 给某物(人)添光的人或事物
an honour to sth/sbv.
1)to show great respect for someone or something, especially in public:尊敬,给予荣幸
He was honoured for his bravery.
We are honoured (= proud and happy) to have you here tonight.
2)to give someone public praise or a reward: 给某人以荣誉
He was honoured with a knighthood.
honourable adj. honest and fair, or deserving praise and respect: 光荣的,荣耀的,应享受荣誉的
an honourable person
honourably adv.
They acted honourably and returned the wallet. take on
take sth on
to begin to have a particular quality: 开始
Her voice took on a troubled tone.
take sth on to accept a particular job or responsibility: 承担工作或责任
She took too much on and made herself ill.take sb on phrasal verb
to employ someone: 雇佣某人
She was taken on as a laboratory assistant.．
take sb on phrasal verb to compete against or fight someone: 与某人竞争,斗争
The Government took on the unions and won.相貌或性格像…送走,拿走取回;归还,退货;使…回忆起拿下;拆毁,拆散;写下,记下拿进;吸入;了解;欺骗,蒙骗;把衣服改小移开,除；成功；脱掉:起飞:休息;减去,减价
携出,拿出; 除去,拔去继承,接管拿起,举起: 占(时间,地点);开始(工作,兴趣);继续(中断的话)
He takes after his mother/his mother's side of the family.
Take these chairs away - we don't need them.
Supermarkets are taking business away from small local shops.
Is it too small? Take it back and get a refund.
That piece of music really took me back (to my schooldays).
He took down my address and phone number and said he'd phone back.
I had to read the letter twice before I could take it all in.
It was an interesting exhibition, but there was too much to take in at once.
I can't believe she was taken in by him.
I'll have to take this dress in at the waist - it's too big.He took off his clothes and got into the bath.
Her singing career had just begun to take off.
I've had a tooth taken out.
The company he works for has recently been taken over.
This desk takes up too much room.
Too much of this report is taken up with out-of-date figures.
Ian took up (= continued) the story where Sue had left off.链接高考(03北京)
Helen always helps her mother even though going to school ________ most of her day.
A. takes up B. makes up
C. saves up D. puts up set sth up
1）to formally establish a new company, organization, system, way of working, etc:建立
A committee has been set up to organize social events in the college.
She plans to set up her own business.
They've set up a fund for victims of the earthquake.
2) to arrange for an event or activity to happen: 安排，布置
We need to set up a meeting to discuss the proposals.
The government has agreed to set up a public enquiry.set常用短语
set about
set aside
set down
set off
set out
set sb. a good example
set sth. on fire/set fire to sth.
set foot in/on散布谣言等；着手工作保留，储存；忽视，不顾放下，卸下；写下，记下出发，启程；引爆，使爆炸出发，动身；着手做给某人树立一个榜样纵火烧踏上I tried to apologize, but I think I set about it the wrong way.
What time will we have to set off for the station tomorrow?
Jenny set off down the road on her new bike.
You should be setting a good example to your younger brother.
A peace campaigner had set herself on fire in protest at the government's involvement in the war.
He refuses to set foot in an art gallery.链接高考(06 江西)
For all these years I have been working for others. I’m hoping I’ll ________ my own business someday.
A. turn up B. fix up
C. set up D. make upbase n. [C]
1) the bottom part of an object, on which it rests, or the lowest part of something:根基,底座
a crystal glass with a heavy base
At the base of the cliff was a rocky beach.
This cream provides an excellent base for your make-up (= a good bottom layer on which other layers can be put).
2) the activity or people from which someone or something gets most of their support, money, etc: 基础
A strong economy depends on a healthy manufacturing base.
We're aiming to expand our customer base.v.
Where is your firm based?
He was based in (= He lived in or was at a military establishment in) Birmingham during the war.
base sth on sth phrasal verb
If you base something on facts or ideas, you use those facts or ideas to develop it: The film is based on a short story by Thomas Mann.touch: verb.
1) [I or T] to move especially the hand or another part of the body lightly onto and off something or someone: 碰触，接触
That paint is wet - don't touch (it).
He touched the girl on the arm to get her attention.
The child touched the worm with a twig.
FIGURATIVE The setting sun touched the trees with red (= made them appear red for a short time).2) [T] INFORMAL If you say you do not touch a food or drink, you mean that you never eat or drink it: 不吃（食物，饮料等）
No thanks, I never touch chocolate/alcohol.
Honestly, I haven't touched a drop (= drunk any alcohol) all night. n .
1 )[U] the ability to know what something is like by feeling it with the fingers:
the sense of touch 触觉
I found the right coin in the dark by touch.
2）[C usually singular] a quick light movement of one thing, especially a hand, onto and off another thing: 接触，碰触
I felt a cold touch on my arm.
At a/the touch of a button, the door opened.链接高考(05浙江)
---Ow! I’ve burnt myself!
---How did you do that?
--- I ______ a hot pot.
A. touched B. kept C. felt D. heldinvolve v.
to cause to become connected 牵连，牵涉
The serious incident involved a group of youths.
2) to make sb. take part in sth. 参加，加入
Parents should involve themselves in their children’s education.
involve sb. in 把某人牵涉到某事里
be involved in 涉及awareness n. [U] 意识，认识
Public awareness of the problem will make politicians take it seriously.
Environmental awareness has increased dramatically over the past decade.
aware adj. [after verb] 意识到
knowing that something exists, or having knowledge or experience of a particular thing:
[+ that] I wasn't even aware that he was ill.
Were you aware of the risks at the time?
She was well (= very) aware that he was married.
"Has Claude paid the phone bill?" "Not as far as I'm aware." (= I don't think so)
I suddenly became aware of (= started to notice) him looking at me.in addition (to) = besides
I met my past teacher and some classmates in addition in the supermarket.
In addition to cakes and candies, guests were also provided with fruits.attention n.
[U] notice, thought or consideration: 注意
Ladies and gentlemen, could I have your attention, please?
They're organizing a campaign to draw people's attention to the environmentally harmful effects of using their cars.
He likes being the centre of attention (= having a lot of people notice him)
I knocked on the window to get/attract/catch her attention (= make her notice me).
After an hour, my attention started to wander (= I stopped taking notice).(2) specially in the armed forces) a way of standing, with the feet together, arms by your sides, head up and shoulders back and not moving: 立正
soldiers standing at/to attentionIf you don't pay attention (= listen carefully) now, you'll get it all wrong later.
Wait a moment and I'll give you my full/undivided attention (= I'll listen to and think about only you).
Many countries are starting to turn their attention to (= to consider) new forms of energy.Don't pay any attention to (= take any notice of) Nina - she doesn't know what she's talking about.
attend ?? v.
to give attention to what someone is saying: 仔细倾听
I'm afraid I wasn't attending to what was being said.
attentive ?? adj. listening carefully: 仔细倾听地
an attentive audienceadd ?? v. [I or T]
to put something with something else to increase the number or amount or to improve the whole: 加入，相加
If you add (= calculate the total of) three and four you get seven.
Beat the butter and sugar together and slowly add the eggs.
She's added a Picasso to her collection.
Her colleagues' laughter only added to (= increased) her embarrassment.
[+ that] She was sad, she said, but added (= said also) that she felt she had made the right decision.add (sth) up phrasal verb
to calculate the total of two or more numbers: 相加，加起来
If you add those four figures up, it comes to over ￡500.
She added the bill up.
I'm not very good at adding up![+ speech] "Oh, and thank you for all your help!" he added as he was leaving.
It's $45 - $50 if you add in (= include) the cost of postage.
Don't forget to add on your travelling expenses/add your expenses on.add up to sth phrasal verb 总计， 合计
to become a particular amount:
The various building programmes add up to several thousand new homes.
We thought we'd bought lots of food, but it didn't add up to much when we'd spread it out on the table.add up to sth phrasal verb
to have a particular result or effect:
It all added up to a lot of hard work for all of us.
Their proposals do not add up to any real help for the poor. added ?? adj. extra: 额外的
He had the added disadvantage of being the only man present.
She lost her job last week, and now added to that she's pregnant again.
addition ?? noun. [C or U]
Twice a week the children are tested in basic mathematical skills such as addition (= calculating the total of different numbers put together) and subtraction. Most working environments are improved by the addition of (= adding) a few plants and pictures.
A secretary would be a welcome/useful addition to our staff.
In addition to his flat in London, he has a villa in Italy and a castle in Scotland.
HUMOROUS I hear you're expecting a small addition to the family (= you are going to have a baby)!链接高考（06 北京）
There have been several new events ________ to the program for the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games.
A. add B. to add
C. adding D. addedapart from :except for or not considering: 除了。。。，除了。。。还有
He works until nine o'clock every evening, and that's quite apart from the work he does over the weekend.
Apart from the salary/Salary apart, it's not a bad job.
Apart from you and me/You and me apart, I don't think there was anyone there under thirty.
tell sth/sb apart phrasal verb to be able to see the difference between two very similar things or people: 分辨，区分
As babies, the twins were so alike that I just couldn't tell them apart.on behalf of (P53)
representing; instead of: 代表，代替
On behalf of the entire company, I would like to thank you for all your work.
Unfortunately, George cannot be with us today so I am pleased to accept this award on his behalf.
Please don't leave on my behalf (= because of me).
HomeworkParts A1 and A2 on page124 in Workbook.Thank you课件33张PPT。Welcome!Unit 4 Helping poor children TaskSkills building 1: listening for specifics If we want to know what the problem is when we are listening to a news report, what phrases or sentences should we pay special attention to? The problem is that…/As you can see…/The result is …/This means … Discussion If we want to know what has caused the problem when we are listening to a news report, what should we pay special attention to? This is because…/This problem has been caused by…/Unfortunately, …/…as… DiscussionStep 1: finding out about problems:ListeningA (1) no running water
(3) no money
(4) few clothes or furniture
(5) no electricity
(6) forest has been cut down B (1) poverty
(2) many children, especially girls, do not go to school
(4) all farming is done by hand
(5) small amount of land and water available
(6) children have poor diets
(7) children do not grow properly
(8) many of the children’s parents have died of AID
(9) grandparents have to bring up children
(10) grandparents are old and poor A (2) repairing of pumps takes several days
B (3) not enough money Skills building 2: discussing in groupsmaking suggestionsasking for opinionsexpressing agreement/disagreementmaking conclusionStep 2: making suggestions:What can we do to help the poor children in northern Thailand?Discussion raise some money for them
donate pocket money
give away some books
give them some clothes Skills building 3: composing a proposal a proposal to UNICEF _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Possible example
Title: Helping the hill tribe children in northern Thailand
Group members: (Students’ owe names)
Introduction: We have been researching the problems faced by the children in northern Thailand. There are many villages in northern Thailand where children do not have books . Their classrooms have no roofs. Many girls cannot go to school.
Our group would like to help them.
Proposal:
We would like to help the children by:
donating the money collected from the students and teachers in our school
donating English books collected from the students in our school
donating clothes collected from the students in our school
writing a letter to them to tell them that we want to do what we can to help themHelping us recognize that there are many people in the world that need help
We would be pleased if you woukd approve our proposal. If you require any further information, please contact us.
Our contact details are:
(Students’ school address) Benefits:
Helping the hill tribe children in northern Thailand to go to school and live a better life Language pointsface ?
1） v. [I usually + adverb or preposition; T] to turn or be turned towards something physically; to be opposite: 面对，面向
The terrace faces towards the sea/faces south.
Their houses face each other across the street.
2）[T]
If you face a problem, or a problem faces you, you have to deal with it: 面临问题，（问题等）逼近
This is one of the many problems faced by working mothers.
Passengers could face long delays.
You're faced with a very difficult choice there.3）[T] to accept that something unpleasant is true and start to deal with the situation: 正视（问题）
I think Phil has to face the fact that she no longer loves him.
We have to face facts here - we simply don't have enough money.
He's dying but he refuses to face the truth.face up to sth phrasal verb
to accept that a difficult situation exists:
She's going to have to face up to the fact that he's not going to marry her.
face-to-face ? adv. , adj. [before noun]
directly, meeting someone in the same place:
We've spoken on the phone but never face-to-face.
She came face-to-face with the gunman as he strode into the playground.
to sb's face
If you say something unpleasant to someone's face, you say it to them directly, when you are with them:
If you've got something to say, say it to my face.
in the face of sth
despite having to deal with a difficult situation or problem:
She left home in the face of strong opposition from her parents.高考链接(06 四川)
________ with so much trouble, we failed to complete the task on time.
A. Faced B. Face C. Facing D. To face
(05 春季北京)
__________with a difficult situation, Arnold decided to ask his boss for advice.
A. To face B. Having faced C. Faced D. Facingbreak down
1)If a machine or vehicle breaks down, it stops working: 机器出故障，汽车抛锚
Our car broke down and we had to push it off the road.
2）If a system, relationship or discussion breaks down, it fails because there is a problem or disagreement. 计划等失败
3）to be unable to control your feelings and to start to cry: 精神崩溃
When we gave her the bad news, she broke down and cried.break 常用短语：
break away vt./vi. 断掉;拆除;剪掉;与。。。断绝关 系(from)
break in vi. 强行闯入；打岔
break into vt. 闯入，进入
break off vt. 折断，拆掉；vi. 停止说话，稍事休息
break out vi. 突然发生， 爆发
break through vt./vi. 突破（障碍）
break up vt./vi. 击碎，拆散； 结束；终止； （与）人分 He grabbed her, but she managed to break away.
The burglars broke in through the kitchen window.
My car's been broken into twice this month.
As she was talking, he suddenly broke in, saying, "That's a lie".
War broke out in 1914.
Fighting has broken out all over the city.
He broke off a piece of chocolate.
She broke off in the middle of a sentence.
Protesters broke through the barriers.
She's just broken up with her boyfriend.
We broke up for the holidays in June.高考链接1.（NMET 03）
News reports say peace talks between the two countries _________ with no agreement reached.
A. have broken down B. have broken out
C. have broken in D. have broken up
2.（06 辽宁）
The computer system suddenly_______ while he was searching for information on the Internet.
A.broke down B.broke out
C.broke up D.broke in高考链接
3. (06 广东)
I was still sleeping when the fire , and then it spread quickly.
A. broke out B. put out
C. came out D. got out
4. (06 浙江)
We’re trying to ring you back, Bryan, but we think we ________ your number incorrectly.
A. looked up B. took down
C. worked out D. brought about means: [c] a method or way of doing something: 方法
They had no means of communication.
We need to find some other means of transportation.
We must use every means at our disposal.
She tried to explain by means of sign language.
There is no means of tracing the debt at all.
The family had no means of support (= way of getting money).means常用短语;
by all means
used to give permission: of course 当然可以
"May I borrow this book?" "By all means.“
by no means (ALSO not by any means)
not at all: 决不
It is by no means certain that we'll finish the project by June.
This isn't the last we'll hear of it by any means. 高考链接I’ve tried very hard to improve my English. But by no means?__________? with my? progress. A. the teacher is not satisfied??
B. is the teacher not satisfied
C. the teacher is satisfied
D. is the teacher satisfied
BYE-BYE!课件31张PPT。Welcome to the unitWelcome to the Unit？As we all known, we human beings are often stricken by natural disasters. Can you name some of them?
flood,fire,volcano,earthquake,typhoon,
hurricane,tsunami,desertification,sandstorm,tornado, drought… They share one common feature, that is, they cause a great deal of damage to buildings and hurt lots of people. Would you ask for help if you were involved in a natural disaster?
Which person would you turn to for help?What organizations do you know of that can help with the people in trouble?美国慈善国际组织（Mercy Corps）
英国全球伙伴组织（Global Partner）
爱尔兰关怀组织（Ireland’s Concern）
法国“泪水”基金会（French Tear Fund）
亚洲医生联合协会（AMDA）
世界宣明会(World Vision) The whole world is a large family. We make every effort to help the people in trouble, no matter who they’re. Can you guess from the caption what the main tasks of peacekeeping soldiers are?Do you think these soldiers play an important role in maintaining the world peace?
Do you think this kind of job is very demanding, challenging and risky? Why or why not?
When you grow up, would you like to do this kind of job if you had the chance? Why or why not?What can you see in the picture?
Can you imagine what will happen to these hungry children if nobody helps?
How do you feel when you see this picture?
How can we help them?Suppose your home was struck by a flood, what would your life be like?
Would you still live a normal life as before?What would happen if there was not enough water for farming?
What factors can ensure a good harvest? Why do you think that doctors and nurses need to go to poor areas or countries to help?
What is the doctor in the picture doing? Can their daily necessities be guaranteed? If not, what will happen?Do you think children can receive good education and good medical care in poor areas? DiscussionHave you ever helped people in need? What did you do to help them?Yes, I have. I remember when I was in primary school, the teacher asked us to donate our pocket money to Project Hope. I gave all my pocket money that I saved a long time. Though it was not much, I still wanted to do something to show that I cared. I also had a pen friend from a rural area in northern China when I was in junior high school. Apart from exchanging information about our lives with her, I occasionally mailed her some of my spare books and stationery. During the Spring Festival, I also shared my red packets with her. Language points1. especially: adv. very much; particularly;尤其，特别She's not especially interested in sport.I love the country, especially in spring.This is a especially good wine.They invited her to speak especially because of her experience in inner cities.specially ?adv. for a particular reason:特意,专门I chose this specially for your new house.I came here specially to see youI made it specially for your birthday.高考链接(NMET 2000)
It’s always difficult being in a foreign country, ___________ if you don’t speak the language.
A. extremely B. naturally
C. basically D. especiallyAfter 12 years of Republican presidents, the US went Democratic in 1992. go wrong
go v. [L only + adjective] going, went, gone to become:成为,变得 The idea of going grey doesn't bother me, but I'd hate to go bald.Her father's going senile/blind/deaf. If anything goes wrong, you can call our emergency hotline free of charge. situation n. [C] 1) the set of things that are happening and the conditions that exist at a particular time and place: 形势，状况
the economic/political situation
Her news put me in a difficult situation.
"Would you get involved in a fight?" "It would depend on the situation.“
I'll worry about it if/when/as the situation arises (= if/when/as it happens). 2）FORMAL the position of something, especially a town, building, etc: 地理位置
The house's situation in the river valley is perfect.
situate ?? v. [T usually + adverb or preposition]
to put in a particular position:使位于，使坐落于
They plan to situate the bus stop at the corner of the road.
To understand this issue, it must first be situated in its context. situated ?? adj. [after verb] SLIGHTLY FORMAL in a particular position: 坐落在……的；处于…….的
The school is situated near to the station.
[+ to infinitive] With this new product, we are well situated to beat (= we have a good chance of beating) our competitors.
How are you situated for time (= How much time do you have)?高考链接(06 辽宁)
School children must be taght how to deal with dangerous_____________.
states B. conditions
C. situations D. positionsshortage ?
? n. [C] when there is not enough of something: 缺少，短缺
There's a shortage of food and shelter in the refugee camps.
The long hot summer has led to serious water shortages.
short (LACKING) ?? adj. lacking: 缺少的
to be short of space/time
We're a bit short of coffee - I must get some more.
The bill comes to ￡85, but we're ￡15 short.
I'm a little short (= I do not have much money) this week - could you lend me ten dollars?Welcome to the unitHomeworkCollect more information about international organizations helping people in need.
Prepare the Reading part.Thank you!课件24张PPT。Word PowerUnit 4Do you know? How many divisions and organizations are connected to the UN ?Specialized agencies(7)_____________Programmes and funds(8)______________
_________________(9) Un Children’s Fund
(10)_______________________________________(11)_______________________________________
(12)_______________________________________(13)_______________________________________(1)Internatinal Labour Organization
(2)_________________
__________________________
(3)_________________________________________________
(4)______________________
(5)_______________________
_______________________
(6)_______________________
Food and Agricultural Organization UN Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization World Health Organization International Civil Aviation Organization Universal Postal Union World Bank group International
Monetary Fund UN Environment
Progamme UN Drugs Control Programme UN Development Programme UN Development Fund for Women Read the passage(P55) and fill in the blanks correctly (1) International Monetary Fund
(2) International Civil Aviation Organization
(3) Universal Postal Union
(4) UN Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization
(5) Food and Agricultural Organization
(6) International Labour organization
(7) World Health Organization What do they stand for? Identification身份证明文件Chief Executive Officer首席执行官Bulletin Board Software电子论坛National Basketball Association
美国国家篮球协会Information Technology信息技术People's Republic of China中华人民共和国acronym International Monetary fund
Food and Agricultural Organization
International Labour Organization
United nations Educational, scientific and cultural organization
World Health Organization
United Nations Environment Programme
WTO World Trade Organization
NATO North Atlantic Treaty Organization
ADB Asian Development bank
ICRC International Committee of the red Cross
ITU International Telecommunication UnionCould you give some more examples?Language Pointsconnect
v. [I or T] to join or be joined with something else: 连接
Can I connect my printer to your computer?
Where does the cooker connect (up) to the electricity?
Has the telephone/electricity/gas been connected (= switched on or joined to the main supply) in your new place yet?
connect
2) v. [T]to consider or show a person or thing to be related to someone or something else:使……与……有关
She's an actress I connect with the theatre rather than films.
Police are connecting the break-in with other recent thefts in the area.3)v. [T] to make it possible for you to speak to someone else by telephone:用电话与某人联系
Could you connect me with/to a number in Paris, please? I can't seem to get through.
4) v. [I] If two public transport vehicles connect, they arrive at suitable times to allow passengers to get off one and onto another: (交通工具)与…衔接,连接
Your flight arrives in Malaga at ten o'clock where it connects with a coach service to your hotel.
There's a connecting train service between the airport and the city.within：prep., adv. inside or not beyond an area or period of time:在……范围之内
Two-thirds of Californians live within 15 miles of the coast.
For orders within the UK, please enclose ￡2.50 for post and packing.
The resort lies within easy reach of (= not far from) the ski slopes.
within：prep., adv. inside or not beyond an area or period of time:在……范围之内
Two-thirds of Californians live within 15 miles of the coast.
For orders within the UK, please enclose ￡2.50 for post and packing.
The resort lies within easy reach of (= not far from) the ski slopes.
She managed to complete her last film well within budget.
The target was now within range and so she took aim and fired.
He could sense that his goal was within reach (= it could be reached).
The cathedral spire was now within sight (= it could be seen).
I was acting within the law (= legally).
We came within five points of beating them (= We would have beaten them if we had had five more points).within常用短语:
within limits avoiding behaviour which is extreme or silly: You can wear what you like, within limits.
within shouting distancevery close: We live within shouting distance of the station. within常用短语:
within your rights If you are within your rights to do something, you are legally allowed to do it: I think I'm quite within my rights to demand a full refund.
within your memory at a time that you are able to remember: Women had gained the vote within my grandmother's memory.3. (06 江苏)
This new model of car is so expensive that it is _______ the reach of those with average income.
A. over B. within C. beyond D. below
4. (06福建)
Sorry. Madam. You’d better come tomorrow because it’s______the visiting hours. A.during B.at C.beyond D.before
链接高考1.(06 四川)
-Can he take charge of the computer company? ?? -I’m afraid it’s??? his ability. ??? A.beyond? B.within? C.of ? D.to
2.(04湖北)
Don’t leave matches or cigarettes on the table within ________ of little children.
A. hand B. reach C. spacee D. distance
链接高考standard adj. 1) usual rather than special, especially when thought of as being correct or acceptable: 标准的
White is the standard colour for this model of refrigerator.
These are standard procedures for handling radioactive waste.
The metre is the standard unit for measuring length in the SI system. 2) Language described as standard is the form of that language which is considered acceptable and correct by most educated users of it:
Most announcers on the BBC speak standard English.
In Standard American, 'gotten' is used as a past participle of 'get'.
3) [before noun] A standard book or writer is the one that is most commonly read for information on a particular subject:
Her book is still a standard text in archaeology, even though it was written more than twenty years ago. n. 1) [C] a song or other piece of music which has been popular and often played over a long period of time
2) [C usually singular] a pattern or model that is generally accepted:
This program is an industry standard for computers.standard 常用短语
be up the standard 达到标准
above/below the standard 高/低于标准
the standard of living 生活水准
set standards of behavior 制定行为准则
standard time 标准时间
standard English 标准英语
a standard writer 一流作家
standard works 权威作品 Thanks
