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学科：英语
教学内容：Advenising
【本课教学目标】
相关知识
广告从理论上讲是市场学(marketing)。市场学研究4P，即 Product(产品)；Price(价格)；Promotion(销售促销)；Place(销售渠道)。
广告应注意 AIDAS
A = Attention(注意)I = Interest(兴趣)
D = Desire(欲望)A = Action(行动)
S = Satisfaction(满意)
AIDAS 是制做广告的基本原则。本单元的对话及课文中就体现这个原则。
试读下则广告，并将内容译成恰当汉语。
“Aviation” Artificial Leather Suitcases & Bags
Selected Material
Fine Workmanship
Model Designs
Reasonable Price
Various Specification
Order Welcome
译文：“航天”牌人造革衣箱、袋 用料上乘 造工精良款式新颖 价格合理 规格齐全 欢迎选购
句子分析
1．What kind of advertisement do you read or watch on TV，if any
if any = if you read or watch any.
if any 是省略式结构，意思是“若有”，“即使有”例如：
Point out errors，if any.
若有错误，请指正。
I’m afraid there’s very little food left，if any．
我想即使还有食物，也只剩下一点了。
由 if 构成的条件句中若从句的主语和实义动词与主句相同，经常采用省略句式。例如：
We’ll certainly help you，if we can (help you)．
如果我们能帮助你，我们会这样做的。They’ll get everything ready tomorrow if not earlier．(if they can’t get it ready earlier．)
如果不能早些的话，他们明天会把一切准备好的。
2．be about to do sth．正要(即将)做某事。例如：
We were about to have dinner when the doorbell rang．
我们正要吃饭时(突然)门铃响了。
(注意：该句中 when 为并列连词，不可将该句译为“当门铃响时，我们正要吃饭。”)
We waited until she was about to leave．
我一直等到她即将离开。
语言要点
1．I suggest that we ask users...
这是表示“建议”的句型，that 从句中省掉了 should．例如：
(1)— I feel weak and tired these days．这几天我感到浑身无力和疲倦。
— I suggest you (should)go and see a doctor．我建议你去看病。
(2)— I’m afraid I’m putting on weight．我担心我体重在增加。
— I suggest that you (should) keep on doing morning exercise．
我建议你坚持晨练。
2．So what exactly are you suggesting
那么你到底有什么具体建议呢
现在进行时与 always，exactly，often 等词连用，表示说话人的感彩(赞扬，厌烦等)。
该句便是厌烦情绪。例如：
He is often doing good deeds for the class．他常为班上做好事。(赞扬)
Such spelling mistakes are always appearing in your English exercises．
这样的拼写错误总是出现在你的英语练习中。(不满)
He is always boasting．他老爱吹牛。(批评)
3．We can bring in some humour too．我们可以插进一些幽默的话语。
“bring in”means“introduce an idea，topic，etc．”例如：
The teacher wants to bring in the topic that will interest pupils in his class．
这位教师想在课堂上引进使学生们感兴趣的话题。
4．carry out 作“实行，执行”“进行”解。例如：
He should carry out his promise．
他应该实现他的诺言行。
The scientists are carrying out the research on cancer．
科学家们正在对癌症进行研究。
5．hand in hand 有两个意思：
(1) holding each other’s hand 手拉手
(2) closely，linked together 紧密关联的，连在一起。本课的意思属于(2)的意思。例如：
War and suffering go hand in hand．
战争和苦难同时并存。
Hand in hand we stand all across the land．我们站立在大地上，手牵着手。
6．think up ：invent an idea／way．想出(主意，办法等)。例如：
Most of his after-dinner stories were thought up on the spur of the moment．
他饭后讲的故事全都是他灵机一动编出来的。
7．try out 意思是“试用”，“试试”(看行不行)。例如：
They are trying out new teaching methods．
他们在试行新的教学方法。
Try out several models of cars. 试一下这几型的轿车。
8．point out 意思是“指出”例如：
Can you point out the lady you referred to
你能指出你刚所说的那位女士吗
The teacher pointed out we would have the chances to enter college．
老师指出我们都有上大学的机会。
【重点难点解析】
新知讲解
过去分词作表语，定语，宾语补足语和状语
1．过去分词可以用来作表语。过去分词作表语常表示主语所处的状态。(现在分词作表语表示主语所具有的特征。)例如：
2．有些过去分词用作表语时，构成的谓语很接近被动结构。被动结构表示一个动作，过去分词作表语表示主语所处的状态。例如：
3．过去分词可以用来作定语。
(1)过去分词作定语可以表示动作完成了或被动意义。(现在分词作定语表示一个正在进行的动作或主动意义。)例如：
a developed country ( a developing country)一个发达国家(发展中国家)
fallen leaves 落叶
frightened boy 受惊吓的男孩
respected scientists 受尊敬的科学家
boiled water 开水(已经开过，可能是热水，也可能凉了)
boiling water 开水(正在沸腾的水)
gone days 消逝的日子
(2)作定语时，单个过去分词放在所修饰名词的前面，过去分词短语放在所修饰名词的后面。例如：
a suggested answer
an answer suggested at the meeting
(3)某些动词只用过去分词作定语，不用现在分词形式作定语。例如：learned professor(博学的教授)
advanced mathematics(高等数学)
skilled／experienced／practised doctor(技艺娴熟的／有经验的／有实践经验的医生)
旧知归纳
复习过去分词做定语、表语、宾语和状语
过去分词是动词的一种形式，在谓语中它可帮助构成完成式和被动语态，在非谓语中它在句中可做定语( Practice 2)表语(Practice 3)，宾语补足语(Practice 4)和状语(Practice 5)
基础训练：请分析下列句中的过去分词在句中的语法作用：
A = 定语 B = 表语 C = 宾语补足语 D = 状语 E = 谓语的一部分
( )1．They threw away the worn-out shoes．
( )2．Hurry up! There is little time left．
( )3．Given better attention，the cabbages could have grown better．
( )4．She looked disappointed in the result．
( )5．You’d better have your shoes mended．
( )6．My watch is gone．
( )7．She has gone to the library．
( )8．The mountain was covered by the snow．
( )9．Don’t get excited，boys and girls．
( )10. You should make yourself understood.
( )11. The girl dressed in red is good at singing.
( )12. The professor entered the lecture-room, followed by his students.
高考焦点
Ⅰ．将下列短语译成恰当汉语
1. her deep-set eyes
2. green-painted door
3. a ready-made dress
4. a high-born child
5. a new laid egg
6. a badly-lighted room
7. a much-praised student
8. a widely-read novel
9. a beautifully-dressed lady
10. a newly-invented machine
Ⅱ．综合训练
A：语言知识练习
1. Point out the spelling mistakes in this short composition, if ______ .
A. there will be some B. none
C. little D. any
2. The invention can ______ between 200 and 400 million dollars a year.
A. bring about B. bring in
C. bring up D. bring back
3. —Could you finish the work before the holiday
—______ .
A. No matter B. No way
C. No problem D. No question
4. The bookstore, ______ last year, is very popular among the students in this school.
A. open B. opening
C. having opened D. opened
5. ______ more attention, the trees could have grown better.
A. Given B. To give
C. Giving D. Having given
6. They are trying ______ a new fanning method in the fields now.
A. on B. for
C. out D. up
7. It's high time we ______ to the lecture, or we'll be late.
A. go B. went
C. will go D. are going
8. He couldn't keep his eyes ______ to all this.
A. shut B. to shut
C. shutting D. shutted
9. ______ warmly for his work, he was too ______ to fall asleep.
A. Praising; excited B. To praise; excited
C. Praised; exciting D. Praised; excited
10. The work ______, he went to see a film with his family.
A. to do B. doing
C. to be done D. done
B: 语法练习(用过去分词完成下列句子)
1. We are going to talk about the problem ________ (昨天会上讨论的).
2. The girl ________ (身着红衣的)is my second daughter.
3. His father seemed ________ (对他的成绩满意).
4. You can hear ________ (讲英语) in almost every large city in the world.
5. I would like to get ________ (这些信邮走).
6. ________ (从人造卫星上看), the earth looks just like a blue green white ball.
7. ________ (在这地区发现) ,pines are the most common trees.
8. ________ (若给予更多地关注的话), the trees could have grown better.
9. Where is the body of ________ (被谋杀人)
10. The ________ (降低的价格)will save you one dollar for each dozen.
C．单项选择：
1. —You look tired.
—That's because Mr Baker had us ______ reports all afternoon.
A. wrote B. to write
C. writing D. written
2. The man was brought in with his hands ______ that afternoon.
A. tied B. tying
C. being tied D. to tie
3. ______ more time, we could have done the work better.
A. Giving B. Given
C. To give D. Having given
4. It was stupid ______ your advice.
A. for me not to take B. of me not taking
C. for me not taking D. of me not to take
5. He can' t help ______ housework, for he is busy ______ for the examination.
A. doing; preparing B. to do; to prepare
C. doing; to prepare D. to do; preparing
6. The girl said in a ______ voice that she was ______ by the dog.
A. frightened; frightened B. frightening; frightened
C. frightening; frightening D. frightened; frightening
7. Three days after Mrs White's ______ necklace was found, she was ______ it.
A. lost; robbed B. missed; robbed of
C. lost; robbed of D. missing; robbed
8. Having tried many times, they succeeded ______ the experiment.
A. doing B. in doing
C. to do D. in being done
9. Please excuse ______ in without ________.
A. come; asking B. coming; being asked
C. to come; being asked D. coming; asking
10. There are a lot of peasants ______ in the rice field.
A. who works B. who worked
C. work D. working
11. Many teachers were praised at the meeting, Mr Zhou ______.
A. including B. being included
C. to include D. included
12. ______ with fright the fox hid himself in a small cave, ______ his tail to the rain.
A. Trembling; exposing B. Trembled; exposed
C. Trembled; exposing D. Trembling; exposed
13. The news ______ Jim. He was ______ at the news. He found the news
A. surprised; surprised; surprising
B. surprised; surprising; surprised
C. surprising; surprised; surprised
D. surprising; surprising; surprised
14. ______ made her mother very angry.
A. Helen's married Jack B. Helen has married Jack
C. Helen marrying Jack D. Helen's marrying Jack
15. When ______ the airport they waved again and again to me.
A. leaving B. leave
C. to leave D. left
16. When ______ into a warm room, the ice soon changed to water.
A. to take B. taking
C. taken D. to be taken
17. I felt it an honour ______ to speak here.
A. to ask B. asking
C. to be asked D. having asked
18. To answer correctly is more important than ______.
A. a quick finish B. to finish quickly
C. finishing quickly D. you finish quick
19. Do you know ______ the repairs
A. to do B. to make
C. how to do D. how to make
20. We don' t know ______ next.
A. to do what B. what to do
C. how to do D. what we do
21. They didn't know ______ or stay.
A. to leave B. if that he should leave
C. if to leave D. whether to leave
22. A job worth ______ is worth ______ well.
A. doing; doing B. doing; to do
C. doing; done D. do; doing
23. He used ______ on the fight in China, but he soon got used ______ on the left in England.
A. to drive; to drive B. to drive; driving
C. to driving; to drive D. to drive; to driving
24. He suggested ______ the meeting to an end.
A. bring B. to bring
C. bringing D. on bringing
25. Jane devoted her life ______ the sick.
A. to caring for B. to care for
C. to caring D. caring for
26. He felt very tired. He really should stop ______ and go to bed.
A. to study B. from studying
C. studying D. of studying
27. Mr John requires each of his students ______ a composition every other week.
A. write B. to write
C. writing D. written
28. This exercise requires ______ carefully.
A. to do B. done
C. being done D. doing
29. He likes ______, but he doesn't like ______ today because it's too cold.
A. to swim; to swim B. swimming; swimming
C. to swim; swimming D. swimming; to swim
30. He sat ______ to her ______ the stairs.
A. to listen; to climb B. listening; to climb
C. listening; climb D. listening; to climbing
【常用单词积累】
重点词语讲解
think 常用搭配总结：
试翻译下列各句为汉语：
1. He may not say much, but he thinks a lot.
2. I don't think he will do it.
3. I never thought that you would be here.
4. I cannot think what he said.
5. I think it better to tell him the truth.
6. Who do you think ate the cake
7. We were thinking where to hide.
8. I thought to leave earlier this morning.
9. I had thought to leave earlier that day. ( = I thought to have left earlier that day. )
10. Are you still thinking about moving
11. I don' t think much (highly) of him.
12. The other scholars thought little of his theory.
13. What are you thinking about
14. I' ve been thinking of changing my job.
15．What do you think of the play
参考答案：
1．他可能讲话不多，但想的很多。
2．我不认为他会做此事。
3．我从来都没想到你会在这儿。
4．我想不起来他说了什么。
5．我认为最好告诉他实话。
6．你认为谁吃了蛋糕 (插入语)
7．我们正在琢磨往哪藏。
8．我本想今天早晨早点离开。
9．那天我本想早点离开。
10．你仍在考虑搬家吗
11．我对他评价不高。
12．其他的学者对他的理论评价很低。
13．你在考虑什么
14．我一直在考虑更换工作之事。
15．你认为这部话剧如何
有关 think 短语还有：
think about 考虑；想起 think of 想起；认为 think out 想出；彻底地想 think over 考虑，细想 think up 设计出；想出，发明
重点词语辨析
1．lonely，alone
注：lonely 指的是一种感觉，具有感彩，表示主观上的“孤独、寂寞、冷清”；alone 只是陈述一个客观事实，独自一人，没有别的同伴，作“独自的、单独的”之意。例如：
He was alone，but he never felt lonely．他虽独自一人，但从不感到寂寞。
2．however，but
注：两个词均可作连词，意为“但是，可是”however 连接另一个句子，并用逗号隔开。
①but 连接两个并列分句。例如：
He was poor，however，he managed to send his five children to college．
② He is young，but he knows a lot．
3．hear of，hear from，hear about
注：hear of 意指“听说，听到……的事”与hear about 相同。hear from sb．意指“收到……的来信”，相当于 receive a letter from sb．例如：
①I heard of (about) it long long ago．
②Have you heard from him recently
4．at all，in all，after all 的区别
at all 常用在否定句或疑问句中，用来加强语气，意为“到底、究竟、根本，完全”。
in all意为“共计”，常用在句中作状语。
after all 意为“毕竟”或“别忘了”。比较以下例句：
What are you doing here at all 你究竟在这里干什么
I don’t know him at all．我根本就不认识他。
I have more than one thousand stamps in all．我共有一千多张邮票。
He is still a child after all．Don’t blame him．他毕竟还是一个孩子，不要责备他。
After all，your birthday is in two week’s time．别忘了，两周之后将是你的生日。
5．归纳英语的“看”的多种表达：
(1) stare (at)指“瞪视”，尤指瞪大眼睛。
例如：It is impolite to stare at others．(盯着别人是不礼貌的)。
(2) gaze(at)意思是“凝视”、“注视”。例如：
We gazed at the bridge，admiring its beauty．(我们注视着那座桥，赞美它的美丽。)
表示“凝视”、“注视”还可以用动词 regard 和词组 fix one’s eyes on．例如：
①The owner of the bookshop regarded the boy with great interest．(书店老板怀着极大的兴趣注视着这个男孩。)
②The pupils sat straight，fixing their eyes on the new teacher／with．their eyes fixed on the new teacher．(学生们端正地坐着，眼睛注视着新来的老师。)
③look sb.up and down 指“上下打量”，有轻蔑的含义。例如：
Thinking I was a poor man，the door keeper looked me up and down and refused to let me in．(以为我是穷人，看门人上下打量着我，不让我进去。)
(3)glare(at) 指“怒目而视”。例如：
The angry father glared at his son，with an iron ruler in his hand．(发怒的父亲瞪着他儿子，手里握着一把铁尺。)
(4)examine 和 study 表示“仔细察看”。例如：
①He studied the map，trying to figure out the distance between the two cities．(他审视着地图，尽力估算出两城间的距离。)
②The dentist examined my tooth and said that it had to be pulled out．(牙医仔细察看了我的牙，说这颗牙得拔掉。)
【单元口语交际】
表示“同意”和“不同意” Agreement & Disagreement
常用句型：
Do you think so
Do you think that...
I agree with...
No problem．
I’m afraid l can’t agree with you
口语示范：
1．Asking if somebody agrees(询问某人是否同意)
Don’t you agree
You’d agree with me，wouldn’t you
OK with you (你同意吗 )
Can I ask if you agree with... (请问您是否同意... )
I wonder if you would agree with...(不知您是否同意...)
2．Agreeing (同意)
I absolutely( certainly，quite，)agree with you．(我绝对／当然／很／同意你。)
I think so too．(我也这样想。)
I suppose so．(我看是这样。)
It certainly is．(当然是这样。)
Oh，exactly．(哦，一点不错。)
3．Disagreeing (表示不同意)
I can’t accept that．
I couldn’t agree with you．
I don’t think so．
On the contrary．(正相反。)
Surely not．(当然不。)
【拓展延伸探究】
技能训练
文章结构中连接词的判断及使用的技能培养
这项技能培养在英语学习中起着至关重要的作用，它实际上是使整篇文章的上下文逻辑通顺的关键。它既考查学生根据上下文中具体的语境或常识来判断文章的逻辑能力，又考查学生对连接词使用的语法能力。做这类题的关键是要从全文的内容去理解，不要只看孤立的某个句子或只看所考查的那个句子。要学会掌握如下要领：
通读全文，理解大意；
分清词类，各个击破；
瞻前顾后，捕捉信息；
重读全文；字面翻译。
填入适当的并列连接词和副词，使文章的逻辑通顺、且语法正确：
Wang Fei，a student of Class Two，has studied for five years．Last term he won the first in the English examination．
________ at first，he met with a lot of difficulties in his study．He liked English．
________，he could not remember the new words．In class he could not understand what the teacher said.________ he almost lost heart．
His teacher heard of that，________ helped him patiently．He was determined to improve his English.________，he canght up with the others ________made greater progress through a lot of hard practice．
________ ，he’s not satisfied with what he had achieved，________ will work harder at English to make ________ greater progress in the coming new year．
能力培养
高考中看图写作能力要求
看图作文，顾名思义就是学生借助图形，通过联想进行写作。它是英语写作初段的常用形式，也是一种提高英语书面表达能力的有效途径。
看图作文通常有以下几种形式：
1．有提示，有标题，提供体裁；
2．有提示，而无标题；
3．有标题而无提示；
4．既有提示，又有标题．
不管是哪种形式，看图作文都要求做到以下几点：
1．下笔前先认真对该图进行观察、联想、想象；
2．根据画面内容确定主题；
3．根据画面内容或提示写出内容要点；
4．把要点串起来，适当加工，即成一篇短文．
“书面表达”的解题步骤：大体可分为三步：一、准备；二、写作；三、检查。
【课本习题解答】
Lesson 18
2 Note making
How can you advertise
By using radio, TV, cinema, magazine, newspapers, large boards, signs, balloons and planes pulling messages
What can you advertise
Products, services, western political leaders persuading people to vote for them
Results of advertising:
1. It increases product sales; 2. It reduces prices.
People's jobs in an advertising firm;
One person is in charge of the programme.
One person thinks up an idea.
One person buys space/time.
One person writes the text.
One person designs the advertisement.
lesson 19
2 Practiee
1. says that my mother is coming soon
2. drinking much
3. last year
4. expressed their satisfaction
5. the camp
6. bring the danger
7. the ads company
8. a goldsmith(金匠)
9. for the students
3 Practice
1. the streets were lined with trees and roses. 街道上排列着树木和玫瑰花丛。
2. The supermarket is crowded with shoppers. 超市里挤满了顾客。
3. The top of the mountain is covered with snow. 山里的顶峰被雪覆盖。
4. A factory visit was fixed. 能观工厂的计划被确定了。
5. All the problems are settled. 所有的问题被解决了。
6. An exciting programme was agreed. 一个令人高兴的计划被认可了。
7. Very few people were injured. 没几个人受伤。
8. This article is very well typed. 这篇文章被很好地打印出来。
4 Practice
1. We have had 6,000advertisements printed.
2. We are going to have the text of the advertisement changed.
3. We shall have your luggage fetched from the airport.
4. They have had the whole programme filmed.
5. He is going to have a new advertisement filmed.
6. We must have some photographs of the microcomputer taken.
7. Mrs Baker has her hair done every Friday after work.
8. The librarian is having new shelves put up.
5 Practice
1. Devoted to her mother, she looked after her for many years.
2. Questioned about the murder, he became tense.
3. Admired for her photography, she was persuaded to join the company.
4. Excited by the sales figures, we decided to go out and celebrate.
5. Shocked at the waste of money, I decided to leave the company.
6. Persuaded by his friends to give up smoking, he threw his remaining cigarette away.
Lesson 20
2 Enghsh in use
FRADILE 易碎物品
THIS SIDE UP 请勿倒置
INSERT HERE 插入此空
SPLIT HERE 沿此线剪开
PROTECT FROM RAIN 请防雨淋
SOS 国际通用的(船舶、飞机等的)呼救信
P. O. BOX 1234
Congwen District
Beijing 100723
6th August, 19 ______
Dear Ms He,
I have received your letter of August 3rd, and thank you for your offer to sell us your computer.
Both our head teacher and I are interested in buying it from you. Your suggested price of 5,900 yuan is acceptable if the computer is fit for our teaching purpose.
I will pay you a visit this Saturday afternoon at about 2: 30 to try out the machine. If the time does not suit you, please call me on the phone to arrange another time. My telephone number is 75662354.
I am looking forward to meeting you.
Yours sincerely,
Zhou Lin
教学内容：Advenising
【本课教学目标】
相关知识
广告从理论上讲是市场学(marketing)。市场学研究4P，即 Product(产品)；Price(价格)；Promotion(销售促销)；Place(销售渠道)。
广告应注意 AIDAS
A = Attention(注意)I = Interest(兴趣)
D = Desire(欲望)A = Action(行动)
S = Satisfaction(满意)
AIDAS 是制做广告的基本原则。本单元的对话及课文中就体现这个原则。
试读下则广告，并将内容译成恰当汉语。
“Aviation” Artificial Leather Suitcases & Bags
Selected Material
Fine Workmanship
Model Designs
Reasonable Price
Various Specification
Order Welcome
译文：“航天”牌人造革衣箱、袋 用料上乘 造工精良款式新颖 价格合理 规格齐全 欢迎选购
句子分析
1．What kind of advertisement do you read or watch on TV，if any
if any = if you read or watch any.
if any 是省略式结构，意思是“若有”，“即使有”例如：
Point out errors，if any.
若有错误，请指正。
I’m afraid there’s very little food left，if any．
我想即使还有食物，也只剩下一点了。
由 if 构成的条件句中若从句的主语和实义动词与主句相同，经常采用省略句式。例如：
We’ll certainly help you，if we can (help you)．
如果我们能帮助你，我们会这样做的。They’ll get everything ready tomorrow if not earlier．(if they can’t get it ready earlier．)
如果不能早些的话，他们明天会把一切准备好的。
2．be about to do sth．正要(即将)做某事。例如：
We were about to have dinner when the doorbell rang．
我们正要吃饭时(突然)门铃响了。
(注意：该句中 when 为并列连词，不可将该句译为“当门铃响时，我们正要吃饭。”)
We waited until she was about to leave．
我一直等到她即将离开。
语言要点
1．I suggest that we ask users...
这是表示“建议”的句型，that 从句中省掉了 should．例如：
(1)— I feel weak and tired these days．这几天我感到浑身无力和疲倦。
— I suggest you (should)go and see a doctor．我建议你去看病。
(2)— I’m afraid I’m putting on weight．我担心我体重在增加。
— I suggest that you (should) keep on doing morning exercise．
我建议你坚持晨练。
2．So what exactly are you suggesting
那么你到底有什么具体建议呢
现在进行时与 always，exactly，often 等词连用，表示说话人的感彩(赞扬，厌烦等)。
该句便是厌烦情绪。例如：
He is often doing good deeds for the class．他常为班上做好事。(赞扬)
Such spelling mistakes are always appearing in your English exercises．
这样的拼写错误总是出现在你的英语练习中。(不满)
He is always boasting．他老爱吹牛。(批评)
3．We can bring in some humour too．我们可以插进一些幽默的话语。
“bring in”means“introduce an idea，topic，etc．”例如：
The teacher wants to bring in the topic that will interest pupils in his class．
这位教师想在课堂上引进使学生们感兴趣的话题。
4．carry out 作“实行，执行”“进行”解。例如：
He should carry out his promise．
他应该实现他的诺言行。
The scientists are carrying out the research on cancer．
科学家们正在对癌症进行研究。
5．hand in hand 有两个意思：
(1) holding each other’s hand 手拉手
(2) closely，linked together 紧密关联的，连在一起。本课的意思属于(2)的意思。例如：
War and suffering go hand in hand．
战争和苦难同时并存。
Hand in hand we stand all across the land．我们站立在大地上，手牵着手。
6．think up ：invent an idea／way．想出(主意，办法等)。例如：
Most of his after-dinner stories were thought up on the spur of the moment．
他饭后讲的故事全都是他灵机一动编出来的。
7．try out 意思是“试用”，“试试”(看行不行)。例如：
They are trying out new teaching methods．
他们在试行新的教学方法。
Try out several models of cars. 试一下这几型的轿车。
8．point out 意思是“指出”例如：
Can you point out the lady you referred to
你能指出你刚所说的那位女士吗
The teacher pointed out we would have the chances to enter college．
老师指出我们都有上大学的机会。
【重点难点解析】
新知讲解
过去分词作表语，定语，宾语补足语和状语
1．过去分词可以用来作表语。过去分词作表语常表示主语所处的状态。(现在分词作表语表示主语所具有的特征。)例如：
2．有些过去分词用作表语时，构成的谓语很接近被动结构。被动结构表示一个动作，过去分词作表语表示主语所处的状态。例如：
3．过去分词可以用来作定语。
(1)过去分词作定语可以表示动作完成了或被动意义。(现在分词作定语表示一个正在进行的动作或主动意义。)例如：
a developed country ( a developing country)一个发达国家(发展中国家)
fallen leaves 落叶
frightened boy 受惊吓的男孩
respected scientists 受尊敬的科学家
boiled water 开水(已经开过，可能是热水，也可能凉了)
boiling water 开水(正在沸腾的水)
gone days 消逝的日子
(2)作定语时，单个过去分词放在所修饰名词的前面，过去分词短语放在所修饰名词的后面。例如：
a suggested answer
an answer suggested at the meeting
(3)某些动词只用过去分词作定语，不用现在分词形式作定语。例如：learned professor(博学的教授)
advanced mathematics(高等数学)
skilled／experienced／practised doctor(技艺娴熟的／有经验的／有实践经验的医生)
旧知归纳
复习过去分词做定语、表语、宾语和状语
过去分词是动词的一种形式，在谓语中它可帮助构成完成式和被动语态，在非谓语中它在句中可做定语( Practice 2)表语(Practice 3)，宾语补足语(Practice 4)和状语(Practice 5)
基础训练：请分析下列句中的过去分词在句中的语法作用：
A = 定语 B = 表语 C = 宾语补足语 D = 状语 E = 谓语的一部分
( )1．They threw away the worn-out shoes．
( )2．Hurry up! There is little time left．
( )3．Given better attention，the cabbages could have grown better．
( )4．She looked disappointed in the result．
( )5．You’d better have your shoes mended．
( )6．My watch is gone．
( )7．She has gone to the library．
( )8．The mountain was covered by the snow．
( )9．Don’t get excited，boys and girls．
( )10. You should make yourself understood.
( )11. The girl dressed in red is good at singing.
( )12. The professor entered the lecture-room, followed by his students.
高考焦点
Ⅰ．将下列短语译成恰当汉语
1. her deep-set eyes
2. green-painted door
3. a ready-made dress
4. a high-born child
5. a new laid egg
6. a badly-lighted room
7. a much-praised student
8. a widely-read novel
9. a beautifully-dressed lady
10. a newly-invented machine
Ⅱ．综合训练
A：语言知识练习
1. Point out the spelling mistakes in this short composition, if ______ .
A. there will be some B. none
C. little D. any
2. The invention can ______ between 200 and 400 million dollars a year.
A. bring about B. bring in
C. bring up D. bring back
3. —Could you finish the work before the holiday
—______ .
A. No matter B. No way
C. No problem D. No question
4. The bookstore, ______ last year, is very popular among the students in this school.
A. open B. opening
C. having opened D. opened
5. ______ more attention, the trees could have grown better.
A. Given B. To give
C. Giving D. Having given
6. They are trying ______ a new fanning method in the fields now.
A. on B. for
C. out D. up
7. It's high time we ______ to the lecture, or we'll be late.
A. go B. went
C. will go D. are going
8. He couldn't keep his eyes ______ to all this.
A. shut B. to shut
C. shutting D. shutted
9. ______ warmly for his work, he was too ______ to fall asleep.
A. Praising; excited B. To praise; excited
C. Praised; exciting D. Praised; excited
10. The work ______, he went to see a film with his family.
A. to do B. doing
C. to be done D. done
B: 语法练习(用过去分词完成下列句子)
1. We are going to talk about the problem ________ (昨天会上讨论的).
2. The girl ________ (身着红衣的)is my second daughter.
3. His father seemed ________ (对他的成绩满意).
4. You can hear ________ (讲英语) in almost every large city in the world.
5. I would like to get ________ (这些信邮走).
6. ________ (从人造卫星上看), the earth looks just like a blue green white ball.
7. ________ (在这地区发现) ,pines are the most common trees.
8. ________ (若给予更多地关注的话), the trees could have grown better.
9. Where is the body of ________ (被谋杀人)
10. The ________ (降低的价格)will save you one dollar for each dozen.
C．单项选择：
1. —You look tired.
—That's because Mr Baker had us ______ reports all afternoon.
A. wrote B. to write
C. writing D. written
2. The man was brought in with his hands ______ that afternoon.
A. tied B. tying
C. being tied D. to tie
3. ______ more time, we could have done the work better.
A. Giving B. Given
C. To give D. Having given
4. It was stupid ______ your advice.
A. for me not to take B. of me not taking
C. for me not taking D. of me not to take
5. He can' t help ______ housework, for he is busy ______ for the examination.
A. doing; preparing B. to do; to prepare
C. doing; to prepare D. to do; preparing
6. The girl said in a ______ voice that she was ______ by the dog.
A. frightened; frightened B. frightening; frightened
C. frightening; frightening D. frightened; frightening
7. Three days after Mrs White's ______ necklace was found, she was ______ it.
A. lost; robbed B. missed; robbed of
C. lost; robbed of D. missing; robbed
8. Having tried many times, they succeeded ______ the experiment.
A. doing B. in doing
C. to do D. in being done
9. Please excuse ______ in without ________.
A. come; asking B. coming; being asked
C. to come; being asked D. coming; asking
10. There are a lot of peasants ______ in the rice field.
A. who works B. who worked
C. work D. working
11. Many teachers were praised at the meeting, Mr Zhou ______.
A. including B. being included
C. to include D. included
12. ______ with fright the fox hid himself in a small cave, ______ his tail to the rain.
A. Trembling; exposing B. Trembled; exposed
C. Trembled; exposing D. Trembling; exposed
13. The news ______ Jim. He was ______ at the news. He found the news
A. surprised; surprised; surprising
B. surprised; surprising; surprised
C. surprising; surprised; surprised
D. surprising; surprising; surprised
14. ______ made her mother very angry.
A. Helen's married Jack B. Helen has married Jack
C. Helen marrying Jack D. Helen's marrying Jack
15. When ______ the airport they waved again and again to me.
A. leaving B. leave
C. to leave D. left
16. When ______ into a warm room, the ice soon changed to water.
A. to take B. taking
C. taken D. to be taken
17. I felt it an honour ______ to speak here.
A. to ask B. asking
C. to be asked D. having asked
18. To answer correctly is more important than ______.
A. a quick finish B. to finish quickly
C. finishing quickly D. you finish quick
19. Do you know ______ the repairs
A. to do B. to make
C. how to do D. how to make
20. We don' t know ______ next.
A. to do what B. what to do
C. how to do D. what we do
21. They didn't know ______ or stay.
A. to leave B. if that he should leave
C. if to leave D. whether to leave
22. A job worth ______ is worth ______ well.
A. doing; doing B. doing; to do
C. doing; done D. do; doing
23. He used ______ on the fight in China, but he soon got used ______ on the left in England.
A. to drive; to drive B. to drive; driving
C. to driving; to drive D. to drive; to driving
24. He suggested ______ the meeting to an end.
A. bring B. to bring
C. bringing D. on bringing
25. Jane devoted her life ______ the sick.
A. to caring for B. to care for
C. to caring D. caring for
26. He felt very tired. He really should stop ______ and go to bed.
A. to study B. from studying
C. studying D. of studying
27. Mr John requires each of his students ______ a composition every other week.
A. write B. to write
C. writing D. written
28. This exercise requires ______ carefully.
A. to do B. done
C. being done D. doing
29. He likes ______, but he doesn't like ______ today because it's too cold.
A. to swim; to swim B. swimming; swimming
C. to swim; swimming D. swimming; to swim
30. He sat ______ to her ______ the stairs.
A. to listen; to climb B. listening; to climb
C. listening; climb D. listening; to climbing
【常用单词积累】
重点词语讲解
think 常用搭配总结：
试翻译下列各句为汉语：
1. He may not say much, but he thinks a lot.
2. I don't think he will do it.
3. I never thought that you would be here.
4. I cannot think what he said.
5. I think it better to tell him the truth.
6. Who do you think ate the cake
7. We were thinking where to hide.
8. I thought to leave earlier this morning.
9. I had thought to leave earlier that day. ( = I thought to have left earlier that day. )
10. Are you still thinking about moving
11. I don' t think much (highly) of him.
12. The other scholars thought little of his theory.
13. What are you thinking about
14. I' ve been thinking of changing my job.
15．What do you think of the play
参考答案：
1．他可能讲话不多，但想的很多。
2．我不认为他会做此事。
3．我从来都没想到你会在这儿。
4．我想不起来他说了什么。
5．我认为最好告诉他实话。
6．你认为谁吃了蛋糕 (插入语)
7．我们正在琢磨往哪藏。
8．我本想今天早晨早点离开。
9．那天我本想早点离开。
10．你仍在考虑搬家吗
11．我对他评价不高。
12．其他的学者对他的理论评价很低。
13．你在考虑什么
14．我一直在考虑更换工作之事。
15．你认为这部话剧如何
有关 think 短语还有：
think about 考虑；想起 think of 想起；认为 think out 想出；彻底地想 think over 考虑，细想 think up 设计出；想出，发明
重点词语辨析
1．lonely，alone
注：lonely 指的是一种感觉，具有感彩，表示主观上的“孤独、寂寞、冷清”；alone 只是陈述一个客观事实，独自一人，没有别的同伴，作“独自的、单独的”之意。例如：
He was alone，but he never felt lonely．他虽独自一人，但从不感到寂寞。
2．however，but
注：两个词均可作连词，意为“但是，可是”however 连接另一个句子，并用逗号隔开。
①but 连接两个并列分句。例如：
He was poor，however，he managed to send his five children to college．
② He is young，but he knows a lot．
3．hear of，hear from，hear about
注：hear of 意指“听说，听到……的事”与hear about 相同。hear from sb．意指“收到……的来信”，相当于 receive a letter from sb．例如：
①I heard of (about) it long long ago．
②Have you heard from him recently
4．at all，in all，after all 的区别
at all 常用在否定句或疑问句中，用来加强语气，意为“到底、究竟、根本，完全”。
in all意为“共计”，常用在句中作状语。
after all 意为“毕竟”或“别忘了”。比较以下例句：
What are you doing here at all 你究竟在这里干什么
I don’t know him at all．我根本就不认识他。
I have more than one thousand stamps in all．我共有一千多张邮票。
He is still a child after all．Don’t blame him．他毕竟还是一个孩子，不要责备他。
After all，your birthday is in two week’s time．别忘了，两周之后将是你的生日。
5．归纳英语的“看”的多种表达：
(1) stare (at)指“瞪视”，尤指瞪大眼睛。
例如：It is impolite to stare at others．(盯着别人是不礼貌的)。
(2) gaze(at)意思是“凝视”、“注视”。例如：
We gazed at the bridge，admiring its beauty．(我们注视着那座桥，赞美它的美丽。)
表示“凝视”、“注视”还可以用动词 regard 和词组 fix one’s eyes on．例如：
①The owner of the bookshop regarded the boy with great interest．(书店老板怀着极大的兴趣注视着这个男孩。)
②The pupils sat straight，fixing their eyes on the new teacher／with．their eyes fixed on the new teacher．(学生们端正地坐着，眼睛注视着新来的老师。)
③look sb.up and down 指“上下打量”，有轻蔑的含义。例如：
Thinking I was a poor man，the door keeper looked me up and down and refused to let me in．(以为我是穷人，看门人上下打量着我，不让我进去。)
(3)glare(at) 指“怒目而视”。例如：
The angry father glared at his son，with an iron ruler in his hand．(发怒的父亲瞪着他儿子，手里握着一把铁尺。)
(4)examine 和 study 表示“仔细察看”。例如：
①He studied the map，trying to figure out the distance between the two cities．(他审视着地图，尽力估算出两城间的距离。)
②The dentist examined my tooth and said that it had to be pulled out．(牙医仔细察看了我的牙，说这颗牙得拔掉。)
【单元口语交际】
表示“同意”和“不同意” Agreement & Disagreement
常用句型：
Do you think so
Do you think that...
I agree with...
No problem．
I’m afraid l can’t agree with you
口语示范：
1．Asking if somebody agrees(询问某人是否同意)
Don’t you agree
You’d agree with me，wouldn’t you
OK with you (你同意吗 )
Can I ask if you agree with... (请问您是否同意... )
I wonder if you would agree with...(不知您是否同意...)
2．Agreeing (同意)
I absolutely( certainly，quite，)agree with you．(我绝对／当然／很／同意你。)
I think so too．(我也这样想。)
I suppose so．(我看是这样。)
It certainly is．(当然是这样。)
Oh，exactly．(哦，一点不错。)
3．Disagreeing (表示不同意)
I can’t accept that．
I couldn’t agree with you．
I don’t think so．
On the contrary．(正相反。)
Surely not．(当然不。)
【拓展延伸探究】
技能训练
文章结构中连接词的判断及使用的技能培养
这项技能培养在英语学习中起着至关重要的作用，它实际上是使整篇文章的上下文逻辑通顺的关键。它既考查学生根据上下文中具体的语境或常识来判断文章的逻辑能力，又考查学生对连接词使用的语法能力。做这类题的关键是要从全文的内容去理解，不要只看孤立的某个句子或只看所考查的那个句子。要学会掌握如下要领：
通读全文，理解大意；
分清词类，各个击破；
瞻前顾后，捕捉信息；
重读全文；字面翻译。
填入适当的并列连接词和副词，使文章的逻辑通顺、且语法正确：
Wang Fei，a student of Class Two，has studied for five years．Last term he won the first in the English examination．
________ at first，he met with a lot of difficulties in his study．He liked English．
________，he could not remember the new words．In class he could not understand what the teacher said.________ he almost lost heart．
His teacher heard of that，________ helped him patiently．He was determined to improve his English.________，he canght up with the others ________made greater progress through a lot of hard practice．
________ ，he’s not satisfied with what he had achieved，________ will work harder at English to make ________ greater progress in the coming new year．
能力培养
高考中看图写作能力要求
看图作文，顾名思义就是学生借助图形，通过联想进行写作。它是英语写作初段的常用形式，也是一种提高英语书面表达能力的有效途径。
看图作文通常有以下几种形式：
1．有提示，有标题，提供体裁；
2．有提示，而无标题；
3．有标题而无提示；
4．既有提示，又有标题．
不管是哪种形式，看图作文都要求做到以下几点：
1．下笔前先认真对该图进行观察、联想、想象；
2．根据画面内容确定主题；
3．根据画面内容或提示写出内容要点；
4．把要点串起来，适当加工，即成一篇短文．
“书面表达”的解题步骤：大体可分为三步：一、准备；二、写作；三、检查。
【课本习题解答】
Lesson 18
2 Note making
How can you advertise
By using radio, TV, cinema, magazine, newspapers, large boards, signs, balloons and planes pulling messages
What can you advertise
Products, services, western political leaders persuading people to vote for them
Results of advertising:
1. It increases product sales; 2. It reduces prices.
People's jobs in an advertising firm;
One person is in charge of the programme.
One person thinks up an idea.
One person buys space/time.
One person writes the text.
One person designs the advertisement.
lesson 19
2 Practiee
1. says that my mother is coming soon
2. drinking much
3. last year
4. expressed their satisfaction
5. the camp
6. bring the danger
7. the ads company
8. a goldsmith(金匠)
9. for the students
3 Practice
1. the streets were lined with trees and roses. 街道上排列着树木和玫瑰花丛。
2. The supermarket is crowded with shoppers. 超市里挤满了顾客。
3. The top of the mountain is covered with snow. 山里的顶峰被雪覆盖。
4. A factory visit was fixed. 能观工厂的计划被确定了。
5. All the problems are settled. 所有的问题被解决了。
6. An exciting programme was agreed. 一个令人高兴的计划被认可了。
7. Very few people were injured. 没几个人受伤。
8. This article is very well typed. 这篇文章被很好地打印出来。
4 Practice
1. We have had 6,000advertisements printed.
2. We are going to have the text of the advertisement changed.
3. We shall have your luggage fetched from the airport.
4. They have had the whole programme filmed.
5. He is going to have a new advertisement filmed.
6. We must have some photographs of the microcomputer taken.
7. Mrs Baker has her hair done every Friday after work.
8. The librarian is having new shelves put up.
5 Practice
1. Devoted to her mother, she looked after her for many years.
2. Questioned about the murder, he became tense.
3. Admired for her photography, she was persuaded to join the company.
4. Excited by the sales figures, we decided to go out and celebrate.
5. Shocked at the waste of money, I decided to leave the company.
6. Persuaded by his friends to give up smoking, he threw his remaining cigarette away.
Lesson 20
2 Enghsh in use
FRADILE 易碎物品
THIS SIDE UP 请勿倒置
INSERT HERE 插入此空
SPLIT HERE 沿此线剪开
PROTECT FROM RAIN 请防雨淋
SOS 国际通用的(船舶、飞机等的)呼救信
P. O. BOX 1234
Congwen District
Beijing 100723
6th August, 19 ______
Dear Ms He,
I have received your letter of August 3rd, and thank you for your offer to sell us your computer.
Both our head teacher and I are interested in buying it from you. Your suggested price of 5,900 yuan is acceptable if the computer is fit for our teaching purpose.
I will pay you a visit this Saturday afternoon at about 2: 30 to try out the machine. If the time does not suit you, please call me on the phone to arrange another time. My telephone number is 75662354.
I am looking forward to meeting you.
Yours sincerely,
Zhou Lin