形容词用法[上学期]
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课件25张PPT。 高考中的初中英语语法知识
第三讲： 形容词、副词
(一) 形容词、副词的作用与位置
形容词是用来修饰名词的， 常被放在名词前作定语
或放在系动词后面作表语。 而副词则用来修饰形容词
动词、其他副词或者句子， 一般位于形容词之前，
动词之后或句子之首。 以下属几种特殊情况， 须牢记：形容词短语作定语，定语后置。
eg. a language difficult to master
a leaning tower about 180 feet high
2. 表语形容词（afraid , alike , alone , asleep, awake ,
alive 等）作定语，定语后置 如 a man alive
有些表身体健康状况的形容词如well , faint ,ill 只作表语。
sick既可作表语又可作定语，ill 如作定语意为 “bad” 。
3. 形容词用作定语，修饰不定代词通常后置。
4. else 常用作疑问代词 和不定代词的后置定语。5. enough ,nearly 等修饰名词前置或后置均可。
但enough 修饰形容词、副词时必须后置。
6. 几个副词并列作状语时， 其顺序较灵活，
一般是： 方式－地点－时间。
We had a good time together outdoors last Sunday .
7. 频度副词often , always , usually 等放在be 之后、
行为动词前。
8. 副词作定语，定语后置。
The people there are friendly 9. 多个形容词修饰同一名词的顺序。
限定词（冠词、指示代词、不定代词、 物主代词）
数（序数词、基数词）
形（大小、长短 、形状）
记住：限－数－描－形－新－颜－国－材（＋名词）Eg .The first beautiful large long new red Chinese concrete bridge .
请译：一个漂亮的崭新中国式陶瓷大花瓶。
a nice big new Chinese china vase .10. 以－ly 结尾的词性辨析
1） 下列单词以－ly 结尾 （并非副词）
lively , lonely , lovely deadly ,friendly ugly ,silly ,
likely brotherly timely.
空间与抽象 close-closely, high- highly ,
low –lowly , deep-deeply
3）有无ly 意义大不相同的副词
dead 完全 绝对 - deadly
late – lately (最近）
（二）复合形容词的构成
形＋名＋ed kind - hearted white – haired
形＋形 red – hot dark – blue
形＋ 现分 good – looking easy – going
副词＋ 现分 hard – working fast – moving
副词＋ 过分 hard – won newly – made
名＋ 形 life – long world – famous
名＋ 现分 peace – loving fun – loving
8 . 名＋ 过分 snow – covered hand –made
9. 数 ＋ 名 ＋ed four storeyed three – legged
10. 数＋ 名 ten-year two - man（三） 形容词与副词的比较等级
原级的构成和用法
构成： 形容词、副词的原级即本身
用法： 表示双方在程度、性质、特征等方面
相等时用“ as + 原级 ＋ as ”
不等时用 “ not so /as + 原级＋as ”
倍数用 “ 倍数 ＋as + 原级 ＋as ”Eg: Xiao Wang is as tall as Xiao Yu .
This building looks not so /as high as that one .
Miss Liu speaks English as fluently as you.
This room is three times as large as that one . 2. 比较级和最高级的构成
1） 规则形容词、副词的比较级和最高级（4种）
2）不规则的形容词、副词的级要特殊记。
good / well - bad / ill - many / much -
little - far - old -3. 比较级的用法
1）双方比较， 表示一方超过另一方时，
用“比较级＋than “ 的结构
如This picture is more beautiful than that one .
2）表示一方不及另一方时，用“ less + 原级＋ than”结构
This room is less beautiful than that one.
3) 表示一方在程度或数量上超过另一方时，可在比较级
前加表示程度的状语， 如 even , a lot , a bit , a little,
still, much , far , yet ,by far等修饰。
如 he works even harder than before
注意： by far 通常用于强调最高级。 用于比较级
一般放在比较级的后面，若放在前面，应在二者
中间加 the .
如 ：He is taller by far than his brother .
He is by far the taller of the two brothers .4) 表示一方随另一方的程度而变化时，用
“ the + 比较级（主语＋谓语）the +比较级（主语＋谓语）”
结构 （越….越…）
The harder he works , the happier he feels .
5) 不与其他事物 相比，表示本身程度的改变时，用
“比较级＋ and + 比较级”结构。
The girl becomes more and more beautiful .
The weather is getting colder and colder .
6） 某些以－ior 结尾的形容词进行比较时，
用to 代替than .
这些词有inferior (劣等的 ，次的） ，superior ,
junior(资历较浅的）, senior 。
如： he is superior to Mr Zhang in chemistry.
7) 倍数表达法
A is + 倍数 the size ( height / length /width /depth ) of B
A is + 倍数 ＋ as …as B
A is + 倍数 ＋ 比较级 than B
注意： times 表三倍以上 ， 两倍用 twice / double
译： 我们的学校比他们的学校大三倍。（三种方法）
4 最高级的用法
1）三者或三者以上相比， 表示最高程度时，用“the + 最高级”
的结构表示。 这种句式一般常有表示比较范围的介词短语。
如 ：ZhangHua is the tallest of the three .
He works (the ) hardest in his class .
2) 最高级可被序数词以及much , by far , nearly , almost ,
by no means , not quite , not really ,
nothing like (没有什么能比得上）等修饰。
如：
This hat is by far the biggest .
How much did the second most expensive hat cost ?
3) 表示“最高程度” 的形容词，如 excellent , extreme, perfect等
没有最高级， 也没有比较级 。4）形容词最高级修饰作表语或介词宾语的名词、代词时，
被修饰的的词往往省略。如：
He is the tallest boy in his class .
5) 作状语的副词最高级前可以不加定冠词。
5. 由 as / so 组成的形容词或副词短语。
1） as much as + 不可数名词数量。如：
Each stone weighs as much as 15 tons .
She could earn as much as ten dollars a week .2) as many as + 可数名词数量
如： I have as many as sixteen reference books.3) as early as 早在
As early as the twelfth century the English began to invade
the island .4) as far as 远道， 就… 而言
We might go as far as the church and back .
As far as I know , he has been there before .
5) may / might as well 不妨，不如
Then you might as well stay with us here .
6) as … as sb can be 到了最…的程度 ， 极其
They are as unreliable as they can be . ( 他们极其不可信）7) as … as one can = as … as possible ( 尽某人可能）
He began to run as fast as he could6. 几组重要词语辨析
1） very 和 much 的区别
可分等级的形容词和副词前使用very 不用 much .
表示状态的过去分词前用very 。
如： a very frightened boy ; a very tired child
a very complicated problem
以 -ing , -ed 结尾的分词 多用 much , very much , greatly 修饰。
如：We were greatly shocked by the news about Tom.
too 前用much 或 far , 不用very ,
You are much / far / a lot too nice.
注意： 修饰绝对意义的形容词，一般不用very ,
而用 quite, completely , well , entirely 等修饰。
如： quite wrong / mistaken / sure ;
completely dead ;
quite impossible ,
quite perfect 等 。
1. more than 不只是（= not only)
Miss Li is more than a teacher. She’s our best
friend.
2. more than + 数词，多于，超过，相当于over
There are over/ more than 70 students in our class.
3. more… than…与其说… 不如说
He is more diligent than clever
7.请区分下列词组
4.more than 极其地，非常地（=very)
They are more than satisfied. 5. This is more than+ 从句 此事非某人所能5. sth is more than + 从句 ( 此事非某人所能 )
Eg :This problem is more than I can solve.
This is more than I can say.6. more than one 不只一个（谓语动词用单数）
more than once 不只这一次
More than one person ______ this secret.
7. more than
not more than 不超过，至多＝ at the most
no more than 仅仅 ， 和… 一样少no more… than 两者同样不…
not more …than 前者不如后者；不比… 更
8 . less than (少于）
not less than ( 不少于）= at least
no less than （和…一样多）= as much as
类似地：
no fewer than = as many as 和…一样多
no worse than = as good as 和…一样好
no better than = as bad as 和…一样坏
no richer than = as poor as 和…一样穷
no later than = as early as 和…一样早
高考再现（2005 北京）This _____ girl is Linda’s cousin .
pretty little Spanish B. Spanish little pretty
C. Spanish pretty little D. little pretty Spanish
2. (2005 天津） Mr Smith owns _______ collection of
coins than anyone else I have ever met .
A. large B a larger C. the larger D. a large
3.Mary can’t speak English _____ her friends , but
her written work is perfect .
A. as well as B. as often as C. so much as D. as good asADA4. How ______ can you finish your composition ?
often B. soon C. long D. rapid
5.( 2005 汕头） it was _____ late to catch a bus after the party ;
therefore we called a taxi .
A. too very B. much too C. too much D. far
6.(2005 西城区） It takes us quite long to go there by ship,
it’s _____ by road .
quick B. the quickest C. must quick D. quicker
7.--- How was your last visit to Shanghai ?
--- It was great ,I visited some friends , and spent the_____
days at the seashore.
few last sunny B. last few sunny
C. last sunny few D. few sunny lastBBDB8._______ terrible weather we’ve been having these days ?
A. How a B. What a C. How D. What
9.( 2005 南京市 ）If there were not much pressure, we should
have ______ at school .
the happiest time B . a more happier time
C. much happier time D. a much happier time
10.(2005 广西） Can you believe that in ______ a rich country
there should be _____ many jobless people ?
A . such such B. such so C. so so D. so such
11.(2005 广州） If the manager had to choose between the two,
he would say John was _____ choice .
A. good B. the best C. better D the better
DDBD12.(2005 河南）If you are______ about Australian cities , just read the book written by Dr . Johnson.
interested B. anxious C. upset D. curious
13. (2005 南京） The teachers in our school are______ young people between the age of twenty-five and forty .
A. most B. almost C. mostly D. at most
14. (2005 海淀区） She told us _____ story that we were moved to
tears.
such a moving B. such moving a
C. so a moving D. a so movingDCA15.(2005 盐城） After the new technology was introduced ,
the company produced ______ cars in 2005 as the year before .
A. as twice many B. as many twice
C. twice as many D. twice many as
16.(2005 江西） — Excuse me , is this Mr Hill’s office ?
— I’m sorry , but Mr Hill _____ works here .
He left about a month ago .
A. not now B. no more C. not still D. no longer
17. (2005 潍坊） — What did you think of your visit to the Nature
Park ?
— I really enjoyed it . It was _____ than I expected.
A . far more interesting B. even much interesting
C. So more interesting D. a lot much interestingCDA18. --- Are you feeling ______?
--- Yes , I’m OK now .
A. any well B. any better C. quite good D. quite better
19. The Chinese Educational Department suggests teachers should
receive ______ education to catch up with the ______ development.
A. farther ; late B. farther ; later
C. further ; lately D. further ; latest
20. --- What do you think of the speech ?
--- The speaker said ______ nothing worth ______.
A. nearly ; hearing B. hardly ; listening
scarcely ; listening to D. almost ; listening to
21. It is _____ that his English is ______ perfect .
A. sure very B. right rather C. exact fairly D. certain quite
BDD
第三讲： 形容词、副词
(一) 形容词、副词的作用与位置
形容词是用来修饰名词的， 常被放在名词前作定语
或放在系动词后面作表语。 而副词则用来修饰形容词
动词、其他副词或者句子， 一般位于形容词之前，
动词之后或句子之首。 以下属几种特殊情况， 须牢记：形容词短语作定语，定语后置。
eg. a language difficult to master
a leaning tower about 180 feet high
2. 表语形容词（afraid , alike , alone , asleep, awake ,
alive 等）作定语，定语后置 如 a man alive
有些表身体健康状况的形容词如well , faint ,ill 只作表语。
sick既可作表语又可作定语，ill 如作定语意为 “bad” 。
3. 形容词用作定语，修饰不定代词通常后置。
4. else 常用作疑问代词 和不定代词的后置定语。5. enough ,nearly 等修饰名词前置或后置均可。
但enough 修饰形容词、副词时必须后置。
6. 几个副词并列作状语时， 其顺序较灵活，
一般是： 方式－地点－时间。
We had a good time together outdoors last Sunday .
7. 频度副词often , always , usually 等放在be 之后、
行为动词前。
8. 副词作定语，定语后置。
The people there are friendly 9. 多个形容词修饰同一名词的顺序。
限定词（冠词、指示代词、不定代词、 物主代词）
数（序数词、基数词）
形（大小、长短 、形状）
记住：限－数－描－形－新－颜－国－材（＋名词）Eg .The first beautiful large long new red Chinese concrete bridge .
请译：一个漂亮的崭新中国式陶瓷大花瓶。
a nice big new Chinese china vase .10. 以－ly 结尾的词性辨析
1） 下列单词以－ly 结尾 （并非副词）
lively , lonely , lovely deadly ,friendly ugly ,silly ,
likely brotherly timely.
空间与抽象 close-closely, high- highly ,
low –lowly , deep-deeply
3）有无ly 意义大不相同的副词
dead 完全 绝对 - deadly
late – lately (最近）
（二）复合形容词的构成
形＋名＋ed kind - hearted white – haired
形＋形 red – hot dark – blue
形＋ 现分 good – looking easy – going
副词＋ 现分 hard – working fast – moving
副词＋ 过分 hard – won newly – made
名＋ 形 life – long world – famous
名＋ 现分 peace – loving fun – loving
8 . 名＋ 过分 snow – covered hand –made
9. 数 ＋ 名 ＋ed four storeyed three – legged
10. 数＋ 名 ten-year two - man（三） 形容词与副词的比较等级
原级的构成和用法
构成： 形容词、副词的原级即本身
用法： 表示双方在程度、性质、特征等方面
相等时用“ as + 原级 ＋ as ”
不等时用 “ not so /as + 原级＋as ”
倍数用 “ 倍数 ＋as + 原级 ＋as ”Eg: Xiao Wang is as tall as Xiao Yu .
This building looks not so /as high as that one .
Miss Liu speaks English as fluently as you.
This room is three times as large as that one . 2. 比较级和最高级的构成
1） 规则形容词、副词的比较级和最高级（4种）
2）不规则的形容词、副词的级要特殊记。
good / well - bad / ill - many / much -
little - far - old -3. 比较级的用法
1）双方比较， 表示一方超过另一方时，
用“比较级＋than “ 的结构
如This picture is more beautiful than that one .
2）表示一方不及另一方时，用“ less + 原级＋ than”结构
This room is less beautiful than that one.
3) 表示一方在程度或数量上超过另一方时，可在比较级
前加表示程度的状语， 如 even , a lot , a bit , a little,
still, much , far , yet ,by far等修饰。
如 he works even harder than before
注意： by far 通常用于强调最高级。 用于比较级
一般放在比较级的后面，若放在前面，应在二者
中间加 the .
如 ：He is taller by far than his brother .
He is by far the taller of the two brothers .4) 表示一方随另一方的程度而变化时，用
“ the + 比较级（主语＋谓语）the +比较级（主语＋谓语）”
结构 （越….越…）
The harder he works , the happier he feels .
5) 不与其他事物 相比，表示本身程度的改变时，用
“比较级＋ and + 比较级”结构。
The girl becomes more and more beautiful .
The weather is getting colder and colder .
6） 某些以－ior 结尾的形容词进行比较时，
用to 代替than .
这些词有inferior (劣等的 ，次的） ，superior ,
junior(资历较浅的）, senior 。
如： he is superior to Mr Zhang in chemistry.
7) 倍数表达法
A is + 倍数 the size ( height / length /width /depth ) of B
A is + 倍数 ＋ as …as B
A is + 倍数 ＋ 比较级 than B
注意： times 表三倍以上 ， 两倍用 twice / double
译： 我们的学校比他们的学校大三倍。（三种方法）
4 最高级的用法
1）三者或三者以上相比， 表示最高程度时，用“the + 最高级”
的结构表示。 这种句式一般常有表示比较范围的介词短语。
如 ：ZhangHua is the tallest of the three .
He works (the ) hardest in his class .
2) 最高级可被序数词以及much , by far , nearly , almost ,
by no means , not quite , not really ,
nothing like (没有什么能比得上）等修饰。
如：
This hat is by far the biggest .
How much did the second most expensive hat cost ?
3) 表示“最高程度” 的形容词，如 excellent , extreme, perfect等
没有最高级， 也没有比较级 。4）形容词最高级修饰作表语或介词宾语的名词、代词时，
被修饰的的词往往省略。如：
He is the tallest boy in his class .
5) 作状语的副词最高级前可以不加定冠词。
5. 由 as / so 组成的形容词或副词短语。
1） as much as + 不可数名词数量。如：
Each stone weighs as much as 15 tons .
She could earn as much as ten dollars a week .2) as many as + 可数名词数量
如： I have as many as sixteen reference books.3) as early as 早在
As early as the twelfth century the English began to invade
the island .4) as far as 远道， 就… 而言
We might go as far as the church and back .
As far as I know , he has been there before .
5) may / might as well 不妨，不如
Then you might as well stay with us here .
6) as … as sb can be 到了最…的程度 ， 极其
They are as unreliable as they can be . ( 他们极其不可信）7) as … as one can = as … as possible ( 尽某人可能）
He began to run as fast as he could6. 几组重要词语辨析
1） very 和 much 的区别
可分等级的形容词和副词前使用very 不用 much .
表示状态的过去分词前用very 。
如： a very frightened boy ; a very tired child
a very complicated problem
以 -ing , -ed 结尾的分词 多用 much , very much , greatly 修饰。
如：We were greatly shocked by the news about Tom.
too 前用much 或 far , 不用very ,
You are much / far / a lot too nice.
注意： 修饰绝对意义的形容词，一般不用very ,
而用 quite, completely , well , entirely 等修饰。
如： quite wrong / mistaken / sure ;
completely dead ;
quite impossible ,
quite perfect 等 。
1. more than 不只是（= not only)
Miss Li is more than a teacher. She’s our best
friend.
2. more than + 数词，多于，超过，相当于over
There are over/ more than 70 students in our class.
3. more… than…与其说… 不如说
He is more diligent than clever
7.请区分下列词组
4.more than 极其地，非常地（=very)
They are more than satisfied. 5. This is more than+ 从句 此事非某人所能5. sth is more than + 从句 ( 此事非某人所能 )
Eg :This problem is more than I can solve.
This is more than I can say.6. more than one 不只一个（谓语动词用单数）
more than once 不只这一次
More than one person ______ this secret.
7. more than
not more than 不超过，至多＝ at the most
no more than 仅仅 ， 和… 一样少no more… than 两者同样不…
not more …than 前者不如后者；不比… 更
8 . less than (少于）
not less than ( 不少于）= at least
no less than （和…一样多）= as much as
类似地：
no fewer than = as many as 和…一样多
no worse than = as good as 和…一样好
no better than = as bad as 和…一样坏
no richer than = as poor as 和…一样穷
no later than = as early as 和…一样早
高考再现（2005 北京）This _____ girl is Linda’s cousin .
pretty little Spanish B. Spanish little pretty
C. Spanish pretty little D. little pretty Spanish
2. (2005 天津） Mr Smith owns _______ collection of
coins than anyone else I have ever met .
A. large B a larger C. the larger D. a large
3.Mary can’t speak English _____ her friends , but
her written work is perfect .
A. as well as B. as often as C. so much as D. as good asADA4. How ______ can you finish your composition ?
often B. soon C. long D. rapid
5.( 2005 汕头） it was _____ late to catch a bus after the party ;
therefore we called a taxi .
A. too very B. much too C. too much D. far
6.(2005 西城区） It takes us quite long to go there by ship,
it’s _____ by road .
quick B. the quickest C. must quick D. quicker
7.--- How was your last visit to Shanghai ?
--- It was great ,I visited some friends , and spent the_____
days at the seashore.
few last sunny B. last few sunny
C. last sunny few D. few sunny lastBBDB8._______ terrible weather we’ve been having these days ?
A. How a B. What a C. How D. What
9.( 2005 南京市 ）If there were not much pressure, we should
have ______ at school .
the happiest time B . a more happier time
C. much happier time D. a much happier time
10.(2005 广西） Can you believe that in ______ a rich country
there should be _____ many jobless people ?
A . such such B. such so C. so so D. so such
11.(2005 广州） If the manager had to choose between the two,
he would say John was _____ choice .
A. good B. the best C. better D the better
DDBD12.(2005 河南）If you are______ about Australian cities , just read the book written by Dr . Johnson.
interested B. anxious C. upset D. curious
13. (2005 南京） The teachers in our school are______ young people between the age of twenty-five and forty .
A. most B. almost C. mostly D. at most
14. (2005 海淀区） She told us _____ story that we were moved to
tears.
such a moving B. such moving a
C. so a moving D. a so movingDCA15.(2005 盐城） After the new technology was introduced ,
the company produced ______ cars in 2005 as the year before .
A. as twice many B. as many twice
C. twice as many D. twice many as
16.(2005 江西） — Excuse me , is this Mr Hill’s office ?
— I’m sorry , but Mr Hill _____ works here .
He left about a month ago .
A. not now B. no more C. not still D. no longer
17. (2005 潍坊） — What did you think of your visit to the Nature
Park ?
— I really enjoyed it . It was _____ than I expected.
A . far more interesting B. even much interesting
C. So more interesting D. a lot much interestingCDA18. --- Are you feeling ______?
--- Yes , I’m OK now .
A. any well B. any better C. quite good D. quite better
19. The Chinese Educational Department suggests teachers should
receive ______ education to catch up with the ______ development.
A. farther ; late B. farther ; later
C. further ; lately D. further ; latest
20. --- What do you think of the speech ?
--- The speaker said ______ nothing worth ______.
A. nearly ; hearing B. hardly ; listening
scarcely ; listening to D. almost ; listening to
21. It is _____ that his English is ______ perfect .
A. sure very B. right rather C. exact fairly D. certain quite
BDD