2007届英语复习专题—独立主格[上学期]
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| 名称 | 2007届英语复习专题—独立主格[上学期] |  | |
| 格式 | rar | ||
| 文件大小 | 15.4KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 通用版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2006-12-09 19:20:00 | ||
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课件31张PPT。2007届英语复习专题
独立主格（一）： 独立主格结构的构成： 1、名词(代词)+现在分词、过去分词； 2、 名词(代词)+形容词 3、 名词(代词)+副词 4、 名词(代词)+不定式 5、 名词(代词) +介词短语构成1）The test finished, we began our holiday. 考试结束了，我们开始放假。 2）The experiment done, the students went on to take notes in the experiment report.
实验做完了,同学们继续在实验报告上做记录。4）He lay at full length upon his stomach, his head resting upon his left forearm.
他的脊背朝天，四肢伸展，头枕着左臂，直挺挺地趴伏着。 3）Time permitting, we can have a walk around the playground after supper.
如果时间允许,晚饭后我们可以到操场上散散步。1) Computers very small, we can use them widely.
电脑虽小,我们却能广泛地利用它们。
2) The clothes very dirty, you'd better wash them quickly.
The clothes are very dirty and you’d better wash them quickly.
衣服很脏,你快点儿洗洗吧!
3) He came into the room, his ears red with cold.
He came into the room and his ears were red with cold.
他回到了房子里，耳朵冻坏了。 1) The meeting over, our headmaster soon left the meeting-room.
散会了,校长很快就离开了会议室。
2) The lights off, we could not go on with the work.
灯熄了,我们不能继续工作了。
1）The last guest to arrive, our party was started.
最后一位客人到了,我们的晚会就开始了。
2）The building project not to be completed by the end of this month，the construction company will be fined．
如果建筑工程这个月底不结束，建筑公司将会受到罚款。1）Our English teacher came into the classroom, book in hand.
我们的英语老师走进了教室,手里拿着试卷。
2) There is a river in the valley, fresh flowers on the banks.
山谷中有一条河,河两岸长满了鲜花。
二、独立主格结构的用法
1、时间状语
2、条件状语
3、原因状语
4、伴随状语 My shoes removed, I entered a low-ceilinged room, stepping cautiously on the soft tatami matting.
After my shoes were removed, I entered a low-ceilinged room, stepping cautiously on the soft tatami matting.
（我脱掉鞋子后，走进一间屋顶很低的房间，小心翼翼地踩在柔软的塌塌米垫子上。） 2) The last guest to arrive, our party was started.
When the last guest arrived, our party was started.
（最后一位客人到了,我们的晚会就开始了。）
3) The signal given, the train started.
When the signal was given, the train started.
（信号给出以后，火车开始启动。）1）Weather permitting, they will go on an outing to the beach tomorrow.
＝If weather permits, they will go on an outing to the beach tomorrow.
(如果天气允许的话，他们将在明天组织一次海滨小游。) 2）Such being the case, you have no grounds for dismissing him.
＝If such is the case, you have no grounds for dismissing him.
(如果情况如此的话，你没有理由解聘他。)
3) All things considered，the planed trip will have to be called off．
=If all things are considered, the planed trip will have to be called off.4）Students given more exercises, teachers will spend much more time grading their papers.
=If students are given more exercises, teachers will spend much more time grading their papers.
如果给学生们多的练习，老师们将会花更多的时间批改作业。1. The storm drawing near, the nawy decided to call it a day.
＝Since the storm was drawing near, the nawy decided to call it a day.
(由于暴风雨即将来临，那个挖土小工决定收工。) 2. No one being against it，we will adopt the proposal．
=Since no one is against it, we will adopt the proposal.
（既然没人反对，这项议案我们就通过了。） 3) The weather being so bad, we have to delay our journey.
=As the weather is so bad, we have to delay our journey.
天气那么糟，旅行推迟了。 1. I took my ticket, and marched proudly up the platform, with my cheeses, the people falling back respectfully on either side.
＝I took my ticket, and marched proudly up the platform, with my cheeses, and the people fell back respectfully on either side.
(我拿着车票还有我的奶酪，雄赳赳气昂昂地跨步走向月台。人们似乎很尊敬我，纷纷向两边退去。) 2. The boy fell asleep, cap on head.
=The boy fell asleep with a cap on his head.
3. They were sweeping the snow outdoors, hands red with cold．
=They were sweeping the snow outdoors and their hands were red with cold.
4. The boy glared at the nobleman, his hands clenched and teeth set.
=The boy glared at the nobleman, and his hands were clenched and teeth were set.
男孩儿紧握拳头，牙关紧咬，怒目而视这个贵族。
5. The boy was sitting there silently, his head facing the wall.
=The boy was sitting there silently and his head facing the wall.
综合练习1. Silver is the best conductor of electricity, copper _____it closely.
A followed B following C to follow D being followed
2. A new technique _______, the yields（产量） as a whole increased by 20 percent.
A working out B having worked out
C having been worked out D to have been worked out 3._________, the text became easier for us to learn.
Explaining new words
B. New words explained
C. Being explained new words
D. Having explained new words
4.___________, the patient can leave the hospital.
A. Better conditions B. Conditions better C. Conditions are better D. Being better conditions5.________, we’d like to go outing.
Being Sunday B. Sunday OK
C. Sunday is OK D. If Sunday OK
6. _________, so you can wait a while
A.The play is still on B. The play being still on
C.As the play is still on D. The play still on7. The boy followed the nobleman here, ___________.
a sword in hand B. a sword in his hand B. being a sword in hand D. sword in hand
8. He left the office, __________.
tears being in eyes B. tears in eyes
C. being tears in eyes
D. with tears being in eyes9. _________, the patient would have recovered himself soon.
If the treatment was in time
B. The treatment in time
C. The treatment being in time
D. A,B and C
10. We have lessons every day, ___________.
Sunday included B. Sunday including
C. Sunday is including D. all the above11. With the man ______ us ahead, we will have no trouble finding the village.
To guide B. Guiding
C. Guided D. To have guided
12. With a lot of work_____, she doesn’t have time to rest.
A. to do B. to be done
C. doing D. done13. our problem ________, we all felt happy.
to settle B. to be settled
C. settled D. being settled
14. ____________, the teacher told the class to go through the text
Checking the answers
B. Checked the answers
C. When checking the answers
D. The answers checked 独立主格结构与独立成分的异同
1、有些分词短语可以独立存在,在句子中没有逻辑上的主语,实际上已经变成了习惯用法。这些短语有:
Generally speaking 总的说来
Frankly speaking 坦率地说
Judging from 从……判断
Supposing 假设,等等。
① Generally speaking, the rule is very easy to understand. 总的说来,这条规则很容易懂。
②Judging from what he said, he must be an honest man. 由他所说的来判断,他一定是一个诚实的人。2、有些固定短语是带 to 的不定式,表明说话人的立场或态度,在句中作独立成分。这些短语有:
to be honest老实说
to be sure 确实
to tell you the truth 说实话
to cut a long story short 长话短说
to be frank 坦率地说
to make matters / things worse 更糟糕的是,等等。② To make things worse, many of the men have gone off to cities in search of higher pay, leaving women from nearby villages to carry on with the work. 情况更糟的是,许多男人都去城市找工资较高的工作,而留下附近村庄的妇女来继续承担修复工作。① To tell you the truth, I made a mistake in the word spelling. 说实话,我犯了一个拼写错误。
独立主格（一）： 独立主格结构的构成： 1、名词(代词)+现在分词、过去分词； 2、 名词(代词)+形容词 3、 名词(代词)+副词 4、 名词(代词)+不定式 5、 名词(代词) +介词短语构成1）The test finished, we began our holiday. 考试结束了，我们开始放假。 2）The experiment done, the students went on to take notes in the experiment report.
实验做完了,同学们继续在实验报告上做记录。4）He lay at full length upon his stomach, his head resting upon his left forearm.
他的脊背朝天，四肢伸展，头枕着左臂，直挺挺地趴伏着。 3）Time permitting, we can have a walk around the playground after supper.
如果时间允许,晚饭后我们可以到操场上散散步。1) Computers very small, we can use them widely.
电脑虽小,我们却能广泛地利用它们。
2) The clothes very dirty, you'd better wash them quickly.
The clothes are very dirty and you’d better wash them quickly.
衣服很脏,你快点儿洗洗吧!
3) He came into the room, his ears red with cold.
He came into the room and his ears were red with cold.
他回到了房子里，耳朵冻坏了。 1) The meeting over, our headmaster soon left the meeting-room.
散会了,校长很快就离开了会议室。
2) The lights off, we could not go on with the work.
灯熄了,我们不能继续工作了。
1）The last guest to arrive, our party was started.
最后一位客人到了,我们的晚会就开始了。
2）The building project not to be completed by the end of this month，the construction company will be fined．
如果建筑工程这个月底不结束，建筑公司将会受到罚款。1）Our English teacher came into the classroom, book in hand.
我们的英语老师走进了教室,手里拿着试卷。
2) There is a river in the valley, fresh flowers on the banks.
山谷中有一条河,河两岸长满了鲜花。
二、独立主格结构的用法
1、时间状语
2、条件状语
3、原因状语
4、伴随状语 My shoes removed, I entered a low-ceilinged room, stepping cautiously on the soft tatami matting.
After my shoes were removed, I entered a low-ceilinged room, stepping cautiously on the soft tatami matting.
（我脱掉鞋子后，走进一间屋顶很低的房间，小心翼翼地踩在柔软的塌塌米垫子上。） 2) The last guest to arrive, our party was started.
When the last guest arrived, our party was started.
（最后一位客人到了,我们的晚会就开始了。）
3) The signal given, the train started.
When the signal was given, the train started.
（信号给出以后，火车开始启动。）1）Weather permitting, they will go on an outing to the beach tomorrow.
＝If weather permits, they will go on an outing to the beach tomorrow.
(如果天气允许的话，他们将在明天组织一次海滨小游。) 2）Such being the case, you have no grounds for dismissing him.
＝If such is the case, you have no grounds for dismissing him.
(如果情况如此的话，你没有理由解聘他。)
3) All things considered，the planed trip will have to be called off．
=If all things are considered, the planed trip will have to be called off.4）Students given more exercises, teachers will spend much more time grading their papers.
=If students are given more exercises, teachers will spend much more time grading their papers.
如果给学生们多的练习，老师们将会花更多的时间批改作业。1. The storm drawing near, the nawy decided to call it a day.
＝Since the storm was drawing near, the nawy decided to call it a day.
(由于暴风雨即将来临，那个挖土小工决定收工。) 2. No one being against it，we will adopt the proposal．
=Since no one is against it, we will adopt the proposal.
（既然没人反对，这项议案我们就通过了。） 3) The weather being so bad, we have to delay our journey.
=As the weather is so bad, we have to delay our journey.
天气那么糟，旅行推迟了。 1. I took my ticket, and marched proudly up the platform, with my cheeses, the people falling back respectfully on either side.
＝I took my ticket, and marched proudly up the platform, with my cheeses, and the people fell back respectfully on either side.
(我拿着车票还有我的奶酪，雄赳赳气昂昂地跨步走向月台。人们似乎很尊敬我，纷纷向两边退去。) 2. The boy fell asleep, cap on head.
=The boy fell asleep with a cap on his head.
3. They were sweeping the snow outdoors, hands red with cold．
=They were sweeping the snow outdoors and their hands were red with cold.
4. The boy glared at the nobleman, his hands clenched and teeth set.
=The boy glared at the nobleman, and his hands were clenched and teeth were set.
男孩儿紧握拳头，牙关紧咬，怒目而视这个贵族。
5. The boy was sitting there silently, his head facing the wall.
=The boy was sitting there silently and his head facing the wall.
综合练习1. Silver is the best conductor of electricity, copper _____it closely.
A followed B following C to follow D being followed
2. A new technique _______, the yields（产量） as a whole increased by 20 percent.
A working out B having worked out
C having been worked out D to have been worked out 3._________, the text became easier for us to learn.
Explaining new words
B. New words explained
C. Being explained new words
D. Having explained new words
4.___________, the patient can leave the hospital.
A. Better conditions B. Conditions better C. Conditions are better D. Being better conditions5.________, we’d like to go outing.
Being Sunday B. Sunday OK
C. Sunday is OK D. If Sunday OK
6. _________, so you can wait a while
A.The play is still on B. The play being still on
C.As the play is still on D. The play still on7. The boy followed the nobleman here, ___________.
a sword in hand B. a sword in his hand B. being a sword in hand D. sword in hand
8. He left the office, __________.
tears being in eyes B. tears in eyes
C. being tears in eyes
D. with tears being in eyes9. _________, the patient would have recovered himself soon.
If the treatment was in time
B. The treatment in time
C. The treatment being in time
D. A,B and C
10. We have lessons every day, ___________.
Sunday included B. Sunday including
C. Sunday is including D. all the above11. With the man ______ us ahead, we will have no trouble finding the village.
To guide B. Guiding
C. Guided D. To have guided
12. With a lot of work_____, she doesn’t have time to rest.
A. to do B. to be done
C. doing D. done13. our problem ________, we all felt happy.
to settle B. to be settled
C. settled D. being settled
14. ____________, the teacher told the class to go through the text
Checking the answers
B. Checked the answers
C. When checking the answers
D. The answers checked 独立主格结构与独立成分的异同
1、有些分词短语可以独立存在,在句子中没有逻辑上的主语,实际上已经变成了习惯用法。这些短语有:
Generally speaking 总的说来
Frankly speaking 坦率地说
Judging from 从……判断
Supposing 假设,等等。
① Generally speaking, the rule is very easy to understand. 总的说来,这条规则很容易懂。
②Judging from what he said, he must be an honest man. 由他所说的来判断,他一定是一个诚实的人。2、有些固定短语是带 to 的不定式,表明说话人的立场或态度,在句中作独立成分。这些短语有:
to be honest老实说
to be sure 确实
to tell you the truth 说实话
to cut a long story short 长话短说
to be frank 坦率地说
to make matters / things worse 更糟糕的是,等等。② To make things worse, many of the men have gone off to cities in search of higher pay, leaving women from nearby villages to carry on with the work. 情况更糟的是,许多男人都去城市找工资较高的工作,而留下附近村庄的妇女来继续承担修复工作。① To tell you the truth, I made a mistake in the word spelling. 说实话,我犯了一个拼写错误。