2007届英语复习专题主谓语一致[上学期]
文档属性
| 名称 | 2007届英语复习专题主谓语一致[上学期] |  | |
| 格式 | rar | ||
| 文件大小 | 20.1KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 通用版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2006-12-23 23:34:00 | ||
图片预览
文档简介
课件37张PPT。2007届英语复习专题
主谓语一致 主谓一致是指一个句子的主语和谓语动词保持数的一致关系. 处理主谓一致一般遵循如下三个原则：
1.语法一致：指在语法形式上取得一致如：主语为单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式；主语为复数形式，谓语动词用复数形式。
2.意义一致：指从意义上处理一致关系。如：主语形式上虽为单数但意义上为复数，谓语动词也用复数形式。
3.就近原则：指谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于最靠近它的词语。
1）The boy shows his mother much attention.
2) The boys are playing outside.
3) I often help him and he often helps me.???
4) We often help each other and learn from each other.?? 1)The crowd were fighting for their lives.
2) Your new clothes fit you, but mine don't fit me.
3) The crowd were surrounding the government official.???
4) The Chinese people are brave and hard-working.??? 1) There are two teachers and a student under the tree.
2) There is a student and two teachers under the tree.
3) Not only the students but also the teacher enjoys listening to the music. 名词作主语的主谓一致
不定代词作主语
并列主语的主谓一致
表示数量的名词词组作主语
名词+介词词组
1.一般采用语法一致的原则 ① On each side of the street __________ (grow) a lot of trees.
②This book ____ very interesting. are growingis如果以名词词组作主语,谓语动词和中心词一致.
①This exercise on English idioms ___ not easy. is2.不可数名词作主语,谓语动词用单数
①The air in the mountain __ fresh.
②The information on the experiment report __ valuable.
③A great deal of money __ needed to buy books. isisis3.集合名词作主语
有些集合名词 machinery, equipment, furniture, jewellery clothing 表单数概念，用单数动词。
① The furniture in the exhibition hall ___ pleasant to look at.
② The equipment ___well maintained.isis(3) 有些集合名词 team ， audience， family ， crew ， class, public， government, enemy ，group，committee, 若作一个整体, 用单数动词; 若看为一个个成员，用复数动词。
①Smith's family ____a big one.
② The family ___ having a chat in the living room.
isare③ The population of China ___(be) over 120 million and eighty percent of the population ____ (live) in the country.
④ Why _____(have) the government have to raise the toll charges on the five highways?
THE Government ___ (be) to spend ￡124million developing a "new generation" of unmanned planes for the military.
islivedoesis (2) "the + adj/ed/ing." 采用意义一致的原则。表“人”作复数看,表“抽象物”则 作单数看.
①The young ____more active than the old in the work.?
②The injured in the accident___ an engineer.
③The beautiful ________all the tourists. areisattracts4.以S 结尾的名词.
一些表示学科的名词, physics ,maths, politics 用单数形式.
①Physics ___ a difficult subject to learn. is2) 专有名词 the United Nations, the United States. 用单数.
② The Arabian Nights ____ well known to English lovers.
③The United Nations ___founded in 1945. isis《天方夜谭》 ④The Olympic Games in the year 2,008 _____to be held in Beijing.arethe Olympic Games 可用单数也可用复数 4) 有些名词只以复数形式存在, glasses shorts, scissors, arms, clothes, goods. wages 等（见名词）用复数形式. 但有表示单数的量词与之连用, 则用单数形式。 ①My shoes _____ torn after a long hiking in the forest.
②Another pair of trousers __________(make) for me after the missing pair .
③ This pair of shoes ___ made in Nanjing. werewas madeis5)单复同形的名词, means ,species , works等（见名词）,用意义一致的原则： 如表示 单数概念, 用单数形式; 表示复数概念,用复数形式. ①The quickest means to protect wild life ___ to forbid killing wild animals.
②All means _______________ (try) to save the sick panda since.
③The iron and steel works _____________(turn out) five hundred thousand tons of steel every year.
④Another two iron and steel works ______________ (build) outside the city. ishave been triedhas turned outhas been builtall, both
采用意义一致的原则。表人或物(可数)作复数, 但 all 表“所有的一 切” 作单数. ①All that can be eaten __________________(eat up).
② --- All he has ____________________ (take away) from him.
③Both _____ (feel) that they have grown up and that they can work alone. have been eaten uphas been taken awayfeel2. some, any, few
采用意义一致的原则。 ①Some ____(be) wise and some___(be) foolish.
②Any __(be) better than none.
③_____(have) any of you actually _____ (see) a UFO?
④ Very few _____ (know) his address in the town. areareishaveseenknow 3.either, each
作主语,常用采用意义一致的原则，用单数动词。 ①Either of the two rooms ____ large enough.
Either room____ large enough.
②Neither of the two rooms ___large enough.
Neither room____ large enough.isisisis4. such
作主语时，采用意义一致的原则。 ①Such __ the situation we were facing.
②Such _____ his words. areisand, both...and 连结的并列主语
1）若代表两个不同的事物, 用复数形式.
①Both rice and cotton ______in the southern areas. (grow)
grow2）若and 连结的并列成分作主语
指同一人或物,如,salt and water, bread and butter等, 用单数形式.
①The secretary and cashier of the hotel ____ absent today.
②The secretary and the cashier of the hotel _____ absent today.
③The watch and chain ____ beautiful. isareis当 “each / every + 单数名词 + and each / every +单数名词” 结构作主语时
① During the holidays every train and ship ___crowded.
② each boy and each girl ___(have) a book.
③ No man and no woman in the village ______(know) that he is gone.isisknows〔 归纳〕
以下名词短语都可视作单数:
a watch and chain 一块带链的表，
a needle and thread 一套针线
a knife and fork 一副刀叉
a cup and saucer 一套碟子茶杯
a coat and tie 一件上衣带领带
bread and butter 奶油面包
aim and end 目的time and tide 岁月
the long and short of it 总的意思
iron and steel 钢铁
law and order 治安
soup and salad 汤与凉拌菜
hard struggle and plain living 艰苦奋斗与生活简朴
truth and honesty 真诚
child care and education 对孩子的管教
2.not only...but also..., neither...nor...,either...or...,or 连用的并列主语
① Not only I but also Jane and Mary ___tired of having one examination after another. are② Neither he nor I __ clear about his intention.
③ Either you or he __mistaken about me.
④ ____either of you a teacher? _____ you or he a teacher? isisAre Are 1.数词+量度或时间的复数名词作主语:
①Twenty dollars in a week ___ only a small sum
②Three hours with your girl friend _________ (seem) to be short time.
③ It was reported that six __________ (kill) including a boy. isseemswere killed 2. a number of.... :表" 一些",后接复数名词,用复数动词; the number of ... 表" ... 的数目" 后接单数名词, 用单数动词.
①Only a small number of people ____ present at the meeting
②The number of people present at the meeting ____ small. wereis3.百分数, 分数, enough, rest, part 作主语
①All the money ____ spent, but I think part of it ____ wasted.
② Half of his goods ______ (be) stolen the other day.
③Half of nurses _____dismissed but it was he, not you, who ______wrong. isiswerewerewas4.“more than one + 单数名词” 结构
“ more + 复数名词 + than one ” 结构
More than one girl ____(have) answered that question.
More members than one _____ (have) protested against the proposal. hashave6. “a +单数名词+ or two ” 结构，多用单数单词。
A day or two is enough.
但“ one or two + 复数名词” 结构，多用复数动词。
One or two months have passed.
7. one and a half + 复数名词作主语,用单数动词.
One and a half bananas is left on the table. 但近年来一些国外的权威词书(如《朗文当代英语词典》、 夸克等的《英语语法大全》等) 都认为其谓语要根据该结构中名词的单复数而分别使用单数或复数。如： One and a half months have passed since I saw him.=Amonth and a half has passed since I saw him. 我已有一个半月没看到他了。（引自《朗文当代英语词典》） V. 名词+介词词组(with ,as well as , except, but, along with, together with, rather than 作主语时,动词形式取决于 作主语名词的单复数.
①John, as well as his friends, _______ ( not )think much of the book.
②All but one _____ here just now.
③Mrs. Jones together with his two daughters____________ (wait) for it. doesn’twerewas waiting
主谓语一致 主谓一致是指一个句子的主语和谓语动词保持数的一致关系. 处理主谓一致一般遵循如下三个原则：
1.语法一致：指在语法形式上取得一致如：主语为单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式；主语为复数形式，谓语动词用复数形式。
2.意义一致：指从意义上处理一致关系。如：主语形式上虽为单数但意义上为复数，谓语动词也用复数形式。
3.就近原则：指谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于最靠近它的词语。
1）The boy shows his mother much attention.
2) The boys are playing outside.
3) I often help him and he often helps me.???
4) We often help each other and learn from each other.?? 1)The crowd were fighting for their lives.
2) Your new clothes fit you, but mine don't fit me.
3) The crowd were surrounding the government official.???
4) The Chinese people are brave and hard-working.??? 1) There are two teachers and a student under the tree.
2) There is a student and two teachers under the tree.
3) Not only the students but also the teacher enjoys listening to the music. 名词作主语的主谓一致
不定代词作主语
并列主语的主谓一致
表示数量的名词词组作主语
名词+介词词组
1.一般采用语法一致的原则 ① On each side of the street __________ (grow) a lot of trees.
②This book ____ very interesting. are growingis如果以名词词组作主语,谓语动词和中心词一致.
①This exercise on English idioms ___ not easy. is2.不可数名词作主语,谓语动词用单数
①The air in the mountain __ fresh.
②The information on the experiment report __ valuable.
③A great deal of money __ needed to buy books. isisis3.集合名词作主语
有些集合名词 machinery, equipment, furniture, jewellery clothing 表单数概念，用单数动词。
① The furniture in the exhibition hall ___ pleasant to look at.
② The equipment ___well maintained.isis(3) 有些集合名词 team ， audience， family ， crew ， class, public， government, enemy ，group，committee, 若作一个整体, 用单数动词; 若看为一个个成员，用复数动词。
①Smith's family ____a big one.
② The family ___ having a chat in the living room.
isare③ The population of China ___(be) over 120 million and eighty percent of the population ____ (live) in the country.
④ Why _____(have) the government have to raise the toll charges on the five highways?
THE Government ___ (be) to spend ￡124million developing a "new generation" of unmanned planes for the military.
islivedoesis (2) "the + adj/ed/ing." 采用意义一致的原则。表“人”作复数看,表“抽象物”则 作单数看.
①The young ____more active than the old in the work.?
②The injured in the accident___ an engineer.
③The beautiful ________all the tourists. areisattracts4.以S 结尾的名词.
一些表示学科的名词, physics ,maths, politics 用单数形式.
①Physics ___ a difficult subject to learn. is2) 专有名词 the United Nations, the United States. 用单数.
② The Arabian Nights ____ well known to English lovers.
③The United Nations ___founded in 1945. isis《天方夜谭》 ④The Olympic Games in the year 2,008 _____to be held in Beijing.arethe Olympic Games 可用单数也可用复数 4) 有些名词只以复数形式存在, glasses shorts, scissors, arms, clothes, goods. wages 等（见名词）用复数形式. 但有表示单数的量词与之连用, 则用单数形式。 ①My shoes _____ torn after a long hiking in the forest.
②Another pair of trousers __________(make) for me after the missing pair .
③ This pair of shoes ___ made in Nanjing. werewas madeis5)单复同形的名词, means ,species , works等（见名词）,用意义一致的原则： 如表示 单数概念, 用单数形式; 表示复数概念,用复数形式. ①The quickest means to protect wild life ___ to forbid killing wild animals.
②All means _______________ (try) to save the sick panda since.
③The iron and steel works _____________(turn out) five hundred thousand tons of steel every year.
④Another two iron and steel works ______________ (build) outside the city. ishave been triedhas turned outhas been builtall, both
采用意义一致的原则。表人或物(可数)作复数, 但 all 表“所有的一 切” 作单数. ①All that can be eaten __________________(eat up).
② --- All he has ____________________ (take away) from him.
③Both _____ (feel) that they have grown up and that they can work alone. have been eaten uphas been taken awayfeel2. some, any, few
采用意义一致的原则。 ①Some ____(be) wise and some___(be) foolish.
②Any __(be) better than none.
③_____(have) any of you actually _____ (see) a UFO?
④ Very few _____ (know) his address in the town. areareishaveseenknow 3.either, each
作主语,常用采用意义一致的原则，用单数动词。 ①Either of the two rooms ____ large enough.
Either room____ large enough.
②Neither of the two rooms ___large enough.
Neither room____ large enough.isisisis4. such
作主语时，采用意义一致的原则。 ①Such __ the situation we were facing.
②Such _____ his words. areisand, both...and 连结的并列主语
1）若代表两个不同的事物, 用复数形式.
①Both rice and cotton ______in the southern areas. (grow)
grow2）若and 连结的并列成分作主语
指同一人或物,如,salt and water, bread and butter等, 用单数形式.
①The secretary and cashier of the hotel ____ absent today.
②The secretary and the cashier of the hotel _____ absent today.
③The watch and chain ____ beautiful. isareis当 “each / every + 单数名词 + and each / every +单数名词” 结构作主语时
① During the holidays every train and ship ___crowded.
② each boy and each girl ___(have) a book.
③ No man and no woman in the village ______(know) that he is gone.isisknows〔 归纳〕
以下名词短语都可视作单数:
a watch and chain 一块带链的表，
a needle and thread 一套针线
a knife and fork 一副刀叉
a cup and saucer 一套碟子茶杯
a coat and tie 一件上衣带领带
bread and butter 奶油面包
aim and end 目的time and tide 岁月
the long and short of it 总的意思
iron and steel 钢铁
law and order 治安
soup and salad 汤与凉拌菜
hard struggle and plain living 艰苦奋斗与生活简朴
truth and honesty 真诚
child care and education 对孩子的管教
2.not only...but also..., neither...nor...,either...or...,or 连用的并列主语
① Not only I but also Jane and Mary ___tired of having one examination after another. are② Neither he nor I __ clear about his intention.
③ Either you or he __mistaken about me.
④ ____either of you a teacher? _____ you or he a teacher? isisAre Are 1.数词+量度或时间的复数名词作主语:
①Twenty dollars in a week ___ only a small sum
②Three hours with your girl friend _________ (seem) to be short time.
③ It was reported that six __________ (kill) including a boy. isseemswere killed 2. a number of.... :表" 一些",后接复数名词,用复数动词; the number of ... 表" ... 的数目" 后接单数名词, 用单数动词.
①Only a small number of people ____ present at the meeting
②The number of people present at the meeting ____ small. wereis3.百分数, 分数, enough, rest, part 作主语
①All the money ____ spent, but I think part of it ____ wasted.
② Half of his goods ______ (be) stolen the other day.
③Half of nurses _____dismissed but it was he, not you, who ______wrong. isiswerewerewas4.“more than one + 单数名词” 结构
“ more + 复数名词 + than one ” 结构
More than one girl ____(have) answered that question.
More members than one _____ (have) protested against the proposal. hashave6. “a +单数名词+ or two ” 结构，多用单数单词。
A day or two is enough.
但“ one or two + 复数名词” 结构，多用复数动词。
One or two months have passed.
7. one and a half + 复数名词作主语,用单数动词.
One and a half bananas is left on the table. 但近年来一些国外的权威词书(如《朗文当代英语词典》、 夸克等的《英语语法大全》等) 都认为其谓语要根据该结构中名词的单复数而分别使用单数或复数。如： One and a half months have passed since I saw him.=Amonth and a half has passed since I saw him. 我已有一个半月没看到他了。（引自《朗文当代英语词典》） V. 名词+介词词组(with ,as well as , except, but, along with, together with, rather than 作主语时,动词形式取决于 作主语名词的单复数.
①John, as well as his friends, _______ ( not )think much of the book.
②All but one _____ here just now.
③Mrs. Jones together with his two daughters____________ (wait) for it. doesn’twerewas waiting