浙江省省高中英语新课程培训资料包[上下学期通用]

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名称 浙江省省高中英语新课程培训资料包[上下学期通用]
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更新时间 2007-02-22 13:05:00

文档简介

从阅读走向阅读
阅读学习策略讨论
——谈师本发展
金善董
关键词:教师解答、教师解析、教师解读、
教师成长、师本发展
引言
教师TED Training Education Development
师本发展研究进程已获各方面共识;教师学科带头人的培养及教师团队发展研究已进入行动研究领域;而教师学习阅读中的教师阅读札记及教师主题发言、数据报告令人瞩目;教师思考及学生阅读的关系已进入自主、合作、互动式的课堂;其中阻碍教师转变的内在因素及教师转变的内涵机制正日益受到重视;教师优秀群体的产生和培育及学生学习知识的建构模式已进入专业课题研究;教师反思行动证明及探究式、发现式学习已进入说课程序;教师叙述探寻正以全新的视野角度进入学生教育的本质理解。
教师学习、教师阅读、教师理解、教师形成自己信念、教师决策有根有据、教师研究方法的完善、教师科研成果的产生——学生有希望。
教师有疑问,如“怎么教学生才效率高啊?”有一种回答是这样的:你的经历、你的观点、你的信念正在告诉你“怎样避免低效、无效劳动”,避免了低效、无效,高效自然产生。
教师学会研究自己的教学、教师学会培养学生的策略——从语言记忆理解跨出至关重要的一步:语言应用。将语言应用的理念转化为课堂学习的内化机制,让学生用英语说事,让学生用英语做事,让学生用英语想事。
教师培训学习、教师思考反思、教师工作场讨论,都依赖于教师本身的阅读。凡有所读皆成性格与胸怀。
教师阅读学习,学生有希望。学生发展了教师才有可能真正得到发展。
谁来关怀教师群体?
教师自我关怀作为开始。先学习,先自我关怀,自己先弄清课改发展的关键是自身发展。
自身发展伴随着一个原理:在新教材的使用中成长;在学生的发展中成长。
教师成长是关键词:师本——校本——生本
一、单元学习解答,解析及解读
1、导入什么,怎么导入?
Starter一词比较warming-up启动教学——主题、话题、任务导入
Target
Theme Topic Task
a.方法导入:Questionnaire Survey (调查问卷形式)
b.图表导入:(charts pictures )
c.小组讨论导入:(Group Discussion )
d.心理认知导入:(Cognitive psychology)
e.目标语言导入:(Goal-lead-in)
f.词汇语法导入
g.阅读话题导入
h.主题真实导入:导入以一种通释,体悟,诠解的方式进入教师视野。
导入有其特殊功能,导入是单元全篇的开局,导入功能中自主学习应用而生。
教师角色:starter elicitator
2、阅读是什么,怎么阅读?
a.话题阅读——话题中的词汇、语法项目循环及语言运用任务的实现。
b.言语及语言篇章
①体裁与题材(300-400-500-600)
②阅读与理解的二重性(Anne’s best friend)
阅读中学生自主性:pre-rooding 中“友谊及朋友”的讨论呈现中日记体叙述既是文本材料阅读又是学习中的“朋友”。日记作为叙述体,情感表达与语言进步是一个启示。
③阅读中的意义理解:问答连句多项选择诠解文章主旨及细节。
④阅读中的功能体现:态度、同意不同意,肯定/在体现功能句的时候,语言结构词汇产生通解、描述,观点交流、结交朋友及朋友意义的讨论使语言产生意义。
⑤教师角色:negotiator , monitor
体现教师角色:variety, flexibility
⑥关键词:功能句的运用
注:阅读与理解分开处理,功能不同;预读与阅读要分开,体现链接作用;意义与结构是功能意义关系,意义在先。
阅读配套的系列使用目的:
学生语言有自我生成性:词及句的复用
教师语言教学效能性:词与句的活用
eg:直接引语、间接引语、定语从句
⑦作为阅读评价者:过程意义化;词句体悟化,释义通解演绎到归纳。
问题:阅读技能的发展如何有效推动听说技能的发展?
3、语言学习与语言应用
词汇及句子(定语从句)的练习配套
关键词:词走向词法
句走向句法
连词成句,语句解释及运用例句。
教师角色:monitor prompter assessor
语言运用是目的地,4会综合中再阅读听一段对话,通过问卷调查进入写作程序。Reading as a process.
关键词:读写一体化
词法句法走向篇章表达连句成文
4、关于口语,活动及写作活动
口语活动中的小组互动合作模式,阅读后讨论:言语建构
口语讨论是通解文本,课堂讨论中的口语活动在较真实的语境下有双向交互特征(writing as process)。
5、关于自我评价
a.语言掌握——单元目标达成
b.语言表达——speech and writing
单元目标的实现途径。
单元整体设计
二、阅读学习策略养成
策略是对方法的选用,适用及活用。
关键词:少讲、多做、精评
教师应对策略:
1、策略——MMII原理
Mechanical Training
Meaningful practice
Interactive activities
Integrative tasks
教材设计及课堂运用进阶原理
2、IG RG OG
原理信息
Information Gap (文本推理学习过程处理)
Reasoning Gap
Opinion Gap
3、高频词与功能句设计运用原理
①高频词(word-Frequency)
定义1:单元中能满足交流需求的词;单元中复现率三次以上的词,单元中有效表达的词。
定义2:具有较高频率的复现率并能在较真实情境中必须用到的词。
形式:高频词有释义,有运用句型样例。
②功能句(Functional Sentence)
定义1:在功能运用(如同意不同意、态度等)中常用的表达句式。
定义2:具有上下文意义引导功能及隐含典型语法结构的句子(如定语从句格式)
对策:高频词与功能句式连体设计,单词与句式不脱离,词句篇一体化设计。
高频词与功能句式的训练与课堂交流场景紧密训练的方式可实现言语篇章的监控及综合写作能力的转换。
4、读写一体化7+1原理
阅读过程7步
写作过程1步
①阅读写作的关系
②阅读语篇范本学习
参考步骤:1、词、词组辨析及比较
2、句式分析套用及对照
3、连词、连接词链接句子
4、It,as,which等小品词欣赏
5、修辞欣赏、明喻、喑喻、排比等
6、人物性格、习惯、外表、描述
7、体裁话题组织叙述
写作1步(drafting-editing-rewriting)
5、Note-taking——Note-making 原理
3I运用:Input-Intake-Insight
Output
①Teacher facilitated and students-dominated.
②Do“thinking-aloud”Reading to model your cognitive and meta cognitive strategies and thought processes.
③“Critical Content”Reading中highlighters(启示点)
rationale convincing points.
6、MDE Logue学习原理(独白、对白、写白)
Repeat
① Monologue Recite
语言内化过程 Retell
rehearsal
interpretation
目标:每单元有一个连贯的长段叙述的,演说能力(写作基础1)自主学习成果。
Text-based
peer-based
②Dialogue language-based
discussion-based
interview-based
Monologue-based dialogrue
目标:依托独自进行对话,以问题连续体及问题思考为引导,进行质疑及讨论,形成性评价应运而生,(写作基础2)合作学习成果。
③Epilogue
listening-based
speaking-based
Epilogue Abstraction-based(缩写)
Extension-based(扩写)
Topic-based
目标:在独白对白基础上进入4会技能领域综合运用语言程序,提升话语篇章的写作能力。
7、问题阅读五步推进
①literal facts (what which)
②reorganized (FW-FC高效词、功能句)
③Inference (练习系列设计)
④evaluated (文章欣赏及推理)
⑤personal ideas
8、TD(Transitional Device)
SI——TD——OP
Sophisticated Input (复杂的语言文字)
Transitional Device (图表等转换手法)
Output Competence (学生有效表达基础)
1)语言信息表格化
2)文字信息可视化
3)阅读过程信息项目功能化
4)语言重难点高频词、功能句显示化
5)学生表达依据理性化
6)学生预习及课堂讨论主动化
TD学习策略是针对程度差的学生设计的——差生进步是课改关键
9、Post Reading 阅读后学习原理
DRRG讨论
D——Discussing questions 问题讨论
R-Reproducing the text 连词成句(Prompts)
R-Role play 角色转换活动练习
G-Gap-filling 完型及语篇落实
10、语篇表达中的学习原理
Organization (文章意义连贯表述)
Layout (文章布局,如信件格式)
Style (口头体与笔头体特征)
Register (得体运用例证)
11、阅读中语流导向中心的口语训练,如何突破听力障碍。
语流功能 (process-speech Approach)
三种语流 (Flow of speech)
特征:fluent natural
smooth genuine
一、Base基础音
重重 what’s this , not yet, please do……
轻重轻 I’d like to, she’s ready
重轻重 Hurry up , Do it now
轻重轻轻 A friend of mine, an-exercise-book
二、流畅音
(1)重轻重轻 wait a moment /Glad to see you
(2)轻重轻重 A lot of noise. I’ve no idea.
(3)重轻轻重 What’s to be done?
Where have you been?
(4)重轻轻轻重 Come and have some tea
Let me take your heart
三、说话音
轻重轻轻轻重 It doesn’t make much sense
There isn’t any need
(2)轻重轻轻重轻轻 I think that he wants us to
You ’ve practiced it perfectly
(3)轻重轻重轻轻重 He thinks that she wants him to go
(4)轻重轻轻轻重轻轻轻重 I shouldn’t be surprised if he forgot.
高中阶段语音处理:
(1)语音语调节奏等诸因素进入语流层面,语流属地道的原文节奏的接近表达。
(2)高中阶段进入语流是进入表达阶段,语音更趋节奏感。
(3)词汇语法项目借助语流表达进入讨论项目更能表达作者的意图及态度。
(4)英美发音无优劣,流利是目标,英语本土化:非英语国家英语本土地也占一席之地(非洲、印度等)中国式英语怎么样表达的?
(5)高中阶段更应注重词义节奏及句法郎诵进入记忆及理解。
(6)恰如其分的调子节奏语流进入语用,高中是语音发展的高级阶段。
(7)说是突破听力障碍的根本原因
eg:12句型突破听力障碍(略)
12、语法项目功能化
——语法结构系统化
点评:语法是用来说话的。
①教师技能培训主要在这一块
②每篇课文的功能句都可进入语流程序
如功能6 FACT
eg: The whole basis of what I’m proposing to you, neither for profit, nor for personal gain, is to make you less busy.
③语言、语流、语用、语域、语句、语篇
13、高中阶段写作——学习档案portfolio
①每周一篇当堂作文,一篇笔记随笔
②自我数据跟踪:词语、语句错误率及通顺率分析
③学习档案袋的建立主要通过写作过程的形成及学生作文的进步记录。
④学生对自己作文的复评(rewriting)
⑤同伴修改作文(peer-correction)
⑥当堂点评、修改、分析
⑦作文错误是学习进步的机会
写作成长:写作才会更重视阅读篇章特征。
14、语篇技能中的核心词运用,核心词判断解题
高中语篇策略性解题一、二、三
举例(略)
目的:学生会运用,有语言意识、会读后解题。
Choiced information with informed choices.
15、现场阅读讨论中的现场问题追问策略
①有效追踪学习者思路中思想中的闪光点;
②学生依据自身生活经历,思绪方法而进入讨论点,教师会当场引导学生进入信息分辩,可能性确认,因果关系推断。
③语篇无法预设的部分,预设部分没用到,从学生“潜台词”引导小组讨论,推测作者态度,推测已有信息修正推测。
④追问有价值意义的部分。提供有效帮助,从而进入语句形态解悟。
⑤学生确认长句与短句表达样句,解悟语篇逻辑关系;进入表意功能,让学生举例、解释、详述、讨论、评论、假设、断言、评价,教师引导指示,启发学生观点产生。
⑥“追问”旨在让学生进入思考程序及讨论判断程序,随着追问深入,学生决定及观点随之产生。
⑦探寻“追问”让学生进入句法思考,在句法理解中进入语篇探寻。
16、文本取舍
①Matching——改变教材一些内容特征来满足学生实际的需要,教材是帮助学生产现目标的得力助手。
②原则:①personalizing 内容个人化
②individualizing 兴趣个性化
③localizing 本土化
④modernizing 现代化
③方法处理Adaptation
adding-deleting-omitting, modifying simplifying-rewriting
-reordering-reducing-extension-branching-adapting
④教师角色:resources-provider
17、话题阅读材料的搜索
①Text+material策略(高三)
②阅读话题中词汇、语法结构在各种文本的阅读中复现在不同的上下文,从而让学生悟出运用含义。
③话题循环在综合技能活动中,学生对语言的最终处理及输出反应在阅读表达上。
18、大语篇策略与选修模块的溶合
(略)模块1-5 6-8 9-11
19、语篇“问题解决”
三、学生十大习惯养成(单元学习)
(1)读书笔记(每周一篇独白演练)
(2)课后归纳
(3)有问题意识会提问
(4)课外阅读计划
(5)查资料作比对
(6)用字典(英英)
(7)小组同伴对话(每周对话五次以上)
(8)会辩论及竞赛
(9)作文写作(每周一篇)
(10)会总结评价(自评互评)
四、教师十大研究要点
(1)教材评析及教师应对策略
(2)单元教学中的导入功能及方式讨论
(3)读说写一体化操作案例评价
(4)连词成句,连句成篇的模式与策略构建
(5)《LOGUE》学习法讨论及单元目标的学习
(6)阅读话题中的语言循环及语言运用任务的实现
(7)论课堂训练中的链接程序(MMII)
(8)论阅读教学中的三进程原理及问题分类
(9)论高中生自主合作学习中的评价策略(AC+3F+2P)
(10)论生本、校本、师本关系
五、参考书目
1、Carlgren,I.,G.Handal & S.Vaage(eds.)1994.Teachers’Mind andn Actions:Research on Teachers’Thinking and Practice. London:Falmer Press.
2、Donnelly,J.F.1999.Schooling Heidegger:on being in teaching. Teaching and Teacher Education Vol.15:933-949.
3、Freeman,D.2002.The hidden side of the work:Teacher knowledge and learning to teach.Language Teaching35(1):1-13.
4、Fullan,M.1991.The New Meaning of Educational Change.Cassel Educational Limited.
5、Richards,J.C.1998.Beyond Training. Cambridge:Cambridge University Press.
5jz060721 外语教学的情感态度、文化意识研究 吴本虎.doc
1. 提纲
第一部分 在高中新课程实验中如何实现情感态度目标?
在《课标》中对情感态度提出了哪些要求?
中学英语教师运用情感因素方面现状如何?
在运用情感因素方面有哪些可借鉴的经验?
如何落实《课标》中提出的情感态度目标?
怎样运用人教版新教材实现情感态度目标?
第二部分 在高中新课程实验中如何实现文化意识目标?
在《课标》中对文化意识提出了哪些要求?
在增强文化意识方面有哪些可借鉴的经验?
怎样运用人教版新教材实现文化意识目标?
(第二部分 在高中新课程实验中如何实现文化意识目标?
在《课标》中对文化意识提出了哪些要求?
中学英语教师培养文化意识方面现状如何?
在培养文化意识方面有哪些可借鉴的经验?
如何落实《课标》中提出的文化意识目标?
怎样运用人教版新教材实现文化意识目标?)
2. 待网络查询的关键词
"friendship questionnaire"
"best friend" "moving story"
"friendship means"
3. 参考文献
周榕、何广铿,2005,对中学英语教师在教学中运用情感因素的现状调查,《中小学外语教学》第2期,1-5页。
何杨,2005,谈克服外语学习焦虑的有效对策,《中小学外语教学》第12期,1-5页。
马德容,2005,对外语学习中情感因素的再认识,《中小学外语教学》第7期,1-4页。
黄正翠,2005,高中英语教学中实施情感态度教育的尝试,《中小学外语教学》第12期,23-26页。
4. 拟调用文件
●拟调用文件:
▲调用文件: E:~w3e课程研究方法语言学与外语教学研究方法_0601 嘉兴学院 17-20日硕士学位课_研究方法:参考材料~普通高中英语课程标准普通高中英语课程标准05~第三部分 内容标准:三、情感态度.htm
●调用实施计划:
插入位置:
5. NSEFC中的单元话题功能
Bk
Unit
Unit title
Topics
Functional items
1
1
Friendship
◆Friends and friendship
◆Interpersonal relationships
◆Attitudes
◆Agreement & disagreement
◆Certainty
1
2
English around the world
◆English language and its development
◆Different kinds of Englishes
◆Difficulties in language communication
1
3
Travel journal
◆Travelling
◆Describing a journey
◆Good wishes
◆Farewells
◆Means of transportation
1
4
Earthquakes
◆Basic knowledge about earthquakes
◆How to protect oneself and help others in disasters
◆Talking about past experiences
1
5
Nelson Mandela ─ a modern hero
◆The qualities of a great person
◆The life of some great people
◆Giving opinions
◆Making comments
2
1
Cultural relics
◆Cultural relics protection
◆Famous cultural relics in China and abroad
◆Asking for opinions
◆Giving opinions
2
2
The Olympic Games
◆Ancient and modern Olympic Games
◆Physical education
◆Talking about interests and hobbies
◆Agreement & disagreement
2
3
Computers
◆Information technology
◆History and basic knowledge of computers
◆Making decisions
◆Reasoning
2
4
Wildlife protection
◆The importance of wildlife protection
◆Intentions & purposes
2
5
Music
◆Music
◆Different types of music
◆Making suggestions
◆Talking about preference
3
1
Festivals around the world
◆Festivals
◆How festivals begin
◆How to celebrate festivals
◆Request and thanks
3
2
Healthy eating
◆Problems with diet
◆Balanced diet and nutrition
◆Suggestions and advice
◆Seeing the doctor
◆Agreement and disagreement
3
3
课件43张PPT。1英语教学的情感态度、文化意识研究 浙江师范大学外国语学院 吴本虎 2006年7月21日浙江省高中英语新课程骨干教师省级培训
Targeting Affective Growth and Cross-cultural Transcendence in English Language Learning
─ An Inquiry into Affect and Culture in ELT2第一部分 在高中新课程实验中如何实现情感态度目标?() 3在《课标》中对情感态度提出了哪些要求?() 41.1 《普通高中英语课程标准》中有关情感态度的基本理念是什么?(普通高中英语课程标准, 2003: 3)51.2 《普通高中英语课程标准》中所指的“情感态度”包括哪些组成部分? (普通高中英语课程标准, 2003: 17-18) 61.3 《普通高中英语课程标准》中的七级和八级情感态度目标是如何描述的?(普通高中英语课程标准, 2003: 18) 72. 中学英语教师运用情感因素方面现状如何?() 82.1 在中学英语教师看来,哪些是影响英语学习的最重要因素?(周榕、何广铿,2005: 2) 92.2 中学英语教师对情感因素的重视程度如何?(周榕、何广铿,2005: 2) 102.3 中学英语教师对情感因素的作用有着怎样的认识?(周榕、何广铿,2005: 2) 112.4 英语教师主要在哪些方面运用情感因素?(周榕、何广铿,2005: 3) 122.5 中学英语教师是在何种程度上明确情感目标的?(周榕、何广铿,2005: 3) 132.6 中学英语教师是在何种程度上落实情感目标的?(周榕、何广铿,2005: 4) 142.7 中学英语教师在落实情感目标方面的主要问题有哪些?(周榕、何广铿,2005: 4) 153. 在运用情感因素方面有哪些可借鉴的经验?() 163.1 何如利用教材实现情感态度目标?(王莉敏, 2004: 6-9) 173.2 在英语教学中实施情感教学有哪些途径和方法?(冯玉芳, 2005: 89-90) 183.3 怎样在作业批语中展示自己的情感魅力?(叶庆文, 2003: 19) 194. 如何落实《课标》中提出的情感态度目标?() 204.1 应当从哪些方面去认识落实情感态度目标的的意义?(程晓堂等, 2006: 8-9) 214.2 如何在英语教学中培养和发展学生积极的情感态度?[高中培训资料] 国家《英语课程标准》问答, 2005. ◆ 225. 怎样运用人教版新教材实现情感态度目标?() 235.1 如何围绕话题激发与保持学习英语的愿望与兴趣?() 245.1a 如何围绕话题激发与保持学习英语的愿望与兴趣?() 255.1b 如何围绕话题激发与保持学习英语的愿望与兴趣?(Google ◆; Yahoo ◆) 265.1c 如何围绕话题激发与保持学习英语的愿望与兴趣?(Yahoo: Friendship means) 275.2 怎样使学生增强爱国主义意识,拓展国际视野?(Gates: Vista…China) 285.2a 怎样使学生增强爱国主义意识,拓展国际视野?(Gates: Vista…China) 29第二部分 在高中新课程实验中如何实现文化意识目标?() 30在《课标》中对情感态度提出了哪些要求?() 311.1 《普通高中英语课程标准》中所指的“文化意识”包括哪些组成部分? (普通高中英语课程标准, 2003: 21) 321.2 我们需要如何提高对《普通高中英语课程标准》中文化意识目标的认识? (普通高中英语课程标准, 2003: 21) 331.3 我们应当怎样实现《普通高中英语课程标准》所提出的文化意识目标? (普通高中英语课程标准, 2003: 21-22) 341.4 《普通高中英语课程标准》中的七级和八级文化意识目标是如何描述的?(普通高中英语课程标准, 2003: 22) 351.4a 《普通高中英语课程标准》中的七级和八级文化意识目标是如何描述的?(普通高中英语课程标准, 2003: 22) 362. 在增强文化意识方面有哪些可借鉴的经验?() 372.1 怎样将文化意识导入与渗透于教学中?(成都七中 刘钰, 2003: ) 382.2 培养学生的跨文化意识有哪些途径?(余姚中学 王秋红, 2003: 57-58◆) 392.3 在培养学生文化意识方面还有哪些可供利用的资源? () 403. 怎样运用人教版新教材实现文化意识目标?() 413.1 如何利用报刊新闻、网络资源丰富课堂教学?(Car: License Plate; Google: Unlucky number 13) 42参考文献() 43Thank You杭州湾大桥浙江省高中英语新课程骨干教师省级培训方案
根据教育部教师司[2006]18号文件精神,依照《基础教育课程改革纲要(试行)》和《普通高中英语课程标准(实验)》所传达的教育理念,并按照《浙江省教育厅关于开展普通高中新课程培训工作的通知》的要求,为保证我省普通高中英语学科教师培训工作和新课程实验的顺利进行,特制定本方案。
一、培训指导思想和目标
通过培训,使参训教师理解和把握高中英语新课程的教育理念,了解《普通高中英语课程标准》的内涵,准确把握英语新教材的特点,提高课堂教学和研究的能力, 为高中英语新教材的实施做好准备。
二、培训任务和方式
1、了解高中新课程实验的意义,深入领会高中新课程改革方案的精神,树立与新课程相适应的课程观、教学观、学生观、学习观、评价观,提高参与英语课程改革实验的责任感。
2、学习《普通高中英语课程标准(实验)》和学科教学改革的发展趋势,重点学习和了解英语学科课程课程标准的内涵。
3、学习和了解英语学科教材的体系结构、编写意图、教学要求、模块分配和教法研究等内容,探索模块教学的实施策略和有效教学方法。
4、本次培训以讲座为主,结合研讨和对话。
三、培训内容
1、通识培训(半天)
2、英语课程标准解读及实施方案指导意见(半天)
3、人教版《英语》实验教科书的编写思路与总体分析(半天)
4、新教材实验省教学经验介绍(半天)
5、新教材1—4模块编写意图说明及使用策略(半天)
6、外语教学的情感态度、文化意识、学习策略研究(半天)
7、新教材的阅读教学策略(半天)
四、培训专家
人民教育出版社专家
高中英语新课程实验省名师
蔡铁权 浙江师范大学教授 浙江省基础教育课程改革专家工作组成员
吴本虎 浙江师范大学教授 浙江省基础教育课程改革专家工作组成员
李冬梅 浙江省普通高中新课程改革专业指导委员会成员
浙江省教育厅教研室 特级教师
夏谷鸣 浙江省普通高中新课程改革专业指导委员会成员
杭州外国语学校 特级教师
潘建男 浙江省普通高中新课程改革专业指导委员会成员
湖州第二中学 特级教师
周道义 浙江省普通高中新课程改革专业指导委员会成员
宁波市奉化中学 特级教师
蔡美莲 浙江省普通高中新课程改革专业指导委员会成员
丽水市教研室 高级教师
葛炳芳 浙江省普通高中新课程改革专业指导委员会成员
桐乡教育局教研室 高级教师
周建林 浙江省普通高中新课程改革专业指导委员会成员
余杭第二高级中学 高级教师
诸才章 浙江省普通高中新课程改革专业指导委员会成员
金华第一中学 高级教师
林新事 浙江师范大学外国语学院 副教授
郑志恋 浙江师范大学外国语学院 副教授
金善董 浙江师范大学外国语学院
五、培训日程安排
第一期:包括温州、嘉兴、湖州三个市的培训教师
时间
培训内容
培训专家
7月18日
上午
通识培训
蔡铁权
下午
英语课程标准解读及实施方案指导意见
李冬梅
7月19日
上午
人教版《英语》实验教科书的编写思路与总体分析
人教社专家
下午
新教材实验省教学经验介绍
实验省名师
7月20日
上午
新教材模块1—4使用策略
葛炳芳、诸才章
下午
分组讨论
7月21日
上午
外语教学的情感态度、文化意识研究
外语教学的学习策略研究
吴本虎
周建林
下午
新教材的阅读教学策略(机动)
林新事
备注:1、报到时间:7月17日
2、报到地点:金华五州大酒店
第二期:包括金华、衢州、台州、舟山四个市的培训教师
时间
培训内容
培训专家
7月19日
上午
通识培训
蔡铁权
下午
英语课程标准解读及实施方案指导意见
李冬梅
7月20日
上午
人教版《英语》实验教科书的编写思路与总体分析
人教社专家
下午
新教材实验省教学经验介绍
实验省名师
7月21日
上午
新教材模块1—4使用策略
葛炳芳、诸才章
下午
分组讨论
7月22日
上午
外语教学的情感态度、文化意识研究
外语教学的学习策略研究
吴本虎
周建林
下午
新教材的阅读教学策略(机动)
林新事
备注:1、报到时间:7月18日
2、报到地点:金华市金发铁路大厦
第三期:包括杭州、宁波、绍兴、丽水四个市的培训教师
时间
培训内容
培训专家
7月20日
上午
通识培训
蔡铁权
下午
英语课程标准解读及实施方案指导意见
李冬梅
7月21日
上午
人教版《英语》实验教科书的编写思路与总体分析
人教社专家
下午
新教材实验省教学经验介绍
实验省名师
7月22日
上午
新教材模块1—4使用策略
葛炳芳、诸才章
下午
分组讨论
7月23日
上午
外语教学的情感态度、文化意识研究
外语教学的学习策略研究
吴本虎
周建林
下午
新教材的阅读教学策略(机动)
林新事
备注:1、报到时间:7月19日
2、报到地点:金华市委党校
nyt060705 First Comes the Car_ Then the USD10000 License Plate 重要 中国文化.doc
http://www.nytimes.com/2006/07/05/world/asia/05china.html?pagewanted=all

 
Asia Pacific
Guangzhou Journal
First Comes the Car, Then the $10,000 License Plate
By JIM YARDLEY
Published: July 5, 2006
GUANGZHOU, China — At a government auction inside a dingy gymnasium, a young businessman named Ding walked away a happy winner the other day. Like everyone else, he was bidding on license plates and did not seem to mind that his cost $6,750.
For the same money, Mr. Ding could almost have afforded two of the Chinese-made roadsters popular in the domestic car market. His bid was almost 20 times what a Chinese farmer earns in a year, and almost 7 times the country's per capita annual income.
And yet, in the auction in this manufacturing capital in southern China, Mr. Ding, who gave only his last name, could not even claim top price. The most expensive plate — AC6688 — fetched $10,000 on a day when officials sold hundreds of plates for a total of $366,500.
"I thought it was rather cheap," said Mr. Ding, 30, a gold chain glinting under his open black sport shirt, as he walked off with the paperwork for APY888. "Since I have a nice car, I thought I should get a nice plate."
No country is more bonkers over cars than China, where achieving the new middle-class dream means owning a shiny new vehicle. But the car is not always enough for those who aspire beyond the middle class. A license plate has become almost as much of a status symbol as the car.
The reason is the potent blend of new-money aspirations and Old World superstitions. For centuries, numbers have served as a second language in China. The unluckiest number, 4, or si, which can also mean death in Chinese, is so dreaded that some buildings have no fourth floor. The luckiest number is 8, or ba, which rhymes with fa, the Chinese character for wealth. It is no coincidence that the Summer Olympics in Beijing will open on 8/8/08 at 8 p.m.
License plates are usually issued randomly. But in a country where 100,000 people die annually in traffic accidents, a plate that ends in 4 is considered a very bad omen for a superstitious motorist; it might as well read DEATH. Yet a plate overflowing with 8's portends good fortune.
Not willing to leave owning a lucky plate merely to luck itself, many people have tried to buy them, whether as a sort of supernatural insurance policy or simply to flaunt wealth. Bribery has risen in several cities as officials have traded favorable plates for stuffed envelopes. Entrepreneurs also have tried to cash in. A man in the city of Hangzhou placed an Internet ad offering to sell his plate , A88888, for about $140,000.
But with a wide gap between the rich and poor in China, a status plate can also be an object of resentment. In December 2003, a woman in Harbin ran over and killed a peasant who had scratched her Mercedes with his vegetable cart. When the woman initially escaped charges, witnesses assumed she had government ties because her car had an expensive license plate.
The aroma of corruption was enough that officials here in southern China decided to put the plates up for public auction and announced that proceeds would be dedicated to helping accident victims. A handful of other cities have also started auctions, including Ruian in Zhejiang Province, where the Chinese news media reported that one plate recently went for more than $35,000.
Zhao Shu, chairman of the China Folk Art and Literature Association, said the infatuation with lucky plates was a gross distortion of traditional Chinese culture. "People are feeling empty and superficial," Mr. Zhao said. "They are not learning the traditional culture and they misunderstand it. It shows a very superficial culture. It's bragging by the new rich."
Mr. Zhao, who said the symbolism of numbers could be traced to Confucius as well as Taoism, said the current emphasis on 8 and 4 overlooked the fact that no number was solely lucky or unlucky. He said proper interpretation of numbers was far more nuanced and linked in meaning to the spoken language itself. Good fortune, he added, cannot be purchased with a bundle of 8's.
Yet, if anything, the public infatuation with numbers is growing. Mobile phone stores offer "lucky" numbers, some costing as much as $2,000. A regional Chinese airline reportedly paid about $300,000 to have 8888-8888 for a telephone number. Chinese newspapers reported that some parents refused to let their children ride taxis with "unlucky" license plates en route to taking the national college entrance exam.
Mao tried unsuccessfully to stamp out superstition. Now, numerology is just one of the superstitions that can make for a profitable consulting business. Some Chinese companies seek out such advice on product names, or which floor of a building to open an office, or whether the boss has a lucky telephone number.
"People have more money now and they want to spend it to get more luck," said Fang Mingyuan, who works in a Guangzhou agency that has provided such advice.
The auction in Guangzhou, the city's third, was held June 24 on Ersha Island, a sliver of soil in the Pearl River that has become home to some of the city's wealthiest people. About 200 bidders arrived on a broiling day, registered their banking information and were assigned a numbered auction paddle. Outside, the parking lot was stuffed with BMW's, Volvos, Audis and Jaguars, a few fresh off the showroom floor without license plates.
"Welcome on such a hot day," said the auctioneer, a government official in a shiny black suit. "I wish you a successful afternoon." For good measure, he added: "And I wish you luck on gambling on the World Cup."
There was no shouting, no barking from the auctioneer. A few titters arose whenever a bidding war broke out. Some bidders were merely drivers representing their bosses. "He didn't want a specific plate number, but he said that 20,000 yuan was the maximum," said Liao Ruibin of his boss's willingness to spend the equivalent of $2,500. "He has a Mercedes."
Mr. Liao spent about $1,350 of his boss's money for APL238. "He has an expensive car and wants an expensive plate to match."
A woman who spent $2,900 on APX333 said of the custom plates, "All my friends have them." Meanwhile, Mr. Ding, the salesman who spent $6,750, said his friends "all have BMW's and Mercedeses. They all have good plates." His car is a new Chrysler and he said he considered his new plate a necessity.
"It's partly about prestige and status," he said.
Not everyone wanted the most expensive plates. Lu Yao, 21, said anytime "you see a nice car with four or five 8's, people know they must be rich." She and her parents paid about $1,350 for APL128, a number that matched her birthday. Hours earlier, her mother surprised her father with a sport utility vehicle, and the family came directly from the sales lot.
"It's all these superstitions," said Ms. Lu, who attends college in California. "Apparently, my parents believe in it. We're Confucian. We believe in luck and numbers."
More Articles in International
nyt060711 Gates:80 Pct_ Chance Vista Ready in Jan 重要.doc
http://www.nytimes.com/aponline/technology/AP-South-Africa-Microsoft.html
New York Times
Gates: 80 Pct. Chance Vista Ready in Jan
By The Associated Press
Published: July 11, 2006
CAPE TOWN, South Africa (AP) -- Microsoft Corp. Chairman Bill Gates said Tuesday there was an 80 percent chance the company's next-generation operating system, Vista, would be ready in January.
However, Gates said at a presentation in Cape Town to Microsoft software partners that he would delay the launch if beta testing uncovered shortcomings.
The Vista software has been subject to a number of delays. Beta users of software test products before their full commercial release in an effort to uncover problems.
''We got to get this absolutely right,'' Gates said. ''If the feedback from the beta tests shows it is not ready for prime time, I'd be glad to delay it.''
He said Microsoft was investing $8 billion to $9 billion in developing Vista and the company's next version of Office, its key cash-generator. He said the company's software partners, in developing and adapting their own products for the two launches, would invest 20 times as much as Microsoft.
Gates said he hoped the next version of Office would be ready in December.
The new Vista operating system will have speech and visual recognition tools and be backed by strong security measures, he said. It would move away from reliance on easy-to-crack passwords to greater reliance on visual identification and software shields on Internet attacks.
He said the new Office would include the biggest set of innovations in more than a decade, citing its ability to work on documents simultaneously over the Internet.
The biggest market for these products soon will be China, Gates said. He said China was already the world's No. 1 mobile phone market and he expected it to be the world's top PC, broadband and software market within a few years.
''Everybody needs to be in China,'' he said. ''Even if only 20 percent of the population is IT-active,'' he said, this is a huge number given the country's 1.3 billion population.
China's piracy of Microsoft software will decline, he predicted, as China becomes a bigger producer of intellectual property and sees ''it will benefit as much as us'' by implementing strong intellectual-property protection. He expects the Chinese government -- which accounts for what he said was 35 percent of the country's software sales -- to buy all its software legally this year.
Gates is in South Africa to attend a Microsoft-sponsored forum of government leaders which gathers several African heads of state and former President Clinton in debates on how technology can improve the continent's competitiveness.
Gates and his wife, Melinda, also are visiting projects supported by their philanthropic organization, which has invested billions of dollars to fight diseases such as HIV-AIDS and malaria.
Shares of Microsoft dipped 8 cents to $23.42 in pre-market trading.
More Articles in Technology