unit 1. festivals around the world (reading)[下学期]

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名称 unit 1. festivals around the world (reading)[下学期]
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资源类型 教案
版本资源 人教版(新课程标准)
科目 英语
更新时间 2007-02-27 00:00:00

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信息技术和英语阅读教学的整合 ——NSEFC3第一单元Festivals阅读教学案例
乐清中学 林郁泉
【案例背景】
21世纪是知识经济时代,是信息时代。《英语课程标准》八级目标总体描述中明确要求,“能有效利用网络等多种教育资源获取和处理信息,并根据需要对所获得的信息进行整理、归纳和分析”。为此,英语课程应顺应时代的需要,特别强调现代信息技术和互联网络在英语学习中的运用,以使广大学生在网络信息环境中培养综合语言运用能力,这种能力是他们今后生活、工作和学习所不可缺少的本领。
由于英语教学中引入了电脑和互联网这样的信息技术,以及CAI课件的研究和开发,我们的英语课堂正在发生着深刻的变化。一支粉笔,一本教材,一个录音机,老师满堂灌,学生被动学的传统模式正在经受巨大的冲击。随着现代教育技术的推广和改善,多媒体越来越多地进入课堂,丰富了教师的教学手段。通常说来,信息技术服务于高中英语教学有以下三种途径:
一,信息技术要为学生的自主性学习服务,为创建新教学结构和新学习模式服务。
二,信息技术要为高中英语学习创建地道的语言环境。
三,信息技术要为高中英语学习导入丰富的文化内涵。
这里笔者以NSEFC3第一单元Festivals的阅读教学为例,谈谈对信息技术和英语阅读教学整合的具体实施和思考。
作为新高一第三册的第一个单元,本单元的话题是世界各地的节日,具体涉及节日的诞生、节日的主题、如何庆祝节日、习俗等,围绕节日这个主题展开教学,旨在通过本单元的学习,丰富学生关于节日的知识,了解中外节日及其文化内涵,通过中外节日对比,加深对中国文化的理解,并了解世界文化,培养世界意识。阅读(reading)部分是一篇说明文体裁的文章,标题是Festivals and Celebrations,具体介绍了一些节日的诞生背景、活动形式,以及节日所反映的习俗和文化,由此使学生对节日进行更深入的理解。教材设计的目的是在训练学生阅读技能的基础上,培养他们的多元文化意识,提高文化修养。
虽然春节等中国传统节日是学生所熟悉的,但世界各地的节日和庆祝方式对学生来说却是陌生而又抽象的概念。如果不能给学生一个活生生的情景,势必不能激发他们交流和阅读的兴趣,最终无法实现教学目标。因此在这堂课中,信息技术和多媒体课件的应用是课堂教学成功与否的关键因素。
高一英语为新教材,新的教学理念贯穿全书,体现了课程改革的鲜明特色,在教学内容的处理与教学思路、风格、手段等方面都有大胆的突破创新,重视学习策略、情感态度和文化意识的培养。因此,利用信息技术和多媒体进行有效的课堂教学是英语教师刻不容缓应探讨的话题。
【案例设计和实施】
学生是学习的主体。Hammer提出的ESA(Engagement-Study-Active:参与、研究、激活)教学模式认为有效的教学过程就是教师努力创设英语情景,激发学生学习兴趣,激活学生学习思维(Activate),推动学生作为学习主体积极参与和投入学习活动(Engagement),进行研究性学习(Study),而其中最为重要的是“激活”(Activate)。正如著名教育家杜威所指出的:“为了激发学生思维,必须给学生一个实际的经验情景。”根据本堂课的内容结构、目标和特点,我采用ESA教学模式,以多媒体为手段,分三个阶段——投入阶段(Engage)、学习阶段(Study)和活动阶段(Activate)实施教学。
投入阶段
投入阶段旨在唤起学生对语言材料的兴趣和激发其学习热情,从而使他们对学习更加投入。当时恰逢寒假临近,学生们都盼望着回家过年,因此在熟悉的“Happy new year”音乐声中,自然而然引出春节这个学生们感兴趣而积极参与的话题:the Spring Festival.。通过谈谈春节与历史文化的关系,节日购物以及送礼等,让学生体会节日的内涵,了解中国人热爱家乡,重视亲情,尊老爱幼的良好风尚。这一步启发了学生的思维,激发了学生对节日的兴趣,为引入新课做好了铺垫。
中国的传统春节引来了好奇的小天使,小天使根据月份向同学们介绍了几个她熟悉的中外节日。精美的flash和小天使可爱的声音马上吸引了学生的注意力,在欣赏flash的同时对元旦、中秋节、复活节、母亲节等节日有了形象的了解。
紧接着小天使要求知道更多节日的请求,我设计了一个竞赛活动:Can you tell your little angel more festivals around the world? 根据学生的座位把他们分成4大组,每组2道题,每题1分。在幻灯片上出现1-8按钮,每组选两个代表,每个代表选择一个数字,点击该数字就出现一个日期,让这个学生代表根据该日期说出在这一天庆祝的节日,再次点击就出现正确的节日名称,并鼓励该生以完整的句子去描述此节日。
January 15 of the lunar month ( the Lantern Festival)
September 9 of the lunar month ( the Double Ninth Festival)
October 1st (National Day)
September 10th ( Teachers’ Day)
April 1st ( April Fool’s Day)
The 4th Thursday of November (Thanksgiving Day)
Feburary 14 (Valentine’s Day)
May 1st (International Labor Day)
由于在课前曾要求学生上网去查有关世界各地节日的资料,在竞赛中学生们热情高涨,争先恐后地要求回答,于是我又让学生们补充新的节日,以能说出Name→Time→What does it celebrate→What do people do而得分,最后看哪一组获胜并及时鼓励,并以flash新年快乐为奖品。图式有助于巩固学生记忆,有利于学生有步骤地回忆信息,同时也能帮助学生建构新知识体系。这一阶段的热身和竞赛拓展了学生有关节日方面的知识,增强了集体荣誉感,提高了学习的积极性,而能以积极饱满的学习热情进入下一阶段。
在阅读中,学生对课文的理解是建立在先前知识经验的基础之上的,图式知识是先前知识的重要部分,包括一般世界知识、社会文化知识、主题知识、文体知识等,这些知识在学生对文章的理解和对意义的建构上起着十分重要的作用。因此,教师教学的重要任务之一就是帮助学生建立或激活这些知识,使学生顺利进入了学习阶段。
二.学习阶段
在本阶段,学生在教师的指导下分析语言材料,运用各种阅读策略,循序渐进开展各种阅读活动。
1.读前Pre-reding部分提出了两个问题让学生讨论,激发学生的阅读兴趣,为阅读作好认识上和知识上的准备。
(1). Of all the festivals, which do you like best? Why?
(2).What part of a festival do you like best--- the music, the things to see, or the visits to food?
2.快速阅读。引导学生使用略读策略(skimming),找出文章各段中提到的节日(What festivals are mentioned in each paragraph?)。
3.精读部分向来是阅读的重点,在这一部分的教学中,教师应精心设计阅读任务,指导学生运用听读,寻读等阅读技巧去抓住课文要点,获取主要信息,理解文章内涵,从上下文猜测不熟悉的语言现象等。
(1)让学生听课文录音填写下表,在填写和讲解过程中落实重点词汇的理解。使用图表来呈现任务简单明了,既容易使学生理清文章结构,又能加深他们对文章的理解。
Festivals
Time
What does it celebrate?
What do people do ?
Ancient Festivals
The end of the cold weather,in spring and autumn, when hunters could catch animals
When they had food
Lit fires and made
Music ;
a year of _______
Festivals of dead
/
Light lamps and play music
Festivals to honor people
/
Watch some games/ people get together and so on
Harvest festivals
Autumn /fall
Celebrate the harvest in autumn
______________
churches/ give gifts…
Spring festivals
January / ______
Celebrate the end of winter and _____
Eat dumplings …
(2)多项选择题What are the reasons to have festivals and celebrations?
They let us enjoy life;
They let us be proud of our customs;
They let us forget our daily life for a little while;
People love to get together to eat, drink and have fun with each other.
3.读后任务:组织学生合作讨论以能更深一层理解课文:Discuss with your partner and pick out three things that most festivals seem to have in common. Write down these three things, and why you think they might be important to people everywhere. Then fill in the chart on Page 3.
三.活动阶段
在活动阶段,教师可以通过各种练习和活动,创设情景,设计任务,促使知识尽快转化为技能,以提高学生将知识和技能转化为实际运用英语的能力,真正达到信息输出的目的。
情景:Nowadays, Chinese become so keen on western festivals such as Christmas and Thanks-giving day. People around celebrate Christmas probably because they want more festivals. Festival should not only be a day that we get together and enjoy ourselves, but more a day that is full of meanings.
任务:Work in groups. Imagine that your class and your little angel are going to set and celebrate a new holiday together.:
1. What kind of day will you set to celebrate?
2. When and why do you decide to celebrate the day?
3, what you will do at that day?
Examples:
1. Peace Day:no fighting or conflicts are allowed. People learn and talk about peace.
2. Happiness Day:People must only do things that will make others happy. People Learn about happiness.
3. Friendship Day:No arguments or fights are allowed. People learn about friendship.
4. Nature Day:No pollution or destruction of nature is allowed. People learn and talk about nature.
最后,每组选派代表陈述讨论结果: I think that the new holiday should be a Peace Day. On this day, no fighting or conflicts are allowed. People will learn and talk about peace. The holiday will celebrates on ____________and people will celebrate it by_____________ . I think this is the best idea because _____________________________.
课后作业(Homework):
Read the text further and finish comprehending exercises and language exercises after it.
Write down your new festival.
Find more information on the Internet about the festivals you have learnt in the text today.
课后作业是课堂教学的延续、深化和补充。本堂课后的作业要求学生进一步理解应用和巩固课堂所学知识,并运用信息技术和网络资源拓宽已有知识构建学生自主学习和探究学习的能力。
【案例思考】
本堂课我主要采用Hammer提出的ESA教学模式,通过合作学习和任务型教学方式,以信息技术和多媒体课件为教学手段,充分调动学生积极性,发挥他们的主观能动性,以节日为主题,从而扩大到节日的内涵,使学生意识到节日不仅是一个民族历史的浓缩,民族精神的发扬,而且还是一个国家民族未来的寄托。既让学生锻炼了语言能力和阅读能力,又获得了情感熏陶。
信息技术和多媒体课件对这堂课的成功起着举足轻重的作用。从课前预习的上网搜索各地节日的有关信息,到课后作业布置学生查找更多有关节日已加深和巩固课堂所学,无不体现了英语课程标准的目标“能有效利用网络等多种教育资源获取和处理信息,并根据需要对所获得的信息进行整理、归纳和分析”。而在课堂教学过程中,多媒体课件一直是教师采用的主要教学手段,如在课堂开始时以“happy new year”的音乐来烘托节日即将到来的气氛,在投入阶段以flash调动学生用英语去表达和参加竞赛的积极性,在学习阶段播放课文MP3听读及以表格和问题等形式呈现在背投上帮助学生理解课文,最后在活动阶段也能使学生更为明了教师的指令和活动形式及内容。简而言之,信息技术为学生学习英语创造了一个生动的情景和语言环境。
试问我们英语课堂中最缺的是什么?最需要什么?最困难的是什么?我们英语教师最希望利用现代信息技术解决什么难题?我认为不是语法条文,不是词义辨析,不是句型句式。而是真实:真实的语言,真实的语言环境。而把真实的语言引入课堂,创造真实的语言环境,恰恰是现代信息技术的专长,在此电脑网络大有用武之地。多媒体技术的成熟,宽带互联网的普及,我们可以把美国教师请到教室里来;我们可以领着学生到澳大利亚浏览;我们可以到英国人家去做客;我们可以与加拿大的学生聊天;我们足不出户就可以浏览英美报刊,收看实时的英语国家的电视节目;……总之,现代信息技术能给英语学习者创造一个“全新的,多源化的,原汁原味的英语环境”,而国内普遍缺乏英语环境恰恰是中国英语教学少慢差费的根本原因,这个英语环境正是中国学英语的几代人梦寐以求的“境界”。如果缺乏英语环境,英语学习就变成无本之木,无源之水,难以为继。所以我认为,英语教学中信息技术应用的基本出发点应当是展现英语的真实面貌,课件制作的切入点应当是把真实的语言和真实的语言环境引入课堂和其它学习场所。
而在信息技术的应用上我们也遇到不少的问题。首先,CAI课件的应用通常是以固定模式贯穿整个教学过程,环环相扣,难以变更,这就使得课堂教学的灵活性受到很大限制。而课堂教学过程是师生交往和互动的过程,是一种沟通与合作,富有创造性、开放性、复杂性和多变性,如果教师只一味地按照原来设定的方式进行课堂教学,不仅不能体现学生的主体性,而且教师的主导作用也难以充分发挥,最终导致课堂教学的僵化。其次,在实际教学中,不少教师过度依赖课件,无论是课本上的图片、表格、问题及答案,还是只需师生口头问答即可确认的选择题、是非题,都要用课件呈现,而且呈现形式花样法繁多,令人目不暇接,不仅耗费了教师大量的备课时间,而且给学生造成额外的视觉负担,更占用了大量宝贵的课堂时间,忽视或不能很好地完成既定的教学目标和任务,与信息技术和英语教学的整合理念背道而驰。最后,由于信息技术资源的限制,如许多学生由于各种原因不能完成课前课后查找有关信息等,也给整合信息技术和英语教学带来了一定的困难。
这也使我认识到,信息技术和英语课程的整合对英语教师提出了更高的要求,我们英语教师要有独到的眼光,敏锐的感觉,能对教材的文化情感内涵做出正确的判断,恰到好处地应用信息技术辅助教学活动。反过来,信息技术和英语课程的整合活动,也能帮助我们去获取更多相关信息,提高处理信息和应用信息的能力。
课件36张PPT。 Unit 1
Festivals Around the WorldHappy new year! Spring Festival is the traditional Chinese New Year’s Day. It usually falls in early February. And the celebration lasts from the first day to the fifteenth day of the first lunar month or even longer in the rural areas.
pay New Year’s call; give New Year’s greetings;
New Year’s visit The Spring Festival is a good time for
relatives, friends, and classmates
to exchange greetings, gifts and chat leisurely. Here comes your little angelCan you tell your little angel
more festivals around the world ?
12345678最后Game Time January 15 of the lunar month 12345678最后January 15 of the lunar month the Lantern Festival 12345678最后September 9 of the lunar month 12345678最后September 9 of the lunar month the Double Ninth Festival 12345678最后October 1st 12345678最后October 1st National Day 12345678最后September 10th 12345678最后September 10th Teachers’ Day 12345678最后April 1st 12345678最后April 1st April Fool’s Day 12345678最后The 4th Thursday of November 12345678最后The 4th Thursday of November Thanksgiving Day 12345678最后Feburary 14 12345678最后Feburary 14 Valentine’s Day 12345678最后May 1st 12345678最后May 1st International Labor Day 12345678最后More Festivals?Who are the winners?上一张下一张Reading
Festivals and CelebrationsPre-reading2.What part of a festival do you like best--- the music, the things to see, or the visits to food?1. Of all the festivals, which do you like best? Why?
Fast reading :
What festivals are mentioned in each paragraph?P 1. Ancient festivals
celebrate the end of the cold weather, planting in spring and harvest in autumn; celebrate when hunters catch animals.P 2. Festivals of the Dead
Japan -----Obon
Mexico------Day of the Dead
America------Halloween
P 3.Festivals to Honour People
Dragon Boat Festival
Columbus Day
(India)October 2P 4.Harvest Festivals
Harvest and Thanksgiving Festival
Mid-Autumn festivalP 5. Spring festivals
The Spring festival
Carnival
Easter
Cheery Blossom Festivalas an honor to
famous people or
to the gods
To honour the dead,
or satisfy and please
the ancestor Decorate February the coming of the spring __________plentyWhat are the reasons to have
festivals and celebrations?
They let us enjoy life;
They let us be proud of our customs;
They let us forget our daily life for a little while;
People love to get together to eat, drink and
have fun with each other.Discuss with your partner and pick out three things that most festivals seem to
have in common. Write down these three things, and why you think they might
be important to people everywhere. Then fill in the chart on Page 3.Three common thingsReasons why they are important to
people everywhere Nowadays, Chinese become so keen on western festivals such as Christmas and Thanks-giving day. People around celebrate Christmas probably because they want more festivals. Festival should not only be a day that we get together and enjoy ourselves, but more a day that is full of meanings.Group work:Work in groups. Imagine that your class and your little angel are going to set and celebrate a new holiday together.:
1. What kind of day will you set to celebrate ?
2. When and why do you decide to celebrate the day ?
3.what you will do at that day ?
1.Peace Day no fighting or conflicts are allowed. People learn and talk about peace.
2.Happiness Day People must only do things that will make others happy.
People Learn about happiness.
3.Friendship Day No arguments or fights are allowed. People learn about friendship.
4.Nature Day No pollution or destruction of nature is allowed. People learn and talk about nature.Examples:?
I think that the new holiday should be a Peace Day. On this day, no fighting or conflicts are allowed. People will learn and talk about peace. The holiday will celebrates on ____________and people will celebrate it by_____________ . I think this is the best idea because _____________________________.ExampleHomework:Read the text further and finish comprehending exercises and language exercises after it.
Write down your new festival.
Find more information on the Internet about the festivals you have learnt in
the text today.