词组短语复习的巧妙思路,精辟的解题分析[下学期]
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| 名称 | 词组短语复习的巧妙思路,精辟的解题分析[下学期] |  | |
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| 更新时间 | 2007-03-16 13:54:00 | ||
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你能让“破镜”“重圆”吗？
江西省广丰县康桥中学 王道波
“破镜”展示—─ 我们看下面几道试题：
单项选择：
例 ① He is such a man who is always ______ fault with other people.
A. putting B. seeking C. finding D. looking for (2005年 安徽卷)
例 ② The ______ should be made of the working time ______ production.
A. most, to increase B. use, increasing C. best, and be increased D. full, for increasing
例 ③ It is said that dogs will keep you _______ for as long as you want when you are feeling lonely.
A. safety B. company C. house D. friend (2006年 江西卷)
完形填空：
例 ④ Customers can ask questions about products and place __49__, all through TV sets.
A. orders B. goods C. books D. answers （2006年 安徽卷）
例 ⑤ I was interested in this _48__ you made here.
A. aim B. goal C. point D. opinion (2006年 江西卷)
例 ⑥ ___36__ for example, the neatly-dressed woman I used to see—or look at---on my way to work each morning.
A. Make B. Take C. Give D. Have (2004年 江苏卷)
此类考题暗藏玄关，一旦发现玄关所在，则不费吹灰之力，即可得分；但若未发现玄关，即使绞尽脑汁，也无从下手。其命题意图就是考查考生对某些“动词+名词（+介词）”这一固定或习惯搭配的掌握情况。考生若能发现该搭配，便能轻松作答。但有时命题者往往有意将该搭配拆散、挪位，致使考生一时难以发现其奥秘所在，以增加试题难度。因此，我们要设法将错位的“部件”复位，让“破镜”“重圆”，重现一个完整的词组或短语结构，这正好能充分展现考生对英语语言素材的积累情况和运用能力。
通过观察，我们发现，例①考查的是find fault with…（挑剔，找岔子）这一结构， 答案C；例②考查的是make the most of … to do sth.这一搭配，意为“充分利用…来做某事”，答案A；例③考查的是keep pany 这一结构，意为“给某人作伴”，所以答案B；例④考查的是place an order这一搭配，意为“下定单”，答案A；例⑤考查的是make one’s point这一词组结构，意为“阐明某人的观点”，只是命题者将这一结构中的point提前作先行词，让考生在定语从句中寻找这一搭配，答案C；例⑥考查的是take…for example 这一短语， 命题者将其顺序打乱，正常语序为“take the neatly-dressed woman I used to see – or look at – on my way to work each morning for example”, 所以答案为B。
通过观察，我们还发现：命题者粉碎“动词+名词（+介词）”这一结构的常用方法有三种：一，直接隐去结构中的动词或名词，有时是介词，如例①③④。二，将结构中的词序打乱，有时转化为被动语态，有时将动词转化为过去分词或不定式置于名词之后，作后置定语，如例②⑥；又如：Attempts had been made by others to classify plant species into groups, but the breakthrough came with the work of Carl Linnaeus ( SEFCS Book 3 Unit 4 The birth of a science ) 。三，将结构中的名词提前作为先行词，而动词（和介词）在定语从句中，如例⑤；又如：（1）Carl Linnaeus earned the “Father of classification” for the contribution he made to grouping plant species ( SEFCS Book 3 Unit 4 The birth of a science ) ；（2）By introducing a brand name to potential customers, and by associating the product with the customers’ needs, companies are able to influence the choices customers make (SEFC Book 3 Unit 5 Advertising)。
我们再看以下考题：
一．单项选择：
1. I’m sure David will be able to find the library—he has a pretty good ______of direction. (2005年 浙江卷)
A. idea B. feeling C. experience D. sense （考查短语have a sense of，答案D）
2. A lot of attention, I think, should be ______ the pollution to our drinking water. （江西金太阳 2006届百所名校示范卷九）
A. made to control B. made to controlling C. paid to control D. paid to controlling （考查动词短语pay attention to后接doing这一结构，答案D）
3. After the earthquake, the injured were cared______ in the local hospitals or taken by air to hospitals in the neighboring cities. (2006年 江西卷)
A. of B. for C. after D. with （考查词组搭配care for the injured，答案B）
二．完形填空：
1. The great __47__in exceptional children shown in public education over the past thirty years shows the strong feeling in our society that all citizens, whatever their special conditions, have a right to get the opportunity to fully develop their abilities. （江西金太阳 2006届百所名校示范卷五）
A. interest B. joy C. surprise D. disappointment (考查show interest in这一结构，show变成过去分词作后置定语，答案A)
2. I feared the marriage might be in trouble, so I made up a(n) ______to go to their door and check on them.（2005 北京西城抽样测试）
A. apology B. trouble C. excuse D. regret （考查make up an excuse“编造借口”，答案C）
3. Why, you fool, he used his voice and asked for them. I’ve been___53___ that on all my customers today, but I know for sure I’d catch you. (NMET 2002)
A. trying B. proving C. practicing D. examining (考查try sth. on sb “用某事耍某人”，答案A)
4. As for this, there is a great difference between human beings and insects. The former _37_every possible effort to avoid being discovered, while the latter… (2005年 重庆卷)
A. do B. take C. make D. try （考查make an effort to do，“努力做某事”，答案C）
提示：在解完形填空时，我们一般都从上下文语境考虑，但当无法从上下文语境来判定的时候，我们不妨从句子结构和短语搭配上着手，往往有意想不到的收获。
三．短文改错
在短文改错中，命题者或偷梁换柱，鱼目混珠，或增减成分，混淆是非。
例如：① My teacher advised me to keep my diary. (2003年 全国卷)
② We have a lot on common and have a lot to talk about. (2004年 福建卷)
③ It is not surprising that the Silver Ghost was regarded “the best car in the world”. (2005 年安徽卷)
④ We will have plenty of spare time to visit the area and have a fun.(2006年安徽卷)
⑤ My mother was a career woman and had her own problems to take care, but when I needed her, she was always there.（2006年湖北卷）
解析：例①中考查词组keep a diary“写日记”；例②中考查词组have…in common“有共同点”；例③考查regard…as…“把…当作…”；例④考查短语have fun“玩得开心”；例⑤考查词组take care of“照料”。答案：① 把my改成a，② 把on改成in，③ 在regarded后加 as. ④去掉a，⑤ 在care后加of。
由此看来，在近几年各地的高考真题中，对此类知识的考查频率是相当高的，且题型多样，分布面广，单项选择、完形填空和短文改错均有出现。因此在平时的学习中，应多留意、多积累“动词+名词（+介词）”这一习惯或固定搭配，丰富自己的词汇。
现场演练，“破镜重圆”
一．单项选择
1. The role computers ______ in our everyday life is of great importance.
A. make B. take C. bring D. play
2. The rescue team made every ______ to find the missing mountain climber.
A. force B. energy C. effort D. possibility (2000年上海春招)
3. In order to change attitudes ______employing women, the government is bringing in new laws.
A. about B. of C. towards D. on (2004年 北京，安徽卷)
4. The passengers were robbed ______ all their money.
A. of B. off C. from D. away (NMET 1988)
5. —Why does she always ask you for help
—There is no one else ______ , is there (2005 年北京卷)
A. who to turn to B. she can turn to C. for whom to turn D. for her to turn
6. At the gate of our school there is a slogan which reads, “Solid foundation will be_____ for the future development of the students.”
A. lain B. lay C. laying D. laid
7. New ______ may be thrown upon the cause of cancer by research______ is now in progress.
A. information, what B. light, that C. opinion, which D. things, what
8. Harold found it almost impossible to break the contract he ______ with his manager.
A. made B. had made C. has given D. would have give
9. Since we can’t find a bigger apartment, the best has to be ______ what we have.
A. made of B. made from C. made up D. made for
10. The captain ______ an apology to the passengers for the delay caused by bad weather.
A. made B. said C. put D. passed
11. —I want to know whether we will go hiking today or tomorrow.
—Does that make any ______
A. change B. importance C. value D. difference
12. The operations are ______ with different tools.
A. preferred B. performed C. provided D. practiced
13. In an extraordinary detailed exposition Auckland Museum pays ______ to this great New Zealander, Sir Edmund Hillary …….
A. attention B. respect C. admiration D. honor
14. On April 1, many people like to ______ tricks on their friends.
A. make B. play C. take D. receive
15. Our time must be made full use ______ our spoken English.
A. to practice B. of practicing C. of to practice D. practicing
16. His family was so poor that for him life seemed to ______ no promise.
A. follow B. hold C. keep D. make
17. You should ______ advice from your lawyer on this matter.
A. ask B. give C. find D. seek
18. I’m afraid to tell you that the medicine will _____ no difference to your illness, so stop taking it.
A. take B. make C. get D. do
19. Everyone in the classroom ______ his attention on the teacher when she was speaking.
A. paid B. drew C. fixed D. put
20. The speech by the mayor of Shanghai before the final voting for EXPO 2010 is strongly impressed ______ my memory.
A. to B. over C. by D. on
21. We will ______ a chance on the weather and have the party outdoors.
A. take B. try C. get D. make
22. No matter how she explained she couldn’t ______ the boy’s understanding.
A. arrive B. reach C. receive D. make
23. Immediate action must be ______ before it is too late.
A. taken B. made C. carried D. put
24. Her parents have great ______ on her and she wants to become a teacher in the future.
A. effect B. effort C. affect D. expression
25.They are told to think of each ______ they must make to win.
A. move B. step C. jump D. place
26. I will show you how to hit the ball and then you must ______ my example.
A. copy B. watch C. set D. make
27. The old furniture was taken out to ______ the new.
A. make room for B. make rooms to C. make place for D. make places to
28. Mr. Stevens kept ______ of his business by telephone when be was in hospital.
A. relation B. connection C. information D. track
29. They started off late and got to the airport with few minutes to ______.
A. spare B. catch C. leave D. make
30.American women usually identify their best friend as someone_____ they can talk frequently.
A. who B. as C. about which D. with whom (2004年上海卷)
31. —What do you think of the girl
—She is a strong girl and is never easy to lose _____ before hardship.
A. heart B. face C. hand D. arm
32. —When was the meeting over
— Shortly after you left it ______ to an end.
A. put B. went C. came D. brought
33. Her son, to whom she was so ______, went abroad ten years ago.
A. loved B. cared C. devoted D. affected (2001年 上海卷)
34. Don’t be worried; we’ll try every possible means to ______ the needs of you.
A. satisfy B. please C. meet D. give
35. He had great difficulty in supporting his family because he had been ______ off work for a long time.
A. laid B. taken C. separated D. cut
36. When the famous scientist was making a speech, many eyes were ______ on him.
A. set B. centered C. fixed D. aimed
37. —You must take great pains to learn English well.
—I will. No efforts will be ______ in the study of it.
A. taken B. shared C. spent D. spared
38.I have read the material several times but it doesn’t make any ______ to me.
A. meaning B. importance C. sense D. significance (2004年 上海春招)
39. One of the best ways for people to keep fit is to ______ healthy eating habits.
A. grow B. develop C. increase D. raise （2006年 湖北卷）
二．完形填空
1. As the letter disappeared, the man______ into tears.
A. joyed B. burst C. laughed D. cried (2003名校联考)
2. Some thirty percent of the world’s exports of tea makes its ______to London.（2003 重庆诊断）
A. route B. way C. direction D. journey
3. He was sure that by washing clothes he could ______ enough money to attend school.
A. collect B. spare C. find D. make （2003西城抽样）
4. Mr. Breen ___39___ them all by name and they sometimes even had their order already made up, always getting me to carry it out to their car.
A. sold B. knew C. gave D. sent (2005年 江西卷)
5. He gave me a cent for every nail I ______ out of old boards
A. pulled B. put C. picked D. pressed (2003年 北京卷)
6. My main responsibilities were ______ tables and washing dishes, but sometimes I helped cook.
A. sweeping B. packing C. clearing D. emptying (2003年 北京卷)
7. Word that I was trustworthy and hard-working ______ around town.
A. ran B. got C. flew D. carried (2003年 北京卷)
8. The word “spaghetti” brought back the __36___ of an evening at Uncle Allen’s in Belleville when all of us were seated around the table…..
A. memory B. thought C. knowledge D. experience (2004年 全国卷)
9. She told the front-desk clerk she had had a wonderful vacation, but was heart-broken about losing several rolls of Kodak color film she had not yet __40_ .
A. developed B. taken C. washed D. loaded (2004年福建卷)
10 She stepped into the ___16___ and rowed out silently.
A. car B. boat C. ship D. sail (2005年 天津卷)
11. But I considered it part of the grade game we’re pushed into__55_to aim at going to the best schools.
A. taking B. playing C. making D. enjoying （江西金太阳2006届百所名校示范卷11）
三．短文改错
1. As is known to all, the Internet is playing a more and more important part on our life.
2. Ladies and Gentlemen, may I pay your attention, please
3. They hoped that their children could be taught the lesson from the dinner.
4. Although we have been members for a short period of time, we have made a great progress. (2005年福建卷第79题)
5. He spent three hours pick up moon rocks.
6. So this summer vacation I am going to get down to read some books.
更多“镜子”，随文奉送
1. achieve one’s ambition/goal 实现某人的愿望/目标 2. claim the insurance 索赔保险金
3. accomplish one’s aim 达到某人的目的 4. commit a crime 犯罪
5. break a/one’s promise 违背诺言 6. consult a doctor 找医生看病
7. congratulate sb on sth. 因为某事祝贺某人 8. cover the expense 支付开支
9. conduct a survey /an experiment 做调查/实验 10. cover an event 采访事件
11. deliver a report/speech 做报告/发表演讲 12. do research on 做研究
13. devote some time to doing sth. 花时间做某事 14. draw the curtain 拉上窗帘
15. leave/make a good impression 留下好印象 16. lay a table 摆放餐具
17. make an arrangement/arrangements 做安排 18. lay the blame on sb. 责备某人
19. make an announcement 做口头通知 20. make a mark 做记号
21. make a contribution to 为…做贡献 22. make a living 谋生
23. make a list of 列出…的清单 24. make a decision 做出决定
25. make remarks about 对…加以评论 26. make choices 做出选择
27. make friends with 与…叫朋友 28. make tea 沏茶
29. make preparations for 为…做准备 30. make a commitment 承诺
31. meet one’s demands 满足某人的要求 32. make attempts to do 尝试做…
33. offer a job 提供工作 34. pay respect to 尊敬…
35. pay attention to 注意… 36. pay a visit to 访问/参观…
37. pay court to sb. 向某人求爱 38. perform one’s duty 履行职责
39. reach/draw a conclusion 得出结论 40. reach an agreement 达成协议
41. satisfy one’s needs 满足某人的需要 42. read an expression 看表情
43. set an example to sb. 为某人树立榜样 44. set a record 创下记录
45. spare no efforts /pains to do 不遗余力地做… 46. sing high praise for 高度赞扬…
47. settle an argument 解决争论 48. set foot on 踏上…
49. struggle to one’s foot 挣扎着站起来 50. show a sign of 表示出…迹象
51. shake hands with 与…握手 52. take possession of 占有…
53. spend some time in doing sth. 花时间做某事 54. take a chance 冒险
55. take responsibility for 对…负责 56. take notice of 注意
57. take pride in 对…感到自豪 58. tell the difference 辨别
59. take advantage of 对…加以利用 60. take steps to do sth 采取措施
61. take sth into account/ consideration把…考虑在内 62. take an exam 参加考试
63. take /adopt measures 采取措施 64. take a photograph of 为…拍照
65. undertake an enterprise 创办事业 66. undertake a task 执行任务
67. wear a smile 面带笑容
现场演练答案解析：
一．单项选择：1. 答案D, 词组play a role in, “在…扮演角色”； 2．答案C, 词组make an effort to, “努力去做”； 3．答案C, 词组change attitude towards, “改变对…的态度”；4．答案A, 短语搭配rob sb. of sth., “抢/偷走某人某物”； 5．答案B，词组turn to sb.“向某人求助”； 6．答案D，词组 lay the foundation，“奠定基础”； 7．答案B，词组throw light on/upon，“阐明，解释”；8．答案B，词组 make a contract with sb.，“和某人签约”；9．答案A ，词组make the best of，“充分利用”； 10.答案A ，词组make an apology，“道歉”；11.答案D，词组 make a difference，“有关系”；12.答案B，词组 perform an operation，“做手术”；13.答案D，词组 pay honor to，“尊敬…”；14.答案B，词组 play tricks on，“捉弄”；15.答案C，词组结构 make use of sth. to do，“利用…做…”；16.答案B，词组hold promise，“有希望”；17.答案D，词组seek advice from，“向…寻求建议”；18.答案B，词组 make no difference，“没有影响”；19.答案C，词组 fix one’s attention on sth./pay one’s attention to sth.“集中注意力于…”；20.答案D，词组impress on，“给…以深刻印象”； 21.答案A，词组take a chance，“冒险”；22.答案B，词组reach one’s understanding，“使…明白”； 23.答案A,词组take action, “采取行动”； 24.答案A，词组 have an effect on，“对…有影响”； 25.答案A，词组搭配 make each move to do，“采取每一步行动去做…”； 26.答案.A，词组copy one’s example，“效仿…”； 27.答案A，词组make room for，“为…让出地方”；28.答案D，词组keep track of，“与…保持联系”； 29.答案A，动词搭配spare some time，“抽出时间”；30.答案D，动词搭配talk with sb.，“和某人谈话”；31.答案A，词组lose heart，“灰心”；32.答案C，动词词组搭配come to an end/put it to an end，“结束”；33.答案C，动词结构be devoted to sb./devote oneself to sb.，“慈爱某人”； 34.答案C，词组meet one’s needs，“满足某人的需要”； 35.答案A，动词搭配lay sb off work /be laid off work，“使某人下岗”； 36.答案C，词组fix one’s eyes on，“注意看…”；37.答案D，动词短语spare no efforts to do/in sth.， “不遗余力地做某事”,38. 答案C,词组make sense to “使…明白”；39.答案B，词组develop habits，“培养习惯”。
二．完形填空：1.答案B ，词组burst into tears，“突然大哭”； 2.答案B，词组 make one’s way to，“前往…” 3.答案D，动词搭配make money，“赚钱”； 4.答案B，词组know sb. by name，“叫得出某人的名字”；5.答案A，动词词组 pull sth. out of，“从…中拔出…”；6.答案C，词组clear tables，“清理桌子”； 7.答案B，结构word gets around，“消息传来”； 8.答案A ，词组搭配bring back the memory of，“回想起…”； 9.答案A,动词搭配develop films,“冲洗胶卷”；10.答案B，动词搭配row a boat，“划船”；11. 答案B，结构play the game，“玩游戏”。
三．短文改错：1. 把on改成in, 词组play a part in… ；2.把pay改成have,词组have one’s attention,“引起某人的注意”； 3.把the 改成a，短语搭配teach sb. a lesson，“给某人一个教训”； 4.把第二个a去掉 ，动词词组make progress, “取得进步” ； 5. 把pick改成picking，动词结构spend time doing； 6.把read改成reading，动词词组get down to后接doing.。
江西省广丰县康桥中学 王道波
“破镜”展示—─ 我们看下面几道试题：
单项选择：
例 ① He is such a man who is always ______ fault with other people.
A. putting B. seeking C. finding D. looking for (2005年 安徽卷)
例 ② The ______ should be made of the working time ______ production.
A. most, to increase B. use, increasing C. best, and be increased D. full, for increasing
例 ③ It is said that dogs will keep you _______ for as long as you want when you are feeling lonely.
A. safety B. company C. house D. friend (2006年 江西卷)
完形填空：
例 ④ Customers can ask questions about products and place __49__, all through TV sets.
A. orders B. goods C. books D. answers （2006年 安徽卷）
例 ⑤ I was interested in this _48__ you made here.
A. aim B. goal C. point D. opinion (2006年 江西卷)
例 ⑥ ___36__ for example, the neatly-dressed woman I used to see—or look at---on my way to work each morning.
A. Make B. Take C. Give D. Have (2004年 江苏卷)
此类考题暗藏玄关，一旦发现玄关所在，则不费吹灰之力，即可得分；但若未发现玄关，即使绞尽脑汁，也无从下手。其命题意图就是考查考生对某些“动词+名词（+介词）”这一固定或习惯搭配的掌握情况。考生若能发现该搭配，便能轻松作答。但有时命题者往往有意将该搭配拆散、挪位，致使考生一时难以发现其奥秘所在，以增加试题难度。因此，我们要设法将错位的“部件”复位，让“破镜”“重圆”，重现一个完整的词组或短语结构，这正好能充分展现考生对英语语言素材的积累情况和运用能力。
通过观察，我们发现，例①考查的是find fault with…（挑剔，找岔子）这一结构， 答案C；例②考查的是make the most of … to do sth.这一搭配，意为“充分利用…来做某事”，答案A；例③考查的是keep pany 这一结构，意为“给某人作伴”，所以答案B；例④考查的是place an order这一搭配，意为“下定单”，答案A；例⑤考查的是make one’s point这一词组结构，意为“阐明某人的观点”，只是命题者将这一结构中的point提前作先行词，让考生在定语从句中寻找这一搭配，答案C；例⑥考查的是take…for example 这一短语， 命题者将其顺序打乱，正常语序为“take the neatly-dressed woman I used to see – or look at – on my way to work each morning for example”, 所以答案为B。
通过观察，我们还发现：命题者粉碎“动词+名词（+介词）”这一结构的常用方法有三种：一，直接隐去结构中的动词或名词，有时是介词，如例①③④。二，将结构中的词序打乱，有时转化为被动语态，有时将动词转化为过去分词或不定式置于名词之后，作后置定语，如例②⑥；又如：Attempts had been made by others to classify plant species into groups, but the breakthrough came with the work of Carl Linnaeus ( SEFCS Book 3 Unit 4 The birth of a science ) 。三，将结构中的名词提前作为先行词，而动词（和介词）在定语从句中，如例⑤；又如：（1）Carl Linnaeus earned the “Father of classification” for the contribution he made to grouping plant species ( SEFCS Book 3 Unit 4 The birth of a science ) ；（2）By introducing a brand name to potential customers, and by associating the product with the customers’ needs, companies are able to influence the choices customers make (SEFC Book 3 Unit 5 Advertising)。
我们再看以下考题：
一．单项选择：
1. I’m sure David will be able to find the library—he has a pretty good ______of direction. (2005年 浙江卷)
A. idea B. feeling C. experience D. sense （考查短语have a sense of，答案D）
2. A lot of attention, I think, should be ______ the pollution to our drinking water. （江西金太阳 2006届百所名校示范卷九）
A. made to control B. made to controlling C. paid to control D. paid to controlling （考查动词短语pay attention to后接doing这一结构，答案D）
3. After the earthquake, the injured were cared______ in the local hospitals or taken by air to hospitals in the neighboring cities. (2006年 江西卷)
A. of B. for C. after D. with （考查词组搭配care for the injured，答案B）
二．完形填空：
1. The great __47__in exceptional children shown in public education over the past thirty years shows the strong feeling in our society that all citizens, whatever their special conditions, have a right to get the opportunity to fully develop their abilities. （江西金太阳 2006届百所名校示范卷五）
A. interest B. joy C. surprise D. disappointment (考查show interest in这一结构，show变成过去分词作后置定语，答案A)
2. I feared the marriage might be in trouble, so I made up a(n) ______to go to their door and check on them.（2005 北京西城抽样测试）
A. apology B. trouble C. excuse D. regret （考查make up an excuse“编造借口”，答案C）
3. Why, you fool, he used his voice and asked for them. I’ve been___53___ that on all my customers today, but I know for sure I’d catch you. (NMET 2002)
A. trying B. proving C. practicing D. examining (考查try sth. on sb “用某事耍某人”，答案A)
4. As for this, there is a great difference between human beings and insects. The former _37_every possible effort to avoid being discovered, while the latter… (2005年 重庆卷)
A. do B. take C. make D. try （考查make an effort to do，“努力做某事”，答案C）
提示：在解完形填空时，我们一般都从上下文语境考虑，但当无法从上下文语境来判定的时候，我们不妨从句子结构和短语搭配上着手，往往有意想不到的收获。
三．短文改错
在短文改错中，命题者或偷梁换柱，鱼目混珠，或增减成分，混淆是非。
例如：① My teacher advised me to keep my diary. (2003年 全国卷)
② We have a lot on common and have a lot to talk about. (2004年 福建卷)
③ It is not surprising that the Silver Ghost was regarded “the best car in the world”. (2005 年安徽卷)
④ We will have plenty of spare time to visit the area and have a fun.(2006年安徽卷)
⑤ My mother was a career woman and had her own problems to take care, but when I needed her, she was always there.（2006年湖北卷）
解析：例①中考查词组keep a diary“写日记”；例②中考查词组have…in common“有共同点”；例③考查regard…as…“把…当作…”；例④考查短语have fun“玩得开心”；例⑤考查词组take care of“照料”。答案：① 把my改成a，② 把on改成in，③ 在regarded后加 as. ④去掉a，⑤ 在care后加of。
由此看来，在近几年各地的高考真题中，对此类知识的考查频率是相当高的，且题型多样，分布面广，单项选择、完形填空和短文改错均有出现。因此在平时的学习中，应多留意、多积累“动词+名词（+介词）”这一习惯或固定搭配，丰富自己的词汇。
现场演练，“破镜重圆”
一．单项选择
1. The role computers ______ in our everyday life is of great importance.
A. make B. take C. bring D. play
2. The rescue team made every ______ to find the missing mountain climber.
A. force B. energy C. effort D. possibility (2000年上海春招)
3. In order to change attitudes ______employing women, the government is bringing in new laws.
A. about B. of C. towards D. on (2004年 北京，安徽卷)
4. The passengers were robbed ______ all their money.
A. of B. off C. from D. away (NMET 1988)
5. —Why does she always ask you for help
—There is no one else ______ , is there (2005 年北京卷)
A. who to turn to B. she can turn to C. for whom to turn D. for her to turn
6. At the gate of our school there is a slogan which reads, “Solid foundation will be_____ for the future development of the students.”
A. lain B. lay C. laying D. laid
7. New ______ may be thrown upon the cause of cancer by research______ is now in progress.
A. information, what B. light, that C. opinion, which D. things, what
8. Harold found it almost impossible to break the contract he ______ with his manager.
A. made B. had made C. has given D. would have give
9. Since we can’t find a bigger apartment, the best has to be ______ what we have.
A. made of B. made from C. made up D. made for
10. The captain ______ an apology to the passengers for the delay caused by bad weather.
A. made B. said C. put D. passed
11. —I want to know whether we will go hiking today or tomorrow.
—Does that make any ______
A. change B. importance C. value D. difference
12. The operations are ______ with different tools.
A. preferred B. performed C. provided D. practiced
13. In an extraordinary detailed exposition Auckland Museum pays ______ to this great New Zealander, Sir Edmund Hillary …….
A. attention B. respect C. admiration D. honor
14. On April 1, many people like to ______ tricks on their friends.
A. make B. play C. take D. receive
15. Our time must be made full use ______ our spoken English.
A. to practice B. of practicing C. of to practice D. practicing
16. His family was so poor that for him life seemed to ______ no promise.
A. follow B. hold C. keep D. make
17. You should ______ advice from your lawyer on this matter.
A. ask B. give C. find D. seek
18. I’m afraid to tell you that the medicine will _____ no difference to your illness, so stop taking it.
A. take B. make C. get D. do
19. Everyone in the classroom ______ his attention on the teacher when she was speaking.
A. paid B. drew C. fixed D. put
20. The speech by the mayor of Shanghai before the final voting for EXPO 2010 is strongly impressed ______ my memory.
A. to B. over C. by D. on
21. We will ______ a chance on the weather and have the party outdoors.
A. take B. try C. get D. make
22. No matter how she explained she couldn’t ______ the boy’s understanding.
A. arrive B. reach C. receive D. make
23. Immediate action must be ______ before it is too late.
A. taken B. made C. carried D. put
24. Her parents have great ______ on her and she wants to become a teacher in the future.
A. effect B. effort C. affect D. expression
25.They are told to think of each ______ they must make to win.
A. move B. step C. jump D. place
26. I will show you how to hit the ball and then you must ______ my example.
A. copy B. watch C. set D. make
27. The old furniture was taken out to ______ the new.
A. make room for B. make rooms to C. make place for D. make places to
28. Mr. Stevens kept ______ of his business by telephone when be was in hospital.
A. relation B. connection C. information D. track
29. They started off late and got to the airport with few minutes to ______.
A. spare B. catch C. leave D. make
30.American women usually identify their best friend as someone_____ they can talk frequently.
A. who B. as C. about which D. with whom (2004年上海卷)
31. —What do you think of the girl
—She is a strong girl and is never easy to lose _____ before hardship.
A. heart B. face C. hand D. arm
32. —When was the meeting over
— Shortly after you left it ______ to an end.
A. put B. went C. came D. brought
33. Her son, to whom she was so ______, went abroad ten years ago.
A. loved B. cared C. devoted D. affected (2001年 上海卷)
34. Don’t be worried; we’ll try every possible means to ______ the needs of you.
A. satisfy B. please C. meet D. give
35. He had great difficulty in supporting his family because he had been ______ off work for a long time.
A. laid B. taken C. separated D. cut
36. When the famous scientist was making a speech, many eyes were ______ on him.
A. set B. centered C. fixed D. aimed
37. —You must take great pains to learn English well.
—I will. No efforts will be ______ in the study of it.
A. taken B. shared C. spent D. spared
38.I have read the material several times but it doesn’t make any ______ to me.
A. meaning B. importance C. sense D. significance (2004年 上海春招)
39. One of the best ways for people to keep fit is to ______ healthy eating habits.
A. grow B. develop C. increase D. raise （2006年 湖北卷）
二．完形填空
1. As the letter disappeared, the man______ into tears.
A. joyed B. burst C. laughed D. cried (2003名校联考)
2. Some thirty percent of the world’s exports of tea makes its ______to London.（2003 重庆诊断）
A. route B. way C. direction D. journey
3. He was sure that by washing clothes he could ______ enough money to attend school.
A. collect B. spare C. find D. make （2003西城抽样）
4. Mr. Breen ___39___ them all by name and they sometimes even had their order already made up, always getting me to carry it out to their car.
A. sold B. knew C. gave D. sent (2005年 江西卷)
5. He gave me a cent for every nail I ______ out of old boards
A. pulled B. put C. picked D. pressed (2003年 北京卷)
6. My main responsibilities were ______ tables and washing dishes, but sometimes I helped cook.
A. sweeping B. packing C. clearing D. emptying (2003年 北京卷)
7. Word that I was trustworthy and hard-working ______ around town.
A. ran B. got C. flew D. carried (2003年 北京卷)
8. The word “spaghetti” brought back the __36___ of an evening at Uncle Allen’s in Belleville when all of us were seated around the table…..
A. memory B. thought C. knowledge D. experience (2004年 全国卷)
9. She told the front-desk clerk she had had a wonderful vacation, but was heart-broken about losing several rolls of Kodak color film she had not yet __40_ .
A. developed B. taken C. washed D. loaded (2004年福建卷)
10 She stepped into the ___16___ and rowed out silently.
A. car B. boat C. ship D. sail (2005年 天津卷)
11. But I considered it part of the grade game we’re pushed into__55_to aim at going to the best schools.
A. taking B. playing C. making D. enjoying （江西金太阳2006届百所名校示范卷11）
三．短文改错
1. As is known to all, the Internet is playing a more and more important part on our life.
2. Ladies and Gentlemen, may I pay your attention, please
3. They hoped that their children could be taught the lesson from the dinner.
4. Although we have been members for a short period of time, we have made a great progress. (2005年福建卷第79题)
5. He spent three hours pick up moon rocks.
6. So this summer vacation I am going to get down to read some books.
更多“镜子”，随文奉送
1. achieve one’s ambition/goal 实现某人的愿望/目标 2. claim the insurance 索赔保险金
3. accomplish one’s aim 达到某人的目的 4. commit a crime 犯罪
5. break a/one’s promise 违背诺言 6. consult a doctor 找医生看病
7. congratulate sb on sth. 因为某事祝贺某人 8. cover the expense 支付开支
9. conduct a survey /an experiment 做调查/实验 10. cover an event 采访事件
11. deliver a report/speech 做报告/发表演讲 12. do research on 做研究
13. devote some time to doing sth. 花时间做某事 14. draw the curtain 拉上窗帘
15. leave/make a good impression 留下好印象 16. lay a table 摆放餐具
17. make an arrangement/arrangements 做安排 18. lay the blame on sb. 责备某人
19. make an announcement 做口头通知 20. make a mark 做记号
21. make a contribution to 为…做贡献 22. make a living 谋生
23. make a list of 列出…的清单 24. make a decision 做出决定
25. make remarks about 对…加以评论 26. make choices 做出选择
27. make friends with 与…叫朋友 28. make tea 沏茶
29. make preparations for 为…做准备 30. make a commitment 承诺
31. meet one’s demands 满足某人的要求 32. make attempts to do 尝试做…
33. offer a job 提供工作 34. pay respect to 尊敬…
35. pay attention to 注意… 36. pay a visit to 访问/参观…
37. pay court to sb. 向某人求爱 38. perform one’s duty 履行职责
39. reach/draw a conclusion 得出结论 40. reach an agreement 达成协议
41. satisfy one’s needs 满足某人的需要 42. read an expression 看表情
43. set an example to sb. 为某人树立榜样 44. set a record 创下记录
45. spare no efforts /pains to do 不遗余力地做… 46. sing high praise for 高度赞扬…
47. settle an argument 解决争论 48. set foot on 踏上…
49. struggle to one’s foot 挣扎着站起来 50. show a sign of 表示出…迹象
51. shake hands with 与…握手 52. take possession of 占有…
53. spend some time in doing sth. 花时间做某事 54. take a chance 冒险
55. take responsibility for 对…负责 56. take notice of 注意
57. take pride in 对…感到自豪 58. tell the difference 辨别
59. take advantage of 对…加以利用 60. take steps to do sth 采取措施
61. take sth into account/ consideration把…考虑在内 62. take an exam 参加考试
63. take /adopt measures 采取措施 64. take a photograph of 为…拍照
65. undertake an enterprise 创办事业 66. undertake a task 执行任务
67. wear a smile 面带笑容
现场演练答案解析：
一．单项选择：1. 答案D, 词组play a role in, “在…扮演角色”； 2．答案C, 词组make an effort to, “努力去做”； 3．答案C, 词组change attitude towards, “改变对…的态度”；4．答案A, 短语搭配rob sb. of sth., “抢/偷走某人某物”； 5．答案B，词组turn to sb.“向某人求助”； 6．答案D，词组 lay the foundation，“奠定基础”； 7．答案B，词组throw light on/upon，“阐明，解释”；8．答案B，词组 make a contract with sb.，“和某人签约”；9．答案A ，词组make the best of，“充分利用”； 10.答案A ，词组make an apology，“道歉”；11.答案D，词组 make a difference，“有关系”；12.答案B，词组 perform an operation，“做手术”；13.答案D，词组 pay honor to，“尊敬…”；14.答案B，词组 play tricks on，“捉弄”；15.答案C，词组结构 make use of sth. to do，“利用…做…”；16.答案B，词组hold promise，“有希望”；17.答案D，词组seek advice from，“向…寻求建议”；18.答案B，词组 make no difference，“没有影响”；19.答案C，词组 fix one’s attention on sth./pay one’s attention to sth.“集中注意力于…”；20.答案D，词组impress on，“给…以深刻印象”； 21.答案A，词组take a chance，“冒险”；22.答案B，词组reach one’s understanding，“使…明白”； 23.答案A,词组take action, “采取行动”； 24.答案A，词组 have an effect on，“对…有影响”； 25.答案A，词组搭配 make each move to do，“采取每一步行动去做…”； 26.答案.A，词组copy one’s example，“效仿…”； 27.答案A，词组make room for，“为…让出地方”；28.答案D，词组keep track of，“与…保持联系”； 29.答案A，动词搭配spare some time，“抽出时间”；30.答案D，动词搭配talk with sb.，“和某人谈话”；31.答案A，词组lose heart，“灰心”；32.答案C，动词词组搭配come to an end/put it to an end，“结束”；33.答案C，动词结构be devoted to sb./devote oneself to sb.，“慈爱某人”； 34.答案C，词组meet one’s needs，“满足某人的需要”； 35.答案A，动词搭配lay sb off work /be laid off work，“使某人下岗”； 36.答案C，词组fix one’s eyes on，“注意看…”；37.答案D，动词短语spare no efforts to do/in sth.， “不遗余力地做某事”,38. 答案C,词组make sense to “使…明白”；39.答案B，词组develop habits，“培养习惯”。
二．完形填空：1.答案B ，词组burst into tears，“突然大哭”； 2.答案B，词组 make one’s way to，“前往…” 3.答案D，动词搭配make money，“赚钱”； 4.答案B，词组know sb. by name，“叫得出某人的名字”；5.答案A，动词词组 pull sth. out of，“从…中拔出…”；6.答案C，词组clear tables，“清理桌子”； 7.答案B，结构word gets around，“消息传来”； 8.答案A ，词组搭配bring back the memory of，“回想起…”； 9.答案A,动词搭配develop films,“冲洗胶卷”；10.答案B，动词搭配row a boat，“划船”；11. 答案B，结构play the game，“玩游戏”。
三．短文改错：1. 把on改成in, 词组play a part in… ；2.把pay改成have,词组have one’s attention,“引起某人的注意”； 3.把the 改成a，短语搭配teach sb. a lesson，“给某人一个教训”； 4.把第二个a去掉 ，动词词组make progress, “取得进步” ； 5. 把pick改成picking，动词结构spend time doing； 6.把read改成reading，动词词组get down to后接doing.。