必修三教案集Units1-5

Unit 3 The Million Pound Bank-Note
Part One: Teaching Design
(第一部分：教学设计)
Period 2: A sample lesson plan for Learning about Language
(Noun clauses as the object and predictive)
Aims
To learn about Noun clauses as the object and predictive
To discover and learn to use some useful words and expressions
To discover and learn to use some useful structures
Procedures
Warming up by dictation
II. Discovering useful words and expressions
In pairs do the exercises 1, 2, 3 and 4 on pages 19 and 20. You must finish them in 10 minutes.
III. Learning about grammar——Read and identify Noun clauses
Like phrases, subordinate clauses can perform the function of the various parts of speech such as nouns, adjectives, and adverbs. A subordinate clause which functions as a noun is called a noun clause and can serve as a(an):
Subject
Direct Object
Indirect Object
Predicate Noun
Object of a Preposition
Object Complement
Appositive to a Subject or Object
Scan the text for examples of Noun clauses as the object and predictive.
IV. Ready used materials for Noun clauses as the object and predictive
V. Consolidating by doing exercises
To consolidate your understanding of Noun clauses as the object and predictive you will be given 10 minutes to go over exercises 1,2,3,4 and 5 on pages 20 and 21.
- 1 -Unit 5 Canada—“The True North”
Part 1: Teaching Design
(第一部分：教学设计)
Period 2: A sample lesson plan for Learning about Language
(Noun clauses as the appositive)
Aims
To learn about Noun clauses as the appositive
To discover and learn to use some useful words and expressions
To discover and learn to use some useful structures
Procedures
I. Warming up
Warming up by discovering useful words and expressions
Turn to page 36 and do exercises 1, 2 ,3, and 4 first. Check your answers against your classmates’.
II. Learning about grammar
1. Reading and finding
Turn to page 34 and read the text A TRIP ON “THE TRUE NORTH”. As you read, find out sentences with noun clauses as the appositive.
Key: The idea that they would cross the whole continent was exciting. / The idea that you can cross Canada in less than five days is just wrong. / The fact that ocean ships can go there surprise many people.
2. Doing exercises
Turn to page 37 and do the exercises 1 and 2 in groups of four.
III. Ready used materials for “ Noun clauses as the appositive”
IV. Closing down by doing a quiz
Underline the appositives in the following sentences
1. My son, the policeman, will be visiting us next week.
2. The captain ordered the ship's carpenters to assemble the shallop, a large rowboat.
3. Walter, the playboy and writer, is very attached to his mother, Mrs. Hammon.
4. The actor Paul Newman directed only one picture.
5. Elizabeth Teague, a sweet and lovable girl, grew up to be a mentally troubled woman.
Underline and punctuate the appositives in the following sentences. Remember: not all require punctuation.
6. Sweetbriar a company known throughout the South is considering a nationwide advertising campaign.
7. An above-average student and talented musician John made his family proud.
8. The extremely popular American film Titanic was widely criticized for its mediocre script.
9. The greatest American film ever made Citizen Kane won only one Academy Award.
10. 60 Minutes the TV news magazine program featured a story on the popular singer Whitney Houston.
Keys:1. My son, the policeman, will be visiting us next week.
2. The captain ordered the ship's carpenters to assemble the shallop, a large rowboat.
3. Walter, the playboy and writer, is very attached to his mother, Mrs. Hammon.
4. The actor Paul Newman directed only one picture.
5. Elizabeth Teague, a sweet and lovable girl, grew up to be a mentally troubled woman.6. Sweetbriar, a company known throughout the South, is considering a nationwide advertising campaign.
7. An above-average student and talented musician, John made his family proud.
8. The extremely popular American film Titanic was widely criticized for its mediocre script.
9. The greatest American film ever made, Citizen Kane won only one Academy Award.
10. 60 Minutes, the TV news magazine program, featured a story on the popular singer Whitney Houston.
- 2 -Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the stars
Part 1: Teaching Design
(第一部分：教学设计)
Period: 3 A sample lesson plan for Using Language
(A VISIT TO THE MOON)
Aims
To enjoy the passage A VISIT TO THE MOON
To learn to use the language by reading, listening, speaking and writing
Procedures
I. Warming up by listening and reading aloud
Let’s listen to the recording of the text A VISIT TO THE MOON, and then read it aloud.
II. Guided reading
1. Understanding difficult sentences
Skim the text A VISIT TO THE MOON and discuss in pairs the difficult points you find.
2. Reading and underlining
Next you are to read and underline all the useful expressions or collocations in the passage. Copy them into your notebook after class as homework.
Collocations from A VISIT TO THE MOONbe lucky enough足够幸运, have a chance有个机会, make a trip去旅行, visit the moon参观月球, in the spaceship在太空飞船中, explain to… that…向……解释……, on the journey在旅程中, be off启程, rise into the air升人太空, feel the pull of the earth感觉到地球的拉力, call…gravity称……为地球引力, push…into the seat把……推向座位, say…to each other向彼此说……, fall back to…朝……落下去,fall from a tree从树上掉下来, fall to the ground朝地上落下去, get close to…接近……, feel…~ing感觉到……正在……, cheer up高兴起来, float weightlessly around失重飘来飘去, in the spaceship cabin太空船舱, watch…do看着……做, come on来吧, move freely自由的活动, grow tall长高, climb down the steps从梯级上爬下来, step forward向前迈步, fall over摔倒, need practice需要练习, after a while过了一会儿, get the hang of…掌握了……的诀窍, enjoy oneself感到自如, leave the moon’ s gravity摆脱月球引力, return to…返回到……, break out起火，爆发, come back to…回到……
3. Doing reading comprehension exercises
Now you are going to do exercises 1,2 and 3 on page 31.
4. Discussing
In pairs discuss what you need to take if you would go to the moon.
III. Guided writing
Next you are going to write a short article explaining three problems you might meet on the moon.
IV. Acting a text play
In groups of four turn the article HOW LIFE BEGAN ON THE EARTH into a text play. One of the group members is to be a space scientist, the other three the lovers of moon exploration. The winning group will be awarded.
V. Closing down by filling a form
Make use of the text A VISIT TO THE MOON to fill in the following form. Write in verb phrases to tell about the trip.
A VISIT TO THE MOON
Before the trip
During the trip
After landing
Returning to the earth
For reference:
A VISIT TO THE MOON
Before the trip be informed the three changes of the force of gravity; first change most powerful
During the trip take off; feel the pull of the earth/or gravity; be pushed hard back to seat; talk when the weight lessen; too far to feel the pull; feel the gravity of the moon pulling; cheer up and float weightlessly around
After landing excited when arriving; mass be less; move more freely; might grow taller to stay long enough; weigh less; be carried twice as far when step forward; fell over; get the hang of it; enjoy
Returning to the earth leaving the moon not as painful while returning to the earth frightening; fire break out as gravity increase; be pushed hard into seats; exhausting but exciting;
- 2 -Unit 1 Festival around the world
教材分析和教材重组
教材分析 本单元以节日为话题，介绍了世界各地的一些节日、含义、由来和民俗。通过本单元的学习，可以帮助学生更多地了解节日、体味文化；同时又能教育学生理解、尊重不同的文化和习俗。通过本单元的语言技能训练，要求学生学会使用请求以及感谢的表达法。1. Warming Up 要求学生以小组形式完成一个表格填充，列出中国的五个节日和这些节日的时间、庆祝的内容以及节日里人们的所作所为。激发学生的阅读兴趣，为本单元Reading部分的世界节日做好铺垫。2. Pre-reading 通过若干个问题了解学生对节日的认识，比如：你最喜欢的节日是什么？你喜欢与家人还是与朋友共度佳节？你喜欢节日的哪部分——音乐、拜访朋友，可看的还是可吃的？ 3. Reading 由五篇小短文组成，分别介绍古代节日、亡灵节、纪念名人的节日、丰收节和春天的节日等，使学生了解节日的由来及其存在的意义。最古老的节日主要庆祝冬天的结束，春天的播种，秋天的收获等。鬼节是为祭奠亡灵，取悦祖先而举行的节日，例如日本的盂兰盆节（Obon），墨西哥的亡灵节，万圣节（Halloween）等。纪念名人的节日有中国的端午节，美国的哥伦布日，印度的甘地纪念日。春天的节日包括中国的春节，西方的狂欢节、复活节，日本的樱花节。4. Comprehending 第一部分提出的6个问题让学生对所读文章有一个浅层理解。第二部分要求学生讨论哪些节日是最重要的，哪些是最有趣的，结合所读文章和自己的想法填表。第三部分要求找出各个节日中共有的三件事，然后与同伴讨论为什么这些事情对各地的人们都是重要的。这一任务不仅使学生重温所读文章的内容，而且结合他们的实际，给学生机会阐述自己的想法和观点，挖掘学生的思维潜力。这3个练习的设置由表及里，由浅入深，非常科学。5. Learning about Language 主要突出本单元的重点词汇和主要语法项目。通过本单元的学习，要求学生熟练掌握情态动词may/ might，can/could，will/would，shall/should，must/can的各种语用功能。6. Using Language涵盖了听、说、读、写四个部分。Listening通过几位学生参加Trinidad Carnival节日游行的两段对话，使学生体会参加节日游行的真实情景，既训练他们的听力又通过回答问题训练他们的分析能力。Speaking分为两部分。第一部分主要通过电话对话突出本单元交际功能用语的训练。第二部分让学生根据上段的“你”刚从Trinidad回来编对话，学生可以按自己的想象和经历编写谈话内容，这样做有助于训练学生的思维。Reading部分主要讲述发生在情人节的一个伤心的爱情故事。故事中有穿插一个“乞巧节”的传说。阅读后的讨论不但帮助学生理解文章的主旨大意，更重要的是让学生学会寻求解决问题的方法。Writing主要是要求学生根据上面阅读文章的内容写一个与文章结尾不同的结局，让学生通过思考写出自己的思想、自己的做法，尝试自己解决问题。
教材重组 1.将Warming Up，Pre-reading，Reading与Comprehending整合在一起上一节“阅读课”。2.将Learning about Language和Workbook中的using words and expressions及using structures整合在一起上一节“语言学习课”。3.将Using Language设计为一节包括听说读写在内的“综合技能课（一）”。4.将Workbook的READING AND LISTENING和TALKING结合在一起上一节“听说课”。5.将Workbook的LISTENING TASK，READING AND WRITING TASK和SPEAKING TASK设计为一节“综合技能课（二）”。
课时分配 1st Period Reading2nd Period Language study3rd Period Integrating skills(Ⅰ)4th Period Listening and Speaking5th Period Integrating skills(Ⅱ)
Part 1: Teaching Design
(第一部分：教学设计)
Period 1: A sample lesson plan for reading
(FESTIVALS AND CELEBRATIONS)
Aims
To help students develop their reading ability
To help students learn about festivals
Procedures
I. Warming up
Warming up by discussing
Good morning, class. Today we are going to read about FESTIVALS AND CELEBRATIONS. But first, I’d like to have you work in groups and list five Chinese festivals that you know. When do they take place What do they celebrate And what do people do at that time
Warming up by watching and listening
Hi, every one. Look at the photos and listen to me telling you about some Western Festivals.
Some Western Festivals Valentine’s Day , February 14 情人节 Candy, flowers and other tokens of affection are exchanged on this day, in honor of two martyrs, both named St. Valentine. April Fool’s Day, April 1 愚人节 Franksters feel that it is permissible to play all sorts of tricks on this day. Mother’s Day 母亲节 The second Sunday in May, set aside to honor mothers. Father’s Day 父亲节 The third Sunday in June, set aside to honor fathers. Halloween , October 31 万圣节 A special day for making merry, wearing costumes and playing old-fashioned games. A favorite with children. Easter 复活节 A Christian holy day in March or April when Christians remember the death of Christ and his return to life.Thanksgiving Day 感恩节 Generally the fourth Thursday in November, set aside for national thanksgiving, especially for our democratic form of government. It is a legal holiday in all states. Labor’s Day 劳动节 The first Monday in September. Set aside to honor labor, it is a legal holiday in all states.Christmas Day, December 25 圣诞节 This is both a legal and religious holiday, it observes the anniversary of the birth of Jesus. All states and all those of the Christian faith celebrate this holiday.
Warming up by learning vocabulary
Turn to page 96, and go over the vocabulary list for Unit 1. Find out the relationship between the spelling and the pronunciation.
II. Pre-reading
1. Imagining and sharing
Hello! Now you can celebrate everyday!
Everyday is a holiday. Imagine somewhere someone is celebrating right now. Our world is filled with mystical celebrations and powerful e and tell the class what holiday it is today.
2. Talking and sharing
Work in groups of four. Tell your group mates what festivals or celebrations you enjoy in your city or town.
III. Reading
1. Listening to the recording
Now please listen to the recording of the text FESTIVALS AND CELEBRATIONS. Pay attention to the pronunciation of each word and the pauses within each sentence. I will play the tape twice.
2. Reading and underlining
Next you are to read and underline all the useful expressions or collocations in the passage. Copy them to your notebook after class as homework.
Collocations from FESTIVALS AND CELEBRATIONS
hold festivals and celebrations, catch animals, have food吃饭, light fires, make music, bring a year of plenty带来富足的一年, honour the dead纪念死去了的人, satisfy and please sb.讨好取悦某人, do harm to对……有害, clean the graves扫墓, light incense, in memory of 纪念；追念, light lamps, play music, lead sb. back to earth, on an important feast day, in the shake of sth., offer sth. to sb., have the origin as an event, ask for sth., dress up乔装打扮；穿上盛装, play a trick诈骗；开玩笑, hold festivals as an honour to sb., a national holiday, gain …’s independence, gather… for…, a season of agricultural work, decorate churches with 用……装饰教堂, get together聚会, have meals吃饭, win awards for sth., admire the moon, give gifts of moon cakes, an energetic and important festival, look forward to期望；期待；盼望, eat dumplings吃饺子, give sb. lucky money给某人压岁钱, in red paper, dragon dances, celebrate the lunar New Year庆祝阴历的新年, take place发生, day and night日日夜夜, loud music, colourful clothing of all kinds, an important religious and social festival, be covered with 由……覆盖., have fun with each other彼此玩得开心, enjoy life享受生活, be proud of为……自豪, forget sth. for a little while暂时忘记某事
4. Reading and transferring information
Read the text again to complete the table listing festivals and their celebrations.
FESTIVALS AND CELEBRATIONS
Ancient Festivals Festival of the Dead Festival to Honour People Harvest Festival Spring Festival
Celebrate the end of the cold weather, … … … … …
4. Reading and understanding difficult sentences
As you have read the text, you can surely tell which sentences are difficult to understand. Now put your questions concerning the difficult points to me.
IV. Closing down by doing exercises
To end the lesson you are to do the comprehending exercises No. 1, 2 and 3 on page 3.
Closing down by learning the text by heart
In the last few minutes you are asked to learn the text by heart. You may make use of the table you filled in just now.
Additional Materials
Complete the summary of the story with one word in each blank.FESTIVALS AND CELEBRATIONSWe have 1___ of festivals. Ancient people held festivals and celebrations to celebrate the end of winter or the catching of animals. Some festivals are in 2___ of the ancestors. They light lamps, play music on an important feast day, offering good things to the dead.People hold festivals as an 3____ to famous people or to the gods. These festivals have their 4___ as an event, like the Dragon Boat Festival which honors the famous 5____ Qu Yuan. .Harvest and Thanksgiving festivals are held in many countries. People decorate churches, get together, have meals or win awards for competitions. On Mid-Autumn Festival people 6___ the moon and have moon cakes.Chinese New Year is an 7___ and important festival. People look 8___ to 9____ up, eating dumplings, giving children lucky money in red paper, playing dragon dances. The celebration of the lunar New Year may take 10___ throughout the country, day and night. It is an important religious and social festival.（Key：1. plenty 2. memory 3. honour 4. origins 5. poet 6. admire 7. energetic 8. forward 9. dressing 10. place）
Comprehension questions1. How many kinds of festivals does the passage refer to A. 2. B. 3. C. 4. D. 52. The festival to honor famous people is___.A. Obon B. the Dragon Boat Festival C. Halloween D. Easter3. The children usually do the following EXCEPT ___ on Halloween Day.A. play the “trick or treat” game B. dress up to frighten people C. have pumpkin pie D. eat cakes with “bones” on them4. Which of the following is FALSE according to the passage A. Thanksgiving Day is to celebrate harvest. B. Obon is in memory of the dead ancestors.C. The Dragon Boat Festival is named after an old competition. D. The carnivals usually take place in February.（Key：1.C 2.B 3.D 4.C）
Notes to some difficult sentences1. Discuss when they take place. (Warming up)take place 表示 “发生、产生”。比较happen与take place:
happen偶然性的没有预料到的事情的发生take place必然性的发生 Great changes have taken place in my hometown. We don’t know what has happened to the poor mother.2. Festivals and celebrations of all kinds are held everywhere. (Reading)这里festivals and celebrations of all kinds = all kinds of festivals and celebrations。又如：experiments of this kind = this kind of experiments —You said he was old. 你说他老了。 —I never said anything of the kind.（=I said nothing at all like that.）我从来没有说过那种话！注意of a kind的含义：1) of the same kind：Father and son are two of a kind. They’re both generous.2) of a not very good kind：It’s advice of a kind，but it wasn’t very helpful.3. The most energetic and important festivals are the ones that look forward to the end of winter and the coming of spring. (Reading)look forward to期待, to 在这里是介词。I’m looking forward to seeing you soon.下列短语中的to 也是介词。1.be similar to与……相似
2.be/get engaged to（与某人）订婚
3. relate…to/with把……与……联系起来，be related to 与……有关系
4. be/become/get addicted to“对……上瘾；沉溺于”
5. look up to尊敬；钦佩
6．A is to B what C is to D. “A对B而言正如C对D一样。”
7. belong to 属于；是……的成员之一8. contribute to “为……作贡献；有助于……；向……投稿”
9. available( to)可获得的；可用的；可看见的
10. to the full/fullest充分地；尽情地；非常
11. witness to“为……作证；出庭证明；证实；说明”
12. attend to“处理；专心于；注意”
13. have access to接近；进入
14. put an end to结束；制止
15. lead to导致；招致
e to life恢复生气；活跃起来
17. set an example to为……树立榜样
18. get used to适应于……；习惯于……
19. tend to朝某方向；趋于
20. date back to追溯到；始于
21. object to反对；讨厌
22. according to根据
23. adjust to适应
24. draw attention to吸引某人的注意力
25. open a /the door to/for为……创造条件，给……开门，给……以方便 4. The country is covered with cherry trees flowers so that it looks as though it might be covered with pink snow.as though=as if好像;仿佛;似乎；The boy looks as if he were a big man.5. In European countries it is the custom to decorate churches and town halls with flowers and fruit. (Reading)it在这里是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式to decorate churches and town halls with flowers and fruit。6. If they are not given anything, the children might play a trick. (Reading)play a trick (on sb) 在这里是“捉弄某人”的意思。类似是表达还有laugh at sb 嘲笑某人；make jokes about sb开某人的玩笑。The naughty children like playing tricks on their maths teacher.Don’t laugh at the people in trouble.How dare you make jokes about your boss 7. Because they thought these festivals would bring a year of plenty. (Reading)year/ day/ life of plenty表示“富足的年景/日子/生活”。You have a life of plenty， what would you be worried about？
【高考链接】情态动词难点透视英语中的情态动词虽然为数不多，但是要掌握好它们的用法并不容易。本文结合同学们在使用情态动词时不易掌握的难点谈几点看法。
1. can表示可能性时，指的是理论上的可能，它通常不用来表示某事实际发生的可能性或真实性。如：
Accidents can happen．Anybody can make mistakes．
如果我们要表达某事发生的实际可能性，要用may, could或might等。
We may spend our summer holidays in Hangzhou this year．
Will you answer the telephone？It could／may／might be your mother．
2.could用来征求意见时，语气要比can委婉，但在回答问题时我们不能用could,因为语气委婉，可能性就变小了。如：
—Could I use your telephone？—Yes, please go ahead．
3.在过去时态的肯定句中需要某种条件或努力做成某事，我们要用was／were able to而不能用could。如：
It was a holiday and the children were able to go to the seaside．
The girl worked hard so she was able to pass the final test．
4．must与have to都可以表示“必须”的意思，但要注意以下两点区别。
1) must只有现在时，而have to有现在时、过去时和将来时。如：
We must work hard, or we’ll fail in the examination．
Years ago, the poor girl had to leave school for lack of money．
2) must表示主观看法，have to则侧重于客观需要。如：
We must be strict with ourselves in everything．
In cities with many cars, some people have to wear masks．
5．must表示推测时，其反意问句有好几种形式。
1) “must＋动词原形”对目前的情况进行推测时以及用must＋be＋-ing形式对目前正在发生的情况进行推测时，疑问短语部分要与must之后的动词相一致。如：
The mathematics teacher must be in the office now, isn’t he﹖
2) “must＋have＋过去分词”用来表示对已经发生的事情进行推论。如果句子中有过去的时间状语，疑问部分用助动词didn’t否则，疑问部分用haven’t或hasn’t。如：
The children must have watered the tomatoes yesterday, didn’t they﹖
The minister must have arrived in Shanghai, hasn’t he﹖
6．shall可以用来征求对方意见，用于第一、三人称。此外它也可以用来表示说话人的命令、警告、允诺、威胁或决心等，这时它用于第二、三人称。如：
Shall she go to the concert with us this evening﹖ (征求意见)
You shall go to the front at once．(命令)
Don’t worry．You shall get the answer this very afternoon．（允诺）He shall be sorry one day．I tell you．(警告)
Nothing shall stop us from fighting against pollution．(决心)
7．在表示将来的时间、条件状语从句中，不能用will（这时的will不是情态动词，而是助动词，帮助构成将来时）。如：
If it will rain tomorrow, we shall not go to the mountain village．(误)
If it rains tomorrow, we shall not go to the mountain village．(正)
当情态动词will表示意愿或决心时，是可以用于条件状语从句的。如：
If you will listen to me, I’ll give you some advice on how to learn English．
如果你愿意听我的话，我将给你提点学习英语的建议。
If you will come this way，the manager will meet you．
请您往这边走，经理现在要见你。
8．should除表示必要或义务外，还可表示推测或可能。如：
The American friends should be here now．
“should／ought to＋have＋过去分词”既可表示本该做而事实上没有做的事，也可以表示惊讶、责备、赞叹等情绪。如：
You should have told her about it the day before yesterday．
It’s wonderful that you should have achieved so much in these years．
“情态动词＋have＋过去分词”是很重要的一种句型，除should外，may, might, must, couldn’t, needn’t, ought to等都可以用于这一句型，但要注意使用不同的情态动词句子的意思就有所不同。
9．ought to与should意思接近，大多数情况下二者可以互换，但是should谈的是自己的主观看法，ought to则更多反映客观情况，在谈到法律、义务和规定时使用。如：
We should／ought to help each other and learn from each other in our work．
She is your mother, so you ought to support her．
We ought to go and see Mary tomorrow, but I don’t think we will．
10．need用作情态动词，仅用于否定句和疑问句，而不用于肯定句。在肯定句中要用must, have to, should, ought to或将need当作行为动词使用。如：
We need report the matter to the boss immediately．(误)
We must report the matter to the boss immediately．（正）
We need to report the matter to the boss immediately．（正）
dare的用法也一样。
dare与need 的用法
1) dare作为情态动词,主要用于疑问句,否定句和条件从句中,一般不用于肯定句。
a. How dare you say I’m unfair
b. He daren’t speak English before such a crowd, dare she
c. If he dare break the rule, he will be punished.
2) need表示”需要”或”必须”,作情态动词用时,仅用于否定句或疑问句、条件从句中。“有……必要”。在肯定句中一般用must, have to, ought to或should代替。
a. You needn’t come so early.
b. —Need I finish the work today —Yes, you must. / No, you needn’t.
c. If you need go there, please let me know.
3) dare和need常用作实义动词,有时态、人称和数的变化。所不同的是,在肯定句中, dare 后面通常接带to的不定式; 在否定和疑问句中, dare后可接带to或不带to的不定式。
a. I dare to swim across the river b. He doesn’t dare (to) answer.
c. We need time and money.
d. The dining room needs/ wants/ requires cleaning every day.
= The dining room needs/ wants/ requires to be cleaned every day.
e. Does he need to take the medicine four times a day 需要注意的几点:
1. 表示猜测，can一般不用于肯定句中，除非是“经验之谈” 。这时can可以表示客观的可能性,并不牵涉具体的事情是否会发生;要表示某事发生的可能性别时需要用could，may， might。Children can often get ill suddenly．（小孩常常可能突然生病）Certain things in the home can be dangerous，especially if you have young children．（家里的某些东西可能有危险，尤其是有小孩的时候。）上面两句可以看作医务工作者或抚养过孩子的人说的话，属“经验之谈”。Accidents can happen on such rainy days.
2．may和might都不用于疑问句中。如：（正）Can／Could it be cloudy tomorrow？（误）May／Might it be cloudy tomorrow？
3．must的否定式是can't／couldn't，不是 needn't或mustn't。
4．would ＋V原形：想必现在／过去……；现在／过去可能……He would be back today／yesterday．想必他今天／昨天回来了。（他今天／昨天可能回来了。）
5．should／ought to＋V原形：想必现在／将来会……The dinner should／ought to be ready now．想必晚饭现在已备好。He should／ought to ring up this afternoon．想必他今天下午会打电话的。
6．will ＋V原形：将来一定／准会……
Try your best，and your wish will come true．尽力吧，你的理想准会实现的。
【高考链接】1. Black holes ______ not be seen directly, so determining the number of them is a tough task.（2006上海）A. can B. should C. must D. need2．— What’s the name （2006北京） — Khulaifi. _______ I spell that for you A. Shall B. Would C. Can D. Might3. — Must he come to sign this paper himself —Yes, he . (2006广东)A. need B. must C. may D. will4. There's no light on —they______ be at home. (2006 全国I)A. can't B. mustn't C. needn't D. shouldn't5. Some aspects of a pilot’s job __________be boring, and pilots often _________work at inconvenient hours. （2006湖南）A. can; have to B. may; can C. have to; may D. ought to; must6. —Mum, I’ve been studying English since 8 o’clock. I go out and play with Tom for a while —No, I’m afraid not. Besides, it’s raining outside now .(2004辽宁)A．Can’t B．Wouldn’t C．May not D．Won’t 7. Children under 12 years of age in that country ________ be under adult supervision when in a public library. (2004上海)A. must B. may C. can D. need8. —May I smoke here （2006山东）—If you ____, choose a seat in the smoking section.A. should B. could C. may D. must9. The weather turned out to be fine yesterday．I___the trouble to carry my umbrella with me．（2006江西） A．should have taken B．could have taken C．needn't have taken D.mustn't have taken10. “The interest be divided into five parts, according to the agreement made by both sides,” declared the judge. (2004重庆)A. may B. should C. must D. shall 11. —Could I have a word with you, mum （2006浙江） — Oh dear, if you ________.A. can B. must C. may D. should12．You can’t imagine that a well-behaved gentleman ___ be so rude to a lady. (2001上海)A. might B. need C. should D. would13. How ___ you say that you really understand the whole story if you have covered only part of the article (2003上海)A. can B. must C. need D. may14. —Do you know where David is I couldn’t find him anywhere. (2005湖北)
—Well. He ___have gone far—his coat’s still here.
A．shouldn’t B．mustn’t C. can’t D．wouldn’t 15．—Excuse me, but I want to use your computer to type a report.（2004湖南） —You have my computer if you don't take care of it.A. shan't B. might not C. needn't D. shouldn't 【巩固练习】1．You are wet through.You ___ in the rain.
A. must come B. must have caught C. may catch D. must have got caught
2. I thought you ___ like something to read，so I have brought you some books．A．may B．might C．could D．must
3. —I stayed at a hotel while in New York． —Oh, did you？You ___ with Barbara．?A．could have stayed B．could stay C．would stay D．must have stayed ?4. —When can I come for the photos？ I need them tomorrow afternoon．—They ___ be ready by 12：00．?A．can B. should C． might D．need5. We ___ last night，but we went to the concert instead． A．must have studied B．might study C．should have studied D． would study6. I was on the highway when this oar west past followed by a police car. They ____ at least 150 kilometers an hour. (2005重庆)A. should have been doing B. must have been doing C. could have done D. would have done7. —The room is so dirty． ____ we clean it？(2003北京)—Of course． A．Will B．Shall C．Would D．Do8. Mr. White _____ at 8:30 for the meeting, but he didn’t show up. (2004全国-03)A. should have arrived B. should arrive C. should have had arrived D. should be arriving9. I often see lights in that empty house. Do you think I _____ report it to the police (2004广西)A. should B. may C. will D. can10. — Who is the girl standing over there (2004天津) — Well, if you know, her name is Mabel. A. may B. can C. must D. shall【汉译英】1. 这些无家可归的孩子渴望得到爱。2. 你丰衣足食，还有什么担忧的？3. 如果我们以这种方式处理问题，那可能弊大于利。4. 用不着穿讲究的衣服，就穿平常的衣服吧。5. 我盼望再见到你。【答案及解析】【高考链接】 1. A can意为“能够”，表示黑洞是不能直接被看见的。2. A shall在此表示征求对方的意见，用于第一、三人称。3. B must在此表"必须"引导一般疑问句,其肯定回答是Yes ,… must,否定回答是No, … needn’t; need表"必要"用于疑问句,其肯定回答用Yes, … must,否定回答用 No, … needn’t。4. A “can't+ 动词原形”表示对现在情况的猜测和判断（常用于否定），意思是“不可能”。根据There's no light on可判断他们不可能在家。mustn't表示“禁止，一定不能”； needn't表示“没必要”； shouldn't表示“不应该”。 5. A can可以表示客观的可能性,并不牵涉具体的事情是否会发生；have to表示不得不。6. A can表示许可，用于口语时与may相近。根据语法规则，一般疑问句可以用can’t但不能用may not。7. A 句意为“在那个国家，12岁以下的儿童在公共图书馆一定要有成人监督”。从that country和under 12 years可以看出这是一个全国性的要求，所以应用must, 表示“必须, 一定要”。8．D must在这里表示主观原因。问句是：我可以在这儿抽烟吗？答语是：如果一定要抽，那就请坐到吸烟区。9. C need have done用于否定句,表示“本不必要……的”。10．D shall用于第二、三人称时表示说话人的命令、警告、允诺、威胁或决心等，本句法官宣布的决定有法律效力，要求利息分为5份。11. B must表示一定要，主观愿意。12. C should在此表示说话人的一种惊讶的语气。句意为：你简直不能想象一个行为体面的绅士居然对一位女士那么粗鲁。13. A can用于疑问句或否定句中表示惊异、不相信等。14. C can’t have done用于否定推测。15. A shall用于第二、三人称时表示说话人的命令、警告、威胁或决心等。【巩固练习】1. D must have got caught中的got与been同义。be caught in the rain表示被雨淋,原因是 You are wet through。
2. B由题意可知被猜测的时间是（过去）将来，没有客观事实根据，猜测语气要求最弱。3. A could have＋过去分词表示"（过去）本来可以（能够）做某事，但实际上没有做到"。4. B should在本题中表示应该。 5. C本题中的一个关键词but暗示了“我们不应去听音乐会，而应学习”。6. B must have been doing表示猜测、推测，有“应当一直在，想必一直在”的意思。本句猜测刚才的车速肯定在每小时150公里以上。7. B 问句表示征求对方的意见。8. A “should＋have＋过去分词”表示本该做而事实上没有做的事，这里有惊讶之意。9. A should在本题中表示应该。10. C 句意为 “——站在那儿的那个女孩是谁 ——嗯，如果你一定要知道的话，她叫梅布尔”。 【汉译英】1. The homeless children were starving for love.2. You have a life of plenty, what would you be worried about 3. If we solve the problem in this way, it may do more harm than good.4. Don’t bother to dress e as you are.5. I am looking forward to seeing you again.Unit 1 Festival around the world
Part 2: Teaching Resources
(第二部分：教学资源)
Section 1: A text structure analysis of FESTIVALS AND CELEBRATIONS
1. Type of writing and summary of the text
Type of writing This is a piece of descriptive writing.
Main idea of the passage Festivals and celebrations of all kinds, such as festivals of the dead, festivals to honour people, harvest festivals and spring festivals, have been held ever since the ancient times.
Topic sentence of 1st paragraph Ancient festivals celebrate the end of the cold weather and the hunting of animals.
Topic sentence of 2nd paragraph Festivals are held to honour the dead, or satisfy and please the ancestors.
Topic sentence of 3rd paragraph Festivals can be held as an honour to famous people or to the gods.
Topic sentence of 4th paragraph Harvest and Thanksgiving festivals can be very happy events.
Topic sentence of 5th paragraph The most energetic and important festivals are the ones at the end of the winter and the coming of spring.
2. A box graph of the text
→
Section 2: Background information for Unit1 Festivals around the world
1. What is a festival
a day or period of time set aside for feasting and celebration
an organized series of acts and performances (usually in one place); “a drama festival.”
From Latin, joyful. Another way of describing a Feast Day.
A special day or season of the year to celebrate an event of importance to a religion. They were and are times of feasting (hence the name) and are often associated with holidays ('holy-days')
A special occasion during the church year.
a religious celebration.
A ceremonial parade
2. Traditional Chinese Festivals
Spring Festival春节 The most important festival in China is the Spring Festival. Since all the traditional festivals in China are based on the Chinese lunar calendar, the Spring Festival marks the beginning of the Chinese Lunar New Year. At this festival, people bring out their bounty from hunting, fishing and the field to thank the gods and ancestors for the blessings. The first meal in Spring Festival is rather important. Family members will have a reunion to eat together. According to historical records, people from both north and south ate dumplings on Chinese New Year's Day. Dumpling means midnight or the end and the beginning of time.To pay a New Year visit is an important event during the Spring Festival. And from the Ming Dynasty in the 14th century, ordinary people began to exchange cards.The recreational activities during the Spring Festival are various and colorful. The traditional performances are Dragon Dance and Lion Dance. On New Year's Eve firecrackers are ubiquitous.
Mid-Autumn Festival中秋节 Chinese ancestors believed that the seventh, eighth, and ninth lunar months belong to autumn. So the Mid-Autumn Festival falls on the 15th day of the eighth lunar month.Mid-Autumn Festival celebrations date back more than 2,000 years. In feudal times, Chinese emperors prayed to Heaven for a prosperous year.There is a beautiful legend about the moon. A long time ago, a terrible drought plagued the earth. Ten suns burned fiercely in the sky like smoldering volcanoes. The king of Heaven sent Hou Yi down to the earth to shoot down nine suns. A beautiful girl named Chang'e fell in love with him. The two soon married. The Goddess rewards Hou Yi with an elixir. Unfortunately an evil man murdered Hou Yi. Chang'e had to eat the elixir herself and decided to choose living on the moon.Because the full moon is round and symbolizes reunion, the Mid-Autumn Festival is also known as the festival of reunion. People will eat moon-cakes at this festival for cakes shaped like the moon. So don't forget to taste all the delicious moon-cakes at the Mid-Autumn Festival.
Yuanxiao Festival
元宵节 The Yuanxiao Festival is on the 15th of the first lunar month. That night there is a full moon, and every household is decorated with colorful lanterns and prepares yuanxiao, a kind of round dumpling made of glutinous rice flour with sweet of salted fillings, which is boiled or fried. When night falls, people go into the street, where exquisite lanterns of diverse designs are hung. Some are pasted with riddles for the passers-by to solve.
Laba and the Eight-Treasure Porridge
腊八和八宝粥 Laba is celebrated on the eighth day of the 12th lunar month, because La in Chinese means the 12th lunar month and Ba means eight. The eighth day of that month was considered a day for sacrifice to the gods and ancestors to ensure a peaceful life and a good harvest for the next year.
On this day, people will eat Labazhou--the eight-treasure porridge, referring to the many nutritious ingredients used in this porridge. The eight-treasure porridge was first introduced to China in the Song Dynasty about 900 years ago. According to written records, large Buddhist temples would offer it to the poor to show their faith to Buddha. In the Ming Dynasty about 500 years ago, it became such a holy food that emperors would offer it to their officials during festivals. As it gained favor in the feudal upper class, it also quickly became popular throughout the country.
Spring festivals
Harvest festivals
Festivals to honour people
Festivals of the Dead
Ancient festivalsUnit 1 Festival around the world
Part 1: Teaching Design
(第一部分：教学设计)
Period 2: A sample lesson plan for Learning about Language
(Modal verbs: may/ might, can/ could, will/ would, shall/ should, must/ can)
Aims
To help students learn about Modal verbs
To help students discover and learn to use some useful words and expressions
To help students discover and learn to use some useful structures
Procedures
I. Warming up
Warming up by discovering useful words and expressions
Turn to page 4 and do exercises No. 1, 2 ,3, 4 and 5 first. Check your answers against your classmates’.
II. Learning about grammar
1. Reading and finding
Turn to page 1 and read the text of FESTIVALS AND CELEBRATIONS. As you read, find out examples of may/ might, can/ could, will/ would, shall/ should, must/ can used in the sentences.
2. Doing exercises No. 1, 2 and 3 on page 5
Turn to page 5 and do the exercises No. 1,2 and 3 in groups of four.
III. Closing down by doing a quiz
To end the period you are going to take a quiz on modal verbs: can, could, may and might
Use one of the modal verbs in brackets to fill each gap:
(Answers: 1~5 might, may, Could, could, Can;6~10:may, can’t, couldn’t, could, might)Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the stars
教材分析和教材重组
教材分析 本单元的主要内容是边缘科学、地球生命的起源，万有引力、黑洞和太空旅行等天文学知识。通过本单元的学习，培养学生对科学的兴趣，激发学生探究科学的热情。1. Warming Up部分共有三组问题，第一组问题引导学生讨论边缘科学(Frontier Science)，即以两种或多种学科为基础而发展起来的科学。例如，生物化学是以生物学和化学为基础的边缘科学。第二组问题探讨科学研究的方法。第三组问题让学生思考要成为真正的科学家所必须掌握的技能。2. Pre-reading部分主要让学生弄清楚什么是科学思想，什么是宗教信仰或文化传统。学生总喜欢听故事或讲故事，在探讨生命的起源的科学道理之前，让学生交流一下有关宇宙的起源的种种传说，既有趣味性，又能调动学生的相关知识，激活学生的思维。3. Reading部分讲述了地球上生命的起源。水的形成使得地球有别与其他星球，它使得地球上生命的诞生成为可能。科学家认为，地球上的生命首先诞生于水中，上百万年后，陆地上才长出绿色植物，随后出现了陆栖动物和水陆两栖动物。最初的动物靠孵化繁衍后代，后来出现了哺乳动物，人类也随之诞生了。文章最后讲述的现象发人深省：The earth may become too hot for the lives on it.它关系到地球上生命的未来。4. Comprehending部分通过四个选择填空题检测学生对本文核心问题的理解：地球上生命的起源和延续需要哪些条件 随后通过排序的方式帮助学生弄清本文的行文线索，也就是地球上生命的起源和发展历程。最后提出两个问题，考查学生的深层理解和推断能力。5. Learning about Language部分首先通过英文解释帮助理解课文中的生词，然后，通过短文填空、词语分类等形式将这些词语用于一个相关的情境中。语法部分也是采用先发现后应用的学习方法。先通过到课文中找句子，让学生认识主语从句，然后，设置一个用手机发短信息的情境，让学生进行简单句与主语从句之间的转换练习。最后设置情境来复习第三单元出现的表语从句。6. Using Language部分综合训练听说读写的能力。听力部分的内容介绍三位科学巨匠，不仅通过听力填表的形式训练学生捕捉细节的能力，还通过四选一的形式帮助学生找主题思想。在解释对与错的过程中，教师可以适当地介绍一下概括主题的方法。阅读部分是一个科幻小故事，通过“我”和“我的朋友”乘宇宙飞船登月球的经历，介绍了重量、失重和地球引力等科学道理。说和写部分以Visiting the moon为话题，要求学生讨论登月球需要携带的物品和在月球上可能遇到的困难，并要求学生找出克服这些困难的方法。教师可以根据课本上的提示，向学生介绍“先分述后总结”的写作方法。提出问题的解决方案时，要求学生选用适当的“指示”用语。
教材重组 1. 将Warming Up，Pre-reading，Reading与Comprehending整合在一起上一节“阅读课”。2. 将Learning about Language和Workbook的using words and expressions及using structures整合在一起上一节“语言学习课”。3. 将Using Language设计为一节包括听说读写在内的“综合技能课（一）”。4. 将Workbook的READING AND LISTENING和TALKING结合在一起上一节“听说课”。5. 将Workbook的LISTENING TASK，READING AND WRITING TASK和SPEAKING TASK设计为一节“综合技能课（二）”。
课时分配 1st Period Reading2nd Period Language study3rd Period Integrating skills(Ⅰ)4th Period Listening and Speaking5th Period Integrating skills(Ⅱ)
Part 1: Teaching Design
(第一部分：教学设计)
Period 1: A sample lesson plan for reading
(HOW LIFE BEGAN ON THE EARTH)
Aims
To develop the students’ reading ability
To learn something about astronomy
Procedures
I. Warming up by learning vocabulary
Good morning, class! Today, w are going to take Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the stars. Before we read the text, let’s turn to page 99 and get familiarized with the vocabulary first. Pay attention to the making of the word. Study the prefixes, roots and suffixes in the words.
HYPERLINK "http://image./i ct=503316480&z=55863402&tn=baiduimagedetail&word=杨利伟&in=12" \t "_blank" INCLUDEPICTURE "http://t3./it/u=4247200264,1552812539&gp=2.jpg" \* MERGEFORMATINET
Astronaut Yang Liwei
II. Pre-reading
1. Looking and saying
Have you ever wondered how the universe began Well I'm sure you may have many answers to this question, but I have one that perhaps, you may not have heard of yet. I will be giving you my theory on this subject. Now look at the screen and listen to me telling you something exciting.科学家透露：宇宙可能有两个我们的宇宙和一个"隐藏的"宇宙共同"镶嵌"在"五维空间"中。在我们的宇宙早期，这两个宇宙发生了一次相撞事故，相撞产生的能量生成了我们宇宙中的物质和能量。 　　 　　
2. Talking and sharing
Do you know how the universe began
In the 1920s in California, astronomer Edwin Hubble observed distant galaxies using an extremely powerful telescope. He made two mind-boggling(unbelievable) discoveries.
First, Hubble figured out that the Milky Way isn’t the only galaxy. He realized that faint, cloud-like objects in the night sky are actually other galaxies far, far away. The Milky Way is just one of billions of galaxies.
Second, Hubble discovered that the galaxies are constantly moving away from each other. In other words, the universe is expanding. The biggest thing that we know about is getting bigger all the time.
A few years later, Belgian astronomer Georges Lema tre used Hubble‘s amazing discoveries to suggest an answer to a big astronomy question: “How did the universe begin ”
III. Reading
1. Listening and reading aloud
Now please listen to the recording and then read the text aloud. Pay attention to how the native speaker is reading along and where the pauses are within each sentence. I will play the tape twice and you shall read aloud twice, too.
2. Reading and underlining
Next you are to read and underline all the useful expressions or collocations in the passage. Copy them into your notebook after class as homework.
Collocations from HOW LIFE BEGAN ON THE EARTHa cloud of energetic dust具有能量的尘埃, combine into…合成……, move around the sun环绕太阳运转, become violent变得激烈, the solid surface固体表面, explode loudly猛烈爆炸, in time及时，最终, produce the water vapor产生水蒸汽, make the earth’s atmosphere构成了地球的大气层, cool down冷却, on the surface在表面, be different from…与……不同, go round the sun环绕太阳运转, disappear from…从……消失, stay on…存留在……, show one’s quality显现某人的特性, dissolve harmful gases分解，溶解有害气体, become part of…变成……的一部分, develop life发展生命, grow in the water在水里生长, fill… with…用……来填充……，充满了……, encourage the development of…鼓励……的发展, millions of years later几万年以后, live on land在陆地上生活, live in the sea在海里生存, grow into forests长成森林, produce young生出幼仔, lay eggs下蛋, animals with hands and feet长着手脚的动物, spread all over the earth遍布全世界, develop new methods发展了新的方法, grow food种植, move around迁徙, go by过去，推移, take care of…在意……，照看好……, put…into…把……带入，放入……, prevent…from…防止……做……, escape from… into…从……逃离到……, become hot变热, depend on….依靠，依赖，取决与……, solve a problem解决一个问题
3. Reading and understanding difficult sentences
Skim the text and identify the difficult sentences of each paragraph. You may put your hand up if you have any questions.
4. Reading and transferring information
Read the text again to complete the table below,
HOW LIFE BEGAN ON THE EARTH
What was the earth like after the “Big Bang”
Why was the earth different
How was life developed on earth
What did small clever animals do
5. Reading and translating
As you have read the text times, you can surely put it into Chinese. Wang Hongqin, will you be the first to have a try, of putting the first paragraph into Chinese.
IV. Closing down
Closing down by doing exercises
To end the lesson you are to do the comprehending exercises 2 and 3 on pages 26 and 27.
Closing down by having a discussion—How Did the Universe Begin
There are only three possible answers to this question.
1．It was created by something larger than itself since the first law of thermodynamics(热力学) says that energy cannot be created, only changed.
The universe had to be created by something outside itself, because of the same law. We also know that man could not have created it.
2．It was begun by chance (or accident); or
3．The answer is not sure.
Shown this way, the question is:
Additional Materials
Complete the summary of the story with one word in each blank.HOW LIFE BEGAN ON THE EARTHAfter the “Big Bang” came a 1 of energetic dust, the earth. Dust combined into a ball, moving 2 the sun. The earth became violent. Then it 3 loudly. In time, the water vapor was produced, making the earth’s atmosphere 4 down. Water then appeared on the 5 . The earth was to be different from other planets going round the 6 . Water disappeared from other planets. But it stayed on 7 . Small plants began developing 8 the water.Years later green plants came into 9 . The air then was 10 with oxygen.Millions of years later, small 11 animals were found to be living on the 12 , in the sea. They spread all over the earth, moving 13 the earth, putting too much carbon dioxide into the atmosphere which 14 heat from escaping from earth into space. In the end the earth may become too hot to live 15 .（Keys: 1. cloud 2. around 3. exploded 4. cool 5. surface 6. sun 7. earth 8. in 9. being 10. filled 11. clever 12. land 13. around 14. prevents 15. upon）
Comprehension questionsWhat forms the earth’s atmosphere A. Carbon dioxide, oxygen. B. Carbon dioxide, oxygen, poisonous gas.Water vapour, carbon dioxide, oxygen, nitrogen. Water vapour, carbon dioxide, oxygen, nitrogen and other gases.Can you tell what is the “special qualities” of the earth according to the passage A. The earth goes around the sun. B. The earth was solid shape which was last.C. There are animals and human beings live on it. D. Water remains on the surface of the earth.What kind of factor improve the progress of life A. Water forms on the earth’s surface. B. Green plants began to appear on land.The air is full of carbon dioxide. D. Animals began to appear such as insects, amphibians, est.What is the main idea of this passage A. It tells us how does life begin to appear on the earth. B. It tells us why does green plants grow before animals.It tells us water plays an important role in the development of life. D. It tells us carbon dioxide is the reason why living beings will die in the future,The author infers us that if we want to the life continue on the earth, what should we do A. We should produce more carbon dioxide to cause global warming.B. We should solve the problem of global warming as soon as possible.C. We should bear less people and think about a new way to grow more crops.D. We should be worthy of water.(Key: DDBAB)
Notes to some difficult sentences1. After the “Big Bang ” the earth was just a cloud of energetic dust.随着“轰隆”一声巨响，地球就成为一个云团，充满着具有能量的尘埃。Big Bang(big-bang cosmology) 大爆炸宇宙学。2. It exploded loudly with fire and rock, which were in time to produce the water vapour, carbon dioxide, oxygen, nitrogen and other gases, which were to make the earth’s atmosphere. 它（地球）巨大的爆炸喷出了烈火与岩石，最终产生了水蒸汽、二氧化碳、氧、氮和其他多种气体，从而形成了地球的大气层。in time: sooner or later; eventually 迟早；最后。I’ll see him in time. 总有一天我会遇见他。in time(for sth/ to do sth) : not late 及时；不迟。She will be back in time to prepare dinner. 她来得及回来准备晚饭。in/out of time: in/not in the correct time 合/不合节怕。The audience clapped in time to the music. 观众合着音乐的节拍拍手。（sth）be to (do): (something) will definitely happen, or it must happen 不可避免要发生或必须发生。They said goodbye, little knowing that they were never to meet again. 他们彼此说了再见，几乎不知道再也不可能见面了。She is to be honored for this great work. 她（一定）会因这部著作而获得荣誉。Mr. Clark said to his daughter, “You are to be home by 10 o’clock at the latest.” 克拉克先生对他的女儿说：“你必须在10点之前到家。”3. Nobody knew that it was going to be different from other planets going round the sun. 谁也不知道地球会别于环绕太阳运转的其它行星。（sb/sth）be different from: not like someone or something else in one or more ways 与……不同。City life is quite different from country life. 都市生活与乡村生活是非常不同的。注意：（1）强调different时用very, much, quite, entirely, totally等词。（2）有时，美语口语中用than，英语口语中用to来代替from。going round the sun 为现在分词短语，作定语，表示一般的动作。例如：Men breaking the law will be punished.Men who break the law will be punished. 违法的人要受到处罚。现在分词短语作定语，也可以表示进行的动作。例如：Can you see the girl dancing with your boyfriend Can you see the girl who is dancing with her boyfriend 你能看见与男友跳舞的那个姑娘吗？4. It allowed the earth to dissolve harmful gases, which had become part of the earth’s atmosphere, into the oceans and seas. 它使地球把曾经存在于大气层中的有害气体溶解在海洋里。allow …to do 允许某人做某事。如：Her parents won’t allow her to stay out later than 11:00 in the evening. 她父母不允许她晚上在外逗留超过11点。Please allow me to explain that I did not have any idea about his arrangement. 请允许我解释，我事先不知道他的安排。但要注意：“准许做某事”应当是allow doing 不是allow to do。如：They shouldn’t allow parking in this street. It’s too narrow. 他们不应该允许在这条街上停车，街道太窄了。Walking on the grass is not allowed. 不许踩踏草坪。5. This encouraged the development of early shellfish and all sorts of fish. 这为早期贝类及其他各种鱼类的发育进一步创造了条件。encourage 鼓励；促进；怂恿Father encouraged him to study physics but he prefers maths.父亲鼓励他学物理，但他更喜欢数学。He encouraged me to learn dancing. 他鼓励我去学跳舞。名词后缀-ment加在动词之后表示：1)行为，例如：argument, betterment, development, treatment.2)结果，例如：arrangement, statement, settlement.3) 工具，例如：instrument, pavement.6. They produced young generally by laying eggs. 它们一般是通过孵蛋而繁衍后代的。by doing 用于说明做某事的手段，方式。如：I don’t think she can help him by just giving him money. 我认为她光靠给钱是帮不了他的。He used to make his living by painting. 他以前是靠画画为生。7.They are putting too much carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, which prevents heat from escaping from the earth into space.他们把过多的二氧化碳释放到大气层中，这使得地球上的热不能释放到太空中去。prevent …from doing 阻止某人做某事。如：His heart trouble did not prevent him (from) going to class the next day. 他的心脏病痛没能阻止他第二天去上课。Nothing can prevent their plans (from) being carried out. 什么也不能阻止他们的计划得以实施。8. Whether life will continue on the earth for millions of years to come will depend on whether this problem can be solved. 在未来的数百万年中，生命能否在地球上延续取决于这个问题能否得到解决。(sth) depend on (sth else): something might only happen or be true if the circumstances are right for it 取决于；决定于。如：“Will you go fishing this afternoon ” “Well, it all depends on the weather.” “你今天下午去钓鱼吗？” “得看天气。”for millions of years to come 中不定式to come作定语，与前面的名词之间有逻辑上的主谓关系，例如：She is the last person to do such a thing. 她是最不像做这种事的人。
【高考链接】主语从句一、由what（whatever，whoever）等代词引导的主语从句。What they are after is money. 他们追求的是金钱。Whatever was said here must be kept secret. 这里说的话都应当保密。二、由连词that引导的主语从句。其中that一般不可省略，但若用it作形式主语， that从句后置时，则可省略。为避免头重脚轻，我们倾向用it开头，后接be，seem等。如果句子是疑问形式，就只能用带it的结构。That money doesn't grow on trees should be obvious.金钱不能从树上长出来是显而易见的。It is obvious（that）money doesn't grow on trees .显而易见，金钱是不能从树上长出来的。Has it been announced when the planes are to take off？飞机什么时候起飞宣布了没有？注意：1）选用what还是用that引导主语从句要根据关联词在从句中是否担任成分而定。且what（以及whatever，whoever等）引导的主语从句一般不用it作形式主语。What he said is true.他说的是真的。（what在其引导的主语从句中作宾语。）That China is a great socialist country is well known.（=It’s well known that…）众所周知，中国是一个伟大的社会主义国家。（that在其引导的主语从句中不作任何成分，也无词义，只起连接作用。）2）it引导的强调句与it作形式主语的复合句不可混淆。it引导的强调句是用来对句中某一成分加以强调，其结构为：“It is（或was）+强调部分+that（或who）…”强调句去掉It is（或was）…that（或who）…框架后，剩余部分为一个完整的句子。It was I that(who) met Mary in the street yesterday.是我昨天在街上遇见了玛丽。(强调主语)3）常见的用it作形式主语的复合句结构：*It is+形容词（necessary，strange，important，wonderful，possible，likely，等）+that从句，从句中常用虚拟语气。It’s necessary that he write something in English.他用英语写点东西是必要的。It’s strange that she did not go to school yesterday.奇怪的是她昨天没去上学。*It is+名词（a fact，a pity ，no wonder，good news，等）+that从句It's a pity that she should have said so.真遗憾她竟然会这么说。*It is+过去分词（said，reported，decided，unknown等）+that从句Its said that our English teacher will go abroad next week.据说我们英语老师下周要去出国。*It +不及物动词（seems，appears，happens， matters等）+that从句It seems that she is in great need of help.看来她急帮忙。4）主语为从句时，一般要用单数谓语动词形式；但如果引导的从句作主语、代表复数概念（常可从表语上看出）时，谓语动词则常用复数形式：What we need is water. 我们需要的是水。What we need are useful books. 我们需要的是有用的书。三、由连接代词或连接副词（或if, whether）引导的主语从句。When they will come hasn't been made public.他们什么时候回来还没有宣布。Whether I’ll attend the meeting hasn’t been decided.=It hasn’t been decided whether(if) I’ll attend the meeting.我是否参加会议还未决定。【高考链接】1 ._____we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. (NMET 1996)A. If B.Whether C.That D.Where 2.______she couldn't understand was____fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons. （2000 上海）A .What；why B.That；what C.What；because D.Why；that 3._____ leaves the room last ought to turn off the light. (NEMT 1997)A.Anyone B.The person C.Whoever D.Who 4.These wild flowers are so special I would do____I can to save them（NEMT 2000 春）A.whatever B.that C.which D.whichever5. It is pretty well understood _____ controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out the atmosphere today. （2003上海）A. that B. when C. what D. how6.___we can’t get seems better than ____we have. （NMET 1995）A. What; what B. What; that C. That; that D. That; what7. _______ team wins on Saturday will go through to the national championships. (06 山东)A. No matter what B. No matter which C. Whatever D. Whichever8. ______ makes this shop different is that it offers more personal services. (06 辽宁)A. What B. Who C. Whatever D. Whoever9. After Yang Liwei succeeded in circling the earth, ______ our astronauts desire to do is to walk in space.（2004上海）A. where B. what C. that D. how10. ______ in the regulations that you should not tell other people the password of your e-mail account.（2005上海）A. What is required B. What requires C. It is required D. It requires【巩固练习】1．____studies hard will pass the exam.A. Whoever B. Any student C. Who D. Those who2.____the workers insisted on was that they ____more pay.A. That; must be given B. What; be given C. Whether; would be given D. What; should give3.____he will be sent to Hainan is certain.A. Why B. Whether C. That D. How4---You look so worried, what has happened ----It worries me ____I’ve hurt him.A. if B. which C .what D. whether5.____he said at the meeting astonished everybody present.A. What B. That C .The fact D. The matter6.Does ____ matter if he can’t finish the job on time A .this B. that C .he D. it7. ____breaks the law should be punished.A. Anyone B. Whoever C. He D. .Whatever8. ____I accept the gift or refuse it is none of your business.A. If B. Whether C. Even if D. When9. ____said that was wrong.A. Who B. Whoever C. Anybody D. Everybody10. _____ is unknown to us all.A. Where did he get it B. Where he got it C. That where he got D. Which he got it11.____has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising.A. Who B. The one C. Anyone D. Whoever12. It worried her a bit ____her shoes were worn out.A．while B. that C. if D. for13．I read about it in some book or other，does it matter____it was？A. Where B. what C. how D. which14．____ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international languageA. There B. This C. That D. It15．I found ____strange that she didn't show any interest in it.A . that B. what C. it D. which【汉译英】1. 澳大利亚出产羊毛。 2. 父亲把零钱放进钱包。3. 他们敏捷的行动阻止了火势蔓延。4. 你不能永远依赖你的双亲。5. 我们初次见面到如今已有好多年了。【答案及解析】 【高考链接】1. B 因谓语动词depends on，说明go camping这件事尚未确定。主语从句在句首时，不用if，故用whether。2. A 本句兼考查主语从句与表语从句。3. C 此题中有两个不是并列的动词谓语，而Anyone和The person不是连接代词，也不是关系代词，所以先排除A和B；又whoever=the person who,故选C.4. A 本句考查“do what one can（do）”这一句型。用whatever代what语气更强。5. C what引导主语从句，在从句中做主语，it是形式主语；that引导主语从句时，只起引导作用，不作任何成分。6. A 主语从句we can’t get后缺宾语，故需用what；而than后分句也缺宾语，仍需用what。7. D 根据句子结构可知本题考查名词性从句用法，故A、B项排除；whatever与whichever的不同之处在于前者没有范围而后者有范围，而本句中所表达的是在本周六参加比赛的获胜队，是有范围的，故D项正确。8 A what引导主语从句，在主语从句中作主语。表语从句部分是说明该商店与众不同的具体内容，并未指人，因此排除B、D两项；whatever：anything that … 意为“……的任何事物”，不合句意，故排除。9. B 根据题干中的…to do is…可知主语从句中缺少主语，而选项中能作主语从句主语的只有what。10. C 此句中it作形式主语，代替后面的that从句，而且that从句内容与require构成被动关系，故C项正确。【巩固练习】1.A 2B. 3C 4D 5A 6D 7B 8 B 9 B 10B 11D 12B 13D 14D 15C【汉译英】1. Australia produces wool.2. The father put the small change into the wallet. 3. Their prompt actions prevented the fire from spreading. 4. You can’t depend on your parents forever. 5. Many years have gone by since we first met.
- 10 -Unit 2 Healthy eating
教材分析和教材重组
教材分析 本单元的中心话题是“健康饮食”。本单元将通过谈论健康饮食，让学生了解饮食与健康方面的有关知识并且能根据所学知识审视自己、审视食物，提高自己饮食方面的意识。日常生活中少吃汉堡、薯条等高热量低营养食品，多吃水果、蔬菜和谷物，远离肥胖和亚健康状态。1. Warming Up 部分通过一个表格向学生展示了fast energy foods，slow energy foods，body-building foods，foods that give fibre for digestion and health，探讨各种食物对人体的作用，然后通过询问学生的个人饮食习惯来引导学生关注平衡饮食。2. Pre-reading部分让学生讨论Which food contains more sugar/ fat/ fibre/ salt…？然后通过对含量不同的食物的排序，使学生进一步了解哪些食品含糖/脂肪/纤维/蛋白质最多，哪些食品最少。3. Reading 部分主要讲述王鹏伟和咏慧开饭店的不同风格，经营的菜肴以及顾客对不同食品的不同反响，反映了现代人对饮食的关注和时尚追求。文章结尾一句话The competition between the two restaurants was on!给读者留下了悬念, 引起学生极大兴趣,使学生有继续阅读的欲望。4. Comprehending分为两部分。第一部分通过True or False的练习，使学生对文章有一个浅层次的理解。第二部分通过完成四个句子使学生了解到王鹏伟和咏慧两个饭店各自的优势和劣势。5. Learning about Language 中的Discovering useful words and expressions主要让学生通过上下文在语篇中学习词汇，在语境中感悟其用法，并且让学生了解一些构词法，如-en加在形容词后，词性多为动词，-ive为形容词后缀，-ness，-ment为名词后缀等。Discovering useful structures让学生在文章中找出含有情态动词的句子并标出其功能，使学生不仅复习了情态动词的用法，更主要的是通过他们亲自动手、动脑、动笔，锻炼学生的鉴别能力和自主学习能力，克服了那些单纯学习英语结构的弊病。6. Using Language分为两三部分。听的部分是主体阅读文章内容的继续，主要讲述鹏伟到图书馆查寻资料，发现他和咏慧的饭店提供的食物都存在片面性，从中学到许多有关健康食品的知识。通过听，学生了解到哪些是能量食品（energy-giving foods），哪些是健身食品（body-building foods），哪些是保健食品（protective foods），还有两家餐馆所提供食物的营养和作用。读的部分继续讲述故事，经过一段磨合，鹏伟和咏慧将菜单合并，决定合作，提出为顾客提供既有能量又有纤维的食品。富有戏剧性的是, 最后两人结婚，共同经营这家饭店。整个故事不仅让学生在阅读中感受到故事的趣味性，还教会了他们如何改变饮食习惯，改善饮食结构，丰富饮食文化。说和写部分结合生活实际，让学生两人一组研究中餐并设计食谱，使学生将书本所学的知识运用到实际生活中，锻炼其口语和书面表达能力。
教材重组 1. 将Warming Up，Pre-reading，Reading与Comprehending整合在一起上一节“阅读课”。2. 将Learning about Language和Workbook的using words and expressions及using structures整合在一起上一节“语言学习课”。3. 将Using Language设计为一节包括听说读写在内的“综合技能课（一）”。4. 将Workbook的READING AND LISTENING和TALKING结合在一起上一节“听说课”。5. 将Workbook的LISTENING TASK，READING AND WRITING TASK和SPEAKING TASK设计为一节“综合技能课（二）”。
课时分配 1st Period Reading2nd Period Language study3rd Period Integrating skills(Ⅰ)4th Period Listening and Speaking5th Period Integrating skills(Ⅱ)
Part 1: Teaching Design
（第一部分：教学设计）
Period 1: A sample lesson plan for reading
(COME AND EAT HERE <1>)
Aims
To develop the students’ reading ability
To learn something about healthy eating
Procedures
I. Warming up
Warming up by learning vocabulary
Hello, everyone. We shall read about healthy eating today. Everybody has to eat, but do you eat a healthy diet Turn to page 97 and familiarize yourself with the words and expressions used in this unit. Try to make up a story based on the vocabulary, either in English or in Chinese.
Warming up by sharing opinions
If you eat out a lot, find ways to follow your meal plan as much as possible. Pick a restaurant with a variety of choices to increase your chances of finding the foods you want.
When you eat out, order only what you need and want, know how to make changes in your meal plan in case the restaurant doesn't have just what you want.
Variety, Balance, and Moderation多样性，平衡性，和节制性There is no secret to healthy eating. Be sure to eat a variety of foods, including plenty of vegetables, fruits, and whole grain products. Also include low-fat dairy products, lean meats, poultry, fish, and legumes. Drink lots of water and go easy on the salt, sugar, alcohol, and saturated fat. Good nutrition should be part of an overall healthy lifestyle, that also includes regular physical activity, not smoking, and stress management. If you drink alcoholic beverages, do so in moderation.
II. Pre-reading
1. Questioning and answering
Rice is main food in South China. What do you think would happen if tomorrow there was suddenly no rice to eat
For reference: Then people in the south would have to change their eating habit. They could turn to potatoes, wheat flour, cow and sheep cheese, cabbage, onions and garlic for food. They are the bases of the traditional food in North China.
If you had the chance to do one thing to help end hunger in the world, what would you do
For reference: I would try to end hunger by popularizing the advanced farmingtechniques. Modern techniques could be introduced to increase the rice output, and expand the area of fields.
2. Looking and listening
Look at the sign of a restaurant. It reads:
We Make It Easy! Accommodating up to 80 guests Sit down meals with a choice of three entrees Buffets available for parties of 38 or more Intimate appetizer receptions Banquets are menu price plus tax & tip No room charge for meal functions No advanced deposit required Elegant set-up, complete with table linens and fresh-cut flowers Service staff dedicated to your party
Do you want to eat here at this restaurant Let’s go!
III. Reading
1. Reading aloud to the recording
Comprehension—understanding what you are reading—is important. To read in thought groups(意群) is an easy, yet effective, way of improving reading comprehension. Now turn to page 9 and read aloud to the recording of the text COME AND EAT HERE. Pay attention to the thought groups in the sentences while listening and reading aloud.
Reading and underlining
Read the text again and try to underline all the collocations in the passage. You are going to copy them into your notebook after class as homework.
Collocations from COME AND EAT HERE (1)sit in an empty restaurant坐在空荡荡的餐馆里, feel frustrated感到沮丧, get up early早起, prepare one’s menu of mutton kebabs/roast pork准备（烤羊肉串/烤猪肉）菜肴, by lunchtime到午饭时间, ought to应该，be full of充满……，think of…想到……, cook…in the hottest oil用热油烹调, fried rice炒米饭, taste of fat吃起来油腻, hurry by匆匆走过, eat with sb.与某人吃饭, follow … into…跟随进入, a newly-opened small restaurant一个新开张的餐馆, at the end of the street在街道的尽头, a sign in the window窗子上的一个标牌, be tired of对……厌倦、厌烦, come inside to…走进去, serve slimming food提供苗条食品, make…thin使……变瘦, drive…inside驱使……进入 , a thin lady一位很瘦的女士 come forward向前, take…off…减掉, raw vegetables生菜, be amazed at…对……感到吃惊, cost more than…比……花费多, believe one’s eyes相信自己的眼睛, throw away扔掉；丢弃 hurry outside赶紧出去, on one’s way home在某人回家的路上, be on上演，进行，think about…考虑……, make…fat使……肥胖, find out找到；发现, get away with被放过；（做坏事）不受惩罚, tell lies/a lie说谎, do some research做研究, energy-giving food提供能量的食物, become/be tired变累, win… back赢回, feel fit感到健康
3. Understanding difficult sentences
In groups of four, analyze the structure of the difficult sentences. If you have any problems which are too difficult for you to solve do not hesitate to put them to me.
4. Reading and transferring
In pairs, read the text, find information to complete the following form.
Facts about Yong Hui’s restaurant Facts about Wang Pengwei’s restaurant
location location
menu menu
measures measures
IV. Closing down
Closing down by doing exercises
In the last five minutes let’s do the comprehension exercises on page 11. Check your answers against your neighbour’s when you have finished.
Closing down by having a dictation
To end the period you will take a dictation. It is about how to order in a restaurant.
Additional Materials
Complete the summary of the story with one word in each blank.Wang Pengwei felt 1____ in an empty restaurant because no eaters have came to his restaurant 2_____ since he got up early in the morning. He wanted to find out why. He hurried out and 3____ Maochang into a newly-opened restaurant. He found that the owner 4____ Yong Hui was serving slimming foods to make people thin. Driven by 5_____, Wang Pengwei came 6____ to take a close look at the menu. He could not even 7_____ his eyes. He was 8_____ at what he saw. He hurried outside and got 9_____ to do some 10_____. After a lot of reading, he 11_____ that Yong Hui’s food made people become 12_____ quickly because it was no 13_____ food. Arriving home Wang Pengwei rewrote his own sign. To his joy, people began coming to his restaurant again. He was able to 14_____ his living now. He looked 15____ to being rich and he wouldn’t be in 16_____ any longer. Then all of a sudden Yong Hui walked in with anger. Wang Pengwei asked her to try a meal of his. Although enjoying the dumplings served there, Yong Hui looked ill and felt sick with the fatty pork and all those heavy food. They 17_____ about offering a 18 _____ diet and providing a balanced menu to cut down the fat and increase the 19_____ in the meal. They learned from each other. In the end they decided to turn the two restaurants into a big one. They got 20_____ and lived happily ever after! （Key：1.frustrated 2.ever 3.followed 4.named 5.curiosity 6.forward 7.believe 8.amazed 9.online 10.research 11.realized 12.tired 13.energy-giving 14.earn 15.forward 16.debt 17.chatted 18.balanced 19.fibre 20.married ）
Comprehension questions1. Why did Wang Pengwei go to Yong Hui’s restaurant He wanted to___.A. know where his customers had gone B. spy on the slim lady Yong HuiC. have lunch with Li Maochang D. have something special2. Wang Pengwei found the following EXCEPT ___ in Yong Hui’s restaurant.A. There were only raw vegetables, meat and water. B. There were a lot of customers.C. The prices here were higher. D. The only drink here is water.3. What’s wrong with Yong Hui’s menu The following statements are right EXCEPT ___.A. The food here was too limited. B. It didn’t give enough energy-giving food. C. The food on the menu was more delicious. D. It offered slimming food only.4. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage A. Wang Pengwei’s customers often became fat after eating in his restaurant.B. Wang Pengwei provided a balanced diet.C. Yong Hui could make people thin in 2 weeks by giving them a good diet.D. Wang Pengwei’s menu gave people food containing enough fibre.（Key：1.A 2.A 3. C 4.A）
Notes to some difficult sentences1. Wang Pengwei sat in his empty restaurant feeling very frustrated. (Reading)这里的feeling是-ing用做伴随状语。王鹏伟坐在他那空荡荡的餐馆里，感到十分沮丧。Mary stood at the school gate waiting for Betty.2. Nothing could have been better. (Reading) 再好不过了。此句子相当于All his foods could have been the best. “not／no／never ／nothing ＋比较级”句型常用来表示“没有……比……更……”，即：比较级表达最高级概念。例如：
There is nothing more interesting than the film I have ever seen in the past years．
在近几年我所看的电 影中没有比这部更有意思的了。下面介绍2种带有否定词的比较句型:
1) no better than：表示“和……一样；实际等于……”，如：
He is no better than a beggar. 他实际上等于一个乞丐。
The invalid is no better than he was yesterday. 病人的情况和昨天一样。
He has no better a say in the matter than I have. 他和我一样在这件事上没有发言权。
2) not. . . any more than或no more. . . than：表示“同……一样不”，如：
I could no more do that than you. I could not do that any more than you. 你不能做这件事，我也不能做。
He is not a poet any more than I am a scholar. 我不是一个学者，他也不是一个诗人。
This story is no more interesting than that one. 这个故事和那个故事一样没有趣味。
He is no more able to read German than I am. 他和我一样都不懂德语。3. He couldn’t have Yong Hui getting away with telling people lies! (Reading)have sb doing1)have有三种宾语补足语的形式。have sb. do sth.（have＝let）have sb. doing sth. have =keep/employ（雇用）have sb. done使某人做某事；遭遇（不幸）I’ ll have him go with me.我将让他和我一块去。I’ll have him working in my company.我将雇用他在我的公司里工作。I’ll have my hair cut tomorrow.2)get away with doing sth: not be published for sth不因某事而受罚get away with sth: steal sth and escape with it or receive(a relatively light)to“偷携某物潜逃”或“受到（较轻的处罚）”I won’t have you getting away with cheating in the exam.He robbed the bank and got away with a lot of money.He was so lucky to get away with a fine for such a serious mistake.4. I thought you were a new customer and now I find you came only to spy on me and my menu. (Reading)only to do 常表示“出乎意料之外的结果”。I got to the shop only to find that the door was closed.5. I do have to rest a lot. (Reading)本句借助动词do来强调谓语动词have。I do love sports.I did come here yesterday. 6．Pengwei followed Li Maochang into a newly-opened small restaurant at the end of the street. (Reading)newly-opened是一个“副词+过去分词”构成复合形容词。复合形容词的构成有：
（1）形容词 + 名词 + ed
kind-hearted好心的，white-haired白发的
(2)形容词 + 形容词
red-hot炽热的，dark-blue深蓝的
（3）形容词 + 现在分词
good-looking好看的，easy-going随和的
（4）副词 + 现在分词
hard-working勤劳的，fast-moving快速转动的
（5）副词 + 过去分词
hard-won得来不易的，newly-made新建的
（6）名词 + 形容词
life-long终生的，world-famous世界闻名的
（7）名词 + 现在分词
peace-loving爱好和平的，fun-loving爱开玩笑的
（8）名词 + 过去分词
snow-covered白雪覆盖的，hand-made手工的
（9）数词 + 名词 + ed
four-storeyed 4层楼的，three-legged 3条腿的
（10）数词 + 名词（名词用单数）
ten-year 10年的,two-man两人的
7. If I had the chance to say one thing to healthy kids, it would be this: Just having a disability doesn’t mean your life is not satisfying. (Reading)If I had…, it would be…是虚拟语气在if引导的虚拟条件句中的用法。本句与现在的事实相反，从句的谓语动词用过去式；主句 的谓语动词用would/could/might/should +动词原形。If I had time, I would attend your party.
If I were you, I should accept the invitation.8. His restaurant ought to be full of people. (Reading)ought to与should意思接近，大多数情况下二者可以互换，但是should谈的是自己的主观看法，ought to则更多反映客观情况，在谈到法律、义务和规定时使用。如：
We should／ought to help each other and learn from each other in our work．
She is your mother, so you ought to support her．
We ought to go and see Mary tomorrow, but I don’t think we will．9. Tired of all that fat (Reading) (be) tired of厌倦,厌烦I’m tired of watching; let’s go out for a walk.tire out使疲劳不堪; be tired out筋疲力尽The children have really tired me out.I’m tired out; I think I’ll go to bed.10. The competition between the two restaurants was on! (Reading)be on “表示(事情)正在或将要发生”。There’s a new film on at the cinema.11. I don’t want them to remind me of her. (Reading)remind表示“使想起”，常常跟of连用。What he had done reminded me of the days when I was in the army.
他所做的一切使我想起了我在部队的那些日子。
Thanks for your gift—it will always remind me of you.
非常感谢你的礼物——它会使我经常想起你。
【高考链接】常考动词十五类动词是英语中最活跃的词类，是句子的核心成分。一、连系动词类1．变化类表事物发展变化的过程，如become, go, turn, grow, get, fall等。2．感觉类表人体部位的感受，如feel, smell, taste, look, sound appear, seem, look等。3．状态类表事物所处的状态，如keep, come, run, remain, stand, lie, stay, prove等。连系动词的作用是后接形容词或相当于形容词的结构作表语。除了少数几个（如feel, get, become, grow等）外，不用于进行时态和被动结构。例如：The mixture is tasted terrible.（误）The mixture tastes terrible（正）二、感官动词类常考的感官动词有see, watch, notice, observe, hear, feel, find, catch等。感官动词的主要作用是后接非谓语动词的不同形式作宾语补足语，表达不同的含义。1．后接不带to的不定式表示一个发生过或者还没发生具体的动作。I often heard the song sung, but I have never heard you sing it.When you go to watch the football watch, you will enjoy seeing the Chinese football team win.2．后接V-ing形式表伴随的动作。Seeing the sun rising above the surface of the sea, we let out a shout of joy.Hearing this, I felt my heart beating fast.3．后接V-ed形式表被动意义。After his return twenty years later, he found his home town greatly changed.Although I had learnt some English, I had never heard a word of it spoken.三、使役动词类表“致使”意义的动词称之为使役动词，如make, let, have, keep, leave, set, send等。使役动词的作用是后接非谓语动词的不同形式作宾语补足语，表达不同的含义。分以下三种情况：1. make, let have等后接不带to的不定式，表“使／让某人／某物做某事”。Don't make him do it if he doesn't want to.If you have any problems, just let me know.在被动结构中不定式须带to，但是have不用于被动结构中。He was made to apologize to the guest.2. have, keep, leave, send, set, get等后接V-ing形式，表持续性动作。I'm sorry to keep you waiting for so long.Why do you have him worrying about his lessons 3. have, keep, leave等后接V-ed形式，表被动含义。He didn't keep on asking me the time until he had had his watch repaired.I'll keep you informed as soon as I have the news.四、含情感色彩的动词这类动词有excite, inspire, encourage, interest, satisfy, delight, please, move, frighten, surprise, amaze, astonish, shock, worry, astonish, disappoint, discourage, exhaust, puzzle, tire, terrify等。情感动词后接指人的名词或代词作宾语，有V-ing和V-ed两种形式，在句中作宾语和表语，V-ed形式指人，V-ing形式则指事物。The story was so moving that everyone present was moved to tears.What disappointing result!We were all disappointed with it.Climbing a hill was tiring and we were tired when we reached the summit.五、后接不定式动词类afford, agree, choose, determine, expect, decide, learn, offer, mange, hope, want, wish, promise, refuse, fail, pretend, happen等动词，后跟不定式作宾语。Thank you for offering to help, but I can manage myself.He learned to ride a bicycle when he was a small boy.六、后接V-ing形式动词类该类动词常考的有appreciate, avoid, bear, consider, dislike, delay, enjoy, escape, finish, hate, imagine, keep， mind, miss, practise, postpone, resist, risk, stand, suggest 等。这些动词须接V-ing形式作宾语。例如；I don't mind waiting, but I've got to stand in the cold wind.Have you considered making some necessary changes to your plan Only by practising speaking English every day can you expect to improve your spoken English.七、后接不定式与V-ing形式意义不同动词类remember, try, regret, mean, forget, stop, go on, can't help等后接不定式与V-ing形式作宾语，表达含义不同。见下表：动词接动名词作宾语接不定式作宾语Remember 过去发生的动作 将来的动作try 尝试做某事 努力做某事regret 对做过的事表示后悔 对要做的事表示遗憾mean 意味着做某事 企图（打算）做某事can't help 禁不住做某事 不能帮助做某事go on 继续做未完成的事情 做完一件事后，接着做另一件事forget 忘记以前曾做过某事 忘记做某事stop 中断正在做的事情 中断正在做的事去做别的事例如：I remember being pad, but I've forgotten the exact amount.Please remember to send me a photo of your son the next time you write to me.I don't really mean to work here, which means leaving the job soon afterwards.八、进行时态表将来意义动词类这类动词一般为表位置移动或方向性动词，如go, come, start, arrive, take, leave, move等。例如：When are going off to for Shanghai Mary as well as her parents is leaving for California next month.九、主动表被动动词类英语中有些动词可用其主动形式表达被动含义，可分为以下三种情况：1．某些实义动词的主动形式后跟副词表示被动意义，这类动词有sell, wash, write, last, read, wear等。这种“动词＋副词”结构，常表示事物内部特有的属性。This kind of cloth washes well and lasts long.The pen my father gave me as a birthday gift writes smoothly.Written in simple English, this article reads easily.2．某些及物动词转为不及物动词后，其主动形式表示被动意义，如open（打开，营业），close（关门），shut（关闭），cut（切割），weigh(重), act（上演）等。The door won't shut.This shop opens much earlier than it used to.Each stone weighs 2 tons.3．某些不及物动词，如happen, occur, cost以及短语，如come out（出版），come up（出现），come into being（产生）come to one's mind想起），turn out（证明是），come about（发生），break out(爆发），belong to (属于）等，本身表被动含义，所以它们常用主动形式。The first textbooks written for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 18th century.Suddenly an idea came to his mind.It never occurred to me to phone you.十、虚拟语气动词类insist, order, command, suggest, advise, propose, ask, require, request, demand等后接引导的宾语从句时，谓语动词须用“(should)＋动词原形”。The guard at the gate insisted that everyone should obey the rules.The rule requires that everyone, young or old, man or women, have his car checked once a year.十一、省略替代类believe, think, suppose, guess, hope, expect, imagine, would like/ love, be afraid等动词用于简略回答中，后接so来替代肯定分句，用not来替代否定分句。或接to来替代前面内容相同的不定式，表示看法、意见、设想、打算等。例如：—Do you think Norman would have lent me his car I had asked him to —Yes, I ,think so.—Will you be able to come to my birthday party —I'd love to, but I'm too busy.注意：believe, think, suppose, guess等用于否定回答时，既可以说I believe (think, suppose guess) not，也可以说I don't believe (think, suppose guess) so，但用hope, expect, be afraid作否定回答时，只能说I hope (expect) not以及I'm afraid not 十二、否定转移类think, believe, guess, suppose, imagine, expect等动词后接that引导的宾语从句时，从句若为否定结构，常将否定词not前移到主句中。I don't think it is possible to learn a foreign language well without much memory work.He doesn't think Tom will make an excellent player.当该结构的主句主语为第一人称时，变为反意疑问句，后半句的主语和谓语简略形式应与从句保持一致，否则与主句保持一致。例如：I don't think there is anything else I need, is there He doesn't believe he will be able to solve the problems by herself, does he 十三、带介词to的动词短语类这类短语有be (get) used to, lead to, devote…to, look forward to, stick to, object to, get down to, there is no end to等。当它们后面出现动词时，要用V-ing形式。例如：I've got used to driving in all kinds of weather.As soon as she returned home from abroad, she got down to preparing supper for children.注意区分介词to与不定式符号to He used to drive on the right and now he is used to driving on the left. (used to表“过去常常”,to为不定式符号，be used to 表“习惯于”,to为介词）I'm looking forward to seeing you soon.（look forward to意思是“盼望，期待”，to为介词。）He looked forward to see what was happening. (look forward意为“向前看”，to see是不定式作目的状语。）十四、瞬间（非延续性动词）类这类动词常考的有go, come, leave, start, return, begin, arrive, stop, finish, borrow, lend, open, close, die, become, break, join, marry, employ, graduate等。瞬间（非延续性动词）表短暂性的动作，因此不可与表“段时间”的for/ since短语或since从句连用。例如：He has come here for three years.（误）He has been here for three years.（正）It is three years since he came here.（正）十五、计划未能实现类intend, mean, hope, wish, plan, expect, think, want, suppose等动词用于过去时态，可表示过去未能实现的愿望、想法、打算等。1．该类动词用于过去完成时后接不定式或宾语从句。I had never thought you would bring me such a nice gift.I had panned to call on you, but I was too busy to get away.2．该类动词用于一般过去时后接不定式的完成式或一般式。I'd like to have arrived on time, but I was caught on the traffic jam.【高考链接】1. Tom, you ________ leave all your clothes on the floor like this! (2005全国I)
A. wouldn’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. may not2．—Lucy doesn’t mind lending you her dictionary.
— She _______ . I’ve already borrowed one.（2005湖南）
A. can’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. shouldn’t3. —Excuse me. Is this the right way to the Summer Palace ( 2004湖北) —Sorry, I am not sure . But it be.A．might B．will C．must D．can 4. — Isn' t that Ann's husband over there — No, it _______ be him —I'm sure he doesn't wear glasses. (2004 全国I)A. can't B. must not C. won't D. may not5. —The woman biologist stayed in Africa studying wild animals for 13 years before she returned.
—Oh, dear! She ________ a lot of difficulties!（2005江苏）
A. may go through B. might go throughC. ought to have gone through D. must have gone through6. —I’ll tell Mary about her new job tomorrow. —You________ her last week. (2004福建)A．ought to tell B．would have told C．must tell D．should have told7. —I don't mind telling you what I know. —You . I'm not asking you for it. （2004江苏）
A. mustn't B. may not C. can't D. needn’t8. —Catherine, I have cleaned the room for you.
—Thanks. You ______ it. I could manage it myself.（2005福建）A. needn’t do B. needn’t have done C. mustn’t do D. shouldn’t have done9．Mr. Smith, ____of the ____speech, started to read a novel. ( 2003 35 北京春招)A. tired; boring B. tiring; bored C. tired; bored D. tiring; boring10.The news reporters hurried to the airport，only ________the film stars had left． (2004福建)
A．to tell B．to be told C．telling D．told 11．— Shall I give you a ride as you live so far away
—Thank you. ________.（2005江西）
A. It couldn’t be better B. Of course you can C. If you like D. It’s up to you12. A left-luggage office is a place where bags______ be left for a short time, especially at a railway station. （NMET 2003）A. should B. can C. must D. will13. —Is John coming by train — He should, but he_____ not. He likes driving his car. (NMET 2002)A. must B. can C. need D. may14. I was really anxious about you. You_____ home without a word. (NMET 2001)A. mustn’t leave B. shouldn’t have left C. couldn’t have left D. needn’t leave15. —Are you coming to Jeff’s party —I’m not sure. I______ go to the concert instead. (NMET 2000)A. must B. would C. should D. might【巩固练习】1． There was plenty of time． She______．A． mustn't have hurried B． couldn't have hurried C．must not hurry D．needn't have hurried 2. The train has gone .You two ____ on time.
A. should come B. must have come C. ought to have come D. shouldn’t have come
3. You ____ your radio. I’ve brought one.
A. mustn’t have brought B. needn’t have brought C. mustn’t bring D. needn’t to bring
4. You ought ___ to stay here.
A. to allow B. to be allowed C. be allowed D. allow
5. He ____ have come here yesterday, but he didn’t.
A. could B. should C. ought to D. A or B or C 6. —Could I borrow your dictionary
—Yes, of course you ____ . A. might B. could C. should D. can 7. I wasn’t sure whether I ___ offer to help or not.
A. should B. might C. would D. can 8. The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone ______get out．A． had to B． would C． could D． was able to9. There was plenty of time． She ___．A． mustn't have hurried B．couldn't have hurried C． must not hurry D． needn't have hurried 10. I wonder how he _____ that to the teacher.
A. dare to say B. dared say C. not dare say D. dare say 【汉译英】1．不要让机器整天工作。2．他抢劫了银行并且偷携巨款潜逃了。3. 最好的保健方式之一是形成健康的饮食习惯。4. 我厌倦了吃这种食物。5. 10分钟以前你就应该到这儿的。【答案及解析】【高考链接】1. B mustn't表示“禁止，一定不能”,是长辈对晚辈的命令。2. C needn’t表示“不必”。3. A 答语部分中的“I’m not sure”暗示了说话者的语气不肯定。4. A 对现在事情的全否定判断。从I'm sure he doesn't wear glasses.可知，空白处表达的是“那一定不是他”，而must not意思是“禁止，一定不能”。5．D must have done表示对已经发生的事情进行的肯定的推论。6．D should have done既表示本该做而事实上没有做的事，这里表示责备。7．D needn’t表示“不必”。 8．B need have done用于否定句,表示“本不必要……的”。 9. A 此题测试现在分词和过去分词作定语的用法。表心理反应的动词，如interest, amaze, inspire, confuse, excite，move，interest，fright， disappoint，puzzle等，用现在分词作定语，表示“令人……”，被修饰的词通常是物；用过去分词作定语，表示“感到……的”被修饰的词通常是人。但注意：puzzling expression 表示“令人迷惑的表情”， puzzled expression 表示“（本身）感到迷惑的表情”。10. B only to do 常表示“出乎意料之外的结果”。根据句子的意思，记者们赶到机场时发现意外的结果。因此，排除C、D；根据与句子的关系，不是记者告诉他人，而是人家告诉记者，故答案选B。11. A 答语意思是“再好不过了”。“not／no／never ／nothing ＋比较级”句型常用来表示“没有……比……更”，即：比较级表达最高级概念。12. B 题意为：“行礼暂存处是能够暂时存放行李的地方，尤其是在火车站。” 此处用can 表示可以、能够，故答案为B.13. D 先确定问句为将来时态，这是至关重要的。因为答语是就一将来动作做出判断的。D项和not 连用译为“不可能，不一定”，正好与后面的句子相吻合。14. B 表示过去本不应该做某事而做了某事。15. D 在这四个情态动词当中，只有might表示可能性，且可能性表较小。【巩固练习】1. D needn’t have＋过去分词表示过去没有必要做某事, 但实际上做了某事。本题的前一句暗示了一个条件，后一句则是由这个条件得出的结论。2. C ought to have come 是对过去的批评,肯定形式,否定意思,说明你们俩没赶上火车是因为来晚了。这里的ought to 与 should意思相同,可互相替代。
3. B needn’t have brought 表示过去没有必要做的事,实际做了,但没有带来负作用。根据是 I have brought one 。
4. B ought to 是情态动词,应接原形动词,但由于allow一词与逻辑主语You成被动关系,故用 be allowed，这称为含有情态动词的被动语态。5. D could have come表示过去有能力做到的事,由于一些原因没做成； should have come是对过去动作的批评,是婉转的批评,留有余地的批评,虽然是肯定形式, 却有否定意思; ought to 等同should ,用法同选项B。故三项在语法和意思上全成立。 6. D问句中的could 并非是过去式,而是表示委婉,客气的礼貌用语,但回答不能说yes ,you could 。正确的答语有两种：Yes, you can 或Yes, you may7. B might offer 是对将来的推测。must表示可能性最大,但也不是百分之百,may可能性小, might可能性最小。这里用might的根据是I wasn’t sure 和whether。其他各项均无此用法。
8. D本题题意为“大火很快蔓延了整个旅馆，但全体人员都脱离了危险。” 故本题选D。情态动词表示能力时，一般用can／could或be able to。be able to用于表示能力并且可用于各种时态，而can只有一般现在时和一般过去时两种时态。此外，当表示过去成功地做成了某事时，只能用was ／ were able to。9. D本题的前一句暗示了一个条件，后一句则是由这个条件得出的结论。10. D dare一词既可以作情态动词,也可以作实义动词。作情态动词,后接原形动词,作实义动词,后接带 to的不定式。dared say应发生在wonder之前,这就否定了A 和B项。全句的含义是"我不知道他怎么敢跟老师说那话。" 【汉译英】1. Don’t have the machine working all day.2. He robbed the bank and got away with a lot of money.3. One of the best ways for people to keep fit is to develop healthy eating habits. 4. I’m tired of having this kind of food.5. You ought to have come here ten minutes ago.Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the stars
Part 2: Teaching Resources
(第二部分：教学资源)
Section 1: A text structure analysis of HOW LIFE BEGAN ON THE EARTH
1. Type of writing and summary of the text
Type of writing This is a descriptive writing.
Main idea of the passage The earth came into being after the “Big Bang”. Then small plants came growing in the water, followed by green plants appearing on land. In the end appeared small clever animals.
Topic sentence of 1st paragraph After the “Big Bang”, the earth was just a cloud of energetic dust.
Topic sentence of 2nd paragraph The earth was different because of the arrival of small plants growing in the water.
Topic sentence of 3rd paragraph Many millions of years later the first green plants began to appear on land.
Topic sentence of 4th paragraph Small clever animals appeared and spread all over the earth.
2. A tree diagram
Section 2: Background information for Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the stars
1. THE PLANETS 行星
Although we live in a very small piece of the Universe, it's still where we call home and it's a very interesting place. The nine planets that make up our solar system range from very tiny rocky planets to huge gas giants featuring fascinating ring systems.
Mercury 水星
Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun. Its surface has many thousands of impact craters as a result of being bombarded by objects since the solar system's early days. Since Mercury has no protective atmosphere, the temperature on the surface ranges from extremely hot on the side facing the Sun to extremely cold on the side that faces away from the Sun.
Venus 金星（太白星）
Venus is named after the Roman goddess of love and beauty. This is one of those cases where beauty is only skin deep, though, as the surface of Venus is a very unpleasant place featuring very high temperatures, winds that blow hundreds of miles per hour and an atmosphere of sulfuric acid. Venus is an example of runaway greenhouse effect on a planetary scale.
Earth 地球
People always say there's no place like home. Our home planet is a very beautiful place with the most varied surface in the entire solar system. From a distance, our planet looks like a beautiful big blue marble.
Mars 火星
The Red Planet is named after the Roman god of war. It's distinctive rust color is easily seen through a small telescope. The surface of Mars features many mountains, canyons and even polar ice caps that look a lot like those here on Earth. In ancient times, Mars may have harbored some kind of life, and there is a lot of research going on now trying to get a definitive answer as to whether we are the only life forms in the solar system.
Jupiter 木星
Jupiter is the largest planet in our solar system. It has at least sixty-one moons and features the Great Red Spot, which is a huge "storm" that has been observed from here on Earth for over three hundred years.
Saturn 土星
Saturn is one of the most beautiful planets in the solar system. It's fascinating system of rings have been a source of wonder since we first saw them with the earliest telescopes. Although the rings look fairly simple through a small telescope, spacecraft pictures have revealed that what looks like two rings through a telescope is actually hundreds of individual ring systems. In addition, Saturn has so many moons that it is like a miniature solar system.
Uranus天王星
Uranus is one of the giant gas planets in the solar system. Its mysterious blue-green color provides very few clues as to what is going on underneath the surface clouds. Uranus also has a very faint ring system that we didn't know existed until the planet was visited by the Voyager spacecraft.
Neptune 海王星
Neptune was the last stop the Voyager mission made before if left our solar system. What we found out from Voyager was that Neptune has winds that blow hundreds of miles per hour and a moon that features "geysers" of nitrogen that erupt and leave dark marks on the surface.
Pluto 冥王星
Pluto is the smallest and most mysterious planet in our solar system. Pluto is so far away that the Sun is just a dim point of light that looks a lot like any other star. Pluto has one moon, Charon, that is almost as big as the planet itself.
2. The Big Bang Theory 大爆炸理论
The Big Bang Theory is the dominant scientific theory about the origin of the universe. According to the big bang, the universe was created sometime between 10 billion and 20 billion years ago from a cosmic explosion that hurled matter and in all directions.
In 1927, the Belgian priest Georges Lemaire was the first to propose that the universe began with the explosion of a primeval atom. His proposal came after observing the red shift in distant nebulas by astronomers to a model of the universe based on relativity. Years later, Edwin Hubble found experimental evidence to help justify Lemaire's theory. He found that distant galaxies in every direction are going away from us with speeds proportional to their distance.
The big bang was initially suggested because it explains why distant galaxies are traveling away from us at great speeds. The theory also predicts the existence of cosmic background radiation (the glow left over from the explosion itself). The Big Bang Theory received its strongest confirmation when this radiation was discovered in 1964 by Arno Penzias and Robert Wilson, who later won the Nobel Prize for this discovery.
Although the Big Bang Theory is widely accepted, it probably will never be proved; consequentially, leaving a number of tough, unanswered questions.
After the “Big Bang”, the earth being just a cloud of energetic dust.
the arrival of small plants wing in the water
green plants beginning to appear on land
Small clever animals appearing and spreading all over the earth.
- 1 -Unit 5 Canada—“The True North”
Part 2: Teaching Resources
(第二部分：教学资源)
Section 1: A text structure analysis of Canada—“The True North”
1. Type of writing and summary of the idea
Type of writing This is a piece of narrative writing.
Main idea of the passage Li Daiyu and her cousin Liu Qian went on a trip to Canada, visiting their cousins and enjoying the beautiful scenery across the whole continent of Canada from west to east.
Main idea of 1st paragraph Li Daiyu and her cousin Liu Qian were on a trip to Canada.
Main idea of 2nd paragraph Having arrived in Vancouver, the most beautiful city in Canada, they were to be taken to catch “The True North”, the cross-Canada train.
Main idea of 3rd paragraph Settling down in their seats in the train, they enjoyed the wild scenery while crossing the Rockey Mountains to Calgary.
Main idea of 4th paragraph While arriving Thunder Bay, they learn more about Canada, its population, resource and etc.
Main idea of 5th paragraph The train rushed through the night towards Toronto while they were sleeping.
2. A box graph of A TRIP ON “THE TRUE NORTH”
→
Section 2: Background information for Unit 5 Canada—“The True North”
1. Information about Canada
a nation in northern North America; the French were the first Europeans to settle in mainland Canada; "the border between the United States and Canada is the longest unguarded border in the world"
Canada is the second largest country in the world in land area, and the northern-most, occupying much of the North American land mass. It is a decentralized federation of ten provinces and three territories, governed as a parliamentary constitutional monarchy. It was initially constituted through the British North America Act of 1867 and styled the "Dominion of Canada". The official languages of Canada are English and French.
2. Visiting Canada
Before coming to Canada
To visit Canada you:
must be healthy. You might need a doctor’s examination;
must respect Canadian laws;
will need a valid passport, proof of who you are or other travel documents;
will need a Temporary Resident Visa (TRV) if you are from one of these countries; and
may need a letter of invitation.
Canada does not pay for hospital or medical services for visitors. Make sure you have health insurance to pay your medical costs before you leave for Canada.
Once you arrive:
An officer will ask you a few short questions when you arrive. To make this go quickly, keep your passport with you and not in your luggage.
The officer will stamp your passport or advise you how long you may stay in Canada. Feel free to ask questions if you are unsure about anything.
After you arrive, you may want to change the conditions of your visit. This is possible in special cases. You must do this before your status as a temporary resident expires. Apply to extend your stay or visit three weeks before your visa expires.
towards Toronto
arrive in Thunder Bay
cross the Rockey Mountain
catch “The True North” train.
on a trip to Canada.
- 1 -Unit 3 The Million Pound Bank-Note
Part 2: Teaching Resources
(第二部分：教学资源)
Section 1: A text structure analysis of SCENES 3, ACT ONE of 1000000 BANK NOTE
1．Type of writing and summary of the idea
Type of writing This is a piece of narrative writing, a play.
Main idea of the passage Two rich British men offer a penniless American a loan, without telling him that the amount is 1,000,000, and this in the form of a single banknote.
2. Life history of Mark Twain
11/30/1835 Born to John Marshall and Jane Lampton Clemens, in the frontier hamlet of Florida, Missouri. Named Samuel Langhorne Clemens. The most auspicious element in the child`s birth was the presence of Halley`s Comet in the sky.1861 Served as a soldier in the Confederate Army1863 Began signing his pseudonym "Mark Twain"1865 The Celebrating Jumping Frog of Calaveras County1870 Married Oliva Langdon1876 The Adventures of Tom Sawyer 1880 A Tramp Aboard1882 The Prince and the Pauper1884 The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn1888 Received from Yale College the degree of Master of Arts1889 A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur`s Court1892 The American Claimant1894 Tom Sawyer Abroad1894 The Tragedy of Pudd`nhead Wilson1896 Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc1896 Tom Sawyer, Detective1899 The Man That Corrupted Hadleyburg1901 Yale College - Doctrine of Literature1907 Came the crowning honor - Oxford tendered him the doctor`s robe04/21/1910 Passed away
- 1 -Unit 5 Canada—“The True North”
教材分析和教材重组
教材分析 本单元的主要内容是了解加拿大的概况——地理位置、主要城市、风土人情等；了解多元文化现象和多元文化国家的特点。1. Warming Up部分提供了一个关于加拿大概况的小测试，目的是激活学生已有的知识和经验，为进入本单元的学习作好准备。2. Pre-reading部分通过四组问题激活学生有关旅行和加拿大的知识和经历。本单元阅读是“在旅途中看加拿大”，因此，“读前”部分首先提问学生经历过的旅行，然后提问学生最想去的国家，由此切入到本单元的话题“加拿大”。然后进一步提出“你是否想去加拿大旅行 你想到那儿去看什么 ”“你会使用哪三个词语来描述加拿大 ”3. Reading部分是篇游记，记述了李黛予和刘倩去加拿大看她们的表兄妹的途中见闻。乘火车横穿加拿大之前，她们表兄妹的朋友林丹尼向他们介绍了加拿大的概况，包括面积、地貌、城市、人口、生态环境等。一路上，他们看到了加拿大的自然美景，野生动物，并因中途停靠卡尔加里(Calgary)而联想到卡尔加里大赛马会(Calgary Stampede)。加拿大地广人稀，多数人住在美—加边境。本文还提到了桑德贝(Thunder Bay)，五大湖(the Great Lakes)，温哥华(Vancouver)，多伦多(Toronto)，介绍了加拿大的淡水资源。本文对加拿大的介绍涉及面较宽，但都没有详述，这给学生留下了足够的思维空间。4. Comprehending部分由三部分组成：回答问题、写出正确信息和画路线图。这些不仅检查学生对阅读课文的细节的把握，比如，要求学生介绍卡尔加里大赛马会、列举加拿大蕴藏的两种自然资源、写出有关桑德贝的地理位置的正确信息等，而且检查学生根据阅读课文内容所作的推理和判断，比如，“Why do many people want to live in Vancouver ”一题，要求学生联系文中相关信息，做出因果推理。此外，还检查学生的读图能力，比如，“Why would ships be able to reach the center of Canada ”一题，要求学生把地图和课文两方面的信息综合起来。最后，要求学生在地图上画出横穿加拿大的路线图，抓住文中人物的行踪也就抓住了行文的线索，零散的信息就有机地串联起来了。5. Learning about Language部分首先通过构词法的学习扩大学生的词汇量并培养学生的词汇生成能力。用阅读课文中的词和信息编对话和填空，旨在提高学生活用词汇的能力。语法部分通过从阅读课文中找例句和造句的练习教学同位语从句。6. Using Language部分综合训练听说读写的能力。听与写、听与说有机结合在一起，使学生通过填空、讨论的形式进一步学习有关加拿大的知识——加拿大的居民、语言等。阅读部分继续加拿大之行：从多伦多到蒙特利尔(Montreal)。本文提到了枫树，加拿大国家塔(CN Tower)，尼亚加拉瀑布(Niagara Falls)，多伦多猛龙队(Toronto Raptors)，蓝鸟队(Blue Jays)，中国城(Chinatown)，圣劳伦斯河(St Lawrence River)等等，充分展示了异域文化风情。写的部分是两篇报告，一个写途中所见，另一个写途中所闻。教师可以根据课本上的提示，向学生介绍“报告”的写作方法。写之前，先让学生根据本单元的两篇阅读完成图表上所要填写的信息。写报告时，要求学生自拟题目，先提出话题，再根据图表信息详述所见或所闻，最后作一小结。
教材重组 1. 将Warming Up，Pre-reading，Reading与Comprehending整合在一起上一节“阅读课”。2. 将Learning about Language和Workbook的using words and expressions及using structures整合在一起上一节“语言学习课”。3. 将Using Language设计为一节包括听说读写在内的“综合技能课（一）”。4. 将Workbook的READING AND LISTENING和TALKING结合在一起上一节“听说课”。5. 将Workbook的LISTENING TASK，READING AND WRITING TASK和SPEAKING TASK设计为一节“综合技能课（二）”。
课时分配 1st Period Reading2nd Period Language study3rd Period Integrating skills(Ⅰ)4th Period Listening and Speaking5th Period Integrating skills(Ⅱ)
Part 1: Teaching Design
(第一部分：教学设计)
Period 1: A sample lesson plan for reading
(A TRIP ON THE TRUE NORTH)
Aims
To develop reading ability
To learn about Canada
Procedures
I. Warming up
Warming up by talking about Canada
Hello, everyone. Today we are going to read about Canada. But first I’d like to inform you of some facts about this second largest country in the world.
Best of the World's Best
For 7 years in a row (1994-2000 inclusive) the United Nations voted Canada "the best COUNTRY in the world in which to live". In 2001 it was voted 2nd and in 2002 Canada was ranked 3rd. An 8th place ranking in 2003 was disappointing, but Canadians still feel that it is the best!. In January 2000, Vancouver (BC) was voted "the best CITY in the world in which to live" (in a 3-way tie with Zurich & Bern, Switzerland and Vienna, Austria).
Warming up by looking and listening
Hi, everyone. Look at the picture and tell me what it is like. Yes, the head of the man looks like the map of Canada. The man, representing Canada, is playing hockey, the national sport of the country Canada.
Hockey Canada Strengths4.5 million Canadians are involved in hockey as coaches, players, officials, administrators or direct volunteers (this does not include spectators, parents and occasional volunteers).Research has shown that hockey is the activity of choice of over 2 million Canadians.Over 508,000 players are registered with Hockey Canada for the 1998-99 season.There are more than 1.5 million games played and 2 million practices every year.There are over 3,000 arenas in Canada.
Warming up by giving facts
Nice to see you back at school, boys and girls. To begin with turn to page 33, and go over the warming up exercises. Find out the facts about the country of Canada.
GENERAL INFORMATION area: 9,970,610 sq km/3,849,652 sq mi; capital: Ottawa; major towns/cities: Toronto, Montral, Vancouver, Edmonton, Calgary, Winnipeg, Qubec, Hamilton, Saskatoon, Halifax, London, Kitchener, Mississauga, Laval, Surrey; physical features: mountains in west, with low-lying plains in interior and rolling hills in east; St Lawrence Seaway, Mackenzie River; Great Lakes; Arctic Archipelago; Rocky Mountains; Great Plains or Prairies; Canadian Shield; Niagara Falls; climate: varies from temperate in south to arctic in north; 45 of country forested
II. Pre-reading
1. Questioning and answering
How do you usually travel when on vacation Alone With companion With classmates What type of activities do you most like to participate in when you travel
Do you do group travel
2. Talking and sharing
What three words would you use to describe Canada
Happy Canada Day! ( words to describe Canada) Happy Canada Day! Even though our country isn't perfect, I feel lucky to live here when I think about some of the horrible things that are happening in other parts of the world.
What are some words that spring to mind when you think about Canada
Here are some of mine: vast, changing weather, uncertain
III. Reading
1. Listening and reading aloud
Now please listen and read the text aloud. Pay attention to the pronunciation of each word and the pauses within each sentence.加拿大太平洋岸的一颗宝石——温哥华市 Vancouver世界上很少有城市能像卑诗省的温哥华如此秀丽天成、多彩多姿及诸色人种汇聚一堂。温哥华坐落于加拿大西海岸，拥有一百八十万多元化人口，乃加拿大第三大城市，并且是国际商业重镇。温哥华被海洋、青山及公园绿地所环绕，提供了其它城市难得一见的城区优质生活。它的街道安全洁净；它的海滩、青山易于接近；它的居民亲切友善。 温哥华提供琳琅满目的体育、文化、娱乐活动机会。在它四季宜人的气候下，您一定可以了解为何温哥华被喻为 "加拿大太平洋岸的一颗宝石"。
2. Reading and underlining
Next you are to read and circle all the useful expressions or collocations in the passage. Copy them into your notebook after school as homework.
Collocations from A TRIP ON THE TRUE NORTHon a trip在旅途中), on the Atlantic coast在大西洋海岸, take the aeroplane乘飞机, fly from… to…从……飞行到……, take the train from… to…乘火车从……到……, from west to east从西到东, across Canada横穿加拿大, cross the whole country横贯整个国家, wait for…等候……, at the airport在机场, take…to…把……带到……, catch the train乘坐火车, on the way to…在去……的路上, see great scenery看美丽壮观的风景, on the trip在旅途中, go eastward向东行驶, pass cities经过城市, in less than five days在不五天的时间里, from coast to coast从一个海岸到另一个海岸, in the warmest part of…在最热的地方, be surrounded by…被……所包围, on the north在北边, ski in the mountains在山上滑雪, sail in the harbour在港湾了扬帆行船, north of………的北边, settle down in the seat落座, look out of the window at the wild scenery从窗口看到了自然风光, a mountain goat野山羊, a grizzly bear大灰熊, a famous Western festival有名的西方节日, come from all over…全来自……, compete in ~ing比赛做……, ride wild horses驾驭野马, have a gift for ~ing有天资/天分做……, work with…与……共处, win…prizes赢得……奖金, live within 320 kilometres of the USA border居住在靠近美国320公里以内的边境地带, go through…穿过……, a wheat-growing province种植小麦的省份, thousands of square kilometers in size面积有数千平方米, at the top end of…在……的最上首, a busy port繁忙的港口, be close to…接近……, one-third of………三分之一, rush through…穿行过……
The Rocky MountainsThe Rocky Mountains, the great backbone of North America, extend 5,000 kilometers from New Mexico to Canada. The elevations range from about 1,500 meters along the plains to 4,399 meters, and the widths range from 120 to 650 kilometers. The Rocky Mountains are composed of many mountain ranges with unique ecological features. For example, 20 ranges make up the Rocky Mountains in and adjacent to Wyoming. The natural beauty, abundant wildlife, and fresh water have attracted human inhabitants for the last 10,000-12,000 years.
4. Reading and transferring information
Read the text again to complete the table summarizing A TRIP ON THE TRUE NORTH.
A TRIP ON THE TRUE NORTH
About Canada About Vancouver About Rocky Mountains About Thunder Bay
For reference:
A TRIP ON THE TRUE NORTH
About Canada About Vancouver About Rocky Mountains About Thunder Bay
bigger than the US; 2nd biggest country in the world; From west to east, you can see mountains, thousands of lakes, forests and wide rives as well as cities. 5,500 km from coast to coast warmest part of Canada; most beautiful city in Canada, surrounded by mountains on the north and east and the Pacific Ocean on the west; population increasing rapidly; wild scenery; mountain goats; a grizzly bear; at the top end of the Great Lakes; a busy port;
5. Understanding difficult sentences
Are there any difficult sentences Now discuss with your partner the difficult points from the text.
IV. Closing down
Closing down by doing exercises
To end the lesson you are to do the comprehending exercises 1, 2 and 3 on page 35.
Closing down by acting the text
To end the period let’s act this text out. We shall have three student actors to play Li Daiyu, Liu Qian and Danny Lin.
Additional Materials
Complete the summary of the story with one word in each blank.A TRIP ON “THE TRUE NORTH”Li Daiyu and Liu Qian were on a 1 across Canada. Instead of taking the aeroplane 2 the way, they would cross the whole continent of Canada in 3 after arriving Vancouver by air.Danny Lin waited 4 them at the airport and gave them a brief 5 about Canada, the second 6 country in the world and Vancouver, the most beautiful city of the country, while taking them to 7 the train, “The True North”.Having settled 8 in the seats, they looked out of the window 9 the wild scenery, the mountain goats, and grizzly bears. They went by the city of Calgary and 10 in Thunder Bay, a city at the top 11 of the Great Lakes, learning more about Canada of its population resources and so 12 . Their last stop is Toronto, one of the southernmost cities in Canada.（Keys: 1. trip 2. all 3. train 4. for 5. introduction 6. biggest 7. catch 8. down 9. at 10. arrived 11. end 12. on）
Comprehension questionsHow did they visit Canada A. They traveled there all by the aeroplane.B. They took the train“The true north”to across Canada.C. They hired a guider to show their way around.They drove their way to visit some of the important city in Canada.What’s make Vancouver so special A. It surrounded by mountains on the north and east.B. It surrounded by the Pacific Ocean on the south.Its population is decreasing very rapidly.People can ski in the Rocky Mountains and sail in the harbour.What did cowboys do in the Calgary Stampede A. They compete in riding wild horses.They were dancing with wild animals.They came here to show their beauty and win the heart of girls.They hunt for mountain goats and grizzly bears. (Keys: BDA)
Notes to some difficult sentences1. Li Daiyu and her cousin Liu Qian were on a trip to Canada to visit their cousins on the Atlantic coast. 李黛予和她的表妹刘倩去加拿大大西洋海岸看望她们的表兄妹们。trip (n.): (usually short) journey, esp. for pleasure(通常指短途的)行走，旅行（尤指娱乐性的）。与trip搭配的主要动词和介词：be (go) on/make/take a trip to …a trip to the seaside 海滨之行。a honeymoon trip to Paris前往巴黎的蜜月之旅。He is on a business trip. 他出差在外。My father will make a trip to New York next week. 他父亲下礼拜要去纽约去。Rather than taking the airplane all the way, they decided to fly from China to Vancouverand to take the train… 她们不想一路乘飞机，决定先从中国飞到温哥华，然后，改乘火车……rather than (prep.): in preference to (sb/sth); instead of 与其（某人/某物）；不意；不要。Rather than get (getting) money in such a dishonest way, Simon would beg in the street. 西蒙宁可沿街乞讨，也不愿用不诚实的方式捞钱。I’ll have a lemonade rather than a coke. 我想喝柠檬汁，不想喝可乐。He was busy writing a letter rather than reading a newspaper. 他正忙于写信而不是读报。It is the second biggest country in the world and as you go eastward, you will seemountains, and pass by thousands of lakes, forests and wide rivers as well as cities. 它是世界上第二大的国家，当你一路向东行时，除了城市你还会看到山脉，会经过上千个湖泊，森林，大河等以及城市。eastward 也作 eastwards,副词，意为“向东”。注意不能说go to eastward。如：They sailed eastward.他们向东航行。We couldn’t decide whether to go eastward or westward. 我们难以决定是向东走还是向西走。thousands of 成千上万的。注意，million, billion, thousand, hundred, score(20), dozen(12)之前有确定的数字时，不论后面有无of，词尾都不加s。如：three hundred students 300名学生，three hundred of them他们当中的300人，three score people 60人，three dozen of these eggs 这些鸡蛋里的3打如果前面没有确定的数字而后接of时，词尾都加s。On the coast north of Vancouver some of the oldest and most beautiful forests in theworld still remain. 温哥华以北的海岸依然生长着世界上最古老、最美丽的森林。north of=to the north of 表示“在……的北方”。其它方位词，如：east, west, south, southwest, northeast等，都有类似的用法。例如语言运用部分的阅读课文中还有：It’s about four hundred kilometers northeast of Toronto… 它在多伦多东北大约400公里处……That afternoon in the train the cousins settled down in their seats. 那天下午表姐妹俩在火车上落了座。settle down 安稳坐下，定居下来。如：His grandfather settled down in the armchair with a newspaper. 他爷爷手拿报纸坐在扶手椅里。Have you settled down in your new job yet 你适应新工作了吗？Many of them have a gift for working with animals and they can win thousands ofdollars in prizes. 他们中许多人都有与野兽共舞的才能，他们能赢得几千美元的奖金。have a gift for在……方面有天分；有天赋。如：She has a gift for learning language. 她对学语言有天赋。It seems he has a gift for music. 好象他对音乐有些天赋。
【高考链接】同位语从句1. 从属连词that、whether引导的同位语从句。He has the hope that he will become a college student. 他有上大学这么个愿望。The question whether he should do this troubled him. 是否该做这件事这一问题使他很烦恼。注意：由连接词that （一般不可省略） 引导的同位语从句，在句子结构上与关系代词that引导的定语从句有相似之处，但有区别：1) The news that he had landed on the moon spread all over the country. 他登上月球的消息传遍全国。2）The news that John told us interested all of us.他告诉我们的消息使大家都感趣。解析：1）句中that从句中本身的内容就是“news ”内容本身，that在句子中不充当任何成分，起连接作用，所以，本句中的that从句 是同位语从句；而2）句中that从句说明“ news ”是怎样获得的，不涉及“news”的内容， that从句中充当 “tell”的宾语，所以，本句中的that从句 是定语从句。另外，可带同位语从句的名词主要是少数一些可加入具体内容的表示信息、思想等概念的名词，如：fact，news，idea，truth，belief，doubt，hope，possibility，order，wish，message，promise，suggestion，report，reply，problem, question, thought等。2. 连接副词how，when，where等引导的同位语从句。You have no idea how worried I was！你不知道我是多么着急。【高考链接】1. Information has been put forward____ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities. （2001上海）A.while B. that C.when D.as2. ____is no possibility____Bob can win the first prize in the match. （2001 上海春）A．There；that BIt；that CThere；whether DIt；whether3. There is much chance _____ Bill will recover from his injury in time for the race. （06 天津） A. that B. which C. until D. ifNobody believed his reason for being absent from the class _____ he had to meet his uncle in the airport. （06 重庆）A. why B. that C. where D. because5.—It’s thirty years since we last met. (06四川)—But I still remember the story, believe it or not, ____ we got lost on a rainy night. A. which B. that C. what D. when6. A warm thought suddenly came to me _____ I might use the pocket money to buy some flowers for my mother’s birthday. (06 安徽)A. if B. when C. that D. which7. There’s a feeling in me ______ we’ll never know what a UFO is---not ever.(2002上海)A. that B. which C. of which D. what8. Along with the letter was his promise _____ he would visit me this coming Christmes. (2004上海春)A. which B. that C. what D. whether9. A story goes ______ Elizabeth I of England liked nothing more than being surrounded by clever and qualified noblemen at court. (2004上海)A. when B. where C. what D. that 10. Some researchers believe that there is no doubt _____ a cure for AIDS will be found.(2005广东)A. which B. that C. what D. whether【巩固练习】1.They have no idea at all_____.A. where he has gone B .where did he goC. which place has he gone D. where has he gone2.I have no idea ____far the airport is far from here.A. what B. how C. it’s D. that3.The manager asked the question ____I would like to be his secretary.A. if B. that C. whether D. how4.____is a fact____ English is being accepted as an international language.A. It; that B. That; that C. It; which D. As; that5.The reason ____she didn't say anything was ____she was ill.A. why; that B. why; because C .that; why .D. why; why6. There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars ______ road conditions need to be improved. A. that B. which C. where D. when 7. The question has been raised at the meeting ______ each member country should share the expenses of the committee. A. which B. if C. what D. whether8. There is a common belief among them_____ rubbish can and should be put to good use. A. which B. if C. whether D. that 9. _____ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.A. There B. This C. That D. It10. It is no longer a question____ man is learning more and more about space.A. whether B. that C. if D. how【汉译英】1. 我想到冬天的时候在山上滑雪。 2. 这个小女孩有唱歌方面的天赋。3. 他将与老对手比赛跑步。4. 我们家紧邻公共汽车站。5. 她在音乐比赛中获得头等奖。【答案及解析】 【高考链接】1. B这里Information的内容即： more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.2. A possibility后应引导一个同位语从句，因其前有 no修饰，所以其后不用 whether；“存在有……”应用“There is…3.A that引导一个同位语从句作chance 的同位语。that 只起引导作用，不作成分。而B、C、D项均不合适。A、D项不引导同位语从句，which 引导同位语从句须在从句中作成分。4. B his reason 后接同位语从句，由for being absent from the class 隔开。一般情况下从句与同位语的名词相接，但有时可以分开。如：The news got about that he had won a car in the lottery.此题考生易选A. why，而误认为此句为定语从句。而题干中for being absent from the class 已给出reason 的结果，因而后面的从句是说明reason 的内容的，所以不选why，而选that。5. B 分隔复合句。这是一个分隔同位语从句，最大干扰项是which，它不能引导定语从句，同位语从句和定语从句的本质区别在于“连词在从句中是否充当成分”。6. C 此句为分隔同位语从句。Thought与同位的that I might … 从句，被谓语suddenly cameto me隔开。A 同位语从句that we’ll never know what a UFO is---not ever作a feeling的同位语，解释a feeling的具体内容。B that 引导同位语从句，作promise的同位语。D that引导同位语从句修饰go。B a cure for AIDS will be found是同位语从句，充当doubt的同位语。【巩固练习】1.A 2B 3C 4A 5A6. A。 本句中road conditions need to be improved作problem的同位语，前面需要引导词that。7. D。考查分隔同位语从句。Whether引导名词性从句不担任句子成分，只保留词义“是否”。该题从句不缺句子成分，question 又是一个可具有具体内容或信息的抽象名词。由此断定该句是由whether引导的同位语从句，因谓语部分将其和名词the question分隔开，所以称之为分隔同位语从句。8. D。 此题考查同位语从句，作belief的同位语。9. D。10. B。【汉译英】1. I’d like to ski in the mountains in the winter. 2. The little girl has a gift for singing. 3. He is going to compete in running with his old rival. 4. Our house is close to the bus stop. 5. She won the first prize in the music competition.
- 9 -Unit 3 The Million Pound Bank-Note
Part One: Teaching Design
(第一部分：教学设计)
Period 3: A sample lesson plan for Using Language
(ACT ONE, Scene 4 of 1000000 BANK NOTE)
Aims
To learn more about the story by reading the passage ACT ONE, Scene 4 of 1000000 BANK NOTE
To act out this part
To learn to use the language by reading, listening, speaking and writing
Procedures
I. Warming up
Warm up by listening and reading aloud to the tape recording of ACT ONE, Scene 4 of 1000000 BANK NOTE.
II. Guided reading
1. Reading and acting
Read the play first, and then try to act it out in group.
2. Reading and underlining
Next you are to read carefully and write in your note book all the useful expressions or collocations from the passage.
Collocations from ACT ONE, Scene 4 of 1000000 BANK NOTEoutside a restaurant在餐馆外边, look at the envelop with the letter看着那封信的信封, sit down at the table坐在桌旁, next to…靠近，紧挨着, see sb.’s appearance看某人的外表, take one’s order来等……点菜, a nice big steak一块大牛排, make… extra thick使……特别厚, cost a tiny bit得多花点儿钱, have a nice tall class of beer要要一大杯啤酒, leave for…朝……走去, eat like a wolf吃东西像头饿狼，as clever as a wolf像狼一样机灵，look on sb.’s face (看着服务员脸上的神色), ask for…要……, take a chance抓住机会，冒险, read the bill念账单, two orders of…两份……, in a rude manner以粗鲁的方式, take care of…照看，照料，照应, a wonderful meal一顿美食, get … out of…从……中得出……, pay the bill付账, hold… in one’s hands手里拿着……, look at… over one’s shoulders把头转向……看, issue a note in the amount of…发行了面值…的钞票, give attention to…对……注意，关注……, discover… for the first time如梦初醒，第一次发现/觉察到, hit sb.’s arm打某人的手臂, put…in the back of …把……带到……的后面, change the bank note找不开这张钞票, dress in an unusual way穿着奇怪, as for…至于说……, thank… from one’s heart从心底里感谢……
3. Listening and writing
Now you are going to do exercises 1 and 2 on page 23 following the article.
4. Reading and learning
Next we are going to read ABOUT MARK TWAIN on page 23. After school you shall write down all the collocations from the passage in your notebook.
Collocations from ABOUT MARK TWAINspend one’s boyhood in…在……度过某人的童年, on a river在这条河上, two fathoms deep(深度为两寻), be equal to相当于，等于, at the age of在……几岁时, become famous for…因……而出名, become rich from…因……而富有, be popular at public readings在演讲上受欢迎, honour sb. for…把某人冠以……荣誉, be filled with…用……填满
5.Writing a play or drama—Playwriting
Everyone has at least one idea for an episode of their favorite show. Instead of a story about your favorite show, why not turn it into a play for you and your friends! Turn to page 23 and write a play as required. You may read the following for help.
III. Closing down by acting
Hello and Welcome! This is the club for actors and actresses of all ages to come and swap acting ideas, tips, or anything else relating to any type of acting. I hope you will enjoy yourself here!
Actors and actresses from our club are going to act out ACT ONE of 1000000 BANK NOTE.
To learn acting and directingLet me tell you what is important to your acting, so that, you know how to play the game to win.Know what story you are telling.Actor thinks of causes.Director thinks of results. In the house of entertainment the actor and director have to serve the audience and work for the author.Defining ActingThe principles of acting come from all the things you do in life. The actor has to learn all the acting principles, then the principles have to become subliminal in their acting.Work on your acting craft in an acting workshop: just know the lines and do the scene. It is really that simple.
- 2 -Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the stars
Part 1: Teaching Design
(第一部分：教学设计)
Period 2: A sample lesson plan for Learning about Language
(Noun clauses as the subject)
Aims
To learn about noun clauses as the subject
To discover and learn to use some useful words and expressions
To discover and learn to use some useful structures
Procedures
I. Warming up
Warming up by discovering useful words and expressions
Turn to page 27 and do exercises 1, 2 ，3 and 4 first. Check your answers against your classmates’.
II. Learning about grammar
Find the noun clauses in the following sentences and tell how they are used. (Subject, predicate nominative, direct object, appositive, indirect object, or object of the preposition)
1. How the prisoner escaped is a mystery.
2. My feeling is that the robbery was an inside job.
3. Everyone is wondering how he could just disappear.
4. The news that he had escaped frightened the whole town.
5. The police have offered whoever finds the stolen diamonds a reward.
6. The family has had no word about where he might be.
7. That we were ready to go was a miracle.
8. Give whoever wants to go a ride to the game.
9. That you are losing ground was evident from the polls.
10. Whoever injured the handicapped woman must be feeling guilty.
Answers1. How the prisoner escaped = subject2. that the robbery was an inside job = predicate nominative3. how he could just disappear = direct object4. that he had escaped = appositive5. whoever finds the stolen diamonds = indirect object6. where he might be = object of the preposition7. That we were ready to go = subject8. whoever wants to go = indirect object9. That you are losing ground = subject10. Whoever injured the handicapped woman = subject
IV.
Closing down by doing exercises
1. Noun Clause Practice Quiz
1) I had an accident and took my car to the garage. My husband asked me where ________.
A. is my car B. my car was C. my car is D. was my car
2) Is it true all of the computers will shut down in the year 2010 _______ is unbelievable!
A. That all the computers could shut down B. All computers could shut down
C. It is that all computers could shut down D. Shutting down of all computers
3) Is it true __________ people are saying about Y2K
A . that what B. that C. whether or not D. what
4) _______________ an old "date" chip is important.
A. A computer has B. If a computer have
C. Whether or not a computer has D. Has a computer
5) What are you going to do with your old computer Nothing! _________ is too expensive.
A. That I want to do B. What I want to do C. That what I want to do D. If what I want to do
(Keys: B A D C B)
2. To end this period turn to page 28 and do exercises 1, 2 and 3. You may do them in groups of 4.
- 2 -Unit 2 Healthy eating
Part 1: Teaching Design
（第一部分：教学设计）
Period 2: A sample lesson plan for Learning about Language
(Modal verbs: ought to / ought not to / have to / don’t have to / mustn’t / needn’t)
Aims
To learn about Modal verbs: ought to / ought not to / have to / don’t have to / mustn’t / needn’t
To discover and learn to use some useful words and expressions
To discover and learn to use some useful structures
Procedures
I. Warming up
Warming up reading aloud the text COME AND EAT HERE (1)
We promote reading aloud to students and by students in order to encourage a love of English books and a desire to become a fluent English speaker. So Read aloud the text before we learn about the grammar.
II. Discovering useful words and expressions
In pairs do the exercises 1, 2 and 3 on pages 11 and 12. You must finish them in 5 minutes.
III. Learning about grammar
1. Read and identify
Read the text COME AND EAT HERE (1), discovering all the sentences which contain any of the modal verbs: ought to / ought not to / have to / don’t have to / mustn’t / needn’t.
2. Consolidating by doing exercises
To consolidate your understanding you will be given 10 minutes to go over exercises 1,2 and 3 on pages 12 and 13. You may just write in your text book. I mean the student’s book you are working by.
IV. Ready used materials for Modal verbs: ought to / ought not to / have to / don’t have to / mustn’t / needn’t
1. What are Modal Verbs
Modal auxiliary verbs help other verbs express a meaning or an idea but have no meaning by themselves. In English, modal auxiliary verbs are defective; for example, they do not have participle forms (no -ing or -ed endings).
They are used in a variety of grammatical moods such as the conditional mood, which expresses uncertainty ("I would be delighted if you came to my party").
Modal auxiliary verbs are special verbs which behave very differently from normal verbs. Next are some important differences.
2. Modal verbs do not take "-s" in the third person.
EXAMPLES:
He can speak Chinese.
She should be here by 9:00.
3. You use "not" to make modal verbs negative, even in Simple Present and Simple Past.
EXAMPLES:
He should not be late.
They might not come to the party.
4. Many modal verbs cannot be used in the past tenses or the future tenses.
EXAMPLES:
He will can go with us. NOT CORRECT
She musted study very hard. NOT CORRECT
5. Common Modal Verbs:
Can
Could
May
Might
Must Ought to
Shall
Should
Will
Would
V. Closing down by doing a quiz
Modals and Related Expressions
1. Ted's flight from Amsterdam took more than 11 hours. He_____ be exhausted after such a long flight. A. must B. can C. had better 2. The book is optional. My professor said we could read it if we needed extra credit. But we _____ read it if we don't want to. A. can not B. must not C. don't have to 3. Susan_____ hear the speaker because the crowd was cheering so loudly. A. couldn't B. can't C. might not 4. The television isn't working. It ______ damaged during the move. A. must have been B. must C. must be 5. A_____ hold your breath for more than a minute B: No, I can't. A. Are you able to B. Might you C. Can you 6. You _____ be rich to be a success. Some of the most successful people I know haven't got a penny to their name. A. can't B. don't have to C. shouldn't 7. I've redone this math problem at least twenty times, but my answer is wrong according to the answer key. The answer in the book _____ be wrong! A. have to B. must C. should 8. You _____ do the job if you didn't speak Japanese fluently. A. can't B. won't be able to C. couldn't 9. You _____ worry so much. It doesn't do you any good. Either you get the job, or you don't. If you don't, just apply for another one. Eventually, you will find work. A. shouldn't B. don't have to C. can't 10. You _____ be kidding! That can't be true. A. should B. have to C. ought to 11. You _____ leave the table once you have finished your meal and politely excused yourself. A. would B. might C. may 12. Jenny's engagement ring is enormous! It _____ a fortune. A. must cost B. must be costing C. must have cost 13. _____ we move into the living room It's more comfortable in there and there's a beautiful view of the lake. A. Shall B. Must C. Will 14. If I had gone white water rafting with my friends, I _____ down the Colorado River right now. A. would have float B. would be floating C. would float 15. At first, my boss didn't want to hire Sam. But, because I had previously worked with Sam, I told my boss that he _____ take another look at his resume and reconsider him for the position. A. must B. ought to C. has to 16. You _____ take along some cash. The restaurant may not accept credit cards. A. had better B. has to C. can 17. The machine _____ on by flipping this switch. A. may turn B. could be turning C. can be turned 18. I can't stand these people - I _____ get out of here. I'm going to take off for a while you get rid of them. A. might B. have got to C. had better 19. You _____ forget to pay the rent tomorrow. The landlord is very strict about paying on time. A. mustn't B. don't have to C. couldn't 20. Do you always have to say the first thing that pops into your head. _____ you think once in a while before you speak A. Can not B. Can't C. Don't can 21. Terry and Frank said they would come over right after work, so they _____ be here by 6:00. A. have to B. can C. should 22. Yesterday, I _____ cram all day for my French final. I didn't get to sleep until after midnight. A. had to B. should C. must 23. We _____ no longer suffer the injustice of oppression! Freedom shall be ours! A. would B. might C. shall 24. If I had gone to the University of Miami, I _____ participated in their Spanish immersion program. A. could B. could have C. could be 25. The lamp _____ be broken. Maybe the light bulb just burned out. A. might not B. must not C. could not
（Keys: 1-5 BCAAC 6-10 BBCBA 11-15 CCABB 16-20 AVBAB 21-25 CACBA）Unit 2 Healthy eating
Part 2: Teaching Resources
(第二部分：教学资源)
Section 1：A text structure analysis of COME AND EAT HERE <1>
1. Type of writing and summary of the text
Type of writing This is a piece of narrative writing.
Main idea of the passage Being driven by curiosity, Wang Pengwei, an restaurant owner, spied on Yong Hui’s restaurant and put on a competition with Yong Hui.
Central idea of 1st part (before the word of “Curiosity”) Wang Pengwei, frustrated, went into a newly-opened small restaurant at the end of the street and found a sign in the window advertising “slimming foods”.
Central idea of 2nd part (after the word of “Curiosity”) Amazed, Wang Pengwei went to do some research and wrote his own sign starting a competition with Yong Hui.
2. A chain of events happening in COME AND EAT HERE(1)(2)
sit in an empty restaurant→ feel frustrated → get up early→ prepare one’s menu of mutton→ think of…→hurry by →eat with sb. →follow … into…→come inside to…→serve slimming food → make…thin → drive…inside →come forward →take…off →be amazed at…→cost more than…→believe one’s eyes →throw away…→hurry outside →think about…→ make…fat →find out →get away with →tell…lies →do some research →become tired →feel fit →feel happy →earn one’s living →look forward to ~ing →be in debt →walk in →look happy →glare at…→move round…→spy on…→advertise the benefits…→try a meal →enjoy the dumplings →serve sb. …→look ill →feel sick with…→heavy food →enjoy a second plate of dumplings →get tired →rest a lot →feel healthy →chat about…→offer a balanced diet →offer enough fibre →provide a balanced menu →serve fruit with ice cream →cut down the fat →increase the fibre in the meal →turn into…→get married →live happily
Section 2：Background information for Unit 2 Healthy eating
英美菜谱常用分类词汇表
Western Menu Vocabulary
烹调方式 Cooking Method
fried... 煎……，deep fried... 炸（干炸）…… ，quick-fried/stir-fried... （爆）炒…… ，braised... 炖（烧）…… ，stewed... 闷（炖、煨）…… ，steamed... 蒸…… ，smoked... 熏…… ，roast... 烤…… ，grilled... 烤…… ，crisp... 香酥…… ，spicy... 麻辣……， caramelized... 拔丝……
toffee... 拔丝…… ，dices... ...丁…… ，mashed... ...馅、泥…… ，...in brown sauce 红烧……， ...in soy sauce 酱汁…… ，...in hot sauce 干烧……， ...in tomato sauce 茄汁……
...in black bean sauce 豆瓣……， ...in rice wine 糟溜…… ，...with fish flavor 鱼香……， ...with sweet and sour flavor 糖醋…… ，...in soup 汆…….，..shreds ...丝 ，...slices ...片 ……， cubes ...块
调味品 Condiments
table salt 食盐， sugar 白糖， cheese 奶酪/干酪， vinegar 醋， butter 黄油， pepper 胡椒， soy sauce 酱油， cream 奶油， curry 咖哩， mustard 芥茉， tomato sauce 蕃茄酱， honey 蜂蜜， gravy 肉汁， jam 果酱， cube sugar 方糖， ginger 姜， garlic 大蒜， shallot 大葱， mayonnaise 蛋黄酱， sweet soybean paste 甜面酱
汤类 Soup
clear soup/thin soup/consommé 清汤， pottage/thick soup 浓汤，broth 肉汤， beef soup 牛肉汤，tomato soup 西红柿汤，cabbage soup 洋白菜汤，vegetable soup 菜汤， chicken soup 鸡汤，creamed chicken soup 奶油鸡汤， fish and tomato soup 红鱼汤，creamed ham soup 奶油火腿汤，beef balls soup 牛肉丸子汤，creamed prawn soup 奶油虾汤，beef and vegetable soup 牛肉蔬菜汤，creamed spinach soup 奶油菠菜汤，hot and sour soup 酸辣汤，minced chicken and corn pottage 鸡茸粟米汤，curry chicken soup 咖哩鸡汤
中餐主食Chinese Food
rice gruel/porridge 大米粥，millet gruel 小米粥，steamed bun/steamed bread 馒头， steamed twisted roll 花卷，meat pie 馅饼，pancake 煎饼，meat bun/steamed bread with stuffings 包子， dumpling 饺子，wonton/dumpling soup 馄饨，noodles 面条，Sichuan style noodles with peppery sauce 担担面，fried noodles 炒面，stretched noodles 拉面，noodles with soup 汤面，noodles with soybean paste 炸酱面，beef noodles 牛肉面，spring roll/egg roll 春卷，rice noodles 米线，
sweet dumpling 元宵，egg fried rice 蛋炒饭，deep-fried dough sticks 油条，soybean milk 豆浆，muffin 松糕/饼，cruller 油饼
西餐主食Western Food
bread 面包，toast 烤面包/土司，rye bread 黑麦面包，bun 小圆面包，hamburger 汉堡包，bacon cheeseburger 腊肉奶酪汉堡包，sandwich 三明治，tuna sandwich 金枪鱼三明治，hotdog 热狗，biscuits/crackers/cookies 饼干，pancake 烤饼/薄饼，pizza 比萨饼，meat-pie 肉馅饼，
barley gruel 大麦粥，oatmeal 燕麦粥，French fries 炸薯条，pudding 布丁，macaroni 通心面，spaghetti 意大利面条
西餐主菜Western Entrees
beef steak 牛排 (rare) 半熟的（牛排），roast beef 烤牛排 (medium-rare) 适中偏生的（牛排），
curry beef 咖哩牛排 (medium) 适中的（牛排） ，real cutlet/veal chop 小牛排 (medium-well done) 适中偏熟的（牛排），roast veal 烤小牛排 (well done) 熟透的（牛排），spiced beef 五香牛排，braised beef 焖牛排，roast mutton 烤羊肉，lamb chop 羊排，pork chop 猪排，sliced ham 火腿片，roast turkey 烤火鸡，roast chicken 烤油鸡，curried chicken 咖哩鸡，roast duck 烤鸭，smoked carp 熏鲤鱼，sardine 沙丁鱼，fried fish 炸鱼，fried eggs 煎鸡蛋，boiled eggs 煮鸡蛋，poached eggs 荷包蛋，omelet/omelette 摊鸡蛋/蛋卷，pickled cucumber 酸黄瓜，salad 色拉，salad dressing 色拉酱，chicken salad 鸡色拉，French 法式（色拉酱），vegetable salad 素菜色拉，Italian 意大利式（色拉酱），ham salad 火腿色拉，Blue cheese 蓝乳酪式（色拉酱），Russian 俄式（色拉酱），backed potato 烤土豆，mashed potato 土豆泥
中餐主菜Chinese Dishes
bean curb 豆腐 beansprouts 豆芽 ，steamed chicken 清蒸鸡，braised chicken 焖鸡，Beijing roast duck 北京烤鸭，preserved eggs 松花蛋，braised pork 红烧扣肉，red-cooked pork 红烧肉，sweet-sour pork 糖醋肉，broiled beef slices 烤牛肉片，sweet-and-sour fish 糖醋鱼， meat balls 肉丸子，fried prawns 炸大虾，steamed turtle 炖甲鱼
甜点 Dessert
cake 蛋糕，cream cake 奶油蛋糕，ice-cream 冰淇淋，pie 馅饼，vanilla ice-cream 香草冰淇淋，shortcake 松饼，chocolate ice-cream 巧克力冰淇淋，tart 果馅饼，strawberry ice-cream 草霉冰淇淋，apple pie 苹果馅饼，ice sucker 冰棍，pastry 点心，yam 甜薯，sweet potato 番薯，raisin 葡萄干
酒水 DRINKS
软饮料非酒精饮料 soft drinks/beverages，coffee 咖啡 black coffee 不加牛奶的咖啡/清咖啡，
decaffeinated coffee 无咖啡因的咖啡， white coffee 牛奶咖啡，coffee with cream and sugar 加奶加糖的咖啡，instant coffee 速溶咖啡，plain coffee 纯咖啡，milk 牛奶，yogurt 酸奶，tea 茶，green tea 绿茶，black tea 红茶，jasmine tea 茉莉花茶，tea bags 袋泡茶，coca cola/coke/cocoa 可口可乐，7-up 七喜，Pepsi Cola 百事可乐，Diet Pepsi 无糖百事可乐， Sprite 雪碧，fruit juice 水果汁，lemonade 柠檬汁，orangeade 桔子汁，mineral water 矿泉水，soda water 汽水，fresh orange juice 鲜桔子汁，Fruit Punch 水果混合饮料，beer 啤酒， light beer 淡啤酒，draught beer 扎啤，开胃酒 aperitif wine低度酒/葡萄酒，white wine 白葡萄酒，red wine/port 红葡萄酒/红酒，sherry 雪利酒，champagne 香槟酒，cocktail 鸡尾酒，non-alcoholic cocktail 无酒精鸡尾酒，martini 马丁尼鸡尾酒，punch 潘趣酒， vermouth 味美思酒/苦艾酒，rose liquor 玫瑰酒，cider 苹果酒，liquor/spirit烈性酒，whisky 威士忌，brandy 白兰地，scotch 苏格兰威士忌，vodka 伏特加Unit 5 Canada—“The True North”
Part 1: Teaching Design
(第一部分：教学设计)
Period 3: A sample lesson plan for Using Language
(“THE TRUE NORTH” FROM TORONTO TO MONTREAL)
Aims
To enjoy the passage “THE TRUE NORTH” FROM TORONTO TO MONTREAL
To learn to use the language by reading, listening, speaking and writing
Procedures
I. Warming up by listening and writing
Turn to page 37 and listen to the tape and complete the sentences with correct information.
II. Speaking
In groups of four, talk about the 4 questions on the top of page 38.
III. Reading
Reading and underlining
Next you are to read “THE TRUE NORTH” FROM TORONTO TO MONTREAL and underline all the useful expressions or collocations you’ve found in it. Copy them into your notebook after class as homework.
Collocations from “THE TRUE NORTH” FROM TORONTO TO MONTREALfrost on the ground地上覆盖了一层薄霜, around noon中午时分, the most wealthy and biggest city in Canada加拿大最大最富有的城市, leave for…离开去……, go on a tour of the city继续在市内游览一番, go up the tower登上塔顶, look across the lake俯瞰湖面, flow into…流人……, flow over…流经……, on one’s way to…在去……的路上, a covered stadium加顶的运动场, walk north向北走, phone… from a telephone booth到电话亭给……打电话, have dinner in downtown Chinatown在市内的中国城吃晚饭, move to…移居到……, meet… at…在……迎接……, get good Cantonese food吃到好吃的广东菜, come from South China来自中国南方, go as far as Ottawa去到远至渥太华, about four hundred kilometers northeast of Toronto距多伦多东北大约有400公里, take too long花费的时间长, at dawn黎明, at the train station在火车站, have English words in small letters有小字体的英文标注, go downtown到市区去, be close to…,接近…… spend the afternoon in the lovely shops整个下午在可爱的商店, visit… in…在……拜访……, sit in a café坐在咖啡馆, look over…眺望……, sit down with…和……坐在一起, on a train trip across…坐着火车上横穿……, have a French culture具有法国文化, speed along the river toward…沿着河流驶向……, dream of…梦想……
IV. Acting
Next we are going to put the text “THE TRUE NORTH” FROM TORONTO TO MONTREAL on stage.
V. Guided writing
Suppose you are Liu Qian now. You are going to write home an imagined report on Canada.
After a total flight time of 11 hours I should be tired I guess, but somehow I was in a good shape and still willing to have a first sightseeing tour around Cadada.Today we went to Capilano Suspension Bridge, a 13m long and 70m high suspension bridge. I saw quite some totems there, pretty impressing. I could also see how those totems are made by Indians.Today I met my distant cousin Li Daiyu. She is from Beijing and studies in Vancouver. Until we could find arrangements to meet, several phone calls had to go all around the globe from Canada to China and from China to Canada again.
- 2 -Unit 3 The Million Pound Bank-Note
教材分析和教材重组
教材分析 本单元的主要内容是根据马克·吐温的名著《百万英镑》改编而成的剧本中的几个片断。1. Warming Up部分提出问题，通过对马克·吐温及其作品的讨论引发学生学习兴趣，使学生对马克·吐温及其作品有个初浅的了解。2. Pre-reading部分要求学生展开想象，假如自己有了一张百万英镑的钞票会怎么做，并阐述自己对《百万英镑》这部电影的评价。3. Reading部分是剧本中第一幕的第三场。富商兄弟俩打赌把一张百万英镑钞票给一个一无所有、诚实可靠的穷人，想看看会发生什么事。最后他们物色到一个穷困潦倒、流落伦敦街头的美国小伙子Henry Adams。教师可以引导学生通过戏剧情节的发展，了解、感受戏剧的语言。同时，还可利用剧本的朗诵和表演帮助学生改进语音、语调。4. Comprehending部分Fact or Opinion的练习和几个形容词的填空练习旨在检测学生对事实和观点的判断，加强对部分词语在语境中的理解和运用。5. Learning about Language部分通过英语释义、语篇填空等形式帮助学习理解掌握本单元的重点词汇，并通过先发现再简单运用的模式帮助学生了解、掌握本单元的语法项目：宾语从句和表语从句。6. Using Language部分中的Reading and acting介绍了第一幕的第四场。这一场生动地讲述了衣衫褴褛的流浪汉Henry Adams到餐馆用餐先遭冷遇，而后由于拿出了一张百万英镑的大钞又倍受关照的有趣故事。作者用诙谐的笔调讽刺了资本主义社会拜金主义者的丑陋嘴脸。7. 在Listening and writing中又介绍了第五场，进一步印证了Henry Adams诚实正直的品格。
教材重组 1. 将Warming Up，Pre-reading，Reading与Comprehending整合在一起上一节“阅读课”。2. 将Learning about Language和Workbook的using words and expressions及using structures整合在一起上一节“语言学习课”。3. 将Using Language设计为一节包括听说读写在内的“综合技能课（一）”。4. 将Workbook的READING AND LISTENING和TALKING结合在一起上一节“听说课”。5. 将Workbook的LISTENING TASK，READING AND WRITING TASK和SPEAKING TASK设计为一节“综合技能课（二）”。
课时分配 1st Period Reading2nd Period Language study3rd Period Integrating skills(Ⅰ)4th Period Listening and Speaking5th Period Integrating skills(Ⅱ)
Part One: Teaching Design
(第一部分：教学设计)
Period 1: A sample lesson plan for reading
(SCENES 3, ACT ONE of 1000000 BANK NOTE)
Aims
To help students develop their reading ability
To help students learn about English playwriting
Procedures
I. Warming up by learning vocabulary
Today we are going to a theatre. Before we go, we shall get ready with the words and expressions used in the play we are going to watch. Turn to page 98 and go over the vocabulary list.
II. Pre-reading
Giving background information about Twain Mark
Twain, Mark (1835-1910) American writer. Mark Twain once said, "To believe yourself to be brave is to be brave; it is the only essential thing." Twain is famous for "Tom Sawyer," "Adventures of Huckleberry Finn," and other books, along with essays, critical work, and more. / Mark Twain (Samuel Langhorne Clemens) is one of the most famous writers in American literature. Twain went to work in 1847 when his father died. He started off as an apprentice to a printer, and from there, he wrote for his brother's newspaper and worked as a riverboat pilot (1857-61).
III. Reading
1. Listening
2. Background information
英文大片片名1.Roman Holiday 罗马假日 2.Waterloo Bridge 魂断蓝桥 3.The Gold Rush 淘金梦 4.Princess Diana 黛安娜王妃 5.Uncle Tom's Cabin 汤姆叔叔的小屋 6.Jane Eyre 简.爱 7.Gone With The Wind 乱世佳人 8.The Modern Times 摩登时代 9.Future World 未来世界 10.Limelight 舞台生涯 11.Forrest Gump 阿甘正传 12.The Sound Of Music 音乐之声 13.The Million Pound Bank Note 百万英镑 14.Titanic 泰坦尼克号 15.Death On The Nile 尼罗河上的惨案 16.Love Story 爱情故事 17.Lion King 狮子王 18.Ghost 人鬼情未了 19.the Prince of Egypt 埃及王子 20.Abraham Lincoln 林肯传 21.Pride and Prejudice 傲慢与偏见 22.Toy Story 玩具总动员 23.True Lies 真实的谎言 24.Jurassic Park 朱罗纪公园 25.Lost World 失落的世界
英文大片片名1.Roman Holiday 罗马假日 2.Waterloo Bridge 魂断蓝桥 3.The Gold Rush 淘金梦 4.Princess Diana 黛安娜王妃 5.Uncle Tom's Cabin 汤姆叔叔的小屋 6.Jane Eyre 简.爱 7.Gone With The Wind 乱世佳人 8.The Modern Times 摩登时代 9.Future World 未来世界 10.Limelight 舞台生涯 11.Forrest Gump 阿甘正传 12.The Sound Of Music 音乐之声 13.The Million Pound Bank Note 百万英镑 14.Titanic 泰坦尼克号 15.Death On The Nile 尼罗河上的惨案 16.Love Story 爱情故事 17.Lion King 狮子王 18.Ghost 人鬼情未了 19.the Prince of Egypt 埃及王子 20.Abraham Lincoln 林肯传 21.Pride and Prejudice 傲慢与偏见 22.Toy Story 玩具总动员 23.True Lies 真实的谎言 24.Jurassic Park 朱罗纪公园 25.Lost World 失落的世界
3. Reading and underlining
What would happen to a perfectly honest and intelligent stranger who should be turned adrift in London without a friend, and with no money but a million-pound bank-note, and no way to account for his being in possession of it Would he starve to death or not Would he get arrested if he tried to change it Could he live for a month without being sent to jail
Now read the play and underline all the collocations in the passage. You are asked to copy them into your notebook after class as homework.
Collocations from ACT ONE of The Million Pound Bank-Notean incredible tale 难以置信的故事, have some very bad luck非常倒霉, be lost in London在伦敦迷路, have no money身无分文, walk down the street在街上走, hear … ~ing…听见……正在做某事, step inside走进来, a moment一会儿, through the front door从前门进来, on one’s left在某人的左侧, open the door for…给……开门, permit…to do sth.准许……做, ask a few questions问几个问题, go right ahead请问吧, have no plans没有什么计划, find work找工作, as a matter of fact其实，事实上, land in Britain在英国上岸, by accident偶然, back home在家时, sail out of the bay驾船驶出海湾, stare at眼睛盯着看, towards nightfall接近傍晚时分, find…~ed发现某事/某人被……, be carried out to sea被带到海上, a strong wind一阵大风, give…up for lost因迷失而放弃, be spotted by a ship被一艘海船发现, earn one’s passage by…通过……赚来某人的游费, work as an unpaid hand作为一个不拿工资的帮手, account for…说明理由；足以说明, smile at…相顾而笑, worry about对……担心, work for…为……工作, offer sb. sth.提供某人某物, a mining company一家矿业公司, to be honest老实说, on one’s way在……的路上, care about…在意……, get… from…从……拿来, call to…叫……来, an honest job老老实实的工作, show…out送……出去, in an hour and a half一个半小时以后
4. Reading, identifying and settling
Attention, please! It is time to skim the play one more time and identify the difficult sentences. Try analyzing the structures of the difficult sentences and discuss them among your group members. You may also put your questions to me for help.
5. Reading and transferring
Write down all the verb phrases from the text, in order of the events happening to Henry Adams.
What does Henry Adams do
step inside, come and sit down…
IV. Closing down
Closing down by doing exercises
In the last five minutes let’s do the comprehension exercises 1 and 2 on page 19. Check your answers against your neighbour’s when you have finished.
Closing down by translating
To end the period you are going to put the following into English.
百万英镑 The Million Pound Note富豪之家的两兄弟，从银行取出面额为一百万英镑的钞票，籍以此验证各自的理论。一个认为，这样一张钞票对穷人毫无价值；另一个认为，仅拥有这样一张钞票（不兑现），就可以过上上等人的生活。他们选中了一个身无分文的年轻人作为试验品。于是，这个小伙子经济上的突变，引起了生活方式的改变。他人的种种误解，命运的重重转机，他将如何去面对这突如其来的全新生活呢？
Additional Materials
Complete the summary of the story with one word in each blank.SCENES 3, ACT ONE of 1000000 BANK NOTEHenry Adams, an American 1 , one day found himself lost in 2 . In fact, he had his own boat in the 3 of San Francisco, U.S.A. and had been carried out to sea by a strong 4 while sailing out of the bay. Luckily, he was 5 by a ship bound for Britain and landed there. Hungry and penniless, now he was 6 down the street when he was called into a room, where two brothers were making a bet. Then he was treaded with so many strange 7 —how well do you know about London how much money do you have …that he thought they were making fun of him. But later, he was given an 8 with a letter as well as 9 in it and was told not to open until 10 . Although he didn’t quite understand why the two brothers did that, he made it promise to do what they had asked him to and made his way direct to a restaurant after he left the room.(Key: 1. businessman 2. London 3. city 4. wind 5. spotted 6. walking 7. questions 8. envelope 9. money 10. 2 o’clock)
Comprehension questions1. What did happen to Mr. Adams before he land in Britain A. He just sailed out of the bay for a travel B. He planned to go to Britain by his own boat.His boat was broken by a strong wind. His boat was carried out to sea by a strong wind.2. What does “spot” mean in the text A. discover B. a point C. a place D. save3. What did Mr. Adams feel when he heard one of the brothers saying “What luck! Brother! What luck!” A. He felt he was lucky, too. B. He thought they laughed at him.C. He was a bit of angry and is ready to leave. He felt the two brothers would help him.4. What the character did Mr. Adams have according to the passage A. A young, kind but silly person. B. A young, proud and hard-working man.C. A careful, kind and poor man. D. A young, rich and happy man.5. What did Mr. Adams ask for from the two brothers A. A house to stay for a short moment. B. A letter with a bank note worth million pound in it.C. An honest job. D. Charity from the two brothers.(Keys: DACBC)
Notes to some difficult sentences1. A rich person gives you a large amount of money to use as you like. What will you do with if 一个有钱人给了你一大笔钱让你随意花，你会拿它做些什么？a large amount of 常用于修饰不可数名词，有时也可用于修饰可数名词。如：Now he has a large amount of money. He can do anything he wants with it.现在他有了一大笔钱，他就可以做他想做的事了。No amount of lies can cover it up. 再多的谎言也掩盖不了这点。do with 对待；处理；处置。如：“What have you done with the waste paper？”咱们怎么处理这些废纸。2. Have you ever made a bet with a friend？If so, what did you bet on 你和你的朋友打过赌吗？如果打过，赌的是什么？make a bet 打赌。如：We made a bet on the outcome of the next horse race. 我们就下次赛马的结果打了个赌。I made a bet that we would win the football match. 我打赌我们会赢那场足球赛。bet 用作名词，表示agreement to risk money, etc on an event of which the result is doubtful 赌博。make a bet 类似的短语：have a bet 打赌win/ lose a bet 打赌赢/输了accept/ take up a bet 同意打赌the money, etc risked in this way (金钱等) 赌注。用作动词，表示：1）risk (money) on a race or some other event of which the result is doubtful打赌;赌博。Mrs. Black spent all her money betting on horses. 布莱克夫人把她所有的钱都花在了赌马上。2）I bet… = (informal) I’m certain…我肯定。I bet he’s gone to swimming –he loves it. 我敢肯定他去游泳了，他喜欢这项运动。3. Have you ever read the story “The Million Pound Band-Note” 你读过“百万英镑”这个故事吗？“The Million Pound Band-Note” 《百万英镑》，是美国作家马克·吐温的短篇小说。大意是一个流落伦敦街头的穷光蛋忽然得到了一张百万英镑的钞票，他的生活由此而改变，人们的态度也随着钞票的得而复失、失而复得而做180度的大转弯，讽刺了赤裸裸的拜金主义。4. Now ladies and gentlemen, you are about to hear the most incredible tale.女士们，先生们，你们将要听到一个最令人难以置信的故事。be about to do 正要（即将）做某事Just as I was about to leave the room, the telephone rang. 我正要离开房间，电话铃响了。He was about to say something when he saw her winking at him. 他刚要开口，突然看到她在向自己使眼色。incredible (adj.)(informal) difficult to believe; amazing or fantastic 难以置信的；不可思议的；惊人的；奇异的Sally earns an incredible amount of money in that company. 萨莉在那家公司薪水多的惊人。The Gates had an incredible (extremely good) holiday in Greece.盖茨一家在希腊度过了一个极愉快的假日。impossible to believe 不可相信They told us an incredible story! 他们对我们讲了个不可信的故事！incredibly (adv.)to a great degree; extremely or unusually 非常地；极端地；异乎寻常地incredibly hot weather in a way that is difficult to believe; amazingly难以置信地；惊人地Incredibly, no one had ever thought of such a simple idea before.真是难以置信，这样简单的主意竟然没有人想到。5. He is lost in London. 他在伦敦迷了路。be lost迷路；倾心于某事。如：He was lost in the forest for three days and nights and was finally rescued by his friends.他迷失在树林里三天三夜，最后被朋友们救了出来。He was lost in reading his book that he forget the time of his train.他看书入了神，把上火车的时间都忘了。6. Permit me to lead the way, sir.先生，请让我来带路吧。permit sb.to do sth. =allow sb to do sth. 准许……做某事 如：Will you permit us to use this room for a meeting this afternoon 你能准许我们今天下午在这个房间开个会吗？Permit me to explain it.容我解释一下。She won’t permit her dogs to enter this yard. 她不允许她的狗进这个院子。但要注意“准许做某事”应当是permit doing, 不是permit to do。如：The rules of the club don’t permit smoking. 俱乐部的规矩是不允许吸烟。permit sth. =allow sth. to exist, happen, or to be done (very formal)许可、容许（某事物）存在、发生或被（某人）做（非常正式）The prisoners were permitted two hours’ outdoor exercise a day. 犯人每天允许有两个小时的户外运动。7. I wonder, Mr. Adams, if you’d mind us asking a few questions. 亚当斯先生，不知你是否介意我们问几个问题。I wonder whether (if ) you…是表示委婉请求的句式，用于较为正式的场合。译为：不知您是否……… whether (if) you mind us asking a few questions 在句中作wonder的宾语从句，该句中的（mind us）asking a few questions为动名词的复合结构在句中能做动词mind的宾语。“名词所有格/形容词性物主代词+doing”为动名词（-ing形式）的复合结构，该结构在句中能做主语、表语和宾语。用作主语：Sophia’s having seen them did not surprise us. 索菲亚看见了他们，这并不使我们感到惊讶。用作宾语: Excuse my interrupting you. 请原谅我打断你的话。用作表语：What worried the child most was his not being allowed to visit his mother in the hospital. 使那孩子焦虑不安的是不允许他到医院探望他的妈妈。在现代英语中，动名词复合结构用作宾语时，其名词多用通格，形容词性物主代词也多用代词的宾格。mind us asking…就属这种情况。再如：I hate people being unhappy. 我不意人们不快乐。Please say noting about us calling. 请不要（对别人）说我们来拜访的事。8. As a matter of fact, I landed in Britain by accident.事实上，我在英国上岸是偶然的。as a matter of fact=in fact实际上；事实上。如：He appears to be in very good health but as a matter of fact，he suffers from a weak heart. 他好象很健康，实际上他的心脏很不好。I didn’t go to the club yesterday. As a matter of fact, I haven’t been there for a long time. 我昨天没有去俱乐部，实际上，我已很长时间没有去那里了。by accident 偶然地。如：By accident, he found the place where his brother had hidden the treasure. 他偶然发现了他弟弟藏宝藏的地方。9.About a month ago I was sailing out of the bay—(his eyes stare at what is left of the brothers’ dinner on the table) 大约一个月前，我扬帆驶出了海湾—（他的眼睛盯在桌子上兄弟俩剩下的残羹剩菜上。）stare at 盯着瞧，凝视。如：It is not polite to stare at other people.盯着看别人是不礼貌的。Don’t stare at me! I am not to blamed! 别盯着我！不该怪我！10. The next morning I’d about given myself up for lost when I was spotted by a ship. 第二天早上，我正感到绝望的时候，一艘船发现了我。spot 做动词时有“认出”的意思。如：He is very tall and can be easily spotted in the crowed. 他很高，在人群中一眼就能看见。The thief was spotted by the police as he was leaving the bank. 那小偷离开银行时被警察发现了。11. And it was the ship that brought you to England. 正是那艘船把你带到了英国。该句为强调句，其句型为“It was +被强调的部分+that +句子的剩余部分”。It was in this room that Lu Xun once lived. 这就是鲁迅生前曾经住过的房间。Was it because his mother was ill that he didn’t go to school 他不来上学是因为他妈妈病了吗？When was it that the club was set up 这个俱乐部的成立是什么时候？12. I earned my passage by working as an unpaid band, which accounts for my appearance.我是作为一个不拿工资的帮手赚来我的船费的，这就是我为什么会衣冠不整的原因了。该句中which accounts for my appearance 是非限定性定语从句，which代表了前面的整个句子。earn one’s passage 挣取旅费。如：He couldn’t afford the fare, and so he had to earn his passage by doing jobs on the ship. 他交不起船费，只得靠在船上做些零活来挣取路费。account for : be the explanation of sth.; explain the cause of sth 做某事的解释；解释某事物的原因。His illness accounts for his absence. 他因病缺席。Please account for your own conduct. 请你对自己的行为作出解释。13. Well, to be honest, I have none. 哦，老实说，我一分钱都没有了。to be honest 老实说；说实话。如：I wouldn’t buy that house, to be honest. It’s too close to the main road.说实话，我不会去买那所房子。它离大路太近。To be honest, red is not your colour. 说实话，你穿红色不好看。14. It’ll cost a tiny bit. 这得多花点儿钱啦。a tiny bit 不多；很少。课文中用的是讽刺语，意为“得破费些钱”。15. Well, we will have to take a chance. 哦，我们要赌一把了。take a/ the/ chance/ chances 碰运气；冒风险。如：We mustn’t take chances. We’d better play safe. 我们不要冒险，我们最好求稳。We decided to take a chance on the weather and have the party outdoors. 我们决定与老天爷赌一把，在户外聚会。
【高考链接】宾语从句宾语从句在句中作及物动词或介词（如except，but，besides等）的宾语。I know nothing about her except that she lives next door. 我只知道她住在隔壁房间。注：（1）主句的谓语是make，find，see，hear等，且带有复合宾语时，可把宾语从句置于宾补之后，用it作形式宾语。I find it necessary that we practice spoken English every day.我发现每天练习英语口语是必要的。（2）许多描述情感的形容词（happy，glad，afraid，pleased，sorry，surprised等），或表示确信无疑的形容词（certain，sure等）后可带宾语从句。I’m afraid （that）we’ve sold out of tickets.对不起，我们的票已经卖完了。（3）在表思想和感觉的动词（believe，imagine，suppose，think，expect等）之后，可以把从句上的否定形式转移到这些谓语动词上来。I don't believe she’ll arrive before 7. 我不相信她会在7点以前到达。二、直接引语和间接引语。直接引语——引述别人的原话，放在引号内。间接引语——用自己的话转述别人的意思，不用引号，常用宾语从句表达。(1)陈述句变为以that（常可省略）引导的宾语从句。He said，“I am very glad.”他说：“我很高兴。”He said that he was very glad.他说他很高兴。（2）一般疑问句变为以if（whether）引导的宾语从句。一般地，if和 whether引导宾语从句时可换用。I don't know whether（if） you can help me.我不知道你是否能帮助我。但下列情况一般用whether，不用if。1)后面紧跟or not时。 Mary asked me whether or not she should come.玛丽问我她是否应该来。2)介词之后时。She was worried about whether she passed the exam她担心考试是否及格了。3）动词discuss、argue等之后时。We discussed whether we should send the students to the conference.我们讨论是否派学生去参加会议。4）与不定式连用时。She is not sure whether to stay or not. 她不能确定是否留下。5）宾语从句置于句首时。Whether he lives there，I want to know. 我想知道她是否住在那儿。6）可能造成歧义时。Let me know whether you can come. 告诉我你是否能来。(若用if，除了上述宾语从句意义外，还可理解成条件状语从句，译为：如果你要来，请通知我。)（3）特殊疑问句变为以wh-/h-等疑问词引导的宾语从句。（注意从句要用陈述句语序）He said,“where is Mr Green？”他说：“格林先生在哪？”He asked where Mr Green was. 他问格林先生在哪里。在名词性从句中，what既引导该从句，又在其中作句子成分时，what常可转换成the thing（s）+that定语从句。She told me what she had done .（宾语从句）She told me the things that she had done.（定语从句）她告诉我她做了什么。三、宾语从句谓语动词的时态。(1)若主句谓语动词为一般现在时和一般将来时，宾语从句的动词可根据句意用任何时态。Will you tell me how you learned English well？告诉我你怎么学好英语的好么？I think he’ ll be back in an hour.我想一小时后他会回来的。(2)若主句谓语动词为过去时时，从句的动词需用跟过去有关的时态。I thought they were having lessons我想他们正在上课。She said she had done her homework她说她已做完作业。（3）宾语从句表达客观真理，不论主句是什么时态，从句都用一般现在时。The teacher told us light travels faster than sound老师告诉我们光的速度比声音快。【高考链接】1.—What did you parents think about your decision —They always let me do _____ I think I should. （06 全国Ⅱ）A. when B. that C. how D. what 2. Please remind me ______ he said he was going. I may be in time to see him off. （06 全国Ⅰ） A. where B. when C. how D. what3.—Could you do me a favor （06 北京） —It depends on _____ it is. A. which B whichever C. how D. whatever4. With his work completed, the businessman stepped back to his seat, feeling pleased ______ he was a man of action. (06 湖南)A. which B. that C. what D. whether5. We haven’t settled the question of ____ it is necessary for him to study abroad. (06 江苏)A. if B. where C. whether D. that6. The shopkeeper did not want to sell for ______ he thought was not enough. （05山东卷）A. where B. how C. what D. which7. I was surprised by her words, which made me recognize ___ silly mistakes I had made. （05湖南卷）A. what B. that C. how D. which 8. The way he did it was different we were used to. (05江西卷) A．in which B．in what C．from what D．from which 9. The poor young man is ready to accept ___________ help he can get. （05全国卷3）A．whichever B．however C．whatever D．whenever 10. Mary wrote an article on the team had failed to win the game. （05全国卷1） A．why B．what C．who D．that 11 A computer can only do ____you have instructed it to do. （NMET 2001）A. How B. after C. what D. when 12 Someone is ringing the doorbell Go and see____.（2000 上海）A .who is he B. who he is C. who is it D. who it is13. It is generally considered unwise to give a child____ he or she wants. （NMET 1997）A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever14. The mother didn’t know ____to blame for the broken glass as it happened while she was out. (NMET 2002)A. who B. when C. how D. what 15.——We haven’t heard from Jane for a long time.——What do you consider ____to her （NMET 1990）A. was happening B. to happen C .has happened D. happening【巩固练习】1.－Would you tell me _____ you want your tea, with sugar or milk －Sugar, please. A. whether B. when C. what D. how2. At last the soldiers reached ______ the locals called the Golden Triangle. A. that B. where C. when D. what3.－It seems that he has succeeded at last in the USA.－Yeah, but you can never imagine ______.A. what a hard life he has experienced B. what he has experienced a hard life.C. he has experienced what a hard life. D. what a hard life has he experienced.4. －Really, I don’t know ____ to join the army or to find a job after my graduation.－Why don’t you _____ your parents’ advice They will surely help you. A. if; take B. whether; follow C. if ; give D. whether; seek5. Many of the creatures in Rowling’s world are not real, and much of ______ happens is strange. A. which B. that C. what D. it 6. I told Jim jokingly that his painting looked like a mess from _____ I was. A. where B. what C. how D. that7. The chief manager has decided to put ______ he thinks is energetic, clever, and has good qualities in the position of the leadership of the company. A. those who B. anyone C. whomever D. whoever8. Native Americans from the southeastern part of ______ is now the United States believed that the universe in which they lived was made up of three worlds. A. that B. which C. where D. what9. He’d like to know what ____today.A the weather looks B does the weather lookC the weather looks like D does the weather look like10. Can you tell me____ A. who is that gentleman B. that gentleman is whoC. who that gentleman is D. whom is that gentleman11. I think he is a dishonest man，____？A do I B don't I C is he D isn’t 12. The student asked ____who had done____.A. how we can find it out; it B how we can find out; it C. how we could find it out; it D. how we could find out; it13.The headmaster asked_____.A. that the gate was locked B. why the gate was lockedC when the gate was locked D. how was the gate locked14. No one will be sure _____in a million years.A what man will look like B what will man look likeC man will look like what D what look will man like（MEＴ1991）15.Can you make sure_____ the golden ring？A. where Alice had put .B. where Alice has put C. where had Alice put D. where has Alice put16.---Do you remember____ he came ---Yes, I do. He came by car.A. how B. when C. that D. if17. You can’t imagine ____when they received the nice gift.A. how they were excited B. how excited they wereC. how excited were they D. they were how excited18.These wild flowers are so special I would do ____I can to save them.A. whatever B. that C. which .D. whichever19. --- What did the doctor say about your mother’s illness --- He suggested that she _____ an operation at once.A. must have B. had C. have D. had had20. I think Father would like to know ____ I’ve been up to so far, so I decide to send him a quick note. A. which B. what C. why D. how【答案及解析】 【高考链接】1. D 本题考查名词性从句。其中do 就是一个关键词。2. B 题干中第二个句子提供了关键的信息：be in time to do sth. 能赶得上做某事；不耽误做某事。3. C B项whichever = any（one）of … that（在一定范围中的任一个）和D项whatever = anything that（任何事情）都不符合句意，故排除。干扰项为A项，考生需要了解which 和what 的区别，比较：The question is which of us should go.(有范围) That’s what he is worrying about.(what = the thing(s) that ) 因此该题选C。4. B. 根据句子的结构，pleased 后应接宾语从句，he was a man of action是一个完整的句子，故选that，that没有任何意义，只起连接作用。5. C. 根据句意排除B、D。介词of后面用宾语从句时，只用whether，不用if。6. C 7. A 8.C 9.C 10. A 11. C本题需填一个既能引导一个宾语从句同时又能在该从句中充当（to do）宾语的关联词，能担当此任的只有what一词。12. D本题考查宾语从句的语序。无论名词性从句是陈述句，还是疑问句，它的语序应为陈述语序。13. B whatever在此既是主句宾语，又是从句宾语。 14. A本题考查引导宾语从句的关联词的含义。15. C本题结构为“特殊疑问词+do you think/believe/consider/suppose/guess/imagine等+ 宾语从句的其它部分”。为使复杂句简单化，最好将do you think等看作插入语，做题时不予考虑。know不用于此句型。【巩固练习】1. D 此题考查宾语从句，从句中含有主、谓、宾成分，且有一个伴随状语，所以用how来引导。2. D 此题考查宾语从句，从句中含有主语the locals和宾语补足语the Golden Triangle，但缺少宾语，所以D正确。3. A 此题考查宾语从句，且宾语从句里a hard life又被强调，所以A正确。4. D 此题考查宾语从句及动词的搭配。Whether…or…为固定结构，排除A、C；seek one’s advice意为“征求某人的意见”。5. C 考查宾语从句。What happens = something that happens作介词of的宾语，what 在宾语从句中作主语。6. A where I was作介词from的宾语。From where I was在句中作地点状语，相当于from the place where I was。7.D 考查宾语从句。A选项应改为those who he thinks are …， and have…；B 选项应改为anyone who…；从句中he thinks 为插入语，从句缺主语，排除C。whoever引导的从句作put 的宾语，相当于anyone who。8. D 考查宾语从句。What is now the United States 作介词of 的宾语，what 在从句中作主语，相当于a place that…。9.C 10.C 11.D 12.D 13.B 14.A 15.B 16.A 17. B 18. A 19. C 20. B 表语从句从属连词that（一般不省略为好），whether（不用if），as if（though）等引导的表语从句。The reason（ why ） she hasn't come is that（此处不可用because）she has to send her mother to a hospital.她没来是因为她必须送母亲去医院。 The question is whether the work is worth doing. 问题是这项工作是否值得做。It looks as if it is going to rain. 天好像要下雨似的。连接代词what，which，who，whom，whose等引导的表语从句。This is what I want to say. 这就是我想说的。连接副词when，where，how，why等引导的表语从句。This is how we overcome the difficulties. 这就是我们克服困难的方法。【高考链接】1 —I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week .—Is that_____ you had a few days off？（NMET1999）A. why B .what C. when D. where 2 .I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella ____I got wet through. （1998 上海）A. It’s the reason B. That’s why C. There’s why D. It’s how3. What the doctors really doubt is ____ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon. (2001上海春)A. when B. how C. whether D. why4. See the flags on top of the building That was ______ we did this morning. （06 全国Ⅰ）A. when B. which C. where D. what5. Perseverance is a kind of quality---and that’s ______ it takes to do anything well.(2002上海)A. what B.that C. which D. why6. --- Are you still thinking about yesterday’s game (2003北京春) ---Oh, that’s _____.A. what makes me feel excited B. whatever I feel excited aboutC. how I feel about it D. when I feel excited7. You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is _____ I disagree.(2004全国）A. why B. where C. what D. how8. What surprised me was not what he said but ______ he said it.（2004湖北）A. the way B. in the way that C. in the way D. the way which9. Great changes have taken place in that school. It is no longer ______ it was 20 years ago, _____ it was so poorly equipped.（2005安徽）A. what; when B. that; which C. what; which D. which; that10. The place ______ the bridge is supposed to be built should be ______ the cross-river traffic is the heaviest.（2005江苏）A. which; where B. at which; which C. at which; where D. which; in which【巩固练习】1. The point is ____ we will have our sports meet next week.A. that B. if C. when D. whether2．The reason why he failed is ____he was too careless.A. because B. that C. for D. because of3. Go and get your coat. It’ s ____you left itA. where B. there C. there where D. where there4．The problem is ____to take the place of TedA. who can we get B. what we can getC. who we can get D. that we can get5．____your father wants to know is____ getting on with your studies.A. what； how are you B. That；how you are C. How；that you are D. What；how you are6. This is____ they call the Bird Island and____ we’ll stay.A. where; what B. what；where C. how；where D. why；the place where7. You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is ____ I disagree.A. why B. where C. what D. how8. _______ makes the school famous is _____ more than 90% of the students have been admitted to universities.A. What; because B. That; because C. That; what D. What; that9. He’s _____ as a “ bellyacher” –-- he’s always complaining about something.A. who is known B. whom is known C. what is known D. which is known10. – Are you firmly against any independence move by Taiwan -- Of course. That is ____ our basic interest lies.A. why B. when C. where D. what【汉译英】 1. 实际上，他应对这次事故负责。2. 头痛是她情绪不佳的原因。3. 老师不允许我们在这条河里游泳。 4. 他发现自己被一群男孩子围着。5. 我意外地在拥挤的公共汽车中遇见我可爱的女孩。【答案及解析】【高考链接】1. A 该题考查引导表语从句从属连词的用法。what引导从句时在从句中充当主语或宾语填入该题中出现语法错误，应先排除；其它项都可以在表语从句中作状语，填入句中从单句看语法和意义都正确，但第一个会话者的说话内容正是第二个会话者所询问的“you had a few days off”的原因，故选A。2. B That’s why引导的表语从句常译为“这就是为什么……”或“这就是……的原因”。通常在前面已经说明了原因的前提下，再用此句型强调由于某种原因所造成的结果。本题第一句是原因，第二句是结果。3. C 医生怀疑的是我母亲“是否”能恢复健康。4. D that 指“把旗子竖起来那件事”。What 引导名词性从句(表语), 在主句中作表语, 在从句中作did 的宾语。5. A 这是一个表语从句，what在表语中作take的宾语。6. A 本题除了考虑语法的正确性以外，还得考虑语境，所填内容是回答问题的。7. B你总是说人人都应该平等，而在这一点上我不同意你的看法。8. A was not…but…并列两个表语成分，the way引导定语从句时，关系代词可用in which，that或省略不用，该题为省略了关系代词的用法。9. A what引导表语从句，“所……的样子（一切）”，what相当于先行词+定语从句。when引导非限制性定语从句，指20 years ago。10. C此句考查的是从句用法。第二个从句是表语从句，从句中缺状语。故排除B。此处at which=where。【巩固练习】1D 2.B 3A 4C 5D 6B 7. B 8. D 9. C 10. D 【汉译英】 1. As a matter of fact, he was responsible for the accident. 2. Her headache accounts for her bad humor.3. The teacher didn’t permit us to swim in this river. 4. He found himself surrounded by a group of boys.5. I met my lovely girl by accident in a crowded bus.
- 14 -Unit 1 Festival around the world
Part 1: Teaching Design
(第一部分：教学设计)
Period 3: A sample lesson plan for Using Language
(A SAD LOVE STORY)
Aims
To help students read the passage A SAD LOVE STORY
To help students to use the language by reading, listening, speaking and writing
Procedures
I. Warming up by talking about “carnival.”
What is a carnival 1. The period of merrymaking and feasting celebrated just before Lent. 2. A traveling amusement show usually including rides, games, and sideshows. A festival or revel: winter carnival.carnival, communal celebration, especially the religious celebration in Catholic countries that takes place just before Lent ( http: / / www. / main / ntquery method=4&dsid=2040&dekey=Lent&gwp=8&curtab=2040_1" \t "_top ). Since early times carnivals have been accompanied by parades, masquerades, pageants, and other forms of revelry that had their origins in pre-Christian pagan rites, particularly fertility rites that were connected with the coming of spring and the rebirth of vegetation. In recent times, the term carnival has also been loosely applied to include local festivals, traveling circuses, bazaars, and other celebrations of a joyous nature, regardless of their purpose or their season.
II. Listening
There is a big and famous carnival in Trinidad every February. Li Mei and Wu Ping are there. Listen to the tape and answer the questions on page 6.
III. Speaking
You have visited America and you have returned home to China. You are phoning your friend in America to thank him for the visit. These expressions might help you.
Could/ Would you please… I’d love to…
It’s very kind of you… I look forward to…
Thank you very much/ Thanks a lot. It was a pleasure…
You’re most welcome. Don’t mention it.
1. Reading and underlining
Next you are to read and underline all the useful expressions or collocations in the passage A SAD LOVE STORY. Copy them to your notebook after class as homework.
Collocations from A SAD LOVE STORY
meet sb. at the coffee shop在咖啡店遇到某人, after work下班后, turn up突然出现；到场；调低（收音机等）, right now, laugh at 嘲笑, keep one’s word守信用；履行诺言, look forward to ~ing期待做某事, all day整天, be alone with sb.与某人在一起, be like a fool像个傻瓜, hold one’s breath屏息；屏气, drown one’s sadness in coffee, it is obvious that…显然……, wait for…to leave等待……离开, wipe the table擦桌子, sit down坐下, turn on the TV打开电视, a weaving girl织女, a herd boy牛郎, fall in love with与……相爱, get married secretly秘密结婚, be married to sb.嫁给/娶了某人, become angry变得生气, return to Heaven, cross the river过河, once a year一年一次, make… of…, on the seventh day of the seventh lunar month每年七月初七, hear about听说, set off for home动身回家, throw… away, remind sb. of…提醒某人想起……, pass… on the corner on one’s way home在回家路上, hear…~do/ ~ing, wave at sb. 向某人挥手, have a gift for sb.给某人一个礼物 a happy Valentine’s Day一个快乐情人节
2. Speaking
Turn to page 8 and with a partner, find the answers to the questions:
1 Why did Li Fang feel like a fool →Because he was alone and heart-broken.
2 What was Li Fang afraid that Hu Jin was doing →She could be with her friends laughing at him.
3 How did Li Fang know the manager wanted to shut the coffee shop →He saw the manager wipe the tables, sit down and turn on the TV.
4 Why do people want the weather to be fine on Qiqiaojie →Because if it rains Zhinu would weep and the couple wouldn’t be able to meet.
5 What is the reason why Li Fang and Hu Jin did not meet on time →For Li Fang had gone to the wrong place to meet Hu Jin. They should meet at the tea shop.
6 Why was Li Fang so worried at the end of the story →Because he had no gifts for Hu Jin.
3. Acting
Next we are going to put the text A Sad Love Story on stage, that is, to play the story.
IV. Guided writing
1. Writing an imagined and different ending to the story of Li Fang, beginning with:
As he sadly passed the tea shop on the corner on his way…
2. Writing a description
To inform the foreigners of the Chinese culture, you are to write a description of Qiqiaojie in English. You may begin like this:
Love story for this day is about the 7th daughter of Emperor of Heaven and an orphaned cowherd. They were separated by the Emperor. The 7th daughter was forced to move to the star Vega and the cowherd moved to the star Altair. They were allowed to meet only once a year on the day of 7th day of 7th lunar month.
V. Further applying
1. Finding information
Go to the library to read or get online to search in order to find more information on festivals and celebrations. Take notes of your findings and report them to your group mates next period.
2. Writing letters
Write a letter either to Zhinu or Niulang, telling about the modern life and the modern love.
VI. Closing down
Closing down by filling a form
Make use of the text and others to fill in the form.
TWO SAD LOVE STORIES
OF Li Fang and Hu Jin Of Niulang and Zhinu
Closing down by describing the stars of Vega and Altair
To end this period, I am going to ask you to write a short passage to describe to the class the two stars of Vega and Altair which are related to Qiqiaojie, the Chinese Valentine’s Day.Unit 2 Healthy eating
Part 1: Teaching Design
（第一部分：教学设计）
Period 3: A sample lesson plan for Using Language
(COME AND EAT HERE<2>)
Aims
To learn more about food and eating from the passage COME AND EAT HERE (2)
To learn to use the language by reading, listening, speaking and writing
Procedures
I. Warming up
Warming up by listening and reading aloud
WHY READ ALOUD
develops a positive attitude toward books as a source of pleasure and information; increases vocabulary; expands the students’ knowledge base; stimulates imagination; sharpens observation skills; enhances listening skills; promotes self-confidence and self-esteem; offers many new friends since book characters can become quite real; contributes to the students’ problem-solving skills; satisfies and heightens curiosity; encourages positive social interaction.
II. Guided reading
1. Reading and underlining
You are to read and underline all the useful expressions or collocations in the passage. Copy them into your notebook after class as homework.
Collocations from COME AND EAT HERE(2)feel happy感到快乐, earn one’s living谋生, after all毕竟, look forward to doing期待做……, be in debt负债, no longer不再, look happy看上去高兴, glare at盯着看, only to do（出乎意料之外的结果）却……, spy on窥视, advertise the benefits of…宣传……的好处, enjoy the dumplings享用饺子, serve sb.伺候/服务/招待某人, look ill看上去有病, feel sick with…因……而感到恶心, heavy food难消化的食物, enjoy a second plate of dumplings再享用一盘饺子, get tired变累, rest a lot休息很久, feel healthy感觉健康, chat about…闲聊……, offer a balanced diet提供平衡膳食, offer enough fibre提供足够的纤维, body-building or energy-saving foods强健体魄或有能量的食物, provide a balanced menu提供平衡菜谱, cut down the fat减少油腻, increase the fibre增加纤维, turn into变成, get married结婚, live happily幸福地生活
2. Doing exercises
Now you are to do exercises following the text on page 15.
III. Guided speaking——Talking with foreigners about Chinese food
Suppose you are showing some American visitors around your city. Tell them about Chinese food.
You American visitors
There's a joke about Cantonese food that is often told: They cook everything with four legs except the table and everything that flies except the airplane… The Chinese people love to eat and spend a lot of time eating. It is surprising to us that people eat out so much -- not only in restaurants, but in little shops for breakfast, lunch, and dinner. Some of the little shops have a few chairs, some not. Many people set up shops on the sidewalk, often with facilities for simple cooking.
IV. Guided Writing
In pairs, discuss what makes an enjoyable Chinese meal. Then make two Chinese menu, the one from the south is given below. Make one from North China.
An example：Fried eggs with tomatoes
Ingredients: 4 eggs, 2 tomatoes, 50 gram peanut oil, proper amount of salt, gourmet powder and chopped scallions.
Cooking methods:
Firstly break the egg shells, put ale egg white and yolk into a bowl and stir them with salt, gourmet powder and the chopped scallions. Secondly wash the tomatoes carefully and cut them into dices of about 4 centimeters. Then put the tomato dices into the mixture of eggs. Finally when the ingredients are ready, put the frying oven on the gas-stove to heat the oil. When the oil is hot enough, pour the egg liquid together with the tomato dices into the oven. Turn over the egg liquid and tomato dices as quickly as you can until the tomato dices are done.
This dish has three different colours: red, yellow and green. It is fragrant and delicious with a bit of sour flavour. It is rich in protein and vitamin C.
中餐英文菜谱
烤乳猪 Roast whole suckling pig
特色五福拼盘 Special five varieties
葡国碳烧肉Portuguese roast pork
脆皮靓烧鸡Crispy chicken
湛江皇后水晶鸡Zhanjiang Crystal chicken
金牌回香鸡Golden tasty chicken
盐香脆皮鸡Salty crispy chicken
高州葱油先鸡Gaozhou style shallot favour Chicken
蜜汁碳烧叉烧Honey charcoal pork
碳烧靓排骨Charcoal spare ribs
骨香乳鸽Tasty baby pigeon
锦绣烧味拼盘Assorted barbecue meat
新派卤水拼盘New style soy sauce stewed meat
新派卤水掌翼New style soy sauce stewed goose wing and feet
新派卤水大肠头New style soy sauce stewed pig’s intestine
新派卤水肚仔New style soy sauce stewed pig’s stomach
新派卤水脚仔New style soy sauce stewed pig’s hoof
盐焗肾片Baked salty chicken kidney
凉拌海蜇Marinated cold jelly fish
刀拍黄瓜Marinated cold cucumber
小食类Entree
日式海蜇Japanese style Jelly Fish
日式八爪鱼Japanese style Octopus
凉拌青瓜Marinated cold cucumber
凉拌粉皮Marinated cold bean pasty
蒜香肾片Garlic taste kidney
蒜香猪耳仔Garlic taste pig’s ear
麻辣凤爪Spicy hot chicken feet
琥珀核桃Deep fried walnut in Syrup
V. Further applying —Acting a text play
Turn either one of the two articles into a text play. Rehearse it and play it in front of the class. The play shall last at least 10 minutes.
VI. Closing down by reading more about eating