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课件36张PPT。冠词与名词 冠词一、冠词的分类：不定冠词：a, an定冠词：the __ one-way street __ useful book __ European __ apple __ hour __“f” a a a an an an a 用于辅音开头的单词前
an 用于元音开头的单词或
单独的字母前二。可数名词前必须有冠词，不可数名词及复数表类别用零冠词。Jumping out of ______ airplane at ten thousand feet is quite ______ exciting experience. ( 02 全国）
A. / ; the B. /; an C. an; an D. the; theThe old naturalist was devoted to bringing out ____ secret of __ nature all his life. ( 徐州质检）
A. the; the B. the; / C. /; the D. /;/CBI need ___ dictionary.
The two boys are of ___ age.
They were caught in __ heavy rain.
__ Mr. Li is asking to see you at the school gate.
A knife is ___ tool for cutting with.
The experiment is __ failure.
Many __ student are lovely.
a a a a a anA 用于第一次提到的单数可数名词前,意为’一个’表示“同一”，相当于the same在独一无二的事物，或自然现象，或表示季节，
月份，日期，三餐等名词前或后有修饰语时用于专有名词之前表示类似的一个或某一个=some泛指单一，每一，任一事物, 指类别抽象名词具体化，物质名词具体化时要用a用于某些固定词组中1. It is ___ world of wonders, ___ world where
anything can happen.
A. a; the B. a; a C. the; a D. /; /
2. ____ red sun is rising.
A. / B. The C. A D. An
3. He had ____ quick lunch and went on
working.
A. the B. / C. a D. an定冠词也可指类别，它们的区别是：1) A horse is a domestic animal. 2) The horse is a domestic animal. 3) Horses are domestic animals. a(n) 侧重于指类别中任何一个的特点。the指的是整个类别，这个类别是可以区别于另一个类别的。不用冠词的复数名词侧重指类别中的许多个体。不可数名词的具体化，成为可数名词It is _______ great pleasure to go to ____ cinema after a week’s hard work.
a; the B. the; a C. a; a D. the; the
1.The party was _____ failure, which was unexpected.
2.His son has been ____ disappointment to him.
3. He looked at us in ____ surprise.
4. He meant to give us _____ surprise. a a a/ excitement, joy, sorrow, horror, disappointment, success, failure，knowledge beauty a beauty
youth a youth
iron an iron熨斗
glass a glass一个杯子
tea two teas
coffee two coffees5.用于某些固定词组中。如：
1.have a swim/walk/talk/look/quarrel
2.have a cold; have a good time; keep a diary; in a hurry; once in a while; at a loss(不知所措),
for a while; once upon a time; all of a sudden; tell a lie; do sb. a favour; get an education（受教育）；at a mouthful（一口）；at a distance（在远处） 3.what a/such a/quite a/ rather a+单数可数名词；too/as/so/how/however+adj.+a+单数可数名词；
many a+单数可数名词：许多；
not a+单数可数名词：不止一个； half a+单数可数名词：一半。
I received a letter. ___ letter was from England.
Would you mind my opening ____window?
_____Greens are at table.
_____horse is a useful animal.
I like to watch ____ sun rising in the morning.
He lives in ___ north, so go ___ north.
The theTheThethethe/用在重新提及的人或事物名词前双方心中都知晓、明白的名词前用在姓氏复数之前表示全家人或夫妇俩用在单数名词的前面表示一类人或事物用在表示世界上独一无二的事物的名词前east , west, north, south 用作名词时要加
the, 用作副词时则不用；残疾人 瞎子
Children are always looking forward to ____Spring
Festival.
It is ___ first time I have been here.
It’s ___ most important thing I must do now.
____ milk on the table is hers.
20世纪80年代
唐朝
the disabled the blind the in the 1980’s
the Tang DynastythetheThe用在年代、朝代、时代名词前
用在某些形容词或分词前表示一类人用在形容词的最高级前, 比较 most/the most用在序数词前;其后有某种修饰语(如介词短语、定语从句、分词
短语或不定式等)的名词前,表示特定的人或物时与农历有关的节日名词前(即与festival连用时).
序数词前的冠词The cakes are delicious. He’d like to have _____ third one because _____ second one is rather too small .
a; a B. the; the C. a; the D. the; a
2.---Who came out _____ first in the Marathon?
---Michael. He’s always _____ first to reach the line.
the; the B. / ; / C. the; / D. /; the
3.He got __ first prize in mathematics．aCompare:
Our monitor is ___ person who is ready to help others.
Our monitor is ___ person who is dressed in red.
While he was investigating ways to improve the telescope, Newton made _____ discovery which completely changed _____ man’s understanding of color.
A. a; / B. a; the C. the; a D. / ; / 定语从句的先行词要分特指与不特指A a theHe plays ___ violin but gives lessons on ___piano.
We have __ piano in our house.
Eggs are sold by ___dozen.
长江
英吉利海峡
They pulled her by ____ hair.
___ older of the two brothers is my
desk-mate.
同一个人
就是这个人
the Yangtze River
the English Channelthe theathetheThe the same person
the very person用在作为课程或演奏等的乐器名称前,但如果该名词作为普通名词，用不定冠词a／an在only, right, same, very前, just 之后
在表示计量的名词前,但注意 by weight/height..用于江、河、湖泊、山脉、海湾、群岛等地理名称
前。在句型“动词 + sb. + 介词 + the + 身体某一部位
中”, 这些动词有pat, shoot, lead, beat, hit…强调两者之间的比较，常见于the + 比较级+ of the two---联合国
北京大学 the United Nations
Beijing University=
the University of Beijing有普通名词构成的国家，党派等专有名词前，但
注意‘地名+名词’ 结构前不用冠词习惯用语中.(高考词汇)
at the age of, at the beginning of, all over the world, all the best, go to the cinema, make the bed, the day after tomorrow, the day before yesterday, the other day, in the end, the moment, take the place of, on the radio, all the same, by the side of, by the way, on the way, in the habit of, in the charge of, in the possession of, in the middle of零冠词的情况Horses are useful animals.
We elected him head of the workshop.
Mary is my sister.
We have few classes on Saturday.
He studies biology at university.
Water is very important for man.
Where are these books?
have breakfast/ lunch ,play basketball/play chess,
by bus, by train
Child as he is, he is good at calculating.
Shortest as he is, he runs fastest .
He turned teacher.
物质名词或抽象名词前一般不用冠词国名，人名前不用加定冠词称呼语或表头衔的名词(除主语和宾语前)前。泛指复数名词，表示一类人或物时在季节，月份，节日，假日，星期，日期前不用球类，三餐，娱乐运动前不用加冠词，by + 交通工具不用加the学科/语言前, 但English=the English language被物主代词数词指示代词或名词所有格修饰. 在由“普通名词 / adj. + as开始的让步状语从句”
中turn后的单数名词作表语.
man意为“人类‘， word意为”消息“时，其前不用冠词。
2.固定词组：come into use / put… into practice / out of question / at present/
leave school/come to power
五、有冠词和无冠词的区别： at table
at the table
进餐在桌子旁at sea
at the sea
茫然在海上by sea
by the sea乘船在海边in future
in the future
今后在未来on earth
on the earth
究竟在地球上take place
take the place of发生代替in front of
in the front of
在外前面在内部的前面He is in charge of the factory.
The factory is in the charge of him.他负责这家工厂。这家工厂由他负责。（主语是物）
in bed
in the bed睡觉在床上in prison
in the prison坐牢在监狱里in hospital
in the hospital因病住院在医院里（不一定生病）go to bed
go to the bed上床睡觉向床走去（不一定是去睡觉）go to church
go to the church做礼拜去教堂two of us
the two of us
我们当中的2个人我们共两人out of question
out of the question毫无疑问不可能in the distance
at a distance在远处在一定的距离a number of
the number of许多…的数目for a moment
for the moment一会儿目前，暂时in place
in the place适当在……的地方go to school
go to the school去上学（是学生）去学校（不一定是学生）by day
by the day在白天按日计算in possession
in the possession of拥有为…所有in sight of
in the sight of看见据…的见解in future
in the future今后将来be of age
be of an age成年同龄He is still in office.
He is still in the office.他仍在执政。他仍在办公室里。She is in class.
She is in the class.她正在上课。她在那个班。There is still some food in store.
The food is in the store.食物尚有储备。食物在那个仓库里。 名词的所有格英语的名词有三个格：主格，宾格，属格
名词的主格与宾格形式相同，所以又统称为 通格。属格或所有格有三种:
’s 属格，（用来表示有生命的东西）
of 属格，（用来表示无生命的东西） 双重属格属格意为 “的”
1.Dickens’( s) novels
2. Mary and Jane’s car （两人共有）
Mary’s and Jane’s cars （两人各有）
3。表示国家，城市，时间，距离，度量，金钱 等名词，可用 ’s 属格。
5。双重所有格有部分概念或有一定的感彩 6。双重所有格也可以用“of + 名词性物主代词”4。属格后的名词如指商店，家宅等地点时，该名词常省略。 注意：7. 姓氏 + s 表示“…全家 ” 如：the Smiths
而 the Smiths’ 表示“史密斯一家的住所 ”8. 固定词组 a bird’s eye view
a stone’s throw
a hair’s breadth
at one’s wit’s end
in one’s mind’s eye
at arm’s length鸟瞰一箭之遥 间不容发 不知所措 在某人心目中 疏远三十美元的价值
这两个男孩的母亲
查尔斯的工作
中国的工业化
地球的大气层
一天的旅程
Thirty dollars’ value the two boys’ motherCharles’s jobChina’s industrialization the earth’s atmosphere
a day’s journey7。25英镑的重量
8.一英里的距离
9. 一元钱的苹果
10. 我父亲的一位朋友
11. 我叔叔家
12. 理发店
13. 药店
Twenty-five pounds’ weight a mile’s distance a dollar’s worth of apples a friend of my father’s my uncle’s the barber’s the chemist’s 名词的句法功能名词在句子中主要做 主，宾，表，宾补，介词宾语，同位语，状语，定语等成分。You children should keep quiet.
You should help us children. This box weighs 20 kilograms.
The globe measures one metre across.
He watched TV last night.
Wait a moment.
We must get together some day. 名词可修饰另一名词，用作定语，通常表示材料，用途或内容。 a blood type
A dress shop
a gold watch
a room number
a tea cup
a war story
a university student
a table cloth
a flower exhibition复数： two dress shops
two child dancers
Woman, man 修饰名词两者都变
two women doctors
复合名词 变主要名词 n+ -ed 作定语， a three-legged table
a three-wheeled car
a one-eyed man Cf. a color TV
a colored TV_( 能显示彩色图像）（外观是彩色的）名词与数词复合定语 a five-act play
a five acts’ play
a play of five acts 1.Dr. Jones has a ________ daughter.
five-years-old B. five-year-old
C. five years old D. five-year-old
2. Could you please tell me the _________ for Biology 457 and Chemistry 610?
room’s number B. room numbers
C. rooms numbers D. numbers of rooms
3. I will give you ______ to finish it.
two-weeks time B. two week’s time
C. two-week time D. two weeks’ time
DBDThe newly-built library is ____ building.
five-storey B. five storeys
C. five-storeyed D. five storeysC Bye-bye !
an 用于元音开头的单词或
单独的字母前二。可数名词前必须有冠词，不可数名词及复数表类别用零冠词。Jumping out of ______ airplane at ten thousand feet is quite ______ exciting experience. ( 02 全国）
A. / ; the B. /; an C. an; an D. the; theThe old naturalist was devoted to bringing out ____ secret of __ nature all his life. ( 徐州质检）
A. the; the B. the; / C. /; the D. /;/CBI need ___ dictionary.
The two boys are of ___ age.
They were caught in __ heavy rain.
__ Mr. Li is asking to see you at the school gate.
A knife is ___ tool for cutting with.
The experiment is __ failure.
Many __ student are lovely.
a a a a a anA 用于第一次提到的单数可数名词前,意为’一个’表示“同一”，相当于the same在独一无二的事物，或自然现象，或表示季节，
月份，日期，三餐等名词前或后有修饰语时用于专有名词之前表示类似的一个或某一个=some泛指单一，每一，任一事物, 指类别抽象名词具体化，物质名词具体化时要用a用于某些固定词组中1. It is ___ world of wonders, ___ world where
anything can happen.
A. a; the B. a; a C. the; a D. /; /
2. ____ red sun is rising.
A. / B. The C. A D. An
3. He had ____ quick lunch and went on
working.
A. the B. / C. a D. an定冠词也可指类别，它们的区别是：1) A horse is a domestic animal. 2) The horse is a domestic animal. 3) Horses are domestic animals. a(n) 侧重于指类别中任何一个的特点。the指的是整个类别，这个类别是可以区别于另一个类别的。不用冠词的复数名词侧重指类别中的许多个体。不可数名词的具体化，成为可数名词It is _______ great pleasure to go to ____ cinema after a week’s hard work.
a; the B. the; a C. a; a D. the; the
1.The party was _____ failure, which was unexpected.
2.His son has been ____ disappointment to him.
3. He looked at us in ____ surprise.
4. He meant to give us _____ surprise. a a a/ excitement, joy, sorrow, horror, disappointment, success, failure，knowledge beauty a beauty
youth a youth
iron an iron熨斗
glass a glass一个杯子
tea two teas
coffee two coffees5.用于某些固定词组中。如：
1.have a swim/walk/talk/look/quarrel
2.have a cold; have a good time; keep a diary; in a hurry; once in a while; at a loss(不知所措),
for a while; once upon a time; all of a sudden; tell a lie; do sb. a favour; get an education（受教育）；at a mouthful（一口）；at a distance（在远处） 3.what a/such a/quite a/ rather a+单数可数名词；too/as/so/how/however+adj.+a+单数可数名词；
many a+单数可数名词：许多；
not a+单数可数名词：不止一个； half a+单数可数名词：一半。
I received a letter. ___ letter was from England.
Would you mind my opening ____window?
_____Greens are at table.
_____horse is a useful animal.
I like to watch ____ sun rising in the morning.
He lives in ___ north, so go ___ north.
The theTheThethethe/用在重新提及的人或事物名词前双方心中都知晓、明白的名词前用在姓氏复数之前表示全家人或夫妇俩用在单数名词的前面表示一类人或事物用在表示世界上独一无二的事物的名词前east , west, north, south 用作名词时要加
the, 用作副词时则不用；残疾人 瞎子
Children are always looking forward to ____Spring
Festival.
It is ___ first time I have been here.
It’s ___ most important thing I must do now.
____ milk on the table is hers.
20世纪80年代
唐朝
the disabled the blind the in the 1980’s
the Tang DynastythetheThe用在年代、朝代、时代名词前
用在某些形容词或分词前表示一类人用在形容词的最高级前, 比较 most/the most用在序数词前;其后有某种修饰语(如介词短语、定语从句、分词
短语或不定式等)的名词前,表示特定的人或物时与农历有关的节日名词前(即与festival连用时).
序数词前的冠词The cakes are delicious. He’d like to have _____ third one because _____ second one is rather too small .
a; a B. the; the C. a; the D. the; a
2.---Who came out _____ first in the Marathon?
---Michael. He’s always _____ first to reach the line.
the; the B. / ; / C. the; / D. /; the
3.He got __ first prize in mathematics．aCompare:
Our monitor is ___ person who is ready to help others.
Our monitor is ___ person who is dressed in red.
While he was investigating ways to improve the telescope, Newton made _____ discovery which completely changed _____ man’s understanding of color.
A. a; / B. a; the C. the; a D. / ; / 定语从句的先行词要分特指与不特指A a theHe plays ___ violin but gives lessons on ___piano.
We have __ piano in our house.
Eggs are sold by ___dozen.
长江
英吉利海峡
They pulled her by ____ hair.
___ older of the two brothers is my
desk-mate.
同一个人
就是这个人
the Yangtze River
the English Channelthe theathetheThe the same person
the very person用在作为课程或演奏等的乐器名称前,但如果该名词作为普通名词，用不定冠词a／an在only, right, same, very前, just 之后
在表示计量的名词前,但注意 by weight/height..用于江、河、湖泊、山脉、海湾、群岛等地理名称
前。在句型“动词 + sb. + 介词 + the + 身体某一部位
中”, 这些动词有pat, shoot, lead, beat, hit…强调两者之间的比较，常见于the + 比较级+ of the two---联合国
北京大学 the United Nations
Beijing University=
the University of Beijing有普通名词构成的国家，党派等专有名词前，但
注意‘地名+名词’ 结构前不用冠词习惯用语中.(高考词汇)
at the age of, at the beginning of, all over the world, all the best, go to the cinema, make the bed, the day after tomorrow, the day before yesterday, the other day, in the end, the moment, take the place of, on the radio, all the same, by the side of, by the way, on the way, in the habit of, in the charge of, in the possession of, in the middle of零冠词的情况Horses are useful animals.
We elected him head of the workshop.
Mary is my sister.
We have few classes on Saturday.
He studies biology at university.
Water is very important for man.
Where are these books?
have breakfast/ lunch ,play basketball/play chess,
by bus, by train
Child as he is, he is good at calculating.
Shortest as he is, he runs fastest .
He turned teacher.
物质名词或抽象名词前一般不用冠词国名，人名前不用加定冠词称呼语或表头衔的名词(除主语和宾语前)前。泛指复数名词，表示一类人或物时在季节，月份，节日，假日，星期，日期前不用球类，三餐，娱乐运动前不用加冠词，by + 交通工具不用加the学科/语言前, 但English=the English language被物主代词数词指示代词或名词所有格修饰. 在由“普通名词 / adj. + as开始的让步状语从句”
中turn后的单数名词作表语.
man意为“人类‘， word意为”消息“时，其前不用冠词。
2.固定词组：come into use / put… into practice / out of question / at present/
leave school/come to power
五、有冠词和无冠词的区别： at table
at the table
进餐在桌子旁at sea
at the sea
茫然在海上by sea
by the sea乘船在海边in future
in the future
今后在未来on earth
on the earth
究竟在地球上take place
take the place of发生代替in front of
in the front of
在外前面在内部的前面He is in charge of the factory.
The factory is in the charge of him.他负责这家工厂。这家工厂由他负责。（主语是物）
in bed
in the bed睡觉在床上in prison
in the prison坐牢在监狱里in hospital
in the hospital因病住院在医院里（不一定生病）go to bed
go to the bed上床睡觉向床走去（不一定是去睡觉）go to church
go to the church做礼拜去教堂two of us
the two of us
我们当中的2个人我们共两人out of question
out of the question毫无疑问不可能in the distance
at a distance在远处在一定的距离a number of
the number of许多…的数目for a moment
for the moment一会儿目前，暂时in place
in the place适当在……的地方go to school
go to the school去上学（是学生）去学校（不一定是学生）by day
by the day在白天按日计算in possession
in the possession of拥有为…所有in sight of
in the sight of看见据…的见解in future
in the future今后将来be of age
be of an age成年同龄He is still in office.
He is still in the office.他仍在执政。他仍在办公室里。She is in class.
She is in the class.她正在上课。她在那个班。There is still some food in store.
The food is in the store.食物尚有储备。食物在那个仓库里。 名词的所有格英语的名词有三个格：主格，宾格，属格
名词的主格与宾格形式相同，所以又统称为 通格。属格或所有格有三种:
’s 属格，（用来表示有生命的东西）
of 属格，（用来表示无生命的东西） 双重属格属格意为 “的”
1.Dickens’( s) novels
2. Mary and Jane’s car （两人共有）
Mary’s and Jane’s cars （两人各有）
3。表示国家，城市，时间，距离，度量，金钱 等名词，可用 ’s 属格。
5。双重所有格有部分概念或有一定的感彩 6。双重所有格也可以用“of + 名词性物主代词”4。属格后的名词如指商店，家宅等地点时，该名词常省略。 注意：7. 姓氏 + s 表示“…全家 ” 如：the Smiths
而 the Smiths’ 表示“史密斯一家的住所 ”8. 固定词组 a bird’s eye view
a stone’s throw
a hair’s breadth
at one’s wit’s end
in one’s mind’s eye
at arm’s length鸟瞰一箭之遥 间不容发 不知所措 在某人心目中 疏远三十美元的价值
这两个男孩的母亲
查尔斯的工作
中国的工业化
地球的大气层
一天的旅程
Thirty dollars’ value the two boys’ motherCharles’s jobChina’s industrialization the earth’s atmosphere
a day’s journey7。25英镑的重量
8.一英里的距离
9. 一元钱的苹果
10. 我父亲的一位朋友
11. 我叔叔家
12. 理发店
13. 药店
Twenty-five pounds’ weight a mile’s distance a dollar’s worth of apples a friend of my father’s my uncle’s the barber’s the chemist’s 名词的句法功能名词在句子中主要做 主，宾，表，宾补，介词宾语，同位语，状语，定语等成分。You children should keep quiet.
You should help us children. This box weighs 20 kilograms.
The globe measures one metre across.
He watched TV last night.
Wait a moment.
We must get together some day. 名词可修饰另一名词，用作定语，通常表示材料，用途或内容。 a blood type
A dress shop
a gold watch
a room number
a tea cup
a war story
a university student
a table cloth
a flower exhibition复数： two dress shops
two child dancers
Woman, man 修饰名词两者都变
two women doctors
复合名词 变主要名词 n+ -ed 作定语， a three-legged table
a three-wheeled car
a one-eyed man Cf. a color TV
a colored TV_( 能显示彩色图像）（外观是彩色的）名词与数词复合定语 a five-act play
a five acts’ play
a play of five acts 1.Dr. Jones has a ________ daughter.
five-years-old B. five-year-old
C. five years old D. five-year-old
2. Could you please tell me the _________ for Biology 457 and Chemistry 610?
room’s number B. room numbers
C. rooms numbers D. numbers of rooms
3. I will give you ______ to finish it.
two-weeks time B. two week’s time
C. two-week time D. two weeks’ time
DBDThe newly-built library is ____ building.
five-storey B. five storeys
C. five-storeyed D. five storeysC Bye-bye !